专题13 宾语从句 （复习讲义）（福建专用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测
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专题13 宾语从句
目录
考情剖析·命题前瞻 1
思维导图·网络构建 2
考点通关·靶向突破 2
考点一 宾语从句的定义、结构和分类 2
考点二 宾语从句的引导词 3
考点三 宾语从句的时态 10
考点四 宾语从句的语序 13
考点五 宾语从句的否定转移和特殊用法 16
优题精选·练能提分 17
考点
课标要求
复习目标
宾语从句
1.能够准确理解和运用宾语从句的基本用法。
2. 能够在句子中正确使用宾语从句。
复习中考对于宾语从句的讲解和练习，主要包括引导词、时态、语序。这些内容在中考中经常以选择题、填空题的形式出现
易混点辨析
不同宾语从句引导词、时态、语序辨析
命题预测
主要有以下命题角度：宾语从句
主要在单项选择、完形填空、看图写话和语法填空中考查。
考点一 宾语从句的定义、结构和分类
1.定义：在复合句中作宾语成分的从句是宾语从句。
I think everybody likes cookies. 我认为每个人都喜欢饼干。
2.结构：主句 + 引导词 + 从句(陈述句语序：主+谓+其他)
3.分类：
（1）按宾从前面的单词词性分：
① 动词宾语从句 I think everybody likes cookies. 我认为每个人都喜欢饼干。
② 介词宾语从句 I agree with what you said just now. 我同意你刚才说的。
③ 形容词宾语从句 (sure, glad, sorry, happy, afraid) I’m afraid I can’t afford it. 我恐怕我支付不起。
（2）按引导宾从的连词分：
① 由that引导。that只有语法作用，没有实际的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. 他说他想待在家里。
She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. 她不知道她病的很严重。
I am sure (that) he will succeed. 我确定他会成功。
② 由if或whether引导。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。
I want to know if (whether) he lives there. 我想知道他是否住在那里。
He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 他问我是否能帮助他。
③ 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? 你知道他们在等谁吗？
He asked whose handwriting was the best. 他问谁的手写是最好的。
Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? 你能告诉我三号公交站在哪吗？
I don’t know why the train is late. 我不知道为什么火车晚点了。
考点二 宾语从句的引导词
（一）that引导
that 是宾语从句的一个引导词，放在主句和从句之间。它引导的宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，故从句的语序不变。在that 引导的宾语从句中，that 作连接代词，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中通常可以省略。
1.位置：that 引导的宾语从句通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）、介词或形容词之后。
（1）作及物动词，如：say，think，tell，know，hear，see，hope，wish，remember，forget等的宾语。
She says that she will help me learn English this evening. 她说今天晚上她会帮我学英语。
（2）作介词的宾语：连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except，but，in之后。
He is a good boy except that he is careless. 他是一个好男孩，只是有点儿粗心。
（3）作＂be + 形容词＂结构的宾语。某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，如：sure，glad，certain，pleased，sorry，happy，afraid等，连词that可省略。
I’m happy (that) I passed the exam. 我很高兴我通过了考试。
2.时态：主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据具体情况选用适当的时态；主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句中也必须用过去的某种时态。
He says that he wants to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。
He said that he wanted to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。
【特别提醒】
当主句是一般过去时，而宾语从句的内容表示的是客观真理、事实、科学原理、自然现象、名言警句、格言、谚语等时，此时宾语从句用一般现在时，这些情况下不受主句时态的限制。
The teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun. 老师告诉我们地球围绕着太阳转。
3.引导词that可以省略的几种情况：
She said (that) she would come to the meeting. 她说过要来开会的。
I promise you (that) I will be there. 我答应你我会去的。
I hoped (that) I would / should succeed. 我曾希望我会成功。
He thinks (that) they will give him a visa. 他想他们会给他签证。
He thought (that) they would give him a visa. 他本想他们会给他签证。
I expect (that) the plane will be diverted. 我料想飞机会改变航线。
【注意】有时为了强调，that引导的宾语从句可位于句首，此时that不可省略。
That she is a good girl I know. 她是一个好姑娘，我是知道的。
4.引导词that不能省略的几种情况：
① 从句的主语是that时，that不能省略。
We know that is an interesting film. 我们知道那是一部有趣的电影。
② and连接的两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时，有时省去第一个从句的连词that，但第二个从句的连词that一般不可以省略。
He told me (that) they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice. 他告诉我他们决定不了去做什么并且问了我的意见。
③ that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。
I know nothing about him except that he is from the south. 对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。
5. 如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。
We thought it strange that Xiao Zhang did not come yesterday. 小张昨天没来，我们觉得很奇怪。
6. 宾语从句的否定转移。
在think，believe，suppose，expect等动词后的宾语从句，当主句的主语是第一人称时，谓语尽管是否定的意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式，英语称这种现象为否定转移。
①我认为今晚他不能来。 【误】I think he can’t come this evening.
【正】I don’t think he can come this evening.
②他认为我们现在不在教室里。 【误】He doesn’t think we are in the classroom now.
【正】He thinks we are not in the classroom now.
【特别警示】含有＂否定转移＂现象的句子，主句的主语必须是第一人称，此时，变成反意疑问句，附加问句要由从句来决定；如果主句的主语是其他人称，附加问句要由主句来决定。
I don’t think he is right, is he? 我认为他不对，是吗？
He thinks I can come, doesn’t he? 他认为我能来，是不是？
7. 如果宾语从句中含有否定意义的副词或形容词。如：hardly，never，seldom，no，few，little等，其反意疑问句要用肯定形式。
We find that he seldom goes to visit his mother, does he? 我们发现他不常看望他的妈妈，是吗？
8. that引导的宾语从句变成被动语态时，只变主句，不变从句。实际上，我们经常把It is said that ...（据说……）；It is known that ...（众所周知……）；It is reported that ...（据报告……）等当作固定句式来运用。
It is said that he is from Canada. 据说他来自加拿大。
（二）if/whether引导
当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，常用if或whether引导宾语从句，if/whether意为“是否”。说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在see，ask，say，learn，tell，wonder，doubt，find out，be uncertain /doubtful / be not known 等后，二者通常可以互换。口语中多用if代替whether。在非正式的写作中，可以使用if 或 whether 两个词来表达不定性，两者都算标准。
I wonder if / whether he is a driver. 我想知道他是不是个司机。
Alice wants to know if / whether she has passed the exam. 爱丽丝想知道她是否考试及格了。
Lily asked if / whether she liked it. 莉莉问她是否喜欢它。
I want to know if / whether) he lives there. 我想知道他是否住在这儿。
He asked me whether / if I could help him. 他问我是否可以帮助他。
【易错警示】只能用whether的情况：
（1）与 or 连用分别引导两个从句时，或强调两方面的选择, 特别是句中有or not时用whether，不用if。
I don’t know whether or not they will come. 我不知道他们是否会来。
I don’t know whether he is wrong or she is wrong. 我不知道他是对的还是她是对的。
Let me know whether you can come or not. 让我知道你是否能来。
I don’t know whether he will win or not. 我不知道他是否会赢。
I will write to you whether or not I can come / whether I can come or not. 我能不能来我都会写信给你。
（2）在动词不定式之前只能用whether。
He doesn’t know whether to go or not. 他不知道是否会去。
Please tell us whether to go there or stay here. 请告诉我们是去那里还是待在这里。
Whether to go or stay is still a question. 走或留仍然是个问题。
I’m not sure whether to stay or leave. 我不确定要待着还是离开。
I didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry. 我不知道该笑还是哭。
（3）在介词之后只能用whether引导宾语从句，而If则不能。
It depends on whether I have enough time. 那取决于我是否有足够的时间。
Success depends on whether we make enough effort. 成功取决于我们是否足够努力。
I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll go back home. 我还没有解决我是否会回家的问题。
It depends on whether the letter arrives in time.它取决于信件是否及时到达。
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. 我担心我是否伤害了她的感情。
（4）宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，用whether，不用if。
Whether this is true, I can’t say. 这是否真实，我不能说。
Whether he is single, I don’t know. 他是否单身，我不知道。
（5）在某些动词（如discuss，decide）之后，只能用whether，而不用if引导宾语从句。
We discussed whether we should close the shop.（虚拟语气） 我们讨论了我们是否应该关店。
We discussed whether we should go there by plane.（虚拟语气） 我们讨论了我们是否应该坐飞机去那。
We discussed whether we should hold a meeting.（虚拟语气） 我们讨论了我们是否应该开一个会。
（6）在引导否定概念宾语从句时，只能用if，而不用whether。
He asked me if I hadn’t finished my work. 他问我是否完成了我的工作。
【注意】doubt否定句用that引导。因为don’t doubt 意为相信，不怀疑，if是否表示疑虑。
（三）特殊疑问词引导
特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，由疑问词 when, who, what, where, whatever, how，which, why等引导。宾语从句的词序一律用陈述句的词序，即“主语 + 谓语”词序。
1.带有系动词be（is/am/are/was/were) 的特殊疑问句作宾语从句。
How ld is Liz? 利兹几岁了？
Do you know how old Liz is? 你知道利兹几岁吗?
I know how old Liz is? 我知道利兹几岁。
2.带有情态动词（have/has/can/should）等特殊疑问句作宾语从句。
What should I do? 我该怎么办？
→ Can you tell me what I should do? 你能告诉我，我该怎么办吗？
→ Please tell me what I should do. 请告诉我，我该怎么办。
Where has Ron gone? 朗去了哪里？
→ Do you know where Ron has gone? 你知道朗去了哪里吗？
→ I don’t know where Ron has gone. 我不知道朗去了哪里。
3.带有助动词do/does/did的特殊疑问句作宾语从句。
Where did I put my wedding ring? 我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了？
→ Do you know where I put my wedding ring? 你知道我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了吗？
→ I don’t remember where I put my wedding ring. 我不记得我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了。
What does Sue think about Lulu? 苏对露露的看法是什么？
→ Do you know what Sue thinks about Lulu? 你知道苏对露露的看法是什么吗？
→ I know what Sue thinks about Lulu. 我知道苏对露露的看法是什么。
【注意】
（1）由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。请看下列两组句子：
How much does this coat cost? → I want to know how much this coat costs.
这件外套多少钱？ → 我想知道这件外套多少钱。
Where did you go yesterday? → Please tell me where you went yesterday.
你昨天去哪了？ → 请告诉我昨天你去哪了。
（2）当疑问代词what、who在特殊疑问句中作主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来作宾语时，语序不需要调整。
What’s wrong with you? 怎么了？
→ He asked the girl what was wrong with her. 他问这个女孩她怎么了。
What’s the matter? 怎么了？
→ He asked the girl what was the matter. 他问这个女孩她怎么了。
What has happened to him? 他发生了什么？
→ We want to know what has happened to him. 我们想知道他发生了什么。
1．（2025·福建泉州·模拟预测）—What a lovely toy car it is! I want to know ________.
—From a store in the old town in Beijing.
A．when you bought it B．how you got it C．where you got it
2．（2025·福建福州·三模）—I wonder ________.
—You should avoid looking at the phone screen for a long time first.
A．what can I do to protect my eyes
B．why I should protect my eyes
C．how I can protect my eyes
3．（2025·福建厦门·二模）The saying “Knowledge starts with practice” tells us ________.
A．what is knowledge
B．how we get knowledge
C．when we start practicing
4．（2025·福建南平·一模）—Do you know ________?
—Next Friday.
A． how would the sports meeting start
B． when the sports meeting will start
C．when will the sports meeting start
5．（2025·福建福州·三模）—AI is developing fast. I’m wondering ________.
—I think it will replace lots of jobs.
A．how AI will change our lives B．why AI changed our lives C．what will AI change our lives
6．（2025·福建南平·二模）— Can you tell me ________?
— Sure. I usually give some books to a village library.
A．when you celebrate World Book Day
B．what you do to celebrate World Book Day
C．how you celebrate World Book Day
7．（2025·福建福州·三模）—Could you tell me ________ these days?
—In order to prepare for the coming Senior High School Entrance Exam.
A．what is he worried about
B．whether he is able to pass the exam
C．why he stays up so late
8．（2025·福建福州·三模）—Could you tell me ________?
—Sure, in the school hall.
A．when the graduation ceremony will be on
B．where we will have the graduation ceremony
C．whether we will have a graduation ceremony
9．（2025·福建莆田·模拟预测）—Do you know ______?
—By using new electronic technology.
A．how the satellite works B．when the satellite lands C．where the satellite stays
10．（2025·福建泉州·二模）—Tim, Boonie Bears: Time Twist has come out. Would you mind telling me ______?
—Certainly not. Vick (光头强) is.
A．whether I can buy the ticket B．what the movie is about C．who is your favorite character
考点三 宾语从句的时态
1.如果主句是现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。
I remember he gave me a book yesterday. 我记得他昨天给了我一本书。
He has told me that he’ll leave for New York tomorrow. 他告诉我他明天要去纽约。
I don’t think (that) you are right. 我认为你不对。
Please tell us where he is. 请告诉我们他在哪里。
Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station? 你能告诉我怎么去火车站吗？
2.如果主句是过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。
He told me that he would take part in the high jump. 他告诉我他将参加跳高比赛。
He asked what time it was. 他问现在几点了。
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet. 他告诉我他正在为运动会做准备。
He asked if you had written to Peter. 他问你有没有给彼得写信。
He said that he would go back to the US soon. 他说他很快就会回美国。
3.如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. 我们的老师说一月是一年的第一个月。
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun. 科学家已经证明地球绕着太阳转。
He told me that the earth is round. 他告诉我地球是圆的。
1．（2024·福建福州·模拟预测）—We don’t know if it _________ tomorrow.
—If it _________, we’ll go for a picnic.
A．will ran; won’t rain B．rains; doesn’t rain C．will rain; doesn’t rain
2．（2024·福建福州·二模）—Could you tell me ________?
—I’m going to take a trip to Harbin with my friends.
A．what are you going to do during your summer vacation
B．where you spent your summer vacation
C．how you are going to spend your summer vacation
3．（22-23八年级上·福建福州·期末）—I wonder if he ________ to the museum tomorrow.
—If it ________, he won’t go.
A．will go；will rain B．will go；rains C．goes；will rain
4．（2023·福建莆田·模拟预测）—Will Tony go skiing with us this Saturday?
—Sorry, I don’t know if he ________. But I know he ________ interest in sports.
A．will go; is B．goes; has no C．will go; has no
5．（2023·福建泉州·三模）—Ms.Jackson wonders ________ just now.
—AI may be a threat for humans in the future.
A．what did they talk about
B．why they talk about it
C．what they talked about
6．（2023·福建泉州·二模）—Tom, could you tell me ________ New York?
—Sure. Last Monday.
A．when Mr. White will leave
B．when Mr. Smith left
C．when did Mr. Smith leave
7．（2022·福建福州·二模）—Could you tell me ________ just now?
—Putting an end to wasting food.
A．what students talk about B．what students talked about C．which did students talk about
8．（2022·福建厦门·模拟预测）—Mum, can you tell me ________? I dreamed of him last night.
—Next week. You are going to be with him soon.
A．where my dad will go B．when my dad came back C．when my dad will come back
9．（2022·福建福州·模拟预测）—Susan, could you please tell me ________?
—Yes, with pleasure.
A．when the custom of the Lantern festival starts in China
B．whether we could go outing during the coming May Day holiday
C．how many trees were planted on this year's Tree Planting Day
20．（2022·福建南平·模拟预测）—What did your father say to you just now?
—He asked me ________.
A． that I would like to see a movie
B． if I enjoyed myself at the party
C．where I will spend my holiday
【答案】B
考点四 宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序，即按照主语+谓语的顺序。
1.陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。
He is an honest boy. The teacher said. → The teacher said(that) he was an honest boy.
他是一个诚实的男孩，老师说。→ 老师说他是个诚实的男孩。
2.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。
Does he work hard? I wonder. → I wonder if/whether he works hard.
他工作努力吗？我想知道。→ 我想知道他工作是否努力。
21．（2025·福建福州·三模）—I am not sure ________.
—Let’s call her and ask her about it.
A．whether she likes the movie B．when will she come back C．where does she live
22．（2025·福建福州·模拟预测）—Could you tell me ________ “the Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines”?
—Because he made great contributions to China’s nuclear submarines (核潜艇) career.
A．when was Huang Xuhua called
B．why is Huang Xuhua called
C．why Huang Xuhua is called
23．（2025·福建三明·三模）—Do you know that Simon bought a robot dog yesterday?
—Yes! It is said a robot dog can do many things. I wonder ________.
A．whether can the robot dog climb a hill
B．how long will the robot dog’s batteries last for
C．if the robot dog can avoid danger
24．（2025·福建厦门·二模）—I wonder ________.
—You should avoid looking at the phone screen for a long time first.
A．how can I protect my eyes B．why I should protect my eyes C．how I can protect my eyes
25．（2025·福建泉州·模拟预测）—Many students did well in this exam. I wonder ________.
—Through their hard work.
A．why did they get a success B．whether they tried their best C．how they made it finally
26．（2025·福建福州·二模）—I want to know ________.
—It offers many resources and makes life more convenient.
A．how can DeepSeek help us B．what DeepSeek can do for us C．why DeepSeek has many resources
27．（2024·福建福州·模拟预测）—I wonder________, Daisy.
—I traveled along the Silk Road and visited many cities.
A．who you traveled with in the holiday
B．how you spent your summer holiday
C．where did you go during the holiday
28．（2025九年级·四川成都·专题练习）The idiom (成语) “Time and tide wait for no man” tells us ________.
A．how can we achieve success
B．what people do for their goals
C．why we should value the time
29．（24-25九年级下·福建厦门·期中）—Your teacher has set up a WeChat group. Could you tell me ________?
—The group makes it more convenient to share information.
A．why did he set it up B．how he set it up C．what it is used for
30．（2024·福建福州·模拟预测）—I wonder _________.
—It can open the door without keys.
A．what can AI lock do B．how does AI lock work C．why AI lock is popular
考点五 宾语从句的否定转移和特殊用法
1.宾语从句的否定前置
think , believe , suppose, consider, imagine等动词后的宾语从句如果是否定句，一般要将否定词not转移至主句谓语上，而将从句谓语改为肯定形式。否定前置的前提是：主句主语是第一人称，时态为一般现在时。
I think. + He has no time to play with the girl. → I don’t think he has time to play with the girl.
我认为他没时间和这个女孩玩。
She thinks. + She can’t arrive here on time. → She thinks she can’t arrive here on time. 她认为她不能按时到这。
2.宾语从句变反意疑问句
在由宾语从句作为陈述部分的反意疑问句中，“动词/主语看从句，肯定否定看主句”。此类宾语从句常用动词有think, believe, suppose, consider等。
I thought it was late, wasn’t it? 我认为很晚了，不是吗？
I don't think he will come, will he？ 我认为他不会来了，不是吗？
3.宾语从句的转化
（1）当主句谓语动词是hope, wish, decide, forget, plan, agree等，且主句与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构（动词+to do）。
She agreed that she could help me with my maths. → She agreed to help me with my maths.
她认同她能帮我数学。
（2）当主句谓语动词是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语，且主句与从句主语相同时，从句可以简化成“疑问词+不定式结构”。
I don't know which sweater I should buy. → I don't know which sweater to buy.
我不知道我应该买哪件毛衣。
（3）当主句谓语动词是ask, tell, show, teach，宾语从句由代词/副词引导，从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，从句可简化为“连接代词/副词+不定式”结构。
Could you tell me how I can get to the park? → Could you tell me how to get to the park?
你能告诉我我能如何去到公园吗？
（4）当主句谓语动词是find, see, watch, hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语+宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。
She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. → She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.
她发现钱包落在地面上。
一．单项选择
1．（2025·福建·中考真题）—Could you tell me ________?
—This Sunday morning.
A．when we will do volunteer work in the community
B．which community we will do volunteer work in
C．who will do volunteer work in the community
2．（2024·福建·中考真题）—Do you know ________?
—Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu, all born in the 1980s.
A．how the Shenzhou XVIII entered space
B．when the Shenzhou XVIII entered space
C．who entered space in the Shenzhou XVⅢ
3．（2023·福建·中考真题）—Would you please tell me ________?
—By keeping a diary every day.
A．why you want to study English
B．who you often speak English with
C．how you improve your English writing
4．（2022·福建·中考真题）—Could you tell me ________?
—In Fuzhou University.
A．when your brother will start
B．what your brother looks like
C．where your brother is studying
5．（2021·福建·中考真题）— Do you know ________ ?
— Sure. On May 15th.
A．where China’s Tianwen-1 probe landed
B．how China’s Tianwen-l probe landed on Mars
C．when China’s Tianwen-l probe landed on Mars
6．（2020·福建·中考真题）— Could you tell me ________?
— Throwing off poverty（脱贫）.
A．who people often talk about this year
B．what people often talk about this year
C．which do people often talk about this year
7．（2025·福建南平·二模）The wise saying “When I walk along with two others, I may be able to learn from them.” tells us ________.
A．how we treat others B．who we can learn from C．where we can learn
8．（2025·福建泉州·二模）—Could you tell me ________ the coming singing competition?
—Sure, you can start by watching lots of videos online.
A．who will take part in B．how I can prepare for C．where I can watch
9．（2025·福建莆田·二模）—Could you tell me ________?
—It helps me a lot in learning new skills.
A．how you use Deepseek
B．when you need Deepseek
C．why you like to use Deepseek
10．（2025·福建厦门·二模）—Could you please tell me ________?
—It was held at Minnan Art Concert Hall.
A．when the famous concert was held
B．where the concert took place in April
C．which is the most famous piece of the pianist
11．（2025·福建三明·二模）Judy doesn’t want to go to the concert by herself, but she has no idea ________.
A．when the concert will start B．how she will go the concert C．who would like to go with her
12．（2025·福建宁德·模拟预测）—I wonder ______, Jack.
—I’m building a Lego Nezha.
A．what you are doing B．where you are going C．who you are talking to
13．（2025·福建福州·模拟预测）—Kate, do you know ________?
—To welcome the New Year.
A．when we’ll have the English party
B．why we’ll have the English party
C．where we’ll have the English party
14．（2025·福建泉州·模拟预测）—What a beautiful electric car! Can you tell me ________?
—Sure. It is BYD-Build Your Dreams, which is made in China.
A．who made it B．when it was made C．where it was made
15．（2025·福建厦门·二模）—Do you know ________?
—We can try to recycle and reuse things.
A．why we can live a green life B．how we can live a green life C．when we can live a green life
二．语法填空
（1）
（2024·福建厦门·二模）阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或单词提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Jin Ying, 25, is a lover of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). She took part in a three-month training course on acupuncture and tuina (针灸推拿) 1 2023 at Beijing University of Chinese Medicine.
Jin’s life has been different since the training. She 2 (change) her life habits after learning the Five Elements theory (五行学说). For example, she avoided sweating too much during exercise in winter 3 the cold of winter means people should slow down, according to TCM. For 4 (she), learning these skills and theories was not about becoming a TCM doctor but rather about choosing a new lifestyle.
She is not an 5 (usual) example of young people becoming interested in TCM. A survey by China Youth Daily showed that 93.3 percent of the 1,000 young people 6 took part had tried different TCM treatments.
“I have seen 7 (many) young people come to me for neck and back pains than before,” said Ma Huifang, a TCM doctor at Guoyitang.
Between Western medicine and TCM, young people now prefer TCM for its efficacy (疗效). But some people question why TCM treats the same illnesses with different prescriptions. “This is actually 8 advantage of TCM, rather than a shortcoming, as it can be a accurate (精准的) treatment for different 9 (patient),” Ma explained.
Younger age groups are choosing TCM, and at the same time, TCM is also helping young people. As Jin noted, “It helps young people understand Chinese medicine and learn why it is 10 (believe) to be a treasure of our Chinese culture.”
（2）
（2024·福建厦门·二模）阅读下面短文，根据语境和所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Riverside Scene at the Qingming Festival is a famous painting on ancient Chinese customs in the Northern Dynasty (960 AD—1127 AD). Known 1 one of the “Top Ten Famous Chinese Paintings of Ancient China”, it describes the life and landscape (风景) of the capital city Dongjing (now Kaifeng) and the scenes along the banks of the Bianhe River.
The painting, made of silk, is 24, 8 centimeters 2 and 528,7 centimeters long. It is said that there are 587 characters, more than 60 heads of livestock (牲畜), more than 20 3 (wood) boats and more than 30 houses. Unfolding it, what catches eyes is the early spring scenery in the countryside: the trees and the streams. Two people are 4 (drive) the donkeys forward along the village road. Among the villages, some travellers hurry on their way on foot and some on horseback. At the end of the quiet country road comes the middle part. A bridge 5 (cross) the Bianhe River. Several ships are sailing on the river under the bridge. The boatmen are busy 6 (perform) their duties. On the banks 7 many teahouses, restaurants and stalls (摊位) . The last part is the downtown street of Dongjing with a tall city tower in 8 (it) center. There is all the business you expect to find such as restaurants, butcher shops (肉铺), jewelry 9 (store), drugstores and so on.
Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival vividly shows the 10 (achieve) of business, handicrafts, architecture, transportation and customs in the Northern Dynasty, which provides valuable historic materials for future generations to understand and study the economic and social life in that period.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司
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专题13 宾语从句
目录
考情剖析·命题前瞻 1
思维导图·网络构建 2
考点通关·靶向突破 2
考点一 宾语从句的定义、结构和分类 2
考点二 宾语从句的引导词 3
考点三 宾语从句的时态 10
考点四 宾语从句的语序 13
考点五 宾语从句的否定转移和特殊用法 16
优题精选·练能提分 17
考点
课标要求
复习目标
宾语从句
1.能够准确理解和运用宾语从句的基本用法。
2. 能够在句子中正确使用宾语从句。
复习中考对于宾语从句的讲解和练习，主要包括引导词、时态、语序。这些内容在中考中经常以选择题、填空题的形式出现
易混点辨析
不同宾语从句引导词、时态、语序辨析
命题预测
主要有以下命题角度：宾语从句
主要在单项选择、完形填空、看图写话和语法填空中考查。
考点一 宾语从句的定义、结构和分类
1.定义：在复合句中作宾语成分的从句是宾语从句。
I think everybody likes cookies. 我认为每个人都喜欢饼干。
2.结构：主句 + 引导词 + 从句(陈述句语序：主+谓+其他)
3.分类：
（1）按宾从前面的单词词性分：
① 动词宾语从句 I think everybody likes cookies. 我认为每个人都喜欢饼干。
② 介词宾语从句 I agree with what you said just now. 我同意你刚才说的。
③ 形容词宾语从句 (sure, glad, sorry, happy, afraid) I’m afraid I can’t afford it. 我恐怕我支付不起。
（2）按引导宾从的连词分：
① 由that引导。that只有语法作用，没有实际的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. 他说他想待在家里。
She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. 她不知道她病的很严重。
I am sure (that) he will succeed. 我确定他会成功。
② 由if或whether引导。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。
I want to know if (whether) he lives there. 我想知道他是否住在那里。
He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 他问我是否能帮助他。
③ 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? 你知道他们在等谁吗？
He asked whose handwriting was the best. 他问谁的手写是最好的。
Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? 你能告诉我三号公交站在哪吗？
I don’t know why the train is late. 我不知道为什么火车晚点了。
考点二 宾语从句的引导词
（一）that引导
that 是宾语从句的一个引导词，放在主句和从句之间。它引导的宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，故从句的语序不变。在that 引导的宾语从句中，that 作连接代词，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中通常可以省略。
1.位置：that 引导的宾语从句通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）、介词或形容词之后。
（1）作及物动词，如：say，think，tell，know，hear，see，hope，wish，remember，forget等的宾语。
She says that she will help me learn English this evening. 她说今天晚上她会帮我学英语。
（2）作介词的宾语：连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except，but，in之后。
He is a good boy except that he is careless. 他是一个好男孩，只是有点儿粗心。
（3）作＂be + 形容词＂结构的宾语。某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，如：sure，glad，certain，pleased，sorry，happy，afraid等，连词that可省略。
I’m happy (that) I passed the exam. 我很高兴我通过了考试。
2.时态：主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据具体情况选用适当的时态；主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句中也必须用过去的某种时态。
He says that he wants to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。
He said that he wanted to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。
【特别提醒】
当主句是一般过去时，而宾语从句的内容表示的是客观真理、事实、科学原理、自然现象、名言警句、格言、谚语等时，此时宾语从句用一般现在时，这些情况下不受主句时态的限制。
The teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun. 老师告诉我们地球围绕着太阳转。
3.引导词that可以省略的几种情况：
She said (that) she would come to the meeting. 她说过要来开会的。
I promise you (that) I will be there. 我答应你我会去的。
I hoped (that) I would / should succeed. 我曾希望我会成功。
He thinks (that) they will give him a visa. 他想他们会给他签证。
He thought (that) they would give him a visa. 他本想他们会给他签证。
I expect (that) the plane will be diverted. 我料想飞机会改变航线。
【注意】有时为了强调，that引导的宾语从句可位于句首，此时that不可省略。
That she is a good girl I know. 她是一个好姑娘，我是知道的。
4.引导词that不能省略的几种情况：
① 从句的主语是that时，that不能省略。
We know that is an interesting film. 我们知道那是一部有趣的电影。
② and连接的两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时，有时省去第一个从句的连词that，但第二个从句的连词that一般不可以省略。
He told me (that) they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice. 他告诉我他们决定不了去做什么并且问了我的意见。
③ that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。
I know nothing about him except that he is from the south. 对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。
5. 如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。
We thought it strange that Xiao Zhang did not come yesterday. 小张昨天没来，我们觉得很奇怪。
6. 宾语从句的否定转移。
在think，believe，suppose，expect等动词后的宾语从句，当主句的主语是第一人称时，谓语尽管是否定的意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式，英语称这种现象为否定转移。
①我认为今晚他不能来。 【误】I think he can’t come this evening.
【正】I don’t think he can come this evening.
②他认为我们现在不在教室里。 【误】He doesn’t think we are in the classroom now.
【正】He thinks we are not in the classroom now.
【特别警示】含有＂否定转移＂现象的句子，主句的主语必须是第一人称，此时，变成反意疑问句，附加问句要由从句来决定；如果主句的主语是其他人称，附加问句要由主句来决定。
I don’t think he is right, is he? 我认为他不对，是吗？
He thinks I can come, doesn’t he? 他认为我能来，是不是？
7. 如果宾语从句中含有否定意义的副词或形容词。如：hardly，never，seldom，no，few，little等，其反意疑问句要用肯定形式。
We find that he seldom goes to visit his mother, does he? 我们发现他不常看望他的妈妈，是吗？
8. that引导的宾语从句变成被动语态时，只变主句，不变从句。实际上，我们经常把It is said that ...（据说……）；It is known that ...（众所周知……）；It is reported that ...（据报告……）等当作固定句式来运用。
It is said that he is from Canada. 据说他来自加拿大。
（二）if/whether引导
当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，常用if或whether引导宾语从句，if/whether意为“是否”。说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在see，ask，say，learn，tell，wonder，doubt，find out，be uncertain /doubtful / be not known 等后，二者通常可以互换。口语中多用if代替whether。在非正式的写作中，可以使用if 或 whether 两个词来表达不定性，两者都算标准。
I wonder if / whether he is a driver. 我想知道他是不是个司机。
Alice wants to know if / whether she has passed the exam. 爱丽丝想知道她是否考试及格了。
Lily asked if / whether she liked it. 莉莉问她是否喜欢它。
I want to know if / whether) he lives there. 我想知道他是否住在这儿。
He asked me whether / if I could help him. 他问我是否可以帮助他。
【易错警示】只能用whether的情况：
（1）与 or 连用分别引导两个从句时，或强调两方面的选择, 特别是句中有or not时用whether，不用if。
I don’t know whether or not they will come. 我不知道他们是否会来。
I don’t know whether he is wrong or she is wrong. 我不知道他是对的还是她是对的。
Let me know whether you can come or not. 让我知道你是否能来。
I don’t know whether he will win or not. 我不知道他是否会赢。
I will write to you whether or not I can come / whether I can come or not. 我能不能来我都会写信给你。
（2）在动词不定式之前只能用whether。
He doesn’t know whether to go or not. 他不知道是否会去。
Please tell us whether to go there or stay here. 请告诉我们是去那里还是待在这里。
Whether to go or stay is still a question. 走或留仍然是个问题。
I’m not sure whether to stay or leave. 我不确定要待着还是离开。
I didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry. 我不知道该笑还是哭。
（3）在介词之后只能用whether引导宾语从句，而If则不能。
It depends on whether I have enough time. 那取决于我是否有足够的时间。
Success depends on whether we make enough effort. 成功取决于我们是否足够努力。
I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll go back home. 我还没有解决我是否会回家的问题。
It depends on whether the letter arrives in time.它取决于信件是否及时到达。
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. 我担心我是否伤害了她的感情。
（4）宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，用whether，不用if。
Whether this is true, I can’t say. 这是否真实，我不能说。
Whether he is single, I don’t know. 他是否单身，我不知道。
（5）在某些动词（如discuss，decide）之后，只能用whether，而不用if引导宾语从句。
We discussed whether we should close the shop.（虚拟语气） 我们讨论了我们是否应该关店。
We discussed whether we should go there by plane.（虚拟语气） 我们讨论了我们是否应该坐飞机去那。
We discussed whether we should hold a meeting.（虚拟语气） 我们讨论了我们是否应该开一个会。
（6）在引导否定概念宾语从句时，只能用if，而不用whether。
He asked me if I hadn’t finished my work. 他问我是否完成了我的工作。
【注意】doubt否定句用that引导。因为don’t doubt 意为相信，不怀疑，if是否表示疑虑。
（三）特殊疑问词引导
特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，由疑问词 when, who, what, where, whatever, how，which, why等引导。宾语从句的词序一律用陈述句的词序，即“主语 + 谓语”词序。
1.带有系动词be（is/am/are/was/were) 的特殊疑问句作宾语从句。
How ld is Liz? 利兹几岁了？
Do you know how old Liz is? 你知道利兹几岁吗?
I know how old Liz is? 我知道利兹几岁。
2.带有情态动词（have/has/can/should）等特殊疑问句作宾语从句。
What should I do? 我该怎么办？
→ Can you tell me what I should do? 你能告诉我，我该怎么办吗？
→ Please tell me what I should do. 请告诉我，我该怎么办。
Where has Ron gone? 朗去了哪里？
→ Do you know where Ron has gone? 你知道朗去了哪里吗？
→ I don’t know where Ron has gone. 我不知道朗去了哪里。
3.带有助动词do/does/did的特殊疑问句作宾语从句。
Where did I put my wedding ring? 我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了？
→ Do you know where I put my wedding ring? 你知道我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了吗？
→ I don’t remember where I put my wedding ring. 我不记得我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了。
What does Sue think about Lulu? 苏对露露的看法是什么？
→ Do you know what Sue thinks about Lulu? 你知道苏对露露的看法是什么吗？
→ I know what Sue thinks about Lulu. 我知道苏对露露的看法是什么。
【注意】
（1）由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。请看下列两组句子：
How much does this coat cost? → I want to know how much this coat costs.
这件外套多少钱？ → 我想知道这件外套多少钱。
Where did you go yesterday? → Please tell me where you went yesterday.
你昨天去哪了？ → 请告诉我昨天你去哪了。
（2）当疑问代词what、who在特殊疑问句中作主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来作宾语时，语序不需要调整。
What’s wrong with you? 怎么了？
→ He asked the girl what was wrong with her. 他问这个女孩她怎么了。
What’s the matter? 怎么了？
→ He asked the girl what was the matter. 他问这个女孩她怎么了。
What has happened to him? 他发生了什么？
→ We want to know what has happened to him. 我们想知道他发生了什么。
1．（2025·福建泉州·模拟预测）—What a lovely toy car it is! I want to know ________.
—From a store in the old town in Beijing.
A．when you bought it B．how you got it C．where you got it
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——多么可爱的玩具车啊！我想知道你从哪里得到的它。——从北京老城的一家商店。
考查宾语从句。when you bought it询问时间；how you got it询问方式；where you got it询问地点。根据答语“From a store in the old town in Beijing.”可知，这是在回答地点问题，因此问句应询问地点。故选C。
2．（2025·福建福州·三模）—I wonder ________.
—You should avoid looking at the phone screen for a long time first.
A．what can I do to protect my eyes
B．why I should protect my eyes
C．how I can protect my eyes
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我想知道如何保护我的眼睛。——你应该先避免长时间看手机屏幕。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除A；根据“You should avoid looking at the phone screen for a long time first”可知此处询问如何保护眼睛，用how引导宾语从句。故选C。
3．（2025·福建厦门·二模）The saying “Knowledge starts with practice” tells us ________.
A．what is knowledge
B．how we get knowledge
C．when we start practicing
【答案】B
【详解】句意：“知识始于实践”这句话告诉我们如何获得知识。
考查宾语从句。what is knowledge什么是知识；how we get knowledge我们如何获得知识；when we start practicing我们何时开始实践。根据谚语“Knowledge starts with practice”可知，这句话强调的是获取知识的方式是通过实践，故选B。
4．（2025·福建南平·一模）—Do you know ________?
—Next Friday.
A． how would the sports meeting start
B． when the sports meeting will start
C．when will the sports meeting start
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你知道运动会什么时候开始吗？——下周五。
考查宾语从句的语序和连接词。根据答句“Next Friday”可知，问句询问的是时间，因此连接词应为when；且宾语从句需用陈述句语序（主语+谓语），排除A（疑问语序would the sports meeting start）和C（疑问语序will the sports meeting start）。故选B。
5．（2025·福建福州·三模）—AI is developing fast. I’m wondering ________.
—I think it will replace lots of jobs.
A．how AI will change our lives B．why AI changed our lives C．what will AI change our lives
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——人工智能正在快速发展。我想知道人工智能将如何改变我们的生活。——我认为它将取代很多工作。
考查宾语从句。how AI will change our lives人工智能将如何改变我们的生活；why AI changed our lives为什么人工智能改变了我们的生活；what will AI change our lives表述有误，宾语从句要用陈述语序，排除C。根据“I’m wondering...”可知，wonder后面接宾语从句，且从句要用陈述语序，同时根据“I think it will replace lots of jobs.”可知，此处是在询问人工智能未来将如何改变我们的生活，应该用一般将来时，所以应该用how AI will change our lives。故选A。
6．（2025·福建南平·二模）— Can you tell me ________?
— Sure. I usually give some books to a village library.
A．when you celebrate World Book Day
B．what you do to celebrate World Book Day
C．how you celebrate World Book Day
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你如何庆祝世界读书日吗？——当然。我通常会给乡村图书馆捐一些书。
考查宾语从句的语境搭配。在宾语从句中，要用陈述语序，也就是主语在前，谓语在后。然后再看答句“I usually give some books to a village library.”，这里表达的是一种具体行动而非方式。故选B。
7．（2025·福建福州·三模）—Could you tell me ________ these days?
—In order to prepare for the coming Senior High School Entrance Exam.
A．what is he worried about
B．whether he is able to pass the exam
C．why he stays up so late
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我他为什么这些天熬夜吗？——为了准备即将到来的中考。
考查宾语从句语序和内容。what is he worried about她担心什么，错误语序；whether he is able to pass the exam是否他能通过考试，答句不符；why he stays up so late为什么他熬夜这么晚，陈述语序。根据答句“prepare for...”可知询问原因，且从句需用陈述语序，用why he stays up so late符合。故选C。
8．（2025·福建福州·三模）—Could you tell me ________?
—Sure, in the school hall.
A．when the graduation ceremony will be on
B．where we will have the graduation ceremony
C．whether we will have a graduation ceremony
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我我们将在哪里举行毕业典礼？——当然，在学校礼堂。
考查宾语从句的引导词。when the graduation ceremony will be on毕业典礼什么时候举行；where we will have the graduation ceremony我们将在哪里举行毕业典礼；whether we will have a graduation ceremony我们是否会举行毕业典礼。根据答语“Sure, in the school hall”可知，是询问地点，所以用where引导地点状语从句。故选B。
9．（2025·福建莆田·模拟预测）—Do you know ______?
—By using new electronic technology.
A．how the satellite works B．when the satellite lands C．where the satellite stays
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你知道卫星是如何工作的吗？——通过使用新的电子技术。
考查宾语从句。根据答语“By using new electronic technology.”可知，问句是在询问方式，要用how引导宾语从句。故选A。
10．（2025·福建泉州·二模）—Tim, Boonie Bears: Time Twist has come out. Would you mind telling me ______?
—Certainly not. Vick (光头强) is.
A．whether I can buy the ticket B．what the movie is about C．who is your favorite character
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——提姆，《熊出没·逆转时空》上映了。你介意告诉我谁是你最喜欢的角色吗？——当然不介意。光头强。
考查宾语从句。whether I can buy the ticket我是否可以买票；what the movie is about这部电影是关于什么的；who is your favorite character谁是你最喜欢的角色。根据答语“Vick (光头强) is.”可知，对人物提问，故选C。
考点三 宾语从句的时态
1.如果主句是现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。
I remember he gave me a book yesterday. 我记得他昨天给了我一本书。
He has told me that he’ll leave for New York tomorrow. 他告诉我他明天要去纽约。
I don’t think (that) you are right. 我认为你不对。
Please tell us where he is. 请告诉我们他在哪里。
Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station? 你能告诉我怎么去火车站吗？
2.如果主句是过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。
He told me that he would take part in the high jump. 他告诉我他将参加跳高比赛。
He asked what time it was. 他问现在几点了。
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet. 他告诉我他正在为运动会做准备。
He asked if you had written to Peter. 他问你有没有给彼得写信。
He said that he would go back to the US soon. 他说他很快就会回美国。
3.如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. 我们的老师说一月是一年的第一个月。
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun. 科学家已经证明地球绕着太阳转。
He told me that the earth is round. 他告诉我地球是圆的。
1．（2024·福建福州·模拟预测）—We don’t know if it _________ tomorrow.
—If it _________, we’ll go for a picnic.
A．will ran; won’t rain B．rains; doesn’t rain C．will rain; doesn’t rain
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我们不知道明天是否会下雨。——如果不下雨，我们就去野餐。
考查if条件句的时态。第一空为宾语从句，表示将来可能发生的动作，用“will rain”；第二空为if条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时“doesn’t rain”表示将来。故选C。
2．（2024·福建福州·二模）—Could you tell me ________?
—I’m going to take a trip to Harbin with my friends.
A．what are you going to do during your summer vacation
B．where you spent your summer vacation
C．how you are going to spend your summer vacation
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你打算如何度过暑假吗？——我要和我的朋友去哈尔滨旅行。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述语序，排除A；选项B使用的是一般过去时；根据“I’m going to take a trip to Harbin with my friends”可知，问句在问如何度过暑假，还未发生，应用一般将来时。故选C。
3．（22-23八年级上·福建福州·期末）—I wonder if he ________ to the museum tomorrow.
—If it ________, he won’t go.
A．will go；will rain B．will go；rains C．goes；will rain
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——我想知道他明天是否会去博物馆。——如果下雨, 他就不去了。
考查从句的时态。第一空是if引导宾语从句，主句一般现在时，从句时态由从句语境决定。由“tomorrow”可知，从句时态是一般将来时，结构为：will+动词原形；第二空是if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，“it”后接动词单三形式。故选B。
4．（2023·福建莆田·模拟预测）—Will Tony go skiing with us this Saturday?
—Sorry, I don’t know if he ________. But I know he ________ interest in sports.
A．will go; is B．goes; has no C．will go; has no
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——这个星期六托尼和我们一起去滑雪吗？——对不起，我不知道他是否会去，但是我知道他对运动不感兴趣。
考查一般将来时态及动词短语。根据“Will Tony go skiing with us this Saturday?”和“I don’t know if he...”可知，不知道他周六是否去，事情还未发生，第一空用一般将来时；have no interest in“对……不感兴趣”，固定搭配，原句是一般现在时，主语是he，谓语动词用三单。故选C。
5．（2023·福建泉州·三模）—Ms.Jackson wonders ________ just now.
—AI may be a threat for humans in the future.
A．what did they talk about
B．why they talk about it
C．what they talked about
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——杰克逊太太想知道刚才他们谈了些什么。——人工智能可能在未来对人类构成威胁。
考查宾语从句。根据宾语从句的语序：疑问词+主语+谓语+宾语，排除A项。根据“just now”可知，此处用一般过去时，排除B项。故选C。
6．（2023·福建泉州·二模）—Tom, could you tell me ________ New York?
—Sure. Last Monday.
A．when Mr. White will leave
B．when Mr. Smith left
C．when did Mr. Smith leave
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——Tom，你能告诉我Smith先生何时离开纽约的吗？——当然。上周一。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句语序为陈述语序，排除选项C；根据答语“Last Monday.”可知，时态为一般过去时。故选B。
7．（2022·福建福州·二模）—Could you tell me ________ just now?
—Putting an end to wasting food.
A．what students talk about B．what students talked about C．which did students talk about
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我刚才同学们都聊了什么吗？——杜绝浪费食物。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除C；根据“just now”可知从句用一般过去时，排除A。故选B。
8．（2022·福建厦门·模拟预测）—Mum, can you tell me ________? I dreamed of him last night.
—Next week. You are going to be with him soon.
A．where my dad will go B．when my dad came back C．when my dad will come back
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——妈妈，你能告诉我我的爸爸什么时候回来吗？我昨晚梦见他了。——下周。你将很快就能和他在一起了。
考查宾语从句引导词及一般将来时。where my dad will go我的爸爸将去哪里；when my dad came back我的爸爸什么时候回来的；when my dad will come back我的爸爸将什么时候回来。根据“Next week”可知询问的是时间，应用一般将来时，故选C。
9．（2022·福建福州·模拟预测）—Susan, could you please tell me ________?
—Yes, with pleasure.
A．when the custom of the Lantern festival starts in China
B．whether we could go outing during the coming May Day holiday
C．how many trees were planted on this year's Tree Planting Day
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——Susan，你能告诉我今年的植树节种了多少棵树吗？——好的，我很乐意。
考查宾语从句的时态。when the custom of the Lantern festival starts in China中国的元宵节的习俗是什么时候，根据常识可知，元宵节是自古就有的，所以应该用一般过去时“started”，排除A； whether we could go outing during the coming May Day holiday我们五一假期是否能出去玩，这里是邀请，表示五一假期还未到，所以应该用一般将来时，排除B。故选C。
20．（2022·福建南平·模拟预测）—What did your father say to you just now?
—He asked me ________.
A． that I would like to see a movie
B． if I enjoyed myself at the party
C．where I will spend my holiday
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你的父亲刚才对你说什么了？——他问我是否在聚会上玩得开心。
考查宾语从句。根据“He asked me...”和“just now”可知，主句的时态为一般过去时，此时宾语从句时态也应为一般过去时态，选项B符合题意。故选B。
考点四 宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序，即按照主语+谓语的顺序。
1.陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。
He is an honest boy. The teacher said. → The teacher said(that) he was an honest boy.
他是一个诚实的男孩，老师说。→ 老师说他是个诚实的男孩。
2.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。
Does he work hard? I wonder. → I wonder if/whether he works hard.
他工作努力吗？我想知道。→ 我想知道他工作是否努力。
21．（2025·福建福州·三模）—I am not sure ________.
—Let’s call her and ask her about it.
A．whether she likes the movie B．when will she come back C．where does she live
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——我不确定她喜不喜欢那部电影。——我们给她打电话问问她这件事吧。
考查宾语从句的语序。whether she likes the movies她喜不喜欢那部电影，陈述语序；when will she come back她什么时候会回来，疑问语序；where does she live她住在哪里，疑问语序。在主句“I am not sure”后需接宾语从句，用陈述语序。故选A。
22．（2025·福建福州·模拟预测）—Could you tell me ________ “the Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines”?
—Because he made great contributions to China’s nuclear submarines (核潜艇) career.
A．when was Huang Xuhua called
B．why is Huang Xuhua called
C．why Huang Xuhua is called
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我为什么黄旭华被称为“中国核潜艇之父”吗？——因为他为中国核潜艇事业做出了巨大贡献。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AB。故选C。
23．（2025·福建三明·三模）—Do you know that Simon bought a robot dog yesterday?
—Yes! It is said a robot dog can do many things. I wonder ________.
A．whether can the robot dog climb a hill
B．how long will the robot dog’s batteries last for
C．if the robot dog can avoid danger
【答案】C
【详解】句意：—— 你知道Simon昨天买了一只机器狗吗？ —— 知道！据说机器狗能做很多事情。我想知道机器狗是否能避开危险。
考查宾语从句。whether can the robot dog climb a hill机器狗是否能爬山；how long will the robot dog’s batteries last for机器狗的电池能持续多久；if the robot dog can avoid danger机器狗是否能避开危险。根据“I wonder”可知，空处是宾语从句，用陈述句语序。故选C。
24．（2025·福建厦门·二模）—I wonder ________.
—You should avoid looking at the phone screen for a long time first.
A．how can I protect my eyes B．why I should protect my eyes C．how I can protect my eyes
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我想知道我如何能保护眼睛。——首先你应该避免长时间看手机屏幕。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，排除A；根据“You should avoid looking at the phone screen for a long time first.”可知，想知道的是如何保护眼睛。故选C。
25．（2025·福建泉州·模拟预测）—Many students did well in this exam. I wonder ________.
—Through their hard work.
A．why did they get a success B．whether they tried their best C．how they made it finally
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——许多学生这次考试考得很好。我想知道他们最终是如何做到的。——通过他们的努力。
考查宾语从句。根据“I wonder”可知，空格处为宾语从句，从句应用陈述语序，故排除选项A；根据答语“Through their hard work”可知，问句应询问如何做到的。故选C。
26．（2025·福建福州·二模）—I want to know ________.
—It offers many resources and makes life more convenient.
A．how can DeepSeek help us B．what DeepSeek can do for us C．why DeepSeek has many resources
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——我想知道Deepseek能为我们做些什么。——它提供了许多资源，使生活更加方便。
考查宾语从句。分析句子结构并结合选项可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句用陈述语序；根据答语“It offers many resources and makes life more convenient.”可知，此处询问Deepseek功用是什么，应用what引导宾语从句。故选B。
27．（2024·福建福州·模拟预测）—I wonder________, Daisy.
—I traveled along the Silk Road and visited many cities.
A．who you traveled with in the holiday
B．how you spent your summer holiday
C．where did you go during the holiday
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——我想知道你是怎么度过暑假的，Daisy。——我沿着丝绸之路旅行，参观了许多城市。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除C；根据“I traveled along the Silk Road and visited many cities”以及选项可知此处询问是如何度过暑假的，用how引导宾语从句。故选B。
28．（2025九年级·四川成都·专题练习）The idiom (成语) “Time and tide wait for no man” tells us ________.
A．how can we achieve success
B．what people do for their goals
C．why we should value the time
【答案】C
【详解】句意：成语“时不我待”告诉我们为什么要珍惜时间。
考查宾语从句。根据“tells us”可知，此处应用宾语从句，宾语从句遵循“陈述语序”；根据“Time and tide wait for no man”可知，这个成语告诉我们为什么要珍惜时间。故选C。
29．（24-25九年级下·福建厦门·期中）—Your teacher has set up a WeChat group. Could you tell me ________?
—The group makes it more convenient to share information.
A．why did he set it up B．how he set it up C．what it is used for
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你的老师建立了一个微信小组。你能告诉我它的用途是什么吗？——这个微信小组使交流信息更加方便。
考查宾语从句。why did he set it up他为什么建立它；how did he set it up他是如何建立它的；what it is used for它的用途是什么。宾语从句使用陈述语序，因此排除A项；根据“The group makes it more convenient to share information.”可知，此处询问该微信小组的用途，排除B项。故选C。
30．（2024·福建福州·模拟预测）—I wonder _________.
—It can open the door without keys.
A．what can AI lock do B．how does AI lock work C．why AI lock is popular
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我想知道为什么AI锁很受欢迎。——它不用钥匙就能开门。
考查宾语从句。“wonder”是动词，后接宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述句语序，排除A、B选项，C选项是陈述句语序，故选C。
考点五 宾语从句的否定转移和特殊用法
1.宾语从句的否定前置
think , believe , suppose, consider, imagine等动词后的宾语从句如果是否定句，一般要将否定词not转移至主句谓语上，而将从句谓语改为肯定形式。否定前置的前提是：主句主语是第一人称，时态为一般现在时。
I think. + He has no time to play with the girl. → I don’t think he has time to play with the girl.
我认为他没时间和这个女孩玩。
She thinks. + She can’t arrive here on time. → She thinks she can’t arrive here on time. 她认为她不能按时到这。
2.宾语从句变反意疑问句
在由宾语从句作为陈述部分的反意疑问句中，“动词/主语看从句，肯定否定看主句”。此类宾语从句常用动词有think, believe, suppose, consider等。
I thought it was late, wasn’t it? 我认为很晚了，不是吗？
I don't think he will come, will he？ 我认为他不会来了，不是吗？
3.宾语从句的转化
（1）当主句谓语动词是hope, wish, decide, forget, plan, agree等，且主句与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构（动词+to do）。
She agreed that she could help me with my maths. → She agreed to help me with my maths.
她认同她能帮我数学。
（2）当主句谓语动词是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语，且主句与从句主语相同时，从句可以简化成“疑问词+不定式结构”。
I don't know which sweater I should buy. → I don't know which sweater to buy.
我不知道我应该买哪件毛衣。
（3）当主句谓语动词是ask, tell, show, teach，宾语从句由代词/副词引导，从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，从句可简化为“连接代词/副词+不定式”结构。
Could you tell me how I can get to the park? → Could you tell me how to get to the park?
你能告诉我我能如何去到公园吗？
（4）当主句谓语动词是find, see, watch, hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语+宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。
She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. → She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.
她发现钱包落在地面上。
一．单项选择
1．（2025·福建·中考真题）—Could you tell me ________?
—This Sunday morning.
A．when we will do volunteer work in the community
B．which community we will do volunteer work in
C．who will do volunteer work in the community
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——您能告诉我我们什么时候会在社区开展志愿服务活动吗？——这个星期天的早上。
考查宾语从句。根据答语“This Sunday morning.”可知，对时间提问，故选A。
2．（2024·福建·中考真题）—Do you know ________?
—Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu, all born in the 1980s.
A．how the Shenzhou XVIII entered space
B．when the Shenzhou XVIII entered space
C．who entered space in the Shenzhou XVⅢ
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你知道谁乘坐神舟18号进入太空了吗？——80后的叶光富、李聪、李广苏。
考查宾语从句。根据“Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu, all born in the 1980s.”可知此句是对人的提问，用who引导的宾语从句。故选C。
3．（2023·福建·中考真题）—Would you please tell me ________?
—By keeping a diary every day.
A．why you want to study English
B．who you often speak English with
C．how you improve your English writing
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你是如何提高你的英语写作的吗？——通过每天写日记。
考查宾语从句。why you want to study English你为什么想学英语；who you often speak English with你经常和谁说英语；how you improve your English writing你是如何提高你的英语写作的。根据“By keeping a diary every day.”可知是询问提高英语写作的方式。故选C。
4．（2022·福建·中考真题）—Could you tell me ________?
—In Fuzhou University.
A．when your brother will start
B．what your brother looks like
C．where your brother is studying
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你哥哥在哪里学习吗？——在福州大学。
考察宾语从句。when your brother will start你哥哥什么时候动身；what your brother looks like你哥哥长什么样子；where your brother is studying你哥哥在哪里学习。根据答语“In Fuzhou University”可知，是询问地点，所以用where引导宾语从句，故选C。
5．（2021·福建·中考真题）— Do you know ________ ?
— Sure. On May 15th.
A．where China’s Tianwen-1 probe landed
B．how China’s Tianwen-l probe landed on Mars
C．when China’s Tianwen-l probe landed on Mars
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你知道中国“天问一号”探测器何时登陆火星吗？——当然。5月15日。
考查宾语从句。where哪里；how怎样；when何时；根据回答“On May 15th”可知，此处问的是何时登陆，应用when引导宾语从句，故选C。
6．（2020·福建·中考真题）— Could you tell me ________?
— Throwing off poverty（脱贫）.
A．who people often talk about this year
B．what people often talk about this year
C．which do people often talk about this year
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我今年人们经常谈论什么吗？——脱贫。
考查宾语从句。who people often talk about this year今年人们经常谈论谁；what people often talk about this year今年人们经常谈论什么；which do people often talk about this year今年人们经常谈论哪一个,是疑问语序。宾语从句中应用陈述语序，排除C。根据下面的回答“Throwing off poverty”可知，这里应问人们经常谈论什么，应用what引导宾语从句。故选B。
7．（2025·福建南平·二模）The wise saying “When I walk along with two others, I may be able to learn from them.” tells us ________.
A．how we treat others B．who we can learn from C．where we can learn
【答案】B
【详解】句意：“三人行，必有我师。”这句名言告诉我们可以向谁学习。
考查宾语从句。根据“When I walk along with two others, I may be able to learn from them.”可知，几个人一起走的时候，我可以向他们学习，这告诉我们该向谁学习，引导词用who。故选B。
8．（2025·福建泉州·二模）—Could you tell me ________ the coming singing competition?
—Sure, you can start by watching lots of videos online.
A．who will take part in B．how I can prepare for C．where I can watch
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我该如何准备即将到来的歌唱比赛吗？——当然，你可以先从网上看很多视频开始。
考查宾语从句。who will take part in谁将参加；how I can prepare for我该如何准备；where I can watch在哪里我可以观看。根据“you can start by watching lots of videos online.”可知，询问的是自己如何做准备，故选B。
9．（2025·福建莆田·二模）—Could you tell me ________?
—It helps me a lot in learning new skills.
A．how you use Deepseek
B．when you need Deepseek
C．why you like to use Deepseek
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我为什么你喜欢使用Deepseek吗？——它在学习新技能方面对我帮助很大。
考查宾语从句。A项意为“你如何使用Deepseek”；B项意为“你何时需要Deepseek”；C项意为“为什么你喜欢使用Deepseek”。根据答语“It helps me a lot in learning new skills.”可知，此处是在问对方使用某物的原因，即为什么喜欢使用它，应用why引导宾语从句，故选C。
10．（2025·福建厦门·二模）—Could you please tell me ________?
—It was held at Minnan Art Concert Hall.
A．when the famous concert was held
B．where the concert took place in April
C．which is the most famous piece of the pianist
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我四月份音乐会在哪里举行吗？——它在闽南艺术音乐厅举行。
考查宾语从句。when the famous concert was held这场著名的音乐会是什么时候举行的；where the concert took place in April四月份音乐会在哪里举行；which is the most famous piece of the pianist这位钢琴家最著名的作品是哪一首。根据答语“It was held at Minnan Art Concert Hall.”可知，询问的是地点，选项B“四月份音乐会在哪里举行”符合语境。故选B。
11．（2025·福建三明·二模）Judy doesn’t want to go to the concert by herself, but she has no idea ________.
A．when the concert will start B．how she will go the concert C．who would like to go with her
【答案】C
【详解】句意：朱迪不想独自去音乐会，但是她不知道谁愿意和她一起去。
考查宾语从句。when the concert will start音乐会什么时候开始；how she will go the concert她将怎样去音乐会；who would like to go with her谁会愿意和她一起去。根据“Judy doesn’t want to go to the concert by herself,”可知，朱迪不想独自去音乐会，因此她的困扰应是“不知道谁愿意和她一起去”，故选C。
12．（2025·福建宁德·模拟预测）—I wonder ______, Jack.
—I’m building a Lego Nezha.
A．what you are doing B．where you are going C．who you are talking to
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——我想知道你在做什么，杰克。——我正在搭乐高哪吒。
考查宾语从句。what you are doing你在做什么；where you are going你要去哪里；who you are talking to你在和谁说话。根据答语“I’m building a Lego Nezha.”（我正在搭乐高哪吒）可知，此处是在描述自己正在进行的一项活动，所以问句应该是询问对方正在做什么，应该用what引导宾语从句。故选A。
13．（2025·福建福州·模拟预测）—Kate, do you know ________?
—To welcome the New Year.
A．when we’ll have the English party
B．why we’ll have the English party
C．where we’ll have the English party
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——凯特，你知道我们为什么要举办英语派对吗？——为了迎接新年。
考查宾语从句。when we’ll have the English party我们什么时候举办英语派对；why we’ll have the English party我们为什么举办英语派对；where we’ll have the English party我们在哪里举办英语派对。根据“To welcome the New Year.”可知，回答的是举办派对的目的，因此需要选择询问目的的从句“why we’ll have the English party”。故选B。
14．（2025·福建泉州·模拟预测）—What a beautiful electric car! Can you tell me ________?
—Sure. It is BYD-Build Your Dreams, which is made in China.
A．who made it B．when it was made C．where it was made
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——多么漂亮的一辆电动汽车啊！你能告诉我它是在哪里制造的吗？——当然。它是中国制造的比亚迪。
考查宾语从句。who made it 谁制造了它；when it was made 它是什么时候制造的；where it was made它是在哪里制造的。根据“It is BYD-Build Your Dreams, which is made in China.”可知，此处应该是询问这辆车的制造地点。故选C。
15．（2025·福建厦门·二模）—Do you know ________?
—We can try to recycle and reuse things.
A．why we can live a green life B．how we can live a green life C．when we can live a green life
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你知道我们怎样才能过绿色的生活吗？——我们可以尝试回收和再利用东西。
考查宾语从句。why为什么；how怎样；when何时。根据“We can try to recycle and reuse things.”可知，此处询问过上绿色生活的方式，因此用疑问词how，故选B。
二．语法填空
（1）
（2024·福建厦门·二模）阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或单词提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Jin Ying, 25, is a lover of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). She took part in a three-month training course on acupuncture and tuina (针灸推拿) 1 2023 at Beijing University of Chinese Medicine.
Jin’s life has been different since the training. She 2 (change) her life habits after learning the Five Elements theory (五行学说). For example, she avoided sweating too much during exercise in winter 3 the cold of winter means people should slow down, according to TCM. For 4 (she), learning these skills and theories was not about becoming a TCM doctor but rather about choosing a new lifestyle.
She is not an 5 (usual) example of young people becoming interested in TCM. A survey by China Youth Daily showed that 93.3 percent of the 1,000 young people 6 took part had tried different TCM treatments.
“I have seen 7 (many) young people come to me for neck and back pains than before,” said Ma Huifang, a TCM doctor at Guoyitang.
Between Western medicine and TCM, young people now prefer TCM for its efficacy (疗效). But some people question why TCM treats the same illnesses with different prescriptions. “This is actually 8 advantage of TCM, rather than a shortcoming, as it can be a accurate (精准的) treatment for different 9 (patient),” Ma explained.
Younger age groups are choosing TCM, and at the same time, TCM is also helping young people. As Jin noted, “It helps young people understand Chinese medicine and learn why it is 10 (believe) to be a treasure of our Chinese culture.”
【答案】1．in 2．changed 3．because 4．her 5．unusual 6．who/that 7．more 8．an 9．patients 10．believed
【导语】本文主要介绍了中医越来越受年轻群体的欢迎以及中医的神奇疗效。
1．句意：她参加了2023年在北京中医药大学为期三个月的针灸推拿培训课程。根据空后的“2023”表示年份可知，此处应用介词in。故填in。
2．句意：学习五行学说后，她改变了自己的生活习惯。此处表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填changed。
3．句意：例如，她在冬天锻炼时避免出汗过多，因为根据中医的说法，冬天寒冷意味着人们应该放慢脚步。根据空前后句的句意可知，此处表示因果关系，前果后因。故填because。
4．句意：对于她来说，学习这些技能和理论并不是为了成为一名中医，而是选择一种新的生活方式。根据空前的介词“For”可知，此处应用所给词的宾格形式，作宾语。故填her。
5．句意：她并不是年轻人对中医产生兴趣的一个不同寻常的例子。根据下文“A survey by China Youth Daily showed that 93.3 percent of the 1,000 young people…took part had tried different TCM treatments.”可知，中医越来越受年轻群体的欢迎，所以她并不是年轻人对中医产生兴趣的一个不同寻常的例子，unusual“不同寻常的”符合。故填unusual。
6．句意：《中国青年报》的一项调查显示，在1000名参与者中，93.3%的人尝试过不同的中医治疗方法。分析句子结构可知，空处所在句为定语从句，先行词是指人的“the 1,000 young people”，且关系词代替先行词在从句中充当主语。故填who/that。
7．句意：国医堂中医Ma Huifang说：“我已看到比以前更多的年轻人来找我治疗颈椎和背部疼痛。”根据空后的“than”可知，此处应用比较级形式。故填more。
8．句意：马解释说：“这实际上是中医的一个优点，而不是缺点，因为它可以对不同的患者进行准确的治疗。”根据句意可知，此处表示泛指的含义，应用不定冠词；根据空后的“advantage”是以元音音素开头的单词可知，此处应填an。故填an。
9．句意：马解释说：“这实际上是中医的一个优点，而不是缺点，因为它可以对不同的患者进行准确的治疗。”根据空前的“different”可知，此处应用复数形式。故填patients。
10．句意：它帮助年轻人了解中医并学习为什么它被认为是我们中国文化的瑰宝。分析句子结构可知，空处所在句的主语与谓语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态。故填believed。
（2）
（2024·福建厦门·二模）阅读下面短文，根据语境和所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Riverside Scene at the Qingming Festival is a famous painting on ancient Chinese customs in the Northern Dynasty (960 AD—1127 AD). Known 1 one of the “Top Ten Famous Chinese Paintings of Ancient China”, it describes the life and landscape (风景) of the capital city Dongjing (now Kaifeng) and the scenes along the banks of the Bianhe River.
The painting, made of silk, is 24, 8 centimeters 2 and 528,7 centimeters long. It is said that there are 587 characters, more than 60 heads of livestock (牲畜), more than 20 3 (wood) boats and more than 30 houses. Unfolding it, what catches eyes is the early spring scenery in the countryside: the trees and the streams. Two people are 4 (drive) the donkeys forward along the village road. Among the villages, some travellers hurry on their way on foot and some on horseback. At the end of the quiet country road comes the middle part. A bridge 5 (cross) the Bianhe River. Several ships are sailing on the river under the bridge. The boatmen are busy 6 (perform) their duties. On the banks 7 many teahouses, restaurants and stalls (摊位) . The last part is the downtown street of Dongjing with a tall city tower in 8 (it) center. There is all the business you expect to find such as restaurants, butcher shops (肉铺), jewelry 9 (store), drugstores and so on.
Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival vividly shows the 10 (achieve) of business, handicrafts, architecture, transportation and customs in the Northern Dynasty, which provides valuable historic materials for future generations to understand and study the economic and social life in that period.
【答案】1．as 2．wide 3．wooden 4．driving 5．crosses 6．performing 7．are/lie 8．its 9．stores 10．achievement/achievements
【导语】本文介绍了北宋张择端的《清明上河图》，该画细腻展现了都城东京的盛景。
1．句意：它被誉为“中国古代十大名画”之一，描绘了都城东京(今开封)的生活和风景以及汴河沿岸的景色。known as“被称为……”。故填as。
2．句意：这幅画由丝绸制成，宽24.8厘米，长528.7厘米。根据“and 528,7 centimeters long.”可知，此处是指宽24.8厘米。wide“宽”。故填wide。
3．句意：据说有587个人物，60多头牲畜，20多艘木船和30多所房屋。根据“ more than 20...(wood) boats”可知，是指木船，需用形容词wooden“木制的”，作定语。故填wooden。
4．句意：两个人正赶着驴沿着村里的路往前走。空处用现在分词driving，与空前be动词构成进行时态。故填driving。
5．句意：一座桥横跨汴河。主语“A bridge”是单数，谓语动词用三单形式。故填crosses。
6．句意：船夫们正忙着履行他们的职责。be busy doing sth表示“忙于做某事”，空处用动名词作宾语。故填performing。
7．句意：河岸上有许多茶馆、餐馆和摊位。根据“On the banks...many teahouses, restaurants and stalls (摊位).”可知，空处填入谓语动词，需用be动词/lie表示“位于”，主语是复数，be动词用are/动词用原形。故填are/lie。
8．句意：最后一部分是东京的市中心街道，中心是一座高大的城市塔楼。修饰空后名词“center”需用形容词性物主代词its，表示“它的”。故填its。
9．句意：你可以在这里找到各种各样的生意，比如餐馆、肉铺、珠宝店、药店等等。根据“drugstores and so on.”可知，空处需用名词复数形式。故填stores。
10．句意：《清明上河图》生动地展示了北朝在商业、手工业、建筑、交通、风俗等方面的成就，为后人了解和研究这一时期的经济社会生活提供了宝贵的史料。shows the achievement/achievements of表示“展示了……的成就”。故填achievement/achievements。
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