Unit 6 词汇复习讲义-2025-2026学年人教版七年级上册

该初中英语Unit 6词汇复习讲义通过分类表格系统构建知识体系，核心短语按运动项目、装备、习惯等功能类别梳理，词性转换按名词复数、动词三单等变形类型归纳，表格清晰呈现短语用法、变形规律及易错点，凸显知识内在联系与重难点分布。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计与方法指导创新，基础题夯实短语翻译，提升题强化适当形式填空，拓展题注重语境补全，培养语言运用能力。通过易错点提醒和举一反三拓展，如“go+动名词”结构造句，助力学生掌握学习策略，提升思维品质，支持分层教学与自主复习。

Unit 6 词汇复习讲义 班级：________ 小组：________ 姓名：________ 得分：________ 第一部分 核心短语精讲精练 一、知识点梳理（按功能分类，直击用法） 类别 核心短语 用法解析与注意事项 运动项目类 play basketball / play football play volleyball / play ping-pong play tennis / do morning exercises 1. 球类运动前不加冠词（play basketball√，play the basketball×）；2. 乐器类运动（如play the piano）需加the，与球类区分；3. 固定搭配：do morning exercises“做早操”，exercise此处为可数名词，需用复数；4. play后接球类用原形，无ing形式（play football，不用playing football作谓语时） 运动装备类 sports shoes / sports clothes a basketball / a ping-pong bat a tennis racket / a football 1. 复合名词sports作定语，用复数形式（sports shoes，sports bag）；2. 装备类名词可数：bat→bats，racket→rackets；3. 固定搭配：wear sports shoes“穿运动鞋”，take a basketball“带篮球” 运动习惯类 play sports every day / do exercise regularly go running / go swimming after school play sports with friends 1. 固定表达：go + 动名词（go running, go swimming）表示“去做某项运动”；2. every day“每天”，用于一般现在时；regularly“定期地”，修饰动词；3. play sports=do sports“做运动”，可互换；4. with friends“和朋友一起”，放句末作状语 运动感受与目的类 feel tired / feel excited keep fit / keep healthy be good at sports / be good for health 1. feel作系动词，后接形容词（feel tired，feel excited）；2. keep fit=keep healthy“保持健康”，fit与healthy可互换；3. be good at + 名词/动名词（be good at basketball，be good at swimming）；4. be good for“对……有益”，反义词组be bad for（be bad for eyes） 其他常用类 join the sports club / take part in the sports meeting on weekends / in the afternoon 1. join与take part in区别：join后接组织/团体（join the club），take part in后接活动（take part in the meeting）；2. on weekends“在周末”，=at weekends（英式）；3. 时间介词：in+上午/下午/晚上（in the afternoon），on+具体某天（on Sunday morning） 二、分层练习（基础→提升→拓展） （一）基础题：短语翻译（中英互译，夯实记忆） 1. 打篮球 ________________ 2. 做早操 ________________ 3. 去游泳 ________________ 4. 保持健康 ________________ 5. 擅长网球 ________________ 6. 加入运动俱乐部 ________________ 7. play football with friends ________________ 8. do exercise regularly ________________ 9. sports shoes ________________ 10. be good for our health ________________ （二）提升题：短语填空（用所给短语的适当形式填空，每词限用一次） play basketball, go swimming, do morning exercises, keep healthy, be good at, join the club, take part in, feel excited, play sports, be bad for 1. Eating too much junk food ________ your body. You should stop eating it. 2. My brother ________ playing ping-pong. He often wins matches. 3. We ________ every morning to keep our bodies strong. 4. Tom wants to ________. He likes playing different kinds of sports. 5. It's hot today. Let's ________ in the swimming pool. 6. They ________ after school every day. They like running and jumping. 7. We will ________ the school sports meeting next week. We are preparing for it. 8. Playing sports can help us ________. It's important for everyone. 9. He ________ when he wins the basketball match. 10. My father and I often ________ on weekends. We enjoy the time together. （三）拓展题：语境运用（根据句意补全短语，灵活运用） 1. — ________（你每天做运动吗）? — Yes, I do. I ________（每天下午打篮球）. 2. ________（穿运动鞋）when you play sports. It's safe for your feet. 3. She ________（擅长游泳）and she often ________（和朋友一起去游泳）on weekends. 4. ________（参加运动会）is a good way to make friends and ________（保持健康）. 5. — ________（你想加入运动俱乐部吗）? — Yes, I do. I want to ________（学习打网球）. 三、举一反三拓展 【短语搭配拓展】“go + 动名词” 结构可表示多种运动，补充常用搭配：go hiking（去远足）、go cycling（去骑自行车）、go skating（去滑冰）请用以上任意两个短语造句：① ________________ ② ________________ 【同义短语替换】 1.play sports = do sports 做运动 → 例：I play sports every morning. = I do sports every morning. 2.keep fit = keep healthy 保持健康 → 例：She keeps fit by running. = She keeps healthy by running. 3.请将下列句子中的短语替换为同义短语：① They play sports after school. → ________________② My grandfather keeps fit by doing Tai Chi. → ________________ 第二部分 词性转换精讲精练 一、知识点梳理（按规律分类，突破变形难点） 变形类型 例词（Unit 6 重点） 规律总结 名词→复数 sport→sports; bat→bats; racket→rackets; exercise→exercises; club→clubs 1. 一般名词加s（bat→bats, racket→rackets, club→clubs）；2. sport作定语时用复数sports（sports shoes），表具体运动项目时也可用复数sports；3. exercise表“锻炼”不可数，表“练习题/早操”可数（do exercise锻炼，do morning exercises早操） 动词→第三人称单数 play→plays; do→does; go→goes; feel→feels; keep→keeps 1. 一般动词加s（play→plays, keep→keeps）；2. 以o结尾的动词加es（do→does, go→goes）；3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i加es（study→studies，Unit 6拓展）；4. 不规则变化：have→has 形容词→副词 regular→regularly; quick→quickly; slow→slowly; happy→happily 1. 一般形容词加ly（regular→regularly, quick→quickly）；2. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i加ly（happy→happily）；3. 副词修饰动词，放动词后或句末（do exercise regularly，run quickly） 名词→形容词 health→healthy; fit→fit（本身可作形容词）; excite→excited/exciting; tire→tired/tiring 1. 名词加y变形容词（health→healthy）；2. 部分动词加ed/ing变形容词：-ed修饰人（excited, tired），-ing修饰物（exciting, tiring）；3. fit既可以作形容词“健康的”，也可以作动词“适合”（The shoes fit me well.） （二）高频易错点提醒 1. 球类运动前冠词：play basketball/football等球类前不加the，乐器前必须加the（play the piano），不可混淆； 2. exercise的可数与不可数：“锻炼”是不可数（do exercise），“早操/练习题”是可数（do morning exercises），不能说do morning exercise； 3. -ed与-ing形容词区别：excited修饰人（I feel excited），exciting修饰物（an exciting match）；tired修饰人，tiring修饰物； 4. join与take part in区别：join接组织（join the club），take part in接活动（take part in the sports meeting），不能说join the meeting。 二、分层练习（基础→提升→拓展） （一）基础题：词形变化填空（直接变形，巩固规律） 1. My brother ________（play）football every afternoon. He is good at ________（play）sports. 2. Doing morning ________（exercise）is good for our ________（health）. 3. She feels ________（excite）when she watches ________（excite）sports matches. 4. We should do exercise ________（regular）to keep ________（health）. 5. There are two ________（racket）and three ________（bat）in the sports room. 6. He ________（go）swimming every weekend. He swims very ________（quick）. 7. These ________（sport）shoes are new. They ________（fit）me well. 8. After a long run, I feel ________（tire）. It's a ________（tire）sport. （二）提升题：语境选择（选择适当形式填空，灵活运用） 1. He ________（play / plays）basketball well. He wants to ________（join / take part in）the basketball team. 2. — Do you like ________（swim / swimming）? — Yes, I often go ________（swim / swimming）in summer. 3. The sports meeting is very ________（excited / exciting）. All the students feel ________（excited / exciting）. 4. Eating healthy food and ________（do / doing）exercise can help us keep ________（fit / fitly）. 5. There are many ________（club / clubs）in our school. I want to join the ________（sport / sports）club. 6. She ________（do / does）exercise every morning. She ________（do / does）it very ________（slow / slowly）. 7. Playing computer games too much ________（is / are）bad for ________（our / ours）eyes. 8. — What ________（does / do）your parents ________（do / does）to keep healthy? — They play sports every day. （三）拓展题：句型转换（根据要求改写句子，综合运用） 1. He plays football every weekend.（改为否定句）→ He ________ ________ football every weekend. 2. She is good at swimming.（改为同义句）→ She ________ ________ in swimming. 3. They take part in the sports meeting every year.（对划线部分提问）→ ________ ________ they ________ every year? 4. The match is exciting.（改为以人为主语的句子）→ We ________ ________ about the match. 5. Playing sports can keep us healthy.（改为同义句）→ Playing sports can help us ________ ________. 三、举一反三拓展 【规律迁移】根据Unit 6动词变形容词（-ed/-ing）的规律，完成下列未学单词的变形： 1.interest（v. 使感兴趣）→ ________（adj. 感兴趣的，修饰人）/ ________（adj. 有趣的，修饰物）；surprise（v. 使惊讶）→ ________（adj. 惊讶的，修饰人）/ ________（adj. 令人惊讶的，修饰物） 2.请用以上单词造句：① I am ________ in English stories. ② This is an ________ storybook. 【短语搭配拓展】用词性转换后的单词搭配短语： 1.副词 + 动词：regularly + do（定期做）→ quickly + run（快速跑）→ ________ + ________（开心地玩） 2.形容词 + 名词：exciting + match（激动人心的比赛）→ healthy + body（健康的身体）→ ________ + ________（有趣的运动） 【答案】 第一部分 核心短语 （一）基础题 1.play basketball 2. do morning exercises 3. go swimming 4. keep healthy / keep fit 5. be good at tennis 6. join the sports club 7. 和朋友一起踢足球 8. 定期做锻炼 9. 运动鞋 10. 对我们的健康有益 （二）提升题 1. is bad for（解析：“吃太多垃圾食品对身体有害”，主语是动名词短语，be动词用is） 2. is good at（解析：“擅长打乒乓球”用be good at，主语my brother是单数，be动词用is） 3. do morning exercises（解析：“每天早上做早操”，every morning提示一般现在时，主语we用原形，exercises用复数） 4. join the club（解析：“想加入俱乐部”用join the club，want to后接动词原形） 5. go swimming（解析：“去游泳池游泳”用go swimming，let's后接动词原形） 6. play sports（解析：“每天放学后做运动”，every day提示一般现在时，主语they用原形） 7. take part in（解析：“参加学校运动会”，运动会是活动，用take part in，will后接动词原形） 8. keep healthy（解析：“做运动帮助我们保持健康”，help sb后接动词原形，keep healthy为固定短语） 9. feels excited（解析：“赢得比赛感到兴奋”，主语he是单数，feel变feels，excited修饰人） 10. play basketball（解析：“周末打篮球”，often提示一般现在时，主语my father and I用原形） （三）拓展题 1. Do you play sports every day; play basketball every afternoon（解析：一般现在时一般疑问句，主语you用do开头，play sports用原形；“每天下午打篮球”用play basketball every afternoon） 2. Wear sports shoes（解析：祈使句用动词原形开头，“穿运动鞋”用wear sports shoes） 3. is good at swimming; goes swimming with friends（解析：“擅长游泳”用be good at swimming，主语she是单数，be动词用is；“和朋友去游泳”用go swimming with friends，often提示一般现在时，go变goes） 4. Taking part in the sports meeting; keep healthy（解析：第一空作主语用动名词形式Taking part in；“保持健康”用keep healthy，与make friends并列用原形） 5. Do you want to join the sports club; learn to play tennis（解析：一般疑问句用do开头，want to后接动词原形；“学习打网球”用learn to play tennis，want to后接动词原形） 第二部分 词性转换 （一）基础题 1. plays; playing（解析：every afternoon提示一般现在时，主语my brother是单数，play变plays；be good at后接动名词playing） 2. exercises; health（解析：“做早操”用do morning exercises，exercises用复数；our后接名词health） 3. excited; exciting（解析：第一空修饰人she用excited；第二空修饰物sports matches用exciting） 4. regularly; healthy（解析：第一空修饰动词do用副词regularly；keep后接形容词healthy） 5. rackets; bats（解析：two和three后接复数，racket变rackets，bat变bats） 6. goes; quickly（解析：every weekend提示一般现在时，主语he是单数，go变goes；第二空修饰动词swims用副词quickly） 7. sports; fit（解析：“运动鞋”用sports shoes；第二空fit作形容词，“适合我”用fit me well） 8. tired; tiring（解析：第一空修饰人I用tired；第二空修饰物sport用tiring） （二）提升题 1. plays; join（解析：主语he是单数，play变plays；“加入篮球队”是组织，用join，want to后接原形） 2. swimming; swimming（解析：like后接动名词swimming；go swimming为固定搭配） 3. exciting; excited（解析：第一空修饰sports meeting用exciting；第二空修饰students用excited） 4. doing; fit（解析：and连接并列成分，与eating并列用doing；keep后接形容词fit） 5. clubs; sports（解析：many后接club的复数clubs；“运动俱乐部”用sports club） 6. does; does; slowly（解析：every morning提示一般现在时，主语she是单数，do变does；第二空does为实义动词“做”，用原形；第三空修饰动词does用副词slowly） 7. is; our（解析：主语是动名词短语，be动词用is；第二空修饰eyes用形容词性物主代词our） 8. do; do（解析：主语your parents是复数，加助动词do，后面的do用原形） （三）拓展题 1. doesn't play（解析：一般现在时否定句，主语he是单数，加助动词doesn't，play用原形） 2. does well（解析：be good at的同义表达是do well in，主语she是单数，do变does） 3. What do; do（解析：对动作提问用what，主语they是复数，加助动词do，后面的do用原形） 4. feel excited（解析：exciting修饰物，对应的修饰人的形容词是excited，主语we用feel excited） 5. keep fit（解析：keep healthy的同义表达是keep fit，help sb后接动词原形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $