Unit 2 情态动词 & 反身代词课件 -2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册
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摘要:
该初中英语单元复习课件系统梳理了询问疾病与健康问题、情态动词should/could用法及反身代词用法三大核心语法点,通过分类归纳句型结构(如五种健康问题表达)、对比辨析易混词(ache/sore/hurt)、例句示范句式功能,帮助学生构建连贯的语法知识网络。
其亮点在于采用“语法点拆解-易混点对比-分层练习”的复习策略,如通过表格对比should(直接建议)与could(委婉建议)的语气场景,设计从基础选择(如“You ____ practise every day”)到翻译应用(如“你应该和我待在一起”)的练习题,培养学生的语言运用能力和逻辑辨析思维。这种设计让学生巩固基础并提升辨析能力,教师可直接依托资料实施精准复习,提高教学效率。
内容正文:
Unit 2 - Grammar
询问疾病、不适及突发状况
情态动词 should 的用法
反身代词的用法
Grammars to focus on
Unit 1 What’s the matter?
What’s the matter? “怎么了?”
What’s wrong? 怎么啦?
What’s wrong with you? 你怎么了?
What’s your trouble? 你怎么了?
What’s the trouble with you? 你怎么了?
What’s up? 你怎么了?
Is there anything wrong with you? 你怎么了?
Are you OK/all right? 你还好吗?
询问疾病,不适及突发状况
在英语中,表示“患病或者不舒服”的常用结构:
(1)主语+have/get a(n)+疾病名称(have更常见).
e.g. have a cold , have a fever, have a cough
某些搭配中还会使用catch,如catch a cold等。
(2)主语+have/has+a+身体部位-ache.
e.g. headache/toothache/stomachache/backache
02
Express health problems
(3)主语+have/has+a+sore+发病部位.
back
eye
leg
arm
neck
knee
leg
sore
(4)身体部位 + hurt(s)
e.g. My back hurts too much.
(5)There is something wrong with one’s + 部位.
某人某部位不舒服/出了毛病。
e.g. There is something wrong with my neck.
3. ache, sore和hurt 的区别:
ache 是一个名词后缀,表示某部位疼痛。
tooth+ ache = toothache (牙痛) head+ ache = headache (头痛)
back+ ache = backache (背痛) ear + ache = earache(耳朵痛)
stomach + ache = stomachache(胃痛)
heart + ache = heartache(心脏病)
3. ache, sore和hurt 的区别:
(2) sore 是形容词,用来修饰名词,指的是身体某一部位的酸痛。
e.g. sore back, sore throat
(3) hurt是动词,指“刺痛;使受伤痛”。如:
He hurts his leg. = His leg hurts. 他腿疼
情态动词should,意为" 应该, 应当 ",可用于所有人称,表示劝告、建议或表示有责任(或义务)去做某事,语气较直接。其后跟动词原形,和动词原形一起构成谓语。
You should take some medicine anddrink enough water.
You should wear a mask when you have the flu.
情态动词 should 的用法
2.形式
肯定句: 主语 + should + 动词原形 +......
否定句: 主语 + should not / shouldn't + 动词原形 +......
一般疑问句: Should + 主语 + 动词原形 +......?
特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词 + should + 主语 + 动词原形 +......?
You should make your bed.
You shouldn't throw the rubbish here and there.
Should I take my temperature first?
What should I do?
(1)用于提出建议或劝告,意为“应该”。
You should listen to your parents. 你应该听父母的话。
(2)用于表达义务或责任,意为“应该;应当”。
We should respect the old. 我们应该尊敬老人。
(3)表示推测﹐意为“应该会;可能”。
I think they should be at home. 我想他们应该在家里。
1. should的常见用法
(4)用于责备﹑命令或要求,语气比较强烈。
You shouldn’t shout at your mother. 你不应该对你的妈妈大喊大叫。
(5)用于征求对方的意见,意为“应该;应当”,常用于主语是第一
人称的疑问句中。
What should we do now? 我们现在该干什么呢?
• should / ought to 都表示“应该”, ought to语气比should稍强,
ought to后面必须加“to”,should不用.
You should listen to your parents. 你应该听父母的话(提建议)
We ought to help the old. 我们应该帮助老人 (说责任)
• 否定/疑问:should的否定是shouldn't(不应该),
ought to的否定是oughtn't to(不应该)
You shouldn't watch too much TV. 你不应该看太多电视.
Ought we to tell him the truth? 我们应该告诉他真相吗?
should / ought to的用法及区别
1.情态动词could也用于提出建议,比can语气更委婉。
"You could ..." 意为 " 你可以......"。
Perhaps you could send an email to confirm the meeting time.
或许你可以发封邮件确认会议时间。
2.could表示过去的能力,表示现在的能力用can,此时could是can的过去式。
He could swimatthe age of five.他五岁时就会游泳。
情态动词 could 的用法
3. could表示推测时,后接动词原形,表示对现在或将来的推测。could与"have + 过去分词"连用,表示对过去的推测。
The road could beicyinsuchcoldweather.这么冷的天,路面可能结冰了。拓展:
1. could 用于提出要求或请求。
"Could you please...?"意为"请你......好吗?"用于提出要求或请求。\肯定回答 : Sure! / OK. / Allright...(当然!/好的。/可以......)
否定回答: I'msorry, but...(抱歉,但是......)
情态动词 could 的用法
2. could用于请求许可。
"Could I...?" 意为 "我可以......吗?"用于请求对方允许自己做某事。
肯定回答:Of course you can! / No problem. / Help yourself./
Go ahead...(当然!/没问题。/请自便。/去吧......)
否定回答:I'm afraid not. You can...(恐怕不行。你可以......)
Sorry,youcan't.(对不起,不行。)
You can, but not now...(可以,但不是现在......)
情态动词 could 的用法
情态动词 语气 场景 例句
should 直接、明确 强调义务或
必要建议 You should see a doctor at once.
你应该立刻去看医生。
could 委婉、柔和 提出可选建议 You could call your parents to pick you u你可以打电话让父母来接你。
1.—Miss Fang, how can I speak good English?
—I think you ________ practise speaking it every day.
A.wouldn’t B.shouldn’t C.should D.would
2.If you don’t want to ________ the exam any more, you ________ work harder.
A.take; should B.take; will C.fail; should D.fail; will
3.Yes, Jasmine. First, you ________ always focus on what the teacher says in class. Take notes when you need to.
A.may B.may not C.should D.shouldn’t
4.Peter, please don’t talk in class. You ________ listen to the teacher carefully.
A.can B.should C.may D.would
C
C
C
B
5.Sweetie, your room looks like a bomb went off in here! You ________ tidy it up right now.
A.may B.can C.should D.need
6. To make our dream come true, we ________ rest on what we have done.
A.may not B.should not C.need not D.could not
7. 你应该和我待在一起。 You me.
8. 这个星期天你能和我一起去公园吗,莎莉?
with me this Sunday, Sally?
C
B
should stay with
Could you go to the park/Can you go to the park
反身代词是一种表示反射或强调的代词。有人称和数之分。它由第一人称、第二人称的形容词性物主代词和第三人称代词的宾格词尾加-self或-selves构成,意为“本人”“本身”,为加强语气,也可意为“亲自”“自己”。
反身代词的用法
反身代词形式
单数+self 词义 复数+selves 词义
第一人称 myself 我自己 ourselves 我们自己
第二人称 yourself 你自己 yourselves 你们自己
第三人称 himself 他自己 themselves 他们/她们/它们 自己
herself 她自己
itself 它自己
【结构】 第一、二人称:形物代 + self / selves
第三人称: 宾格 + self / selves
反身代词的用法
1. 作宾语: 在动词或介词后,强调“动作作用于自己”。
○ 动词后:He washes himself every morning.(他每天早上自己洗澡)
○ 介词后:We should look after ourselves.(我们要照顾好自己)
2. 作同位语: 在主语/宾语后, 起“强调作用,省略后不影响句意”。
○ 主语后:My mother herself made this cake.(我妈妈亲自做的这个蛋糕)
○ 宾语后:You can ask Tom himself about it.(你可以问汤姆本人这件事)
反身代词的用法
3. 作表语,在系动词(如be、feel、seem等)之后,说明主语的身份、状态,强调“主语本身”。
○ 动词后:He washes himself every morning.(他每天早上自己洗澡)
○ 介词后:We should look after ourselves.(我们要照顾好自己)
○ 系动词为be时,表“主语就是自身”, e.g. “It’s myself.”(是我本人。)
○ 系动词为feel、seem等感官动词时,表“主语的自身状态(是否正常)”,e.g. “I don’t feel myself today.”(我今天感觉不舒服/不像自己。)
hurt oneself 伤到自己
teach oneself / learn by oneself 自学
enjoy oneself 过得愉快
be oneself 做某人自己
help oneself (to)... 随便(吃/用)……
come to oneself 苏醒
dress oneself 给自己穿衣服
look after oneself 照顾自己
talk to oneself 自言自语
含有反身代词的常用短语如下:
反身代词和人称代词宾格的区别
反身代词与主语是同一人;
人称单词与主语是不同的人。
1. —Who taught ____ English last year?
—Nobody. She learned it by ____.
A. she; herself B. her; herself C. her; her
2. My parents love my sister and me very much. ____ take good care of .
A. They; us B. Them; us C. They; we
3. —Is this dictionary ____?
—No, it isn’t. It’s ____.
A. your; mine B. yours; me C. yours; mine?
4. The two-year-old baby boy is able to dress ________ every morning.
A.he B.his C.himself D.him
C
B
A
C
1. My brother and ( I ) often play football after school.
2. There is a nice picture for (he) on the wall.
3. Many students these days have lots of worries, but they try to keep them to (they).
4. We enjoyed at the party last night. (we)
5. Help to some cakes, boys and girls. (you)
6. Lily is sitting between Lucy and ____ (I ).
I
him
ourselves
themselves
yourselves
me
Thank you!
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