Unit 4 课本知识预习+巩固练习（导学案）五年级英语寒假自学课（译林版三起）

寒假预习副本开启，知识宝藏等你挖～ 译林版三起五年级寒假自学课 Unit 4 单元知识整合 一、必会词汇 四会 feel 感觉,感到 should 应该 toothache 牙疼 anything 任何东西 三会 station 车站 cinema电影院 bookshop 书店 supermarket超市 sun 太阳 full 满的;饱的 along 沿着,顺着 over 结束了,完了 二、重点短语 see the doctor 看医生,看病 let me check 让我检査一下 have a headache 头疼 have a fever 发烧 have a rest 休息 take some medicine 吃一些药 drink some warm water 喝一些温水 have a toothache 牙疼 go to see the dentist 去看牙医 can't eat anything 不能吃任何东西 brush one's teeth 刷牙in March 在三月 eat a lot of sweets 吃许多糖果 before bedtime 就寝前 help in the hospital 在医院帮忙 can't hear well 听不清楚 feel tired 感到累 be happy to help them 很高兴帮助他们 point at 指着,指向 talk about illnesses 讨论疾病 三、核心句型 1. Su Hai is ill. She goes to see the doctor. 苏海生病了。她去看医生。 2.-What's wrong with you?你怎么了? -I have a headache.I feel cold.我头疼。我感觉冷 3.-What should I do，Doctor?医生,我应该做什么? -You should have a rest at home.你应该在家休息。 4.You should take some medicine and drink some warm water, 你应该吃点药,喝些温水。 5. Mike has a toothache. He goes to see the dentist.迈克牙疼。他去看牙医。 6.I can't eat anything!我不能吃任何东西! 7.You shouldn't eat too many sweets.你不应该吃太多糖果。 8. You should brush your teeth in the morning and before bedtime. 你应该在早上和睡觉前刷牙。 9. Why does he have a toothache? 他为什么牙疼? 10.Bobby is very happy to help them.博比很乐意帮助他们。 11.How do you feel now?你(们)现在感觉怎么样? 12.My neck hurts.我的脖子疼。 四、重难点突破 1. 情态动词 should 的用法 should 是情态动词,意为“应该,应当”,没有人称和数的变化,should不能单独作谓语,必须和动词原形一起构成谓语,其句型结构如下: 1.肯定句:主语 +should+动词原形+其他. 例:You should drink warm water,你应该喝温水。 2.否定句:主语+shouldn’t+动词原形+其他含 should 的否定句,直接在 should 后加 not, 可缩写为 shouldn’t,意为“不应该” 例:You shouldn't eat too many sweets. They are bad for your teeth.你不应该吃太多糖果。它们对你的牙齿有害。 3.一般疑问句:Should+主语+动词原形+其他? 肯定回答:Yes,主语+should.否定回答:No,主语+ shouldn't. 例:-Should I water the flowers?我应该浇花吗? -Yes, you should./No,you shouldn’t.是的,你应该。/不，你不应该。 4.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+should+主语+动词原形+其他?答语:主语+should+动词原形+其他 例:-What should I do?我应该做什么? -You should have a rest.你应该休息。 【进阶训练】 一、单项选择。 ( )1.The boy shouldn't ________ in the library. A. shouts B.shout C.shouting ( )2. You're tired. You _______ have a rest. A.should B.shouldn't C.can't ( )3.We _______ give our seats to the old people when we are on a bus. A.should B.can't C.shouldn't ( )4.-My uncle has a fever. Should he_______ medicine? -Yes, he should. A. taking B. take C. takes ( )5.Sam shouldn't _______ or run in the library. He shouldn't sleep,_______. A. talk; too B. talking, either C. talk; either 二、按要求完成下列各题。 1. You should drink some warm water.(改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答) -_______ _______drink _______warm water'? -No, you _______. 2.Tim should eat some sweets.(改为否定句) Tim _______ eat ________ sweets. 3. You can't take any medicine.(用should 代替 can’t改写句子) You _______ take _______ medicine. 4. He should put on his jacket.(对画线部分提问) ________ should he ________? 5. You should go to school early(改为同义句) You _______ go to school _______. 6. grandma, home, my, a, should, rest, have, at( .) (连词成句 ) ____________________________________________ 一、单项选择 1.B（shouldn't 后接动词原形 ） 2.A（“累了应该休息”，should 表应该 ） 3.A（“在公交车上应该给老人让座”，should 表应该 ） 4.B（should 后接动词原形 ） 5.C（shouldn't 后接动词原形；否定句末 “也” 用 either ） 二、按要求完成下列各题 1.Should I; some; shouldn't（含 should 的句子变一般疑问句，should 提前；希望得到肯定回答时 some 不变；否定回答用 shouldn't ） 2.shouldn't; any（should 变否定直接加 n't；some 变 any ） 3.shouldn't; any（用 should 替换 can't ，否定句中 some 变 any ） 4.What; do（对动作提问用 What，should 后接 do ） 5.shouldn't; late（“应该早去” 即 “不应该晚去” ） 6.My grandma should have a rest at home.（按 “主语 + should + 动词短语 + 地点” 连词成句 ） 知识演练场 一、单项选择题。 1．Mike has a ______. He ______ to see the dentist. (    ) A．headache; goes B．cold; goes C．toothache; goes 2．You have a high fever. Your temperature is ______. (    ) A．102°F B．37°F C．37℃ 3．—Doctor, I have a fever. What shouldn’t I do? (    ) —______ A．Drink warm water. B．Take medicine. C．Eat ice cream. 4．—Hello, Giraffe. ______? (    ) —Look at my neck. It hurts. A．Why are you so happy B．Where do you live C．What’s wrong with you 5．You should ______ dinner first, then ______ the medicine. (    ) A．have; take B．take; have C．eat; have 6．—Look at the little boy. What’s wrong with ______? (    ) —He has a cold. A．he B．him C．his 7．Nancy has a high fever, and her temperature is ________. (    ) A．103°F B．39°F C．36℃ 8．Don’t eat ________ sweet food. It’s bad for your health. (    ) A．too many B．too much C．so many 9．—What’s wrong with ________? (    )   —________ has a toothache. A．him; She B．her; He C．her; She 10．Charlie sits on a bench under a Christmas tree. 哪一个划线部分发音与其余两个不一样？(    ) A．Charlie B．bench C．Christmas 二、词汇运用题。 （A）根据首字母提示完成句子 1．Mike is ill. He goes to the h with his mother. 2．The girl f thirsty and hot. Give her some water, please. 3．You look hungry. Do you have a to eat? 4．—What should I do?  —You should have a r . 5．Su Hai has a toothache. She should go to see the d . （B）用所给词的适当形式填空 1．The boy feels cold. He should (see) the doctor. 2．—What’s wrong with them?   —They (have) a cough. 3．David has a bad toothache. He shouldn’t (eat) too many sweets. 4．I cannot write because my right hand (hurt). 5．Eating too many sweets (be) bad for us. （C）从方框中选择合适的单词完成句子。 A．before     B．because     C．or      D．and     E. shouldn’t    F. fit 1．You watch too much TV, it’s bad for your eyes. 2．This dress doesn’t me, it’s too long. 3．You should brush your teeth bedtime. 4．I don’t have beautiful clothes shoes, I can’t go to the party. 5．Tom doesn’t go to school he is ill. 三、句型转换 1．My brother has a cold. (对划线部分提问) with brother? 2．Take some medicine. (改为否定句) take medicine. 3．I eat a lot of sweets. (改为一般疑问句) you a lot of sweets? 4．She feels thirsty. (改成否定句) She thirsty. 5．He should have a rest at home. (对画线部分提问) should he ? 四、选择合适的句子补全对话，填写序号，有一项是多余的。 A: What’s wrong with you? B: 1 I feel cold. A: Let me check. Your temperature is high. B: 2 A: 3 You should drink some warm water. B: 4 A: No, you can’t. You should stay at home and have a rest. A: Thank you. A．You should take some medicine. B．I have a fever. C．What should I do? D．You can’t go to school. E．Can I go to school? 五、阅读医生给病人的医嘱，根据其内容完成表格填空，每空填写一词。 To Paul: You have a bad cold. That causes(引起) your headache. Don’t worry. Have a rest at home for two days. Drink warm water. You can be fine. To Joe: It’s bad for health(健康) to eat icy food in spring. That’s why you have a stomachache(胃痛). Have warm water, eat warm food and put on warm clothes. Take the medicine today. Tomorrow you will be fine. To Cindy: You eat too much sweet food, so you have a toothache. No eating sweet food! Brush your teeth after each meal. Take some medicine every day. To John: You are so busy and you need to have a lot of rest. Stay in bed. Take some medicine when you feel the backache. Do not go to work for a week. To Vicky: Don’t wear earrings for a week. Your ears hurt. Have another visit next week. Who What 1 How Paul have a headache have a bad cold ●have a 2 at home ●drink warm water. Joe have a stomachache eat 3 food ●keep(保持) 4 ●take the medicine Cindy have a toothache eat too much sweet food ● 5 eat sweet food ●brush teeth ●take some medicine John have a 6 be too busy and 7 ●stay in bed and take some medicine ●don’t work for seven 8 Vicky have an 9 wear earrings ●don’t wear earrings for a week ●have another visit next week 参考答案与解析 一、1．C 【详解】句意：迈克头疼。他去看牙医。本题考查名词辨析。headache头疼，cold感冒，toothache牙疼，后面说看牙医，可知牙疼，故选C。 2．A 【详解】句意：你发高烧了。你的温度为102°F。本题考查常识。102°F(华氏度)等于 38.89°C‌(摄氏度)，符合题意，故选A。 3．C 【详解】句意：医生，我发烧。我不应该做什么？本题考查动词短语。A喝温水。B吃药。C吃冰淇淋。选项C符合题意，故选C。 4．C 【详解】句意：—你好，长颈鹿。______？—看我的脖子。它受伤了。本题考查特殊疑问句。A你为什么很高兴，B你住在哪里，C你怎么了，选项C符合题意，故选C。 5．A 【详解】句意：你应该先吃晚饭，然后吃药。本题考查动词辨析。吃晚饭用have/eat，吃药用take，故选A。 6．B 【详解】句意：—看这个小男孩。他怎么了？—他感冒了。本题考查人称代词。A他，B他，C他的，空处填人称代词宾格him，作with的宾语，故选B。 7．A 【详解】句意：南希发烧了，她的体温是______。本题考查基数词。A 103华氏摄氏度，B 39华氏摄氏度，C 36摄氏度。根据常识，可知103华氏摄氏度相当于39.5摄氏度，符合句意，故选A。 8．B 【详解】句意：不要吃太多甜食。它对你/你们的健康有害。本题考查其他固定搭配。too many太多，so many这么多，用于修饰可数名词复数；too much用于修饰不可数名词。food是不可数名词，故选B。 9．C 【详解】句意：—她怎么了？—她牙疼。本题考查人称代词。根据题干中介词with，可知其后要用宾格人称代词，her她，宾格人称代词。答语缺少主语，主语要用主语人称代词，she她，主语人称代词，句子开头单词首字母大写。选项C符合题意，故选C。 10．C 【详解】句意：查理坐在圣诞树下的长凳上。本题考查辅音字母组合的发音。Charlie和bench划线部分的发音是/tʃ/，Christmas划线部分的发音是/k/，C发音不同，故选C。 二、（A）1．hospital 【详解】句意：迈克病了。他和他的妈妈去______。本题考查名词辨析，根据句意和所给首字母可知是单词hospital医院，故答案为hospital。 2．feels 【详解】句意：女孩感到口渴和热。请给她水。根据句意及首字母可知单词为feel感觉，主语The girl为第三人称单数，动词需用第三人称单数形式，故答案为feels。 3．anything 【详解】句意：你看起来饿了。你有吃的吗？本题考查不定代词用法，根据句意和所给首字母可知是单词anything任何东西，故答案为anything。 4．rest/est 【详解】句意：—我应该做什么？—你应该休息。本题考查动词短语。根据句意及所给字母可知考查have a rest休息，故答案为rest。 5．dentist 【详解】句意：苏海牙疼。她应该去看牙医。本题考查动词短语。根据句意及首字母，可知短语为see the dentist看牙医，故答案为dentist。 （B）1．see 【详解】句意：男孩感觉很冷。他应该看医生。本题考查动词的形式。should后跟动词原形，故答案为see。 2．have 【详解】句意：—他们怎么了？—他们咳嗽。本题考查动词的形式。句子是一般现在时，主语They是第三人称复数，后面的动词用原形，故答案为have。 3．eat 【详解】句意：大卫牙疼得厉害。他不应该吃太多糖果。本题考查动词的形式。根据题干中shouldn’t，可知其后的动词要用原形，eat动词原形。故答案为eat。 4．hurts 【详解】句意：我不能写字，因为我的右手受伤。本题考查动词的形式。句子是一般现在时，主语是my right hand，是单数，所以动词要用第三人称单数形式，hurt变为第三人称单数hurts。 5．is 【详解】句意：吃太多糖果对我们不好。本题考查be动词。句子时态是一般现在时，eating是动词的动名词形式，动名词做主语谓语动词要用单数形式，be动词用is，故答案为is。 （C）1．E 2．F 3．A 4．C 5．B 【解析】1．句意：你不应该看太多电视，对你的眼睛是有害的。根据句意可知单词是shouldn’t不应该，符合句意，故选E。 2．句意：这条裙子不适合我，它太长了。根据句意可知单词是fit适合，符合句意，故选F。 3．句意：你应该在睡觉之前刷牙。根据常识可知睡觉前应该刷牙，before在……之前，符合句意，故选A。 4．句意：我没有漂亮的衣服和鞋子，我不能参加派对。根据句意可知都没有，否定句中表示“和”用连接词or，符合句意，故选C。 5．句意：汤姆没去上学因为他生病了。根据句意可知单词是because因为，符合句意，故选B。 三、1．What’s wrong your 【详解】句意：我哥哥/弟弟感冒了。本题考查句型转换。划线部分是身体情况，用What’s wrong with sb?提问，my变your，故答案为What’s，wrong，your。 2．Don’t any 【详解】原句句意：吃些药。本题考查句型转换。原句是祈使句的肯定形式，改为否定句，在动词前加don’t，some变any，故答案为Don’t，any。 3．Do eat 【详解】原句句意：我吃了很多糖。本题考查句型转换。题干要求改为一般疑问句，原句时态为一般现在时，句中有实义动词eat且主语为I，改为一般疑问句要借助助动词Do，动词要用原形eat，故答案为Do；eat。 4．doesn’t feel 【详解】原句句意：她感觉渴了。本题考查句型转换。句子是陈述句的肯定形式，时态为一般现在时，含有实义动词feels，改为否定句时，在实意动词前加doesn’t，实义动词feels变为动词原形feel，故答案为doesn’t；feel。 5．What do 【详解】原句句意：他应该在家休息。本题考查句型转换。画线部分是所做的事，用what提问，句子开头首字母大写。问句意思为：他应该做什么？根据题干中should，可知其后的动词要用原形，做do，动词原形。故答案为What，do。 四、1．B 2．C 3．A 4．E 【导语】本文是关于看病的对话。 1．上句问：你怎么了？可知这句回答身体状况，选项B“我发烧了。”符合语境，故选B。 2．结合下文，可知这句问应该做什么，选项C“我应该做什么？”符合语境，故选C。 3．结合上句，可知这句回答应该做的事情，选项A“你应该吃些药。”符合语境，故选A。 4．下句说：不，你不能。可知这句是一般疑问句，选项E“我能去上学吗？”符合语境，故选E。 五、1．Why 2．rest 3．icy 4．warm 5．don’t 6．backache 7．tired 8．days 9．earache 【导语】本文主要介绍了医生给几个病人的医嘱。 1．根据“You have a bad cold. That causes(引起) your headache.”可知感冒是引起头疼的原因，第二列列举的是原因，why为什么，符合题意，故答案为Why。 2．根据“Have a rest at home for two days.”可知在家休息两天，故答案为rest。 3．根据“It’s bad for health(健康) to eat icy food in spring.”可知吃凉的食物，故答案为icy。 4．根据“Have warm water, eat warm food and put on warm clothes.”可知保持暖和，故答案为warm。 5．根据“No eating sweet food!”可知辛迪不要吃甜食，eat是动词原形，否定结构用don’t。故答案为don’t。 6．根据“Take some medicine when you feel the backache.”可知约翰背疼，故答案为backache。 7．根据“You are so busy and you need to have a lot of rest.”可知约翰背疼因为太忙太累了，tired形容词，累的，故答案为tired。 8．根据“Do not go to work for a week.”可知约翰一周不要上班，seven days一周，七天，故答案为days。 9．根据“Your ears hurt.”可知维姬耳朵疼，earache名词，耳朵疼，故答案为earache。 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $