Unit 5 单词系统讲解表 2025-2026学年冀教版七年级英语上册

Unit 5 单词系统讲解表（冀教版7年级上册） 单词 常见搭配 考点提示 经典例句 sofa /ˈsəʊfə/ (n. 长沙发) on the sofa；sofa bed；leather sofa；big sofa；corner sofa；sofa cushion 可数名词，复数为sofas；常用介词on搭配，区别于chair（单人椅）、bench（长凳） She is reading a fashion magazine on the leather sofa. 她正坐在皮沙发上看时尚杂志。 business /ˈbɪznəs/ (n. 商务；商业；生意) do business；business trip；on business；business hours；business partner；small business 不可数名词；核心短语on business（出差），区别于busy（adj. 忙碌的）；固定搭配none of your business（不关你的事） My father is on a business trip to Shanghai and will be back next week. 我爸爸去上海出差了，下周回来。 donut /ˈdəʊnʌt/ (n. 甜甜圈) chocolate donut；strawberry donut；a box of donuts；glazed donut；donut shop 可数名词，复数为donuts；美式拼写，英式也作doughnut；属于西式甜点，常作为早餐或零食 I bought a glazed donut and a cup of milk for my breakfast. 我买了一个糖霜甜甜圈和一杯牛奶当早餐。 pity /ˈpɪti/ (n. 可惜；遗憾；同情) what a pity!；feel pity for；a great pity；out of pity；take pity on sb. 可数/不可数名词；感叹句常用what a pity!，表“同情”时用feel pity for/take pity on sb.；It's a pity that...（很遗憾……） What a pity! You missed the wonderful school concert yesterday. 真可惜！你错过了昨天精彩的校园音乐会。 friendly /ˈfrendli/ (adj. 友好的；亲切的) be friendly to sb.；friendly smile；friendly people；a friendly match；friendly atmosphere 形容词，比较级friendlier，最高级friendliest；名词形式为friend（朋友）；派生词friendship（友谊） My new deskmate is very friendly to everyone in our class. 我的新同桌对班上每个人都很友好。 loyal /ˈlɔɪəl/ (adj. 忠诚的；忠实的) be loyal to；loyal friend；loyal dog；loyal supporter；loyal to one's country 形容词，核心搭配be loyal to（对……忠诚）；副词形式为loyally；名词形式为loyalty（忠诚） Dogs are loyal to their owners and will protect them when in danger. 狗对主人很忠诚，遇到危险时会保护他们。 rhino /ˈraɪnəʊ/ (n. 犀牛) African rhino；white rhino；black rhino；a group of rhinos；rhino horn；endangered rhino 可数名词，复数为rhinos；全称是rhinoceros，rhino为缩写形式；属于濒危野生动物，受国际保护 Rhinos are endangered animals because some people hunt them for their horns. 犀牛是濒危动物，因为有人为了犀牛角而猎杀它们。 egret /ˈiːɡrət/ (n. 鹭；白鹭) white egret；little egret；egret in the wetland；egret with long legs；egret flying over the lake 可数名词，复数为egrets；属于水鸟，常见于湿地、湖泊等水域附近，以小鱼、昆虫为食 We saw a white egret standing quietly by the lake, waiting for fish. 我们看到一只白鹭静静地站在湖边，等待鱼儿出现。 team /tiːm/ (n. 队；组) football team；team work；join a team；a team of doctors；team leader；team spirit 可数名词，复数为teams；team work（团队合作）为不可数名词短语；team spirit 意为“团队精神” He is the captain of our school basketball team and leads the team to win many games. 他是我们学校篮球队队长，带领球队赢得了很多比赛。 each /iːtʃ/ (pron. & det. 各自；每个) each other；each student；each of us；each time；each one；each side 作代词时后接单数动词；each other表“互相”，用于两人或多人之间；区别于every（强调整体） Each of the students has a new English dictionary for this term. 每个学生这学期都有一本新的英语词典。 skin /skɪn/ (n. 毛皮；皮肤；皮) human skin；animal skin；skin care；a piece of skin；dry skin；protect one's skin 不可数名词；表“某块皮肤”时可加a，如a piece of skin；skin care 意为“皮肤护理” We should protect our skin from the strong sun in summer by wearing hats. 夏天我们应该戴帽子保护皮肤免受烈日暴晒。 stay /steɪ/ (v. 保持；待；暂住；停留) stay at home；stay healthy；stay in a hotel；stay up late；stay for dinner；stay away from 及物/不及物动词；stay + adj.表“保持某种状态”，stay up late（熬夜）；stay away from 意为“远离” I will stay with my aunt in the countryside for two weeks during the holiday. 假期我要去乡下和姑姑住两个星期。 sound /saʊnd/ (n. 声音；响声 v. 听起来好像) loud sound；sound of music；sound happy；sound like；make a sound；sound system 作名词时为可数/不可数名词；作连系动词后接形容词作表语，不接副词；区别于voice（嗓音）、noise（噪音） The sound of the rain hitting the window is very relaxing. 雨点打在窗户上的声音很舒缓。/Your idea sounds really great! 你的主意听起来真棒！ dangerous /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/ (adj. 有危险的；不安全的) dangerous animal；be dangerous to；dangerous place；it's dangerous to do sth.；dangerous situation 形容词，反义词为safe（安全的）；名词形式为danger（危险）；常用句型It's dangerous to do sth.（做某事很危险） It's dangerous to swim in the deep river alone without adults. 没有大人陪同，独自在深河里游泳很危险。 thing /θɪŋ/ (n. 事情；东西；事物) good thing；many things；one more thing；small things；daily things；important things 可数名词，复数为things；可指代各类事物，使用范围极广；固定搭配one thing...another thing...（一则……二则……） I have many important things to finish before the end of this week. 本周结束前我有很多重要的事情要完成。 nearby /ˌnɪəˈbaɪ/ (adv. 在附近；不远 adj. 附近的；邻近的) live nearby；nearby park；a nearby supermarket；work nearby；go to the nearby shop 作副词修饰动词；作形容词可前置或后置修饰名词；相当于near，但更强调“近在咫尺” There is a newly opened coffee shop nearby, and the coffee there tastes good. 附近新开了一家咖啡店，那里的咖啡味道不错。 scare /skeə(r)/ (v. 惊吓；使害怕；吓唬) scare sb.；be scared of；scare away；scare sb. to death；scare the birds away 及物动词；形容词形式为scared（感到害怕的，主语是人）/scary（令人害怕的，主语是物）；scare away 意为“吓跑” The sudden thunder scared the little girl and she began to cry. 突如其来的雷声吓到了小女孩，她哭了起来。 insect /ˈɪnsekt/ (n. 昆虫) small insect；insect world；catch insects；insect repellent；beneficial insect；harmful insect 可数名词，复数为insects；bee、butterfly、ant、ladybug都属于insects；分为益虫（beneficial）和害虫（harmful） My little brother likes to collect insects like butterflies and beetles in the garden. 我弟弟喜欢在花园里收集蝴蝶、甲虫之类的昆虫。 cheese /tʃiːz/ (n. 奶酪；干酪) a piece of cheese；cheese cake；cream cheese；cheese sandwich；blue cheese；cheese pizza 不可数名词；表“奶酪种类”时可加s，如different cheeses；常搭配面包、披萨食用 I put some cream cheese on the bread to make a delicious breakfast. 我在面包上涂了些奶油奶酪，做了一顿美味的早餐。 butter /ˈbʌtə(r)/ (n. 黄油；奶油) a box of butter；peanut butter；spread butter on bread；butter and bread；salted butter 不可数名词；常用搭配spread butter on sth.（在某物上涂黄油）；peanut butter 意为“花生酱” My mom spreads a thin layer of butter on the toast every morning. 妈妈每天早上在吐司上涂薄薄一层黄油。 feed /fiːd/ (v. 喂养；饲养；进食) feed the dog；feed on grass；feed the baby；feed sth. to sb.；feed the animals in the zoo 及物动词，过去式/过去分词为fed；feed on表“以……为食”（主语多为动物）；区别于raise（饲养家畜、种植作物） We feed the chickens with corn every morning on the farm. 我们每天早上在农场用玉米喂鸡。/Cows feed on grass and produce milk. 牛以草为食，产出牛奶。 sign /saɪn/ (n. 标牌；标志；迹象；手势 v. 署名；签字；打手势) traffic sign；sign of rain；sign your name；sign language；warning sign；sign an agreement 作名词时为可数名词，复数为signs；作动词时sign for（签收）、sign language（手语）为常用搭配 There is a "No Smoking" sign on the wall of the library. 图书馆墙上有一个“禁止吸烟”的标志。/Please sign your name on this paper. 请在这份文件上签名。 giraffe /dʒəˈrɑːf/ (n. 长颈鹿) tall giraffe；giraffe's neck；a group of giraffes；giraffe eating leaves；zoo giraffe 可数名词，复数为giraffes；以ffe结尾，变复数直接加s；长颈鹿是世界上最高的陆生动物 Giraffes have long necks so that they can eat leaves from tall trees. 长颈鹿有长长的脖子，这样就能吃到高树上的叶子。 bamboo /ˌbæmˈbuː/ (n. 竹；竹子) bamboo forest；bamboo shoot；bamboo chair；panda's bamboo；bamboo leaves；bamboo products 可数/不可数名词，表“竹子种类”时可数，表“竹材”时不可数；bamboo shoot 意为“竹笋”，可食用 Pandas mainly feed on bamboo and they eat a lot every day. 熊猫主要以竹子为食，每天要吃很多。 instead /ɪnˈsted/ (adv. 代替；反而；却) instead of；go instead；instead of doing sth.；rather than instead；use A instead of B 副词，常置于句末；instead of为介词短语，后接名词/代词/动名词，表“代替……”；区别于instead（副词，单独使用） I don't like coffee, so I drink tea instead. 我不喜欢咖啡，所以我改喝茶。/He walks to school instead of taking the bus to exercise. 他步行上学，而不是坐公交，以此锻炼身体。 carrot /ˈkærət/ (n. 胡萝卜) fresh carrot；carrot juice；carrot salad；a bunch of carrots；raw carrot；cooked carrot 可数名词，复数为carrots；富含维生素A，对眼睛有益；可生吃、煮熟吃或榨汁 Rabbits like to eat carrots very much, and they are also good for human health. 兔子很喜欢吃胡萝卜，胡萝卜对人体健康也有益处。 funny /ˈfʌni/ (adj. 滑稽的；好笑的；奇怪的) funny story；funny face；very funny；funny movie；funny joke；funny behavior 形容词，比较级funnier，最高级funniest；可表“滑稽好笑”或“奇怪反常”；同义词为comical The clown's funny actions made all the kids in the audience laugh loudly. 小丑滑稽的动作让台下所有孩子都哈哈大笑。 dinosaur /ˈdaɪnəsɔː(r)/ (n. 恐龙) big dinosaur；dinosaur fossil；extinct dinosaur；dinosaur toy；dinosaur museum；dinosaur age 可数名词，复数为dinosaurs；生活在中生代，现已灭绝；dinosaur fossil 意为“恐龙化石” My son is crazy about dinosaurs and has collected many dinosaur models and books. 我儿子对恐龙很痴迷，收集了很多恐龙模型和书籍。 report /rɪˈpɔːt/ (n. & v. 报告；报道；汇报) school report；news report；report a fire；write a report；report to the teacher；weather report 作名词时为可数名词，复数为reports；作动词时report to sb.（向某人汇报）；weather report 意为“天气预报” She wrote a detailed report about environmental protection for her class project. 她为班级课题写了一份详细的环保报告。 fat /fæt/ (adj. 肥的；肥胖的；油腻的 n. 脂肪；肥肉) fat cat；fat person；body fat；animal fat；fat food；low-fat milk 作形容词时，比较级fatter，最高级fattest；作名词时为不可数名词；low-fat 意为“低脂的” Eating too much fat is bad for our health and may cause some diseases. 吃太多脂肪对健康有害，可能会引发一些疾病。 most /məʊst/ (pron. & det. 大多数；最多 adv. 最；最多；非常) most students；most of us；most important；most carefully；at most；make the most of 作形容词时是many/much的最高级；most + adj.表“最……”，前加the；make the most of 意为“充分利用” Most people like to travel to different places during their holidays. 大多数人喜欢在假期去不同的地方旅行。 leaf /liːf/ (n. 叶子；叶片) green leaf；tree leaf；falling leaves；tea leaf；maple leaf；leaf vein 可数名词，复数为leaves（f变v加es）；leaflet表“传单”；maple leaf 是加拿大的象征 The leaves turn yellow and red in autumn and fall down from the trees. 秋天树叶变黄变红，从树上落下来。 usually /ˈjuːʒuəli/ (adv. 通常地；惯常地) usually get up；usually go to school；usually by bike；usually on weekends 频度副词，位置在实义动词前、be动词/助动词后；频率高于often，低于always I usually get up at seven o'clock in the morning and have breakfast at seven thirty. 我通常早上七点起床，七点半吃早餐。 hairy /ˈheəri/ (adj. 多毛的；毛茸茸的) hairy dog；hairy arm；hairy animal；hairy chest；hairy caterpillar；hairy coat 形容词，修饰名词；名词形式为hair（头发/毛发）；hairy caterpillar 意为“毛毛虫” The monkey is a hairy animal that likes climbing trees and eating fruits. 猴子是一种多毛的动物，喜欢爬树和吃水果。 climb /klaɪm/ (v. & n. 爬；攀登；登山) climb a mountain；climb the tree；a climb up the hill；climb stairs；climb the ladder；mountain climbing 作动词时为及物/不及物动词；作名词时为可数名词；mountain climbing 意为“登山运动” The children like to climb trees in the park, but it's dangerous and their parents don't allow it. 孩子们喜欢在公园爬树，但这很危险，家长不允许。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $