高中语法点常考集:现在完成时,过去完成时,将来完成时 课件-2026届高三英语一轮复习专项

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摘要:

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦“三种完成时态”核心考点,依据高考评价体系梳理了现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时的结构特征、时间状语及特殊句型,通过对比表格明确考点权重,归纳出选择、填空、改错等常考题型,体现高考语法备考的系统性和针对性。 课件亮点在于“考点解析+真题训练+易错突破”的备考策略,如针对“短暂动词与延续性动词转换”考点,以“borrow→keep”实例详解解题逻辑,培养学生的语言能力和思维品质。特设“时间状语辨析表”和“高频错题集”,帮助学生掌握时态运用技巧,教师可据此精准指导复习,提升备考效率。

内容正文:

基础语法讲解 现在完成时 过去完成时 将来完成时 CONTENTS 目录 01 现在完成时 02 过去完成时 03 将来完成时 04 三种完成时态对比 05 练习 现在完成时 01 现在完成时的核心概念 核心定义 :表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 两大核心意义 : 1. 已完成 :动作在过去已完成,强调对现在的影响 2. 未完成 :动作从过去开始持续到现在(可能继续) 时间轴 过去 现在 将来 ●───────●───────● ↓ 过去动作影响现在 (已完成或持续) 现在完成时的结构 核心公式 : have/has + 过去分词 肯定句 :主语 + have/has + 过去分词 I have finished my work. 否定句 : 主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词 He hasn't seen the movie. 疑问句 : Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 Have you been to Beijing? 现在完成时的结构 have/has的选择 : - 第一/二人称单数、所有复数:have - 第三人称单数:has 过去分词形式 : - 规则变化:worked, studied - 不规则变化:gone, seen, done(需单独记忆) 记忆口诀 :have/has加过分,过去动作连现在。 现在完成时的两大用法 用法一:已完成(影响现在) - I have lost my keys.(钥匙丢了,现在找不到) - She has finished her homework.(作业已完成,现在可以玩) 现在完成时的两大用法 用法二:未完成(持续到现在) - I have lived here for 10 years.(现在还住在这里) - He has been a teacher since 2010.(现在还是老师) 现在完成时的两大用法 时间状语辨析 : - 已完成 :already, yet, just, ever, never, before - 未完成 :for + 时间段,since + 时间点,so far, up to now 标志词记忆 :already用在肯定句,yet用在否定疑问句。 现在完成时的特殊句型 ————三种重要句型 1. It is/has been + 时间段 + since... - It is 3 years since I came here. - It has been 3 years since I came here. 现在完成时的特殊句型 ————三种重要句型 3. This is the first/second...time that... - This is the first time that I have visited Shanghai. 易错点提醒 : - since后接 时间点 (since 2010, since last week) - for后接 时间段 (for 3 years, for a long time) 练习 1. I ______ (finish) my homework already. 3. ______ you ever ______ (be) to London? 2. She ______ (live) here for five years. have finished (already表示已完成) Have, been (ever表示"曾经",询问经历) has lived (for five years表示持续) 过去完成时 02 过去完成时的核心概念 核心定义 ::表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作。。 关键理解 : - 动作发生在"过去的过去" - 需要有一个明确的过去时间或动作作为参照 时间轴 过去 现在 将来 ●───────●───────● ↓ 过去完成时 (过去的过去) 过去完成时的结构 核心公式 : had + 过去分词 肯定句:主语 + had + 过去分词 I had finished my work. 否定句:主语 + had + not + 过去分词 He hadn't seen the movie. 疑问句 :Had + 主语 + 过去分词 Had you finished when he came? 现在完成时的结构 特点 : - had用于所有人称(I, you, he, she, it, we, they) - 过去分词形式与现在完成时相同 缩写形式 :had → 'd; had not → hadn't 记忆口诀 :had加过分,过去的过去已完成。 过去完成时的基本用法 ————三大使用场景 1. 表示过去的过去 - When I arrived, the train had left.(我到之前火车已开走) 参照点:arrived(过去)→ had left(过去的过去) 过去完成时的基本用法 ————三大使用场景 2. 与by/before + 过去时间连用 - By the end of last year, I had learned 2000 words. - He had finished his work before 5 o'clock yesterday. 过去完成时的基本用法 ————三大使用场景 3. 用于间接引语 - He said he had seen the movie.(直接引语:I saw the movie.) 时间状语 :by the end of last..., before, when, after, until, already, yet 过去完成时的特殊用法 ————过去完成时在复合句中的应用 1. 主句(过去完成时)+ when/before/after + 从句(一般过去时) - I had finished my homework when my mother came back. 过去完成时的特殊用法 ————过去完成时在复合句中的应用 2. no sooner...than / hardly...when - No sooner had I arrived than it began to rain. - Hardly had he finished when someone knocked at the door. 过去完成时的特殊用法 ————过去完成时在复合句中的应用 3. 虚拟语气中的过去完成时 - If I had known, I would have helped you. (事实上我不知道) 练习 1. When I got to the station, the train ______ (leave). 3. He said he ______ (see) the movie before. 2. By 10 o'clock last night, I ______ (finish) all my work. had left (我到车站发生在过去,火车离开发生在过去的过去) had seen (间接引语中,直接引语的现在完成时变为过去完成时) had finished (by + 过去时间点,用过去完成时) 将来完成时 03 将来完成时的核心概念 核心定义 :表示到将来某一时间为止已经完成的动作。 关键理解 : - 动作在将来某一时间之前完成 - 强调将来动作的完成性 时间轴 过去 现在 将来 ●───────●───────● ↓ 将来完成时 (到将来某时已完成) 将来完成时的结构 核心公式 : will have + 过去分词 肯定句:主语 + will have + 过去分词 I will have finished by tomorrow. 否定句:主语 + will not have + 过去分词 He won't have arrived by then. 疑问句:Will + 主语 + have + 过去分词 Will you have finished by 5? 现在完成时的结构 特点 : - will用于所有人称 - have不变形式 - 过去分词与现在/过去完成时相同 缩写形式 : - will have → 'll have - will not have → won't have 记忆口诀 :will have加过分,将来某时已完成。 将来完成时的基本用法 ———— 两大使用场景 1. 表示将来某时之前完成的动作 - By next week, I will have finished the book. - When you come tomorrow, I will have left. 将来完成时的基本用法 ———— 两大使用场景 2. 表示持续到将来某时的动作 - By the end of this month, I will have worked here for 10 years. 时间状语 : - by + 将来时间点(by tomorrow, by next year) - by the time + 从句(by the time you arrive) - before + 将来时间点 将来完成时的特殊句型 1. by the time + 从句(一般现在时/现在完成时) - By the time you arrive, I will have finished cooking. - By the time he has graduated, he will have learned a lot. 将来完成时的特殊句型 2. 将来完成进行时 - By next month, I will have been studying English for 10 years. 3. 预测性用法 - They will have arrived in Beijing by now.(推测现在已完成) 将来完成时的特殊句型 对比学习 : - 现在完成时:现在之前已完成 - 过去完成时:过去某时之前已完成 - 将来完成时:将来某时之前将完成 练习 1. By this time tomorrow, I ______ (finish) the report. 3. By 2025, he ______ (work) here for 20 years. 2. When you arrive, they ______ (leave). will have finished (by + 将来时间点) will have worked (持续到将来某时) will have left (when引导的时间状语从句,主句用将来完成时) 三种完成时态对比 04 核心区别 : - 现在完成时:现在为参照点 - 过去完成时:过去某时为参照点 - 将来完成时:将来某时为参照点 三种完成时态对比 三种完成时态结构全面对比 时间状语辨析 ——通过时间状语判断完成时态 解题技巧 : 1. 先找时间状语 2. 确定时间参照点(现在/过去/将来) 3. 判断动作的完成性 4. 选择正确的完成时态 三种完成时态对比 四种完成时态易混淆点 1. 现在完成时 vs 一般过去时 - I have seen the movie.(强调现在知道内容) - I saw the movie yesterday.(强调昨天看的动作) 四种完成时态易混淆点 2. 过去完成时的时间参照 - 必须有明确的过去参照时间 - 常出现在含when, before, after的复合句中 四种完成时态易混淆点 3. by的用法区别 - by now(现在完成时) - by last year(过去完成时) - by next year(将来完成时 四种完成时态易混淆点 4. since的用法 - since + 过去时间点(现在完成时) - since + 过去时间点 + ago(过去完成时) 高频考点总结 1. have/has gone to vs have/has been to - have gone to:去了某地(现在不在这里) - have been to:去过某地(现在已回来) 高频考点总结 2. since与for的区别 - since + 时间点(since 2010, since last week) - for + 时间段(for 3 years, for a long time) 高频考点总结 3. by的三种用法 - by now → 现在完成时 - by last year → 过去完成时 - by next year → 将来完成时 高频考点总结 4. 间接引语的时态变化 - 现在完成时 → 过去完成时 - "I have finished." → He said he had finished. 高频考点总结 5. 时间状语从句的完成时态 - by the time + 从句(一般现在时),主句用将来完成时 - when + 过去时,主句用过去完成 练习 05 练习 I ______ this book for two weeks. A. have borrowed B. have kept C. borrowed D. keep 答案: B 解析: 现在完成时中,短暂动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。borrow是短暂动词,要改为延续性动词keep。 练习 This is the best movie I ______. A. have ever seen B. had ever seen C. ever saw D. ever see 答案: A 解析: "This is the best..."后面常用现在完成时,表示到现在为止的经历。 练习 1. I ______ this book for two weeks. A. have borrowed B. have kept C. borrowed D. keep 答案: B 解析: 现在完成时中,短暂动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。borrow是短暂动词,要改为延续性动词keep。 练习 — Where is Tom? — He ______ to the library. A. has gone B. has been C. went D. goes 答案: A 解析: 根据上下文,Tom不在说话地,表示"他去了图书馆",用has gone to。 练习 When I got to the cinema, the movie ______ for 10 minutes. A. had started B. had been on C. started D. was on 答案: B 解析: start是短暂动词,不能与for 10 minutes连用。had been on表示"已开始10分钟"。 练习 Hardly ______ the house when it began to rain. A. we had left B. had we left C. we left D. did we leave 答案: B 解析: hardly...when结构中,hardly后要用过去完成时,且要部分倒装。 练习 The train ______ when I got to the station. A. left B. had left C. has left D. was leaving 答案: B 解析: 火车离开发生在"我到达"之前,是"过去的过去",用过去完成时。 练习 I ______ to visit him, but he was out. A. had hoped B. hoped C. have hoped D. hope 答案: A 解析: 希望发生在"他出去"之前,用过去完成时表示未实现的愿望。 练习 By this time tomorrow, I ______ my work. A. will finish B. will have finished C. have finished D. finished 答案: B 解析: by this time tomorrow表示"到明天这个时候",用将来完成时 练习 How many words ______ you ______ by the end of this term? A. will, learn B. have, learned C. will, have learned D. had, learned 答案: C 解析: by the end of this term是将来的时间点,用将来完成时。 练习 By 2030, scientists ______ a cure for this disease. A. find B. will find C. will have found D. have found 答案: C 解析: by 2030是将来的时间点,用将来完成时表示预测。 练习 Don't call me at 8. I ______ dinner by then. A. will have B. will have had C. have D. had 答案: B 解析: by then表示"到那时",用将来完成时。 练习 She ______ (live) in Beijing since 2010. 答案: has lived 解析: since 2010表示从2010年到现在,用现在完成时。主语She是第三人称单数,用has lived。 练习 So far, we ______ (learn) 2,000 English words. 答案: have learned 解析: so far表示"到目前为止",用现在完成时。 练习 He ______ (not finish) his homework yet. 答案: hasn't finished 解析: yet常用于现在完成时的否定句和疑问句。 练习 Up to now, no one ______ (find) the lost child. 答案: has found 解析: up to now表示"到现在为止",用现在完成时 练习 By the end of last year, we ______ (learn) 3,000 English words. 答案: had learned 解析: by the end of last year表示"到去年年底为止",用过去完成时。 练习 She told me she ______ (never see) such a beautiful place before. 答案: had never seen 解析: 主句是过去时told,从句动作发生在told之前,用过去完成时。 练习 They ______ (finish) the project before the deadline. 答案: had finished 解析: 在截止日期前已完成,用过去完成时。 练习 By the end of next month, he ______ (work) here for 10 years. 答案: will have worked 解析: by the end of next month是将来时间点,用将来完成时。 练习 When you arrive at the airport, the plane ______ (take off). 答案: will have taken off 解析: when引导的时间状语从句,主句用将来完成时表示动作在将来某个时间点之前完成。 练习 I ______ (complete) the course by next summer. 答案: will have completed 解析: by next summer是将来的时间点,用将来完成时。 练习 They ______ (build) three bridges over the river by the end of next year. 答案: will have built 解析: by the end of next year是将来的时间点,用将来完成时。 练习 (改错) 题目: I have bought the book for three days. 答案: 将"have bought"改为"have had" 解析: buy是短暂动词,不能与for three days这样的时间段连用。要改为延续性动词have。 练习 (用since或for填空) 题目: They have been married ______ 20 years. 答案: for 解析: for后接时间段,since后接时间点。20 years是时间段。 练习 (改错) 题目: He said that he bought the car the year before. 答案: 将"bought"改为"had bought" 解析: 主句是过去时said,从句动作发生在said之前,要用过去完成时。 练习 (用动词正确形式填空) 题目: He ______ (work) in the company for five years before he resigned. 答案: had worked 解析: 工作五年发生在他辞职之前,用过去完成时。 练习 (改错) 题目: I will finish the book by the time you come back. 答案: 将"will finish"改为"will have finished" 解析: by the time you come back表示"到你回来时",主句应用将来完成时 练习 (用动词正确形式填空) 题目: By the time he graduates, he ______ (study) English for 12 years. 答案: will have studied 解析: by the time引导的时间状语从句,主句用将来完成时。 谢谢 $

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高中语法点常考集:现在完成时,过去完成时,将来完成时 课件-2026届高三英语一轮复习专项-第1页
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