Unit1 Time to Relax Section A Grammar Focus课件-2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

该初中英语课件聚焦动词不定式作目的状语和宾语补足语，通过周末活动问答（如“I went to the gym to swim”）导入，先激活学生已知的不定式功能（目的状语、宾语），再系统讲解语法规则（位置、结构、特例），搭建从情境感知到规则应用的学习支架。 其亮点在于语法教学具象化，用“五看三使二听一感觉”口诀归纳感官/使役动词用法，结合chant记忆动词搭配差异，提升学习能力；练习设计梯度分明（4a判断功能、4b填空、4c语篇填空），在真实语境中应用语法，培养语言能力；通过对比“stop to do/doing”等辨析引导逻辑思考，发展思维品质。学生能扎实掌握语法并灵活运用，教师可直接使用结构化资源提升教学效率。

初中英语人教版八年级下册 Time to Time to Relax Relax Unit 1 Section A How do you spend your free time? 第三课时 4a-4c 1. Learning goals Learn new words and phrases: get into, give it a go, kung fu, push, myself, once in a while, chat, outing, go on a outing. 01 Use infinitives to show purpose or provide more information about a sentence’s object. 02 Warming up How did you spend your last weekend? I went to the gym to swim. I watched a film to relax. What is the function of the infinitive in bold? adverbial of purpose (表目的状语) Warming up What are you going to do next weekend? I plan to have a picnic at the park. I decide to clean my room. What is the function of the infinitive in bold? object (作宾语) 动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，没有人称和数的变化，其否定形式是“not to + 动词原形”在句中不能作谓语。 动词不定式可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语等。本单元重点讲动词不定式作目的状语和宾语补足语。 Grammar 动词不定式作目的状语 2.动词不定式(短语)作目的状语时可放在句首，一一般用逗号与后面的内容隔开，也可放在句尾。 1.动词不定式(短语)作目的状语时，通常意为“为了……”，用于说明动作的目的或意图。 动词不定式作目的状语 To get there on time, they started early. =They started early to get there on time. 为了准时赶到那儿，他们很早就出发了。 【特别提醒】 表示目的也可用in order to和so as to，但so as to通常不位于句首。 He reads every day in order to/so as to improve writing skills. 为了提高写作技能，他每天阅读。 动词不定式作宾语补足语 用于补充说明宾语的动作或状态，通常用于某些动词之后，构成“动词+宾语+不定式”结构。 1. 用于“命令、要求、允许 ”类动词后，如 ask、tell、order、require、 allow、permit。 Sam asked me to help him. 萨姆让我帮助他。 The teacher always tells us not to swim in the river. 老师总是叮嘱我们不要在河里游泳。 动词不定式作宾语补足语 2. 用于“ 希望、期望 ”类动词后， 如：want、wish、expect、would like。 Parents want their children to grow up healthily. 父母希望孩子健康成长。 动词不定式作宾语补足语 3. 用于使役动词（如 make、have、let等）和感官动词（ 如 see、watch、 notice、hear、listen to、feel等）后时，动词不定式通常省略 to。 Did you notice her leave the house? 你注意到她离开屋子了吗? I saw her get into the car. 我看见她上了车。 His parents let him sweep the floor. 他父母让他扫地。 notice listen to hear watch 五看 see look at find 三使 let make have 二听 一感觉: feel +sb. do sth. （不带to） 感官动词、使役动词后接不带to的不定式 例如: 1. The teacher lets him ____（read）loudly. 2. The joke makes me_______ （laugh）. 3. I often see him _____（ carry ）water. 4. Do you hear birds _____（ sing）every morning? 注意： carry sing read laugh 动词不定式作宾语补足语 【特别提醒】 动词不定式（短语）在 help 后作宾语补足语时，可带 to也可不带to。 The teachers often help us (to) solve problems. 老师经常帮助我们解决难题。 4. 用于其他动词后，如 teach、warn、invite、encourage等。 Find “to” and guess the meanings. 1. Emma went to sports center to try ice skating. 2. Emma didn’t want to go ice skating again at first. 3. Fu Xing told Emma that no one expected her to be perfect from the start. 4. The instructor told Emma not to give up so easily . 5. Fu Xing used to be scared of water, but he started swimming to get over her fear. 6. Fu Xing encougraged Emma to try ice skating again. 作状语，表目的 作宾语，表具体某事 作宾补，表对宾语补充说明 作宾补 作状语，表目的 作宾补 What do you do in your free time? I play the flute to relax. How did you spend your weekend? I went to the sports centre to ice skate. How did you get into painting? I saw my mother paint. I decided to give it a go. What did your instructor say? She told me not to give up so easily. Adverbial Adverbial Object complement Object complement 4a. Read the sentences. Decide if each infinitive in bold functions as an object complement or adverbial. 15 1.A: Thanks for your advice! It made me__________ (decide) to try skiing. B:You're welcome.Try_________(forget) your fears and have fun! 2.A:My cousin often asks me__________(fly) kites with her when it's windy.  B:That sounds fun! I'd love to watch you_________(fly) kites sometime. 3.A:I love to watch kung fu movies_________(relax). B:Really? When I want___________(relax), I watch animal videos. 4.A: My parents told me ___________(not push) myself too hard. B:Yes, it's important____________ (not forget) to relax once in a while. decide to forget to fly fly to relax to relax not to push not to forget make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 try to do sth. 尝试做某事 ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事 watch sb. do sth.看某人做某事 用动词不定式 “to relax”作目的状语 want to do sth. 想要做某事 tell sb. not to do sth.告诉某人不要做某事 “it's + 形容词 + not to do sth.” 是常用结构 4b. Complete the conversations with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 16 My twin brother and I look alike, but we are so different. I love sport, and I often meet my friends _________ football and tennis. My brother joined us to play football once or twice, but he decided ___________ after that. He doesn't like sport very much! Instead, he likes ______ at home and ________movies, _________to music, and __________ with friends online. Our parents were worried about him staying at home too much. They also wanted us ___________ more time together as a family. So, now they let us ______ our favourite activities on Saturdays, but on Sundays, we go on a family outing together! chat  (not) come   do listen play spend stay watch to play not to come to stay watch listen chat to spend do 用动词不定式 “to play”作目的状语 decide not to do sth.决定不做某事 like to do sth. 喜欢做某事 want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 let sb. do sth.让某人做某事 4c. Complete the passage with the infinitive forms of the verbs in the box. What do you usually do outdoors? 17 动词不定式其它用法 动词不定式可以和what, which, where, when等连用，在句中可作主语、表语和宾语。 When to start is not decided yet. 还没决定什么时候开始。 (作主语) The problem is where to have the party. 问题是去哪办聚会。(作表语) I dont know where to go. 我不知道去哪。(作宾语) 动词不定式其它用法 1. It's time for sth /to do sth… 该干……了 2. It's + adj/n. + (for/of sb.) + to do sth （对某人）做某事是…… 3. sb. think/find/consider it + adj. +to do sth 认为/发觉作某事……怎么样 4. It's better/ the best to do sth. 最好做某事 5. try one's best to do 尽某人最大的努力做…… 6. It's one's turn to do sth. 轮到某人做…… 动词后既可以用to do 也可以用doing CHANT 两个开始更喜欢 (start/begin/prefer) 爱憎分明要继续， (love/like/hate/continue) 后悔停止忘了记，(regret/stop/forget/remember) 努力尝试有打算。 (try/mean) 动词后既可以用to do 也可以用doing start/begin start/begin to do start/begin doing sth 开始做...... prefer prefer to do prefer doing sth 更喜欢做...... love/ like like/love to do like/love doing sth 喜欢做...... 动词后既可以用to do 也可以用doing hate hate to do hate doing sth 讨厌做...... continue continue to do continue doing sth 继续做...... 动词后既可以用to do 也可以用doing regret regret to do sth regret doing sth 遗憾要做...(未做) stop stop to do sth stop doing sth 停下来做......(未做) 后悔做过...(已做) eg: My grandfather regrets to visit Beijing.(遗憾没有去过。) I regret telling you the news.(后悔告诉对方这个消息) 意思不同 注意辨析 停止做......(已做) eg:I stop to sing .(还没开始唱。) The little baby stopped crying.(已经哭过了。) 动词后既可以用to do 也可以用doing remember remember to do sth remember doing sth 记得去做...(未做) forget forget to do sth forget doing sth 忘记去做......(未做) 记得做过...(已做) eg: I remember to tell him the news.(没有告诉。) I remember seeing her once.(记得见过她。) 意思不同 注意辨析 忘记做过......(已做) eg:I forget to do my homework .(作业没做。) Jenny’s grandmother forgets closing the window.(已经关了。) 动词后既可以用to do 也可以用doing try try to do sth try doing sth 努力做...... mean mean to do sth mean doing sth 打算做...... 尝试做... eg: I am always trying to learn English.(我一直努力学习英语。) Marry starts to try cooking.(玛丽开始尝试做饭。) 意思不同 注意辨析 意味着...... eg:We mean to call on you tomorrow .(我们打算明天去看你。) Success means working hard.(成果意味着努力工作。) 我哥哥告诉我不要放弃这个计划。 她去公园放松她自己。 我妈妈让我去买一些水果。 我想要观看一部有趣的电影。 My brother told me not to give up this plan. She went to the park to relax herself. My mum asked me to buy some fruits. I want to watch an interesting movie. Translation 26 $