专题05 动词精讲与训练(复习讲义)(成都专用)2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

2026-01-05
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 -
年级 九年级
章节 -
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 动词
使用场景 中考复习-一轮复习
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 四川省
地区(市) 成都市
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 1.09 MB
发布时间 2026-01-05
更新时间 2026-01-20
作者 雪儿英语老师
品牌系列 上好课·一轮讲练测
审核时间 2026-01-05
下载链接 https://m.zxxk.com/soft/55801528.html
价格 4.00储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

摘要:

该初中英语中考复习讲义聚焦“动词”专题,覆盖中考核心考点:动词词义辨析、动词填空(时态/语态/非谓语)、情态动词辨析,通过“考情剖析-知识网络构建-题型突破-分层精练”四阶教学流程,系统梳理动词分类(实义/系/助/情态)、时态语态及非谓语用法,助力学生建立完整知识体系,突破语境化解题难点。 亮点在于“语境化深度学习”与“思维逻辑训练”,如完形填空中通过情节发展和人物情感推断动词选择,培养思维品质;结合科技、文化等真实语篇设计非谓语动词练习,提升语言能力。配套“真题精讲+错题归类”策略,分层设置单选、完形、填空等题型,教师可依托资料精准把控复习节奏,帮助学生高效掌握动词考点,提升综合应考能力。

内容正文:

专题05 中考英语动词精讲与精练 目 录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻............................................. 1 02·时空导航·网络构建 2 03·题型通关·靶向突破 17 04·优选精选·练能提分 20 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 考查维度 核心内容 说明/示例 核心考点 1.动词词义辨析(高频) 2.动词填空(高频) 3.情态动词辨析(高频) 常考题型 单项选择、单句填空、完形填空、语篇填空 考查角度 1.词形变化(与时态、语态或非谓语动词相关) 2变反义词(多为加否定词缀) 命题理念 通过创设真实或模拟的语言环境,考查考生在语境中运用动词的能力。 既考查基本知识的掌握,注重综合语言运用能力,分析问题、解决问题的能力。 命题特点 1.结合语境化考查‌: 动词的考查深度融合在完整的句子、对话和语篇,需理解上下文逻辑判断时态、语态、主谓一致等。(如:24年完形B篇,helped,guess) 2.基础性与综合性:‌ 全面覆盖核心动词用法,注重与句法结构(如宾语从句、状语从句)、词义辨析综合考查。 3.贴近生活与时代‌: 素材源于校园生活、社会热点、文化传统、科技发展等主题,具有时代感和教育意义。 4.强调思维与逻辑‌: 完形填空、阅读中动词选择依赖于对情节发展、人物情感变化和逻辑关系的深度理解。 命题 预测 ‌1.深化语境考查‌: 动词考点继续延申之前的特点,结合复杂的语篇与情境,进一步强化对语篇的理解能力。 2.综合运用能力‌: 一道题涉及多个知识点,或要求考生需通读全文选最恰当的动词形式。 3.聚焦时代脉搏‌: 动词的考查助力反映社会、科技、中华传统文化、健康成长、成都特色文化等主题意义的表达。 4.思维升级‌: 完形填空中动词的选择更依赖对人物情感、深层逻辑等的推断;阅读需理解准确含义。 核心知 识点 1.时态‌: 现在完成时与since/for的连用、过去进行时作为背景描述、语境中区分一般过去时和现在完成时。(如:24年六大题7小题since) 2.语态‌: 在科技成果、文化活动、社会变化等语篇中考查一般现在时和一般将来时的被动语态。 3.情态动词‌: 在对话和议论性语篇中考查must, might, could等表推测的用法(25年A卷六大题,must,might, can’t等)。 4.非谓语动词‌: 不定式作目的状语和宾补、动名词作介宾语和动宾语(固定搭配)。(如:24年六大题10题It is+adj.+to do作主语) 5.词义辨析‌: 在叙事性完形填空中考查动作动词的精准使用。(25年完形B篇A.continued B.failed C.started) 备考策略 1.构建知识体系‌: 系统梳理动词语法项目,形成知识网络图,理解各知识点的关联与区别。 2.语境化学习‌: 结合典型的例句和微语境理解记忆,多做完形和阅读,分析语境的线索。 3.强化分析能力‌: 完形填空把握主旨、脉络和人物情感,通过上下文复现词汇、同义转述和逻辑关联词。 4.注重积累与辨析‌: 建立错题本,收录错题,归类对比易混动词,写出例句。 5.研究真题,把握命题‌: 深入研究近3-5年真题的动词题目,分析考点分布、题干和选项干扰点,模拟题进行演练。 6.提升综合素养‌: 广泛的阅读课内教材和课外读物积累动词,在写作中准确地运用动词形式。 02·时空导航·网络构建 ★知识点1 动词的分类 动词是用来描述主语动作或状态的词。动词在句中作谓语,是句子不可缺少的部分,用来说明主语是什么、做什么或处于什么状态。 类别 用法 示例 实义动词 根据动词后是否接宾语 及物 动词 一般情况下,其后跟宾语意义才完整,有被动语态。 give 给 like 喜欢 take 拿;取 不及物 动词 动词本身意义完整,其后无需跟宾语。如果接宾语,要先接介词或副词,没有被动语态。 come 来 run 跑 happen 发生 根据动词动作是否持续 延续性 动词 动作可持续,常与for/since等引导的时间状语连用。 study 学习 live 居住 work 工作 非延续性动词 动作不可持续,在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用;在否定句中与表示时间段的状语连用。 stop 停止 leave 离开 open 打开 (连)系动词 本身有词义,但不能单独作谓语,后面必须跟表语构成系表结构,否则意义不完整。 be 是 feel 感觉 look 看起来 助动词 本身无词义,不能单独作谓语,可用来构成各种时态、 语态、语气以及否定句和疑问句等。 be do have 情态动词 本身有词义,不能单独作谓语,与动词原形连用,构成谓语,一般没有人称和数的变化。 can 能;会 may 也许; 可能 must 必须 一、实义动词 实义动词是具有实际意义的动词,可单独作谓语。 1.及物动词和不及物动词 (1)及物动词(vt.) 根据其在句子中是否需要跟宾语可分为及物动词和不及物动词;能直接跟宾语的动词称为及物动词。英语中的动词大多数为及物动词。其具体分类如下: 分类 用法 例句 跟单宾语的及物动词 其后只跟一个宾语 I got a new book yesterday. 我昨天得到了一本新书。 跟双宾语的及物动词 可同时跟两个宾语。双宾语中一个宾语指人,称为间接宾语;一个宾语指物,称为直接宾语。通常间接宾语在前,直接宾语在后。直接宾语提前时,后面需加介词。 My grandmother told us a story last night. =My grandmother told a story to us last night. 我的奶奶昨晚给我讲了一个故事。 跟复合宾语 的及物动词 跟名词作宾语补足语 The chose him monitor of class. 他们选他当班长。 跟形容词作宾语补足语 Keep the window open. 让窗户开着。 跟介词短语作宾语补足语 You should keep the documents in the safe. 你应该把文件放在保险箱里。 跟动名词短语作宾语补足语 I found her crying in the corner. 我发现她正在角落哭泣。 跟不定式作宾语补足语 My mother asks me to get up early. 我妈妈让我早点起床。 跟现在分词作宾语补足语 Don’t keep your children watching TV all the time. 不要让你的孩子一直在看电视。 跟过去分词作宾语补足语 I must get my bicycle fixed. 我得让人修理一下我的自行车了。 温馨提示: 直接宾语提前时,需要加介词to的及物动词有:give、pass、lend、write、show、send、hand和bring这8个及物动词,当直接宾语前置时,必须在后面加上to。即“vt. +sth.+to+sb.”。可记忆为“七给”一“带”to不少。 (2)不及物动词(vi.) ①概念 本身意义完整,后面不必跟宾语的实义动词,叫作不及物动词(intransitive verb)。例如: I go to school by bike every day. 我每天骑自行车去上学。 We will arrive in Beijing tomorrow. 我们明天将到达北京。 ②常见的不及物动词: swim 游泳 run 跑 happen 发生 lie 躺 arrive 到达 stand 站立 come 来 go 去 cry 哭 sit 坐 sleep 睡觉 rise 升起 happen 发生 fall 掉落 leave 离开 live 居住 smile微笑 wait 等待 易错警示: 1.不及物动词后面不能直接跟宾语,如果要跟宾语,必须在不及物动词后加上相应的介词或副词。 He got to the station on time. 他准时到了车站。(got是不及物动词) They looked for the lost key everywhere. 他们到处找那把丢失的钥匙。(looked是不及物动词) 2.英语里有不少实义动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。如 answer、begin/start、close、improve、 learn、leave、prepare、sing. 这样的动词又有两种不同的情况: 试比较: The meeting starts at 9 a.m. 会议上午9点开始。(start为不及物动词) We started the project last month. 我们上个月启动了这个项目。(start为及物动词) (3)延续性动词 ①概念 延续性动词表示可以持续的动作,可以和表示一段时间的状语连用,如" for+一段时间”、“since +从句”、“since+时间点”、“how long”等。例如: He has lived here for five years.他住在这儿已经五年了。(延续性动词与“for+一段时间”连用) She has been working here ‌since 2010‌.她从2010年起就在这里工作了。(延续性动词与"since+时间点”连用) ②常见的延续性动词: 例词 例句 drink喝 lie躺 stand站立 1. She is drinking a cup of coffee. 她正在喝一杯咖啡。 2. They are waiting for the bus at the bus - stop. 他们正在公交站等公交车。 3. You should keep quiet in the library.  你应该在图书馆保持安静。 4. The children are playing football in the park.  孩子们正在公园里踢足球。 6. She likes to sing pop songs in the evening.  她喜欢在晚上唱流行歌曲。 keep保持 play玩 fly飞 watch观看 rain下雨 learn学习 read读 eat吃 study学习 work工作 have有 know认识 sleep睡觉 smoke抽烟 talk说话 wait等 wear穿 work工作 sing唱 play玩耍 write写 live居住 wait等待 run跑 知识拓展: 1.持续性动词表示一时的动作时,可以在该动词前加get/ begin/come to。 We got to know each other at the party last month.我们在上个月我的聚会上相识。 2.终止性动词一般不用于while引导的时间状语从句中。 When he arrived,I was reading.当他到达,我正在看书。 (4)非延续性动词 ①概念 非延续性动词又叫终止性动词或瞬间动词,表示动作是瞬间完成的,不能持续下来。 ②常见的非延续性动词: 例词 例句 sell出售 begin开始 1.He sold his old car last week. 他上周卖掉了他的旧汽车。 2.We will arrive in Shanghai tomorrow. 我们明天将到达上海。 3.He goes to school by bike every day. 他每天骑自行车去学校。 4.My mother bought a new dress for me yesterday. 我妈妈昨天给我买了一条新连衣裙。 5.I saw a beautiful bird in the tree just now. 我刚才看到树上有一只漂亮的鸟。 start开始 leave离开 arrive到达 go去 finish结束;完成 hear听见 buy买 come来 open打开 close关闭 reach抵达;到达 marry结婚 stop停止 see看见;看到 易错提示: 非延续性动词不可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。 1.Mr. Smith sold his house last month.史密斯先生上个月卖掉了他的房子。 错误用法:He has sold his computer for two weeks. 解析:“sell”是非延续性动词,其肯定句不能和“for two weeks”这样表示一段时间的状语连用。可改为“He sold his computer two weeks ago.”(他两周前卖了他的自行车。) 2.The football game started as soon as it stopped raining.雨一停足球比赛就开始了。  错误用法:Our class has started for 20 minutes.  解析:“start”为非延续性动词,肯定句不能与“for 20 minutes”连用。可修改为“Our class started 20 minutes ago.”(我们课20分钟前开始的。) 知识拓展: ①持续性动词表示一时的动作时,可以在该动词前加get/ begin/come to。  She began to enjoy painting after taking the art course. 参加艺术课后,她开始喜欢上绘画。 ②终止性动词一般不用于while引导的时间状语从句中。 When the bell rang, the students stopped talking immediately. 铃声响起时,学生们立刻停止了交谈。 二、系动词 系动词又称连系动词,是连接主语和表语的动词,后面一般跟形容词、名词等,说明主语的性质、特征、状态、身份、变化和结果等。 1.系动词分类: ①状态系:be动词(am/is/are/was/were) ②持续类:keep保持、remain维持、stay保持、stand处于 ③感官系动词:look看起来、sound听起来、feel摸起来/感觉、taste尝起来、smell闻起来 ④变化系动词:become变得、get变得、turn变成、go变得、fall陷入某种状态 ⑤表象系动词:seem似乎、appear显得、look看起来 2.系动词的用法: 类别 系动词 示例 状态类 用来表示主语状态,只有be动词(am/is/ are/ was/ were)。 Jenny is a helpful girl. 珍妮是一个乐于助人的女孩。 My dream is to be a scientist。 我的梦想是当一名科学家。 持续类 用来表示主语持续处于某种状态或保持某种情况,强调状态的延续性。主要有keep, stay, remain, lie等。 She keeps fit by walking after supper every day. 她每天晚饭后通过走路来保持健康。 She often stays up late to study for exams. 她经常为了备考而熬夜。 感官类 表示人类感官活动的动词,包括视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉和触觉,包括look, smell,sound, taste,feel。 The sky looks clear after the rain. 雨后的天空看起来很晴朗。 The flowers smell fragrant. 这些花闻起来很香。 变化类 这些系动词表示主语从一种状态变成另一种状态,主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run等。 She became a famous singer when she was very young. 她在很年轻的时候就成为一名著名的歌手。 Leaves turn yellow in autumn. 秋天树叶变黄了。 表象类 用来表示"看起来像;似乎;好像",主要有appear, seem, look。 He appears to be calm, but actually he's very nervous. 他看起来很镇定,但实际上他非常紧张。 This dress looks very suitable for you. 这条裙子看起来很适合你。 知识拓展: become、get、go、come表变化时的区别 1.become和get多指人的情绪或身体状态的变化,也用于表示天气的变化或社会的发展变化,两者可以互换。get是口语用得多,get能替代become, become较正式。 2.go多指由好到坏的变化,come可以表示向好的方面变化。例句如下: ①It's becoming/getting darker and windier. 天变得越来越黑,风也越来越大。 ②She became/got excited when she heard the good news. 听到这个好消息,她变得很兴奋。 If you eat such food you’ll get /become fat. 如果你吃那样的食物你会发胖的。 三、助动词 助动词本身无意义,只是帮助实义动词完成某些语法功能,如表示时态、语态,构成否定句、疑问句等,不能单独作谓语。助动词主要有be、do、have、shall、will等 。 1.助动词be的用法: be 用作助动词时,有人称、数和时态等的变化,可与现在分词构成进行时态,与过去分词构成被动语态。be的常见变形和用法如下: 人称 数 现在时态 过去时态 现在分词 过去分词 第一人称 单数 am was being been 复数 are were 第二人称 单/复数 are were 第三人称 单数 is was 复数 are were 用法 例句 构成现在进行时、过去进行时。 They are playing by the lake。 他们正在湖边玩耍。 构成现在/过去某种时态的被动语态。 We were invited to the party last week. 我们上周被邀请参加了那个派对。 知识拓展: be用作系动词和助动词的区别 1.be作系动词时,后面要接表语,构成系表结构,说明主语的状态、性质、特征等,句中一般不含有实义动词。  例句:The coffee is hot. 咖啡是热的。(说明主语的状态) 例句:This story is interesting.     这个故事很有趣。(说明主语的性质) 2.be作助动词时,用来协助主要动词,表示时态、语态、疑问、否定等,句中含有实义动词。 They were watching a movie at 8 o'clock last night.  昨晚八点他们正在看电影。(帮助表示过去进行时态) 记忆口诀: 助动词的用法 时态、人称、疑问、否, be,do,have,will/shall少不了。 现在分词表进行,离开be动事难行。 要想构成完成时,have,had做标志。 一般疑问句,助动词放到句首去。 变否定,也简单,助动词后面加not。 2. do的用法: 助动词主要帮助实义动词构成否定句和疑问句。有时可以放在谓语动词前面 起强调的作用,还可以代替前面刚出现过的动词以避免重现。do的第三人称单数是does,过去时是did。 用法 示例 构成疑问句 Do you want to pass the CET?你想通过大学英语测试吗? Did she visit the museum last weekend?她上周末去参观博物馆了吗? 构成否定句 Don't make noise in the library.不要在图书馆里吵闹。 I do not want to be criticized.我不想被批评。 表示强调 Do finish your homework on time.一定要按时完成你的作业。  Do remember to lock the door when you leave.你离开的时候一定要记得锁门。 代替上文出现过的词,避免重复 She dances more gracefully than you do.她跳舞比你跳得更优雅。 I like coffee,but my parents don’t.我喜欢喝咖啡,但我的父母不喜欢。 温馨提示: 1.助动词do 帮助实义动词构成 否定句或疑问句,以及对实义动词进行强调时,实义动词一定要用原形。 2.do本身也可作实义动词,这时在疑问句和否定句中仍要加助动词。 Do you understand this math problem? 你理解这道数学题吗? 记忆口诀: do的用法 实义动词“做”和“干”, 主语“单三”用does。 简略回答可用do, 代替“上述”免重复。 don't加“动原”构否定, do加陈述、疑问型。 3.助动have的用法: 助动词have在句中有人称、数和时态的变化,主要是与动词的过去分词构成完成时态。 形式 肯定式 缩略肯定式 否定式 缩略否定式 原形 have 've have not haven't,'ve not 第三人称单数 has 's has not hasn't,'s not 过去式 had 'd had not hadn't,'d not She has finished her homework ahead of schedule. 她已经提前完成了她的作业。(现在完成时) They told me they had moved to a new house last month. 他们告诉我他们上个月就已经搬到了新房子里。(过去完成时) 4.will、would、shall、should的用法 will、shall用于构成一般将来时,would、should用于构成过去将来时;shall、should主要用于第一人称;will、would可用于所有人称。 肯定式 缩略肯定式 否定式 缩略否定式 will 'll will not won't,'ll not would 'd would not wouldn't,'d not shall 'll shall not shan't should 'd should not shouldn't 例句: He will attend an important meeting next week. 他下周将参加一个重要的会议。 They said it would be fine the next day.他们说第二天会好起来的。 Shall we go for a walk after dinner? 我们晚饭后去散散步好吗? I thought I should finish the work by Friday. 我想我应该在星期五之前完成工作。 四、情态动词 情态动词本身有词义,但不能单独作谓语,需和实义动词或系表结构一起构成谓语,表明说话者对某一行为的态度和观点,主要包括揣测、判断、需要、可能、各种意愿等。情态动词无人称和数的变化(have to 除外);情态动词后必须接动词原形。 1.常见的情态动词及其否定式 情态动词 否定式 否定缩略形式 情态动词 否定式 否定缩略形式 can cannot can't could could not couldn't may may not might might not must must not mustn't shall shall no should should not shouldn't will will not won't would would not wouldn't need need not needn't have to do not have to don't have to ought to ought not to oughtn't to dare dare not daren't had better had better not d better not 2.常见的情态动词的用法: 情态动词 含义及用法 示例 can/ could 表示现在的能力,意为“能、会”, could为can的过去式。否定式can't/ couldn't,意为“不能,不会”。 She can speak three languages. 他会说三种语言。 He could swim when he was five. 他五岁时会游泳。 表示请求、允许,意为“可以”;当需要委婉表达时用could;回答用can或can't/ cannot。 Can I use your pen? 我能用你的笔吗? Could I borrow your book? 我能借你的书吗? 表示推测,常用于否定句和疑问句中;can't表示否定推测,语气强烈,意为“不可能”。 That can’t be Mary.She has gone abroad. 那不可能是玛丽。她出国了。 must 表示主观语气,有必要或有义务去做某事,表示“必须、一定”。 You should study hard. 你应该努力学习。 表示推测,意为“一定是”“准是”,指有根据的、比较有把握的推测。 He must be sleeping now. 他现在一定是在睡觉。 意为“非要、偏要”,表示气恼或愤怒。 Must you waste so much time? 你偏要浪费这么多时间吗? may 表示请求、许可,用来征求对方的意见,比can 更正式,肯定回答常用can,否定回答用mustn't/can't/ may not。 —May we leave early today? 我们今天可以早点走吗? —Yes, you can. / No, you mustn't. 可以。/ 不可以。 表示允许、同意某人做某事,可与can互换。 You may come if you wish. 如果你想来,你就来。 表示可能性,意为“也许、可能”。 His answer may be right. 他的回答可能是对的。 表示祝愿,在正式场合或书面语中表示祝愿时,常放在句首。 May you have a good time! 祝你玩得愉快! might may的过去式,常用于间接引语中。 She worried that I might be angry. 她担心我可能会生气。 表示请求、许可,语气比may委婉。 He asked if he might go home. 他问他是否可以回家。 表示不确定的推测,意为“可能”,可能性小于may,语气更委婉。 She might not come to the party. 她可能不会来参加派对。 need 意为“需要”;否定形式为needn’t,意为“不需要”。以must开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答needn’t 或don’t have。 —Must I wash my clothes at once,Mom? 我必须马上洗衣服吗,妈妈? —No,you needn’t.You may wash them before 5:00 p.m. 不,你不需要。你可以在下午5点前清洗它们。 should 可以表示责任或义务,也可以表示劝诫或建议,意为“应该”。 You should eat more vegetables. 你应该多吃蔬菜。 表示提供或征求建议。 What should I do? 我该怎么办? Should I trust him? 我应该相信他吗? 表示做某事是正确或明智的,往往表示说话者的观点。 I think the young people should really respect their elders. 我认为年轻人真应当尊敬他们的长辈。 表示征求意见,常用于疑问句。 Should I take my temperature? 我要量体温吗? ought to 可以表示责任或义务,也可以表示劝诫或建议,意为“应该”。 You ought to be more careful next time. 下次你应该更小心才是。 表示根据一定的依据进行推测,意为“按道理说应该”。 We ought to protect the environment. 我们应该保护环境。 shall 用于主语是第一、三人称的疑问句时,表示请求或征求对方意见。 Shall we go for a picnic this Sunday? 这个周日我们去野餐好吗? 用于第二、三人称的陈述句中,表示说话者的意图、决心、许诺、命令、警告、威胁等。 Anyone who breaks the rules shall be punished. 任何违反规则的人都将受到惩罚。 will/ would 表示请求对方做某事或提出建议和邀请(would比will语气更委婉、客气) Will you come with us? 你会和我们一起去吗? 表示自愿做或主动提出做某事,如意志、愿望或决心等。 I will never give up my dream of becoming a teacher. 我永远不会放弃当老师的梦想。 had better “最好”,表示劝告和建议。否定形式h a d better not,“最好不要”。 We'd better not stay up late before the exam. 考试前我们最好不要熬夜。 have to 多表示客观必要,即客观要求(无奈)而为之,意为“不得不”,有人称、数和时态的变化。由have to构成的一般疑问句中,肯定回答用must;否定回答用needn’t 或don’t/ doesn’t have to。 Do I have to attend the meeting tomorrow? 我明天必须参加会议吗? —Yes, you must. / No, you don't have to. 是的,必须参加。/ 不,不用。 dare 用作情态动词,没有人称和数的变化,但有过去式(dared)。主要用于否定句、疑问句、条件句中。 She daren't refuse his invitation directly. 她不敢直接拒绝他的邀请。 used to 意为“曾经”,表示过去常常做某事或曾经存在某种状态,used to后跟动词原形,没有人称和数的变化;否定形式为usedn’t to或didn’t use to。 My father used to play basketball every weekend. 我爸爸以前每个周末都打篮球。 shall的口诀助记: shall二、三人称用,允诺、命令、要求加警告。 shall问句表征询,第一人称用得妙。 need的口诀助记: need 作情态动词, 此时不常用肯定; 其后直接跟动词, 多用疑问和否定。 need作实义动词,后接名、代、不定式。 need后接动名词,主动形式表被动。 知识拓展: “needn't have+过去分词” 表示“本不必做但实际上做了某事”。 We had plenty of bread,so I needn't have bought another loaf. 我们有许多面包,因此我本没有必要再买一条。 易混辨析: need后加 to do说明need为实义动词,需用助动词构成疑问句或否定句;need后加doing 表示被动意义;若need后加do,则need为情态动词。 3.常见的情态动词辨析 类别 用法 例句 can/could/ be able to的区别 can和could只能用于一般现在时或一般过去时,而be able to可用于各种时态;be able to可与情态动词连用,can则不能。 I could run fast then, won't be able to later. 那时我能跑得很快,之后就不能了。 can更侧重于表达主语本身就具备的能力,这种能力是内在的、固有的。而be able to则更侧重于描述通过努力或学习后获得的能力,或者是在某个具体条件下才能实现的可能性。 She can sing high notes naturally. 她天生就能唱高音。 He was able to cook after classes. 上完课他就能做饭了。 can和could表示能力、允许、许可或推测,但be able to只表示能力。 You can take this seat,if you want. 如果你愿意,你可以坐这个座位。 表示成功地做了某事时,只能用was/were able to,这时was/were able to相当于managed to,表示经过一番努力,终于能够完成某事。 He was able to climb the hill.(他成功爬上了山。)=He managed to climb the hill. must和have to的区别 must 只有现在时一种形式(在宾语从句中可以表示过去),而have to则有多种时态形式。 She said she must go home. 她说她必须回家。 They'll have to work overtime. 他们将不得不加班。 must意为“必须”时,表示主观需要或有必要做某事通常着重指说话者的主观看法;而have to表示因环境所迫而做某事,着重于客观需要,意为“不得不”。 It’s late. I have to go now. 时间晚了。我得走了。 It’s late. I must go now. 时间很晚了。我必须走了。 must没有人称、数和时态的变化,否定形式mustn’t,意为“不许,禁止”,have to有人称、数和时态的变化,否定形式为don’t/ doesn’t have to,意为“不必”,相当于needn’t。 You mustn’t tell him about it. 你一定不要告诉他这件事。 You don’t have to tell him about it. 你不必告诉他这件事。 need 作实义动词时,主要用于肯定句中,有人称、时态和数的变化,后常接带to的不定式。其否定式和疑问式都要借助助动词do。 He needs some money to buy new clothes. 他需要一些钱来买新衣服。 dare 用作实义动词,有人称、时态和数的变化,意为“敢于”。肯定句中要跟带to的不定式,而在否定句或疑问句中to可要可不要。 I do not dare(to)complain about the hard work. (=I dare not complain about the hard work.) 我不敢抱怨工作辛苦。 ★知识点3 动词的基本形式 英语中动词有五种基本形式,即动词原形、现在分词、一般现在时的第三人称单数、过去式和过去分词。 1. 动词原形:没有经过任何变形,即在词典词目中所使用的动词形式。如:be, do, have, come等 。 2. 动词第三人称单数形式变化规则: 规则 发音规律 示例 一般情况下加-s 在清辅音后读/s/ help→helps sit→sits坐 在元音音素或浊辅音后读/z/ know→knows知道 play→plays玩 read→reads阅读 以字母s,x,ch,sh结尾的动词,加-es -es读作/Iz/ pass→passes通过 watch→watches finish→finishes完成 以字母o结尾的动词加-es -es读作/z/ do→does做;干 go→goes去;走 以“辅音字母+-y”结尾的动词,变y为i再加-es -es读作/Iz/ carry→carries携带 study→studies学习 worry→worries担心 口诀助记: 动词有单三,词尾常把-s添。 词尾若是s,ch,sh,直接加上-es。 词尾有字母o上-es不用愁。 辅音字母加y,要把y变i再加-es。 3.规则动词的现在分词变化规则: 规则 示例 一般情况下直接加-ing sleep→sleeping睡觉 buy→buying购买 以不发音的e结尾的动词,去掉e再加-ing write→writing写 use→using使用 以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音 字母的动词,双写词尾辅音字母后再加-ing sit→sitting开始 put→putting放 以ie结尾的动词,先变ie为y,再加-ing die→dying死 lie→lying躺 以ee结尾的动词,直接加-ing see→seeing看见 以w或x结尾的动词,直接加-ing snow→snowing下雪 4.规则动词的过去式和过去分词变化规则 规则 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 一般情况下,动词原形后加-ed look looked looked help helped helped work worked worked 动词词尾为不发音的字母e,加-d like liked liked hope hoped hoped live lived lived 动词词尾为“辅音字母+y”,变y为i, 再加-ed try tried tried study studied studied cry cried cried 以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,则双写该辅音字母后加-ed plan planned planned stop stopped stopped nod nodded nodded 03·题型通关·靶向突破 考点一 题型破解 考点1 动词词义辨析&动词填空 考查题型:单项选择、完形填空、单句填空、语篇填空 命题特点‌: ①语境决定性‌:选项动词含义相近(如speak, try, cook),选择取决于上下文逻辑。 ②逻辑关联性‌:根据句子的因果、转折、目的等逻辑关系,选择动词。 ③生活化场景‌:语篇主题围绕日常生活、个人经历等,在真实情境考查词汇辨析。 考点 2 动词填空 考查题型:单句填空、语篇填空 A卷单项选择‌:‌谓语动词‌的时态、语态过去进行时、现在完成时、被动语态 B卷短文填空‌:‌谓语‌(时态语态)与‌非谓语动词‌(to do/doing/done) 命题特点‌: 词形变化 (主要和时态、语态或非谓语、动词),具体如下: ①标志词明确‌:时间状语(at that time、at noon、today、yesterday、usually、for、since等) ②推断主动被动:从上下文、句子结构来推断出动作状态(主动/被动)。 ③非谓语融入语篇‌:根据句子结构(如目的状语用to do,伴随动作用doing)判断形式。 考点3 情态动词辨析& 填空‌ 考查题型 单项选择、完形填空、单句填空、语篇填空 A卷单项选择‌:辨析情态动词的‌推测语气‌(must肯定、may/might可能、cant’否定)。 B卷完成对话/填空‌:根据语境选择表‌建议、能力、义务‌的情态动词(如 should建议、can能力)。 命题特点‌: 1.单项选择必考,根据句子情境、句子时态或语气强弱等选择情态动词。 2.在对话中,情态动词的选择服务于上下文的情感和意图。 考点二 解题要点 ★考点和题型 考点1 动词词义辨析&动词填空 考查题型 单项选择、完形填空、单句填空、语篇填空 一、例题: —Mr Li, I can't understand everything in class. —Don't worry! I'll______the main points at the end. A. record B. review C. require D. remember 【答案】B 【解析】句意:一李老师,我不能理解课上的所有东西。一别担心!在最后我将复习主要的要点。考查动词辨析。record记录;review复习;request要求;remember记住。根据"Don’t worry!”可以推断,应该是指“复习”要点。故选B。 二、解题技巧‌: 步骤一:掌握动词词形变化的规则,判断空处应填的词性。 步骤二:判断主语与动词的关系‌。是主动还是被动,注意被动语态用be done形式。 步骤三:找出句中的时间状语(如today、yesterday、for、since等)或时间点,确定时态。 步骤四:分析句子结构‌。判断动词在句中作谓语还是非谓语。 步骤五:代入原句,检查时态、语态、主谓是否一致,句意是否通顺。 考点2 情态动词辨析考&填空 考查题型 单项选择、完形填空、单句填空、语篇填空‌ 一、例题: (2025·四川成都·三模)—I watched a Sichuan Opera show yesterday. The actors______change from red faces to blue faces quickly. —Wow! That must be amazing. A. Could B. must C. should 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——我昨天看了一场川剧表演。演员们能够快速从红脸变成蓝脸。—哇!那一定很令人惊叹。考查动词辨析。could能够;must必须,一定;should应该。根据“change from red faces to blue faces quickly”描述的是演员具备的能力,could有“能够;可以”表示能力的含义,符合语境。故选A。 二、必备知识‌: 1.can/could:能力、许可(could更委婉)、can可能性(推测)。 2.may/might:许可、可能性(might更不确定)。 3.must:必须、肯定推测(一定)。 4.should:应该、建议。 5.can’t:不可能(否定推测)。 根据语气判断‌:根据‌语气、态度、观点‌选择情态动词。 肯定推测(证据强)‌:must 可能推测(证据弱)‌:may/might/could 否定推测(不可能)‌:can’t 三、解题技巧‌: 步骤一:阅读题干,根据句子的意思判断空格需要填入的情态动词的意义。 步骤二:分析选项的用法,结合上下文的情感、意图和逻辑判断形式,并进行恰当的变形。 步骤三:‌情态动词后接‌动词原形‌。在填空时,直接填入情态动词本身。 步骤四:将答案代入语境,再次验证答案是否正确。 04·优选精选·练能提分 一、单项选择 ★动词辨析 1.(2025·四川成都·二模)The weather report says it’s fine tomorrow. It ________ rainy, so we can go hiking then. A.can’t be B.mustn’t be C.needn’t be 2.(2025·江苏连云港·二模)World Glacier (冰川) Day is set to _________ people to work together to save glaciers in danger. A.explain B.describe C.remind D.introduce 3.(2025·四川成都·模拟预测)After knowing how much shark fins ________, I understand why so many sharks are killed. A.weigh B.cost C.spend 4.(2025·福建福州·三模)Some officers have turned into live streamers (网络主播) to help ________ product sales. A.improve B.provide C.afford 5.(2025·四川成都·三模)—I watched a Sichuan Opera show yesterday. The actors ________ change from red faces to blue faces quickly. —Wow! That must be amazing. A.could B.must C.should 6.(2025·福建泉州·模拟预测)On cold days, Jiuxian Mountain in Dehua________ many people for the beautiful rime (雾凇). A.attracts B.worries C.stops 7.(2025·四川成都·二模)In Chinese culture, it’s polite ________ a cup of tea to guests when they visit the home. A.to show B.to sell C.to offer 8.(2025·福建福州·三模)—How can we ________ O2? —Follow this: 2KMnO4 K2MnO4+MnO2+O2↑ A.invent B.produce C.reflect 9.(2025·湖北武汉·二模)—The China Pavilion ________ the visitors at Expo Osaka 2025 in Japan. —Wow! Its design truly shows Chinese culture and wisdom. A.praised B.disappointed C.impressed D.admired 10.(2025·吉林·中考真题)The earth is our home. Everyone should begin with small things to ________ it. A.protect B.move C.leave 11. (2025·西藏·中考真题)You ________ wear a helmet (头盔) when you ride an E-bike. A.have to B.has to C.can’t D.shouldn’t 12.(2025·四川成都·二模)The documentary (纪录片) Earth Protecting teaches children ________ environmental love. A.to afford B.to face C.to spread 13.(2025·湖北武汉·三模)—Song of Autumn by Liu Yuxi describes autumn in a different way. —I agree. Most poets describe this season to ________ a feeling of sadness, but in Liu’s eyes, autumn is full of life and hope. A.shut B.express C.respect D.invite 14.(2024·四川成都·二模)—Tony, can AI (人工智能) help us predict extreme weather? —Maybe it can. It was reported that an AI model ________ by Google predicted Hurricane Lee (飓风李) three days before weather station in America. A.created B.discovered C.influenced 15.(2024·四川成都·一模)—How long may I ________ the book? —For 2 weeks. You have to return by September 21st. A.keep B.borrow C.lend ★动词时态辨析 1.(2025·四川成都·模拟预测)The great day we looked forward to ________ at last. A.come B.came C.coming D.comes 2.(2025·四川成都·二模)My grandma ________ zongzi every Dragon Boat Festival and I like zongzi with beans best. A.makes B.will make C.has made 3.(2025·四川成都·模拟预测)—We’d better not shout at him after he comes back home, OK? His teacher ________ him for his mistake. —All right. A.punished B.had punished C.has punished 4.(2025·四川成都·三模)—Listen! Some singers ________ My Homeland. —Yes. They express their love for their country with their beautiful voices. A.sang B.are singing C.sing 5.(2025·四川成都·模拟预测)—Are you sure there are enough candles for the birthday cake? —Yes. I _______ them twice. A.count B.will count C.have counted 6.(2025·四川成都·模拟预测)This February, the 9th Asian Winter Games ________ in Harbin, a city full of beauty and liveliness. A.takes place B.took place C.has taken place 7.(2025·四川成都·二模)The outdoor basketball match ______ if the rainstorm continues tomorrow. A.was put off B.is put off C.will be put off 8.(2025·四川成都·二模)—Sam, I called you last night, but you didn’t answer. —Oh, sorry, I ______ Beethoven’s Moonlight Sonata in the music hall at that time. A.am performing B.performed C.was performing 9.(2025·四川成都·模拟预测)—Was table tennis invented by Chinese people? —No. It _______ in China until the beginning of the 20th century. A.was played B.didn’t play C.wasn’t played ★情态动词辨析 1.(2025·海南省直辖县级单位·三模)—Mum, ________ I ride the electric bike to the countryside with my classmates this weekend? —No, you can’t. It’s too dangerous. A.must B.could C.should 2.(2025·四川成都·二模)Life ________ be easy or difficult; sometimes it depends on how you look at it. A.should B.must C.can 3.(2025·海南海口·二模)—Jeffery, which topic will you choose for your speech? —Uh... I____________ choose “My Sweet Memory”. I have to ask Mr. Li for advice first, and then make a decision. A.must B.may C.can 4.(2025·湖北武汉·二模)—What can I do for you? —I’ve lost my bank card, so I need to ________ it and get a new one. A.fix B.avoid C.report D.finish 5.(2025·湖北武汉·三模)—Shall we get up early to watch the sunrise at the Lingbo Gate? —Certainly. Nothing can ________ a view like that! A.beat B.move C.manage D.imagine 6.(2025·云南昆明·三模)—Can I leave now, Miss White? —Yes. And you ________ come here early tomorrow since everything is ready now. A.must B.mustn’t C.need to D.don’t have to 7.(2025·福建泉州·三模)—Australia passed a law last November to ________ people under 16 using social media. —It’s a good way to make sure of the safety of teenagers. A.avoid B.keep C.prevent 8.(2025·安徽·模拟预测)—The human-like robot can run faster than a person. That’s amazing! —Yes. Scientists design different programs to ________ it, which shows the power of technology. A.control B.discover C.encourage D.describe 9.(2025·安徽宣城·二模)Many young students want to be famous and popular. But to make this dream come true, they really ______ a lot of talent and hard work. A.create B.behave C.manage D.require 10.(2025·江苏连云港·中考真题)New types of energy from the sun, wind and water ________ little pollution and will never run out. A.burn B.recycle C.separate D.produce 11.(2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题)On the Dragon Boat Festival, my mother cooked delicious zongzi and ________ them on the plate. A.laid B.lay C.lain 12.(2025·湖北武汉·中考真题)—Why do you often wear white clothes in summer? —Clothes of this color ________ the heat, so I don’t feel that hot. A.spread B.reflect C.increase D.bring 13.(2024·四川成都·中考真题)The cartoon movie Chang An shows how important it is ________ life’s problems with a smile. A.to find B.to check C.to face 14.(2024·四川成都·一模)—Mr. Li, what’s your opinion about the Palestine-Israel conflict (巴以冲突)? —I really hope that the two sides can stop bombing (轰炸) to ________ a more serious disaster (灾难). Definitely, this is not our world! A.produce B.support C.prevent 15.(2024·四川成都·二模)—Tony, can AI (人工智能) help us predict extreme weather? —Maybe it can. It was reported that an AI model ________ by Google predicted Hurricane Lee (飓风李) three days before weather station in America. A.created B.discovered C.influenced ★被动语态 1.(2025·四川成都·一模)More trees________on our campus next Tree Planting Day. A.were planted B.are planted C.may be planted 2.(2025·四川成都·模拟预测)The 9th Asian Winter Games _______ successfully in Harbin from February 7 to 14, 2025. A.held B.was holding C.was held 3.(2025·四川达州·二模)—Would you mind telling me if he ________ the meeting in five days? —He won’t, unless he ________. A.will attend; is invited B.attends; will be invited C.will attend; invites 4.(2025·四川成都·二模)The Chinese Spring Festival ______ to UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage (非物质文化遗产) list last December. A.was added B.is added C.will be added 5.(2025·四川成都·二模)The first “Sichuan Opera Theme Bus” in China ________ to Chengdu on January 31, 2025. A.was introduced B.is introduced C.will be introduced 6.(2025·四川成都·二模)The Winter Olympics ________ in 2026 in Italy, and many people are looking forward to it. A.will be held B.was held C.is holding 2026”可知,这是一个将来的时间,所以要用一般将来时,谓语结构为will be done。故选A。 7.(2025·四川成都·一模)Starting from January 2025, the Spring Festival holiday ________ from the previous three days to four days, including the eve of the Chinese Lunar New Year. A.increased B.is increasing C.will be increased 8.(2025·吉林松原·模拟预测)AI technology ______ by more and more people all over the world. A.is used B.are used C.use 9.(2025·四川凉山·模拟预测)In order to meet the people’s growing needs for reading, a new library ________ in the center of the city last year. A.is built B.has been built C.was built 10.(2025·江西赣州·一模)The highly-praised Chinese film Ne Zha 2: The Devil Child Comes to the Sea which is the highest-grossing (票房最高的) film ________ by Jiaozi. A.was directed B.directed C.had been directed D.has directed 11.(2025·江西吉安·一模)—I think it’s more and more important for us to protect our environment. —I agree with you. Air and water ________ seriously. A.is polluted B.are polluting C.Pollute D.are being polluted 12.(2025·安徽亳州·二模)As China grows stronger and stronger, Chinese _________ in more and more schools out of our country. A.teaches B.is taught C.has taught D.was taught 13.(24-25九年级上·江苏常州·月考)We’re not sure if they ________ the concert in two weeks. If it ________, they must practice hard. A.will hold, holds B.will hold, is held C.hold, will be held D.hold, holds 14.(2025·海南省直辖县级单位·三模)Playing too much online games is harmful to teenagers’ health. I think the games ________. A.should turn off B.should be turned off C.turn off 15.(2025·广东汕头·三模)Hangzhou, the capital city of Zhejiang Province, ________ by the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA) to host the 2022 Asian Games. A.was chosen B.is chosen C.will choose D.will be chosen 16.(2025·海南海口·模拟预测)Look at the ad below. Lessons for guitar, bass, piano, drums and voice lessons ________ in Paul’s Guitar Shop. A.offer B.offered C.are offered 17.(2025·江苏扬州·三模)—It takes me nearly two hours on the way to work. It makes me very upset. —Don’t worry. It will become much more convenient when the underground ________ next year. A.builds B.will build C.is built D.will be built 18.(2025·云南昆明·三模)President Xi Jinping ______ for a cup of coffee in the Old Town of Li Jiang on Wednesday and commented that Yunnan coffee represents China. A.invited B.was invited C.was inviting D.is invited 19.(2025·福建福州·三模)The Spring Festival ________ to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录) on December 4, 2024. A.was added B.is added C.added 20.(2025·福建厦门·二模)According to iMedia Research, the Chinese herbal drinks (草药饮品) market ________ to reach 100 billion yuan in 2028. A.is expected B.expects C.will expect 二、单词拼写 1.(2025·四川成都·三模)A Dream of Red Mansions(《红楼梦》) has been t into more than 30 languages and spread to many countries. 2.(2025·四川成都·二模)If salt is s onto the ice, the freezing temperature will be lower than 0℃. 3.(2025·四川成都·一模)Lion or dragon dances are i in the celebrations of Spring Festival. 4.(2025·四川成都·模拟预测)The astronauts of Shenzhou XVIII spacecraft returned to the earth safely on November 4, 2024, after c a six-month space station mission (任务). 5.(2025·四川成都·二模)Planning a big party is really a headache because you need to c your guests’ preferences, the relationship and so on. 6.(2025·四川成都·一模)“Being independent” is a quality highly v in the US. So when kids turn 18, they usually move out of their parents’ house and begin to support themselves. 7.(2025·四川成都·二模)Family members sitting together and c is a good way to solve family problems. 8.(2025·四川成都·二模)Planning a big party is really a headache because you need to c your guests’ preferences, the relationship and so on. 9.(2025·四川成都·模拟预测)The increasing number of homeless people at war reminds us to v the peace our home country provides for us. 10.(2025·四川成都·一模)It is well known that art is a mirror r our real world. 11.(2025·四川成都·三模)Although electronic books are common, the joy of reading a paper book r a special experience. 12.(2025·四川成都·三模)China has successfully e the far side of the Moon with the Chang’e-4 mission, becoming the first country to land a rover there. 13.(2025·四川成都·模拟预测)The coach has m many times that teamwork is the most important for us to win the competition. 三、补全对话 (一) (2025·四川成都·模拟预测改编)完成对话。在空格中填上适当的单词,使对话完整正确,一空一词(含缩写词)。 A: Wenshu Monastery? Isn’t it a famous Buddhist (佛教) temple in Chengdu? B: Exactly! But it’s more than just a temple. It’s also known for its delicious vegetarian food. I’ve heard the vegetarian hot pot there is amazing. Its dishes are mainly made with tofu, mushrooms, and other plant-based materials/ingredients. They not only look like meat, but also 1 like it. The “vegetarian duck”and “vegetarian fish” are really worth a try. A: Are they expensive? B: Not at all. The prices there can be 2 by the common people. (二) (2025·四川成都·一模改编)在空格中填上适当的单词,使对话完整正确。一空一词(含缩写词)。 Jenny and Curry are planning for the Life Education Week in their school. (J for Jenny; C for Curry) J: I’m planning for the Life Education Week in our school. Do you have any ideas for it, Curry? C: Life education? What does it mean? J: You know, teenagers are now facing too much pressure because of all kinds of competitions and challenges. Some students can’t even stand any failure. This makes them most likely to become mentally ill, or even worse, hurt themselves. So schools need to help them learn to respect life, and understand the meaning of life. C: So life education does sound very important/necessary as it can not only teach students to have a positive opinion about life, but also 1 students harming themselves. (三) (2025·四川成都·模拟预测)在空格中填上适当的单词,使对话完整正确。一空一词(含缩写词)。 A: They take full advantage of the space to provide a relaxing environment for people. That sounds brilliant. B: I can’t agree more. Pocket parks don’t take up too much space, but they’re nicely 1 with different kinds of plants and beautiful paintings. In these areas, you can take a walk, have a picnic with friends, or even do some light exercise like tai chi or yoga. A: It seems that they’re also suitable for children to have fun. What 2 pocket parks truly special? B: I think it’s their ability to 3 as gathering place for local communities. They offer a space where neighbors can meet, chat, and get to know each other. Even a simple smile or friendly nod for 4 one another can brighten someone’s day. 四、完形填空 (一) (2025·四川成都·模拟预测改编)There was a farmer skilled at growing apples. One morning, he noticed a bad apple sitting on his prized apple tree. “If it 1 , the other apples will go bad,” he thought. He used a catapult to shoot it, but he missed each time and knocked several good apples down. Next, he got a(n) stick, but it wasn’t helpful either. When he tried to reach the bad apple up high with it, he knocked more good apples down. Then, he tried shaking the tree to make the bad apple fall, but no matter how hard he shook, it stayed in place, and more good apples fell. Feeling 2 , the farmer left. Later, the farmer 3 something important. In all his efforts to remove the bad apple, he had caused many other apples to fall. Sometimes, we spend too much time and effort watching “one bad apple” in our lives. What we 4 are the other wonderful apples we already have. 1.A.sits B.drops C.spreads 2.A.surprised B.embarrassed C.disappointed 3.A.achieved B.realized C.completed 4.A.hide B.forget C.trust (二) (2025·四川成都·模拟预测)Taiping nijiaojiao is a traditional toy with a history of more than 1,000 years in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu. It’s a clay toy, but it can make wonderful sounds. So it can be 41 as a whistle (哨子). Taiping nijiaojiao is made of mud (泥浆) from the local mountain. It takes more than ten steps to make it and the key one is kneading (捏) it with hands. You can knead it into anything, like animals or plants. It’s hard to make Taiping nijiaojiao. But when you finally make it, you will feel very 43 . About 20 years ago, Zhou Baokang first noticed Taiping nijiaojiao in Huashan village and soon became interested in it. Then he learned how to make it from the local artists. In order to let more people know about this art, he has opened a museum to 44 it, and he also teaches kids to make toys at schools. There are many traditional art forms in China, but some of them have been lost. Luckily, Taiping nijiaojiao is kept to this day. 41.A.used B.imagined C.recorded 42.A.relaxed B.proud C.surprised 44.A.research B.protect C.introduce (三) (2025·四川成都·模拟预测改编)Jiang-Zhang is from Shangrao, Jiangxi Province. She lost both of her legs after she was 1 by a fast-running car at the age of six. When the accident happened, it was actually JiangZhang who tried to comfort her mother. “ When you don’t cry, I feel much better,” Jiang-Zhang 2 telling her mom. Jiang-Zhang started to learn to 3 a year after the accident. Many teachers did not know how to teach her. But her mother finally found one who agreed to teach her. Over the years, Jiang-Zhang and her mother have performed on big stages (舞台) many times. Their dances have 4 the hearts of many people. 1.A.hit B.killed C.taken 2.A.kept B.imagined C.avoided 3.A.write B.sing C.dance 4.A.lost B.hurt C.touched (四) (2025·山西·中考真题改编) ①A man couldn’t stand up for two years. Beinao-1 sends small electrical signals (信号) to his legs. After using it, he is able to take some small steps with others’ help. A woman had trouble speaking. When she thinks of words in her mind, Beinao-1 turns her thoughts into text on a screen. Now she 1 “talk” to her family again. ②For example, if a disabled person thinks “I want to drink water”, a robotic arm can pick up a cup, fill it with water, lift it carefully to the person’s mouth, and finally put it back. In this way, Beinao-1 helps disabled people 2 things by thoughts. 1.A.can B.must C.should 2.A.believe B.control C.protect (五) (2025·四川成都·模拟预测改编) ①His 1 have brought endless happiness to children. In order that more children across the world can understand his stories, many of those tales have been 2 . Andersen was born in Denmark in 1805. When he was still a young boy, he was already very imaginative. He created a small toy theater and made different clothes for his puppets (玩偶). He also loved reading. ②In 1816, Andersen’s father died and he had to learn to be a tailor (裁缝) to 3 himself. Later he worked in a factory. At the age of 14, Andersen moved to Copenhagen, the capital of Denmark to become a(n) 4 and gave performances in the Royal Danish Theater. ③In the spring of 1872, Andersen fell out of bed and didn’t get well again. He lived until 1875 and died peacefully at the home of his close friend, 5 plenty of stories that teach us to love and to be kind. 1.A.promises B.secrets C.works 2.A.translated B.instructed C.improved 3.A.teach        ` B.feed C.enjoy 4.A.taking B.leaving C.spreading 1 / 18 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 专题05 中考英语动词精讲与精练 目 录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻.............................................. 1 02·时空导航·网络构建 2 03·题型通关·靶向突破 17 04·优选精选·练能提分 19 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 考查维度 核心内容 说明/示例 核心考点 1.动词词义辨析(高频) 2.动词填空(高频) 3.情态动词辨析(高频) 常考题型 单项选择、单句填空、完形填空、语篇填空 考查角度 1.词形变化(与时态、语态或非谓语动词相关) 2变反义词(多为加否定词缀) 命题理念 通过创设真实或模拟的语言环境,考查考生在语境中运用动词的能力。 既考查基本知识的掌握,注重综合语言运用能力,分析问题、解决问题的能力。 命题特点 1.结合语境化考查‌: 动词的考查深度融合在完整的句子、对话和语篇,需理解上下文逻辑判断时态、语态、主谓一致等。(如:24年完形B篇,helped,guess) 2.基础性与综合性:‌ 全面覆盖核心动词用法,注重与句法结构(如宾语从句、状语从句)、词义辨析综合考查。 3.贴近生活与时代‌: 素材源于校园生活、社会热点、文化传统、科技发展等主题,具有时代感和教育意义。 4.强调思维与逻辑‌: 完形填空、阅读中动词选择依赖于对情节发展、人物情感变化和逻辑关系的深度理解。 命题 预测 ‌1.深化语境考查‌: 动词考点继续延申之前的特点,结合复杂的语篇与情境,进一步强化对语篇的理解能力。 2.综合运用能力‌: 一道题涉及多个知识点,或要求考生需通读全文选最恰当的动词形式。 3.聚焦时代脉搏‌: 动词的考查助力反映社会、科技、中华传统文化、健康成长、成都特色文化等主题意义的表达。 4.思维升级‌: 完形填空中动词的选择更依赖对人物情感、深层逻辑等的推断;阅读需理解准确含义。 核心知 识点 1.时态‌: 现在完成时与since/for的连用、过去进行时作为背景描述、语境中区分一般过去时和现在完成时。(如:24年六大题7小题since) 2.语态‌: 在科技成果、文化活动、社会变化等语篇中考查一般现在时和一般将来时的被动语态。 3.情态动词‌: 在对话和议论性语篇中考查must, might, could等表推测的用法(25年A卷六大题,must,might, can’t等)。 4.非谓语动词‌: 不定式作目的状语和宾补、动名词作介宾语和动宾语(固定搭配)。(如:24年六大题10题It is+adj.+to do作主语) 5.词义辨析‌: 在叙事性完形填空中考查动作动词的精准使用。(25年完形B篇A.continued B.failed C.started) 备考策略 1.构建知识体系‌: 系统梳理动词语法项目,形成知识网络图,理解各知识点的关联与区别。 2.语境化学习‌: 结合典型的例句和微语境理解记忆,多做完形和阅读,分析语境的线索。 3.强化分析能力‌: 完形填空把握主旨、脉络和人物情感,通过上下文复现词汇、同义转述和逻辑关联词。 4.注重积累与辨析‌: 建立错题本,收录错题,归类对比易混动词,写出例句。 5.研究真题,把握命题‌: 深入研究近3-5年真题的动词题目,分析考点分布、题干和选项干扰点,模拟题进行演练。 6.提升综合素养‌: 广泛的阅读课内教材和课外读物积累动词,在写作中准确地运用动词形式。 02·时空导航·网络构建 ★知识点1 动词的分类 动词是用来描述主语动作或状态的词。动词在句中作谓语,是句子不可缺少的部分,用来说明主语是什么、做什么或处于什么状态。 类别 用法 示例 实义动词 根据动词后是否接宾语 及物 动词 一般情况下,其后跟宾语意义才完整,有被动语态。 give 给 like 喜欢 take 拿;取 不及物 动词 动词本身意义完整,其后无需跟宾语。如果接宾语,要先接介词或副词,没有被动语态。 come 来 run 跑 happen 发生 根据动词动作是否持续 延续性 动词 动作可持续,常与for/since等引导的时间状语连用。 study 学习 live 居住 work 工作 非延续性动词 动作不可持续,在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用;在否定句中与表示时间段的状语连用。 stop 停止 leave 离开 open 打开 (连)系动词 本身有词义,但不能单独作谓语,后面必须跟表语构成系表结构,否则意义不完整。 be 是 feel 感觉 look 看起来 助动词 本身无词义,不能单独作谓语,可用来构成各种时态、 语态、语气以及否定句和疑问句等。 be do have 情态动词 本身有词义,不能单独作谓语,与动词原形连用,构成谓语,一般没有人称和数的变化。 can 能;会 may 也许; 可能 must 必须 一、实义动词 实义动词是具有实际意义的动词,可单独作谓语。 1.及物动词和不及物动词 (1)及物动词(vt.) 根据其在句子中是否需要跟宾语可分为及物动词和不及物动词;能直接跟宾语的动词称为及物动词。英语中的动词大多数为及物动词。其具体分类如下: 分类 用法 例句 跟单宾语的及物动词 其后只跟一个宾语 I got a new book yesterday. 我昨天得到了一本新书。 跟双宾语的及物动词 可同时跟两个宾语。双宾语中一个宾语指人,称为间接宾语;一个宾语指物,称为直接宾语。通常间接宾语在前,直接宾语在后。直接宾语提前时,后面需加介词。 My grandmother told us a story last night. =My grandmother told a story to us last night. 我的奶奶昨晚给我讲了一个故事。 跟复合宾语 的及物动词 跟名词作宾语补足语 The chose him monitor of class. 他们选他当班长。 跟形容词作宾语补足语 Keep the window open. 让窗户开着。 跟介词短语作宾语补足语 You should keep the documents in the safe. 你应该把文件放在保险箱里。 跟动名词短语作宾语补足语 I found her crying in the corner. 我发现她正在角落哭泣。 跟不定式作宾语补足语 My mother asks me to get up early. 我妈妈让我早点起床。 跟现在分词作宾语补足语 Don’t keep your children watching TV all the time. 不要让你的孩子一直在看电视。 跟过去分词作宾语补足语 I must get my bicycle fixed. 我得让人修理一下我的自行车了。 温馨提示: 直接宾语提前时,需要加介词to的及物动词有:give、pass、lend、write、show、send、hand和bring这8个及物动词,当直接宾语前置时,必须在后面加上to。即“vt. +sth.+to+sb.”。可记忆为“七给”一“带”to不少。 (2)不及物动词(vi.) ①概念 本身意义完整,后面不必跟宾语的实义动词,叫作不及物动词(intransitive verb)。例如: I go to school by bike every day. 我每天骑自行车去上学。 We will arrive in Beijing tomorrow. 我们明天将到达北京。 ②常见的不及物动词: swim 游泳 run 跑 happen 发生 lie 躺 arrive 到达 stand 站立 come 来 go 去 cry 哭 sit 坐 sleep 睡觉 rise 升起 happen 发生 fall 掉落 leave 离开 live 居住 smile微笑 wait 等待 易错警示: 1.不及物动词后面不能直接跟宾语,如果要跟宾语,必须在不及物动词后加上相应的介词或副词。 He got to the station on time. 他准时到了车站。(got是不及物动词) They looked for the lost key everywhere. 他们到处找那把丢失的钥匙。(looked是不及物动词) 2.英语里有不少实义动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。如 answer、begin/start、close、improve、 learn、leave、prepare、sing. 这样的动词又有两种不同的情况: 试比较: The meeting starts at 9 a.m. 会议上午9点开始。(start为不及物动词) We started the project last month. 我们上个月启动了这个项目。(start为及物动词) (3)延续性动词 ①概念 延续性动词表示可以持续的动作,可以和表示一段时间的状语连用,如" for+一段时间”、“since +从句”、“since+时间点”、“how long”等。例如: He has lived here for five years.他住在这儿已经五年了。(延续性动词与“for+一段时间”连用) She has been working here ‌since 2010‌.她从2010年起就在这里工作了。(延续性动词与"since+时间点”连用) ②常见的延续性动词: 例词 例句 drink喝 lie躺 stand站立 1. She is drinking a cup of coffee. 她正在喝一杯咖啡。 2. They are waiting for the bus at the bus - stop. 他们正在公交站等公交车。 3. You should keep quiet in the library.  你应该在图书馆保持安静。 4. The children are playing football in the park.  孩子们正在公园里踢足球。 6. She likes to sing pop songs in the evening.  她喜欢在晚上唱流行歌曲。 keep保持 play玩 fly飞 watch观看 rain下雨 learn学习 read读 eat吃 study学习 work工作 have有 know认识 sleep睡觉 smoke抽烟 talk说话 wait等 wear穿 work工作 sing唱 play玩耍 write写 live居住 wait等待 run跑 知识拓展: 1.持续性动词表示一时的动作时,可以在该动词前加get/ begin/come to。 We got to know each other at the party last month.我们在上个月我的聚会上相识。 2.终止性动词一般不用于while引导的时间状语从句中。 When he arrived,I was reading.当他到达,我正在看书。 (4)非延续性动词 ①概念 非延续性动词又叫终止性动词或瞬间动词,表示动作是瞬间完成的,不能持续下来。 ②常见的非延续性动词: 例词 例句 sell出售 begin开始 1.He sold his old car last week. 他上周卖掉了他的旧汽车。 2.We will arrive in Shanghai tomorrow. 我们明天将到达上海。 3.He goes to school by bike every day. 他每天骑自行车去学校。 4.My mother bought a new dress for me yesterday. 我妈妈昨天给我买了一条新连衣裙。 5.I saw a beautiful bird in the tree just now. 我刚才看到树上有一只漂亮的鸟。 start开始 leave离开 arrive到达 go去 finish结束;完成 hear听见 buy买 come来 open打开 close关闭 reach抵达;到达 marry结婚 stop停止 see看见;看到 易错提示: 非延续性动词不可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。 1.Mr. Smith sold his house last month.史密斯先生上个月卖掉了他的房子。 错误用法:He has sold his computer for two weeks. 解析:“sell”是非延续性动词,其肯定句不能和“for two weeks”这样表示一段时间的状语连用。可改为“He sold his computer two weeks ago.”(他两周前卖了他的自行车。) 2.The football game started as soon as it stopped raining.雨一停足球比赛就开始了。  错误用法:Our class has started for 20 minutes.  解析:“start”为非延续性动词,肯定句不能与“for 20 minutes”连用。可修改为“Our class started 20 minutes ago.”(我们课20分钟前开始的。) 知识拓展: ①持续性动词表示一时的动作时,可以在该动词前加get/ begin/come to。  She began to enjoy painting after taking the art course. 参加艺术课后,她开始喜欢上绘画。 ②终止性动词一般不用于while引导的时间状语从句中。 When the bell rang, the students stopped talking immediately. 铃声响起时,学生们立刻停止了交谈。 二、系动词 系动词又称连系动词,是连接主语和表语的动词,后面一般跟形容词、名词等,说明主语的性质、特征、状态、身份、变化和结果等。 1.系动词分类: ①状态系:be动词(am/is/are/was/were) ②持续类:keep保持、remain维持、stay保持、stand处于 ③感官系动词:look看起来、sound听起来、feel摸起来/感觉、taste尝起来、smell闻起来 ④变化系动词:become变得、get变得、turn变成、go变得、fall陷入某种状态 ⑤表象系动词:seem似乎、appear显得、look看起来 2.系动词的用法: 类别 系动词 示例 状态类 用来表示主语状态,只有be动词(am/is/ are/ was/ were)。 Jenny is a helpful girl. 珍妮是一个乐于助人的女孩。 My dream is to be a scientist。 我的梦想是当一名科学家。 持续类 用来表示主语持续处于某种状态或保持某种情况,强调状态的延续性。主要有keep, stay, remain, lie等。 She keeps fit by walking after supper every day. 她每天晚饭后通过走路来保持健康。 She often stays up late to study for exams. 她经常为了备考而熬夜。 感官类 表示人类感官活动的动词,包括视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉和触觉,包括look, smell,sound, taste,feel。 The sky looks clear after the rain. 雨后的天空看起来很晴朗。 The flowers smell fragrant. 这些花闻起来很香。 变化类 这些系动词表示主语从一种状态变成另一种状态,主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run等。 She became a famous singer when she was very young. 她在很年轻的时候就成为一名著名的歌手。 Leaves turn yellow in autumn. 秋天树叶变黄了。 表象类 用来表示"看起来像;似乎;好像",主要有appear, seem, look。 He appears to be calm, but actually he's very nervous. 他看起来很镇定,但实际上他非常紧张。 This dress looks very suitable for you. 这条裙子看起来很适合你。 知识拓展: become、get、go、come表变化时的区别 1.become和get多指人的情绪或身体状态的变化,也用于表示天气的变化或社会的发展变化,两者可以互换。get是口语用得多,get能替代become, become较正式。 2.go多指由好到坏的变化,come可以表示向好的方面变化。例句如下: ①It's becoming/getting darker and windier. 天变得越来越黑,风也越来越大。 ②She became/got excited when she heard the good news. 听到这个好消息,她变得很兴奋。 If you eat such food you’ll get /become fat. 如果你吃那样的食物你会发胖的。 三、助动词 助动词本身无意义,只是帮助实义动词完成某些语法功能,如表示时态、语态,构成否定句、疑问句等,不能单独作谓语。助动词主要有be、do、have、shall、will等 。 1.助动词be的用法: be 用作助动词时,有人称、数和时态等的变化,可与现在分词构成进行时态,与过去分词构成被动语态。be的常见变形和用法如下: 人称 数 现在时态 过去时态 现在分词 过去分词 第一人称 单数 am was being been 复数 are were 第二人称 单/复数 are were 第三人称 单数 is was 复数 are were 用法 例句 构成现在进行时、过去进行时。 They are playing by the lake。 他们正在湖边玩耍。 构成现在/过去某种时态的被动语态。 We were invited to the party last week. 我们上周被邀请参加了那个派对。 知识拓展: be用作系动词和助动词的区别 1.be作系动词时,后面要接表语,构成系表结构,说明主语的状态、性质、特征等,句中一般不含有实义动词。  例句:The coffee is hot. 咖啡是热的。(说明主语的状态) 例句:This story is interesting.     这个故事很有趣。(说明主语的性质) 2.be作助动词时,用来协助主要动词,表示时态、语态、疑问、否定等,句中含有实义动词。 They were watching a movie at 8 o'clock last night.  昨晚八点他们正在看电影。(帮助表示过去进行时态) 记忆口诀: 助动词的用法 时态、人称、疑问、否, be,do,have,will/shall少不了。 现在分词表进行,离开be动事难行。 要想构成完成时,have,had做标志。 一般疑问句,助动词放到句首去。 变否定,也简单,助动词后面加not。 2. do的用法: 助动词主要帮助实义动词构成否定句和疑问句。有时可以放在谓语动词前面 起强调的作用,还可以代替前面刚出现过的动词以避免重现。do的第三人称单数是does,过去时是did。 用法 示例 构成疑问句 Do you want to pass the CET?你想通过大学英语测试吗? Did she visit the museum last weekend?她上周末去参观博物馆了吗? 构成否定句 Don't make noise in the library.不要在图书馆里吵闹。 I do not want to be criticized.我不想被批评。 表示强调 Do finish your homework on time.一定要按时完成你的作业。  Do remember to lock the door when you leave.你离开的时候一定要记得锁门。 代替上文出现过的词,避免重复 She dances more gracefully than you do.她跳舞比你跳得更优雅。 I like coffee,but my parents don’t.我喜欢喝咖啡,但我的父母不喜欢。 温馨提示: 1.助动词do 帮助实义动词构成 否定句或疑问句,以及对实义动词进行强调时,实义动词一定要用原形。 2.do本身也可作实义动词,这时在疑问句和否定句中仍要加助动词。 Do you understand this math problem? 你理解这道数学题吗? 记忆口诀: do的用法 实义动词“做”和“干”, 主语“单三”用does。 简略回答可用do, 代替“上述”免重复。 don't加“动原”构否定, do加陈述、疑问型。 3.助动have的用法: 助动词have在句中有人称、数和时态的变化,主要是与动词的过去分词构成完成时态。 形式 肯定式 缩略肯定式 否定式 缩略否定式 原形 have 've have not haven't,'ve not 第三人称单数 has 's has not hasn't,'s not 过去式 had 'd had not hadn't,'d not She has finished her homework ahead of schedule. 她已经提前完成了她的作业。(现在完成时) They told me they had moved to a new house last month. 他们告诉我他们上个月就已经搬到了新房子里。(过去完成时) 4.will、would、shall、should的用法 will、shall用于构成一般将来时,would、should用于构成过去将来时;shall、should主要用于第一人称;will、would可用于所有人称。 肯定式 缩略肯定式 否定式 缩略否定式 will 'll will not won't,'ll not would 'd would not wouldn't,'d not shall 'll shall not shan't should 'd should not shouldn't 例句: He will attend an important meeting next week. 他下周将参加一个重要的会议。 They said it would be fine the next day.他们说第二天会好起来的。 Shall we go for a walk after dinner? 我们晚饭后去散散步好吗? I thought I should finish the work by Friday. 我想我应该在星期五之前完成工作。 四、情态动词 情态动词本身有词义,但不能单独作谓语,需和实义动词或系表结构一起构成谓语,表明说话者对某一行为的态度和观点,主要包括揣测、判断、需要、可能、各种意愿等。情态动词无人称和数的变化(have to 除外);情态动词后必须接动词原形。 1.常见的情态动词及其否定式 情态动词 否定式 否定缩略形式 情态动词 否定式 否定缩略形式 can cannot can't could could not couldn't may may not might might not must must not mustn't shall shall no should should not shouldn't will will not won't would would not wouldn't need need not needn't have to do not have to don't have to ought to ought not to oughtn't to dare dare not daren't had better had better not d better not 2.常见的情态动词的用法: 情态动词 含义及用法 示例 can/ could 表示现在的能力,意为“能、会”, could为can的过去式。否定式can't/ couldn't,意为“不能,不会”。 She can speak three languages. 他会说三种语言。 He could swim when he was five. 他五岁时会游泳。 表示请求、允许,意为“可以”;当需要委婉表达时用could;回答用can或can't/ cannot。 Can I use your pen? 我能用你的笔吗? Could I borrow your book? 我能借你的书吗? 表示推测,常用于否定句和疑问句中;can't表示否定推测,语气强烈,意为“不可能”。 That can’t be Mary.She has gone abroad. 那不可能是玛丽。她出国了。 must 表示主观语气,有必要或有义务去做某事,表示“必须、一定”。 You should study hard. 你应该努力学习。 表示推测,意为“一定是”“准是”,指有根据的、比较有把握的推测。 He must be sleeping now. 他现在一定是在睡觉。 意为“非要、偏要”,表示气恼或愤怒。 Must you waste so much time? 你偏要浪费这么多时间吗? may 表示请求、许可,用来征求对方的意见,比can 更正式,肯定回答常用can,否定回答用mustn't/can't/ may not。 —May we leave early today? 我们今天可以早点走吗? —Yes, you can. / No, you mustn't. 可以。/ 不可以。 表示允许、同意某人做某事,可与can互换。 You may come if you wish. 如果你想来,你就来。 表示可能性,意为“也许、可能”。 His answer may be right. 他的回答可能是对的。 表示祝愿,在正式场合或书面语中表示祝愿时,常放在句首。 May you have a good time! 祝你玩得愉快! might may的过去式,常用于间接引语中。 She worried that I might be angry. 她担心我可能会生气。 表示请求、许可,语气比may委婉。 He asked if he might go home. 他问他是否可以回家。 表示不确定的推测,意为“可能”,可能性小于may,语气更委婉。 She might not come to the party. 她可能不会来参加派对。 need 意为“需要”;否定形式为needn’t,意为“不需要”。以must开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答needn’t 或don’t have。 —Must I wash my clothes at once,Mom? 我必须马上洗衣服吗,妈妈? —No,you needn’t.You may wash them before 5:00 p.m. 不,你不需要。你可以在下午5点前清洗它们。 should 可以表示责任或义务,也可以表示劝诫或建议,意为“应该”。 You should eat more vegetables. 你应该多吃蔬菜。 表示提供或征求建议。 What should I do? 我该怎么办? Should I trust him? 我应该相信他吗? 表示做某事是正确或明智的,往往表示说话者的观点。 I think the young people should really respect their elders. 我认为年轻人真应当尊敬他们的长辈。 表示征求意见,常用于疑问句。 Should I take my temperature? 我要量体温吗? ought to 可以表示责任或义务,也可以表示劝诫或建议,意为“应该”。 You ought to be more careful next time. 下次你应该更小心才是。 表示根据一定的依据进行推测,意为“按道理说应该”。 We ought to protect the environment. 我们应该保护环境。 shall 用于主语是第一、三人称的疑问句时,表示请求或征求对方意见。 Shall we go for a picnic this Sunday? 这个周日我们去野餐好吗? 用于第二、三人称的陈述句中,表示说话者的意图、决心、许诺、命令、警告、威胁等。 Anyone who breaks the rules shall be punished. 任何违反规则的人都将受到惩罚。 will/ would 表示请求对方做某事或提出建议和邀请(would比will语气更委婉、客气) Will you come with us? 你会和我们一起去吗? 表示自愿做或主动提出做某事,如意志、愿望或决心等。 I will never give up my dream of becoming a teacher. 我永远不会放弃当老师的梦想。 had better “最好”,表示劝告和建议。否定形式h a d better not,“最好不要”。 We'd better not stay up late before the exam. 考试前我们最好不要熬夜。 have to 多表示客观必要,即客观要求(无奈)而为之,意为“不得不”,有人称、数和时态的变化。由have to构成的一般疑问句中,肯定回答用must;否定回答用needn’t 或don’t/ doesn’t have to。 Do I have to attend the meeting tomorrow? 我明天必须参加会议吗? —Yes, you must. / No, you don't have to. 是的,必须参加。/ 不,不用。 dare 用作情态动词,没有人称和数的变化,但有过去式(dared)。主要用于否定句、疑问句、条件句中。 She daren't refuse his invitation directly. 她不敢直接拒绝他的邀请。 used to 意为“曾经”,表示过去常常做某事或曾经存在某种状态,used to后跟动词原形,没有人称和数的变化;否定形式为usedn’t to或didn’t use to。 My father used to play basketball every weekend. 我爸爸以前每个周末都打篮球。 shall的口诀助记: shall二、三人称用,允诺、命令、要求加警告。 shall问句表征询,第一人称用得妙。 need的口诀助记: need 作情态动词, 此时不常用肯定; 其后直接跟动词, 多用疑问和否定。 need作实义动词,后接名、代、不定式。 need后接动名词,主动形式表被动。 知识拓展: “needn't have+过去分词” 表示“本不必做但实际上做了某事”。 We had plenty of bread,so I needn't have bought another loaf. 我们有许多面包,因此我本没有必要再买一条。 易混辨析: need后加 to do说明need为实义动词,需用助动词构成疑问句或否定句;need后加doing 表示被动意义;若need后加do,则need为情态动词。 3.常见的情态动词辨析 类别 用法 例句 can/could/ be able to的区别 can和could只能用于一般现在时或一般过去时,而be able to可用于各种时态;be able to可与情态动词连用,can则不能。 I could run fast then, won't be able to later. 那时我能跑得很快,之后就不能了。 can更侧重于表达主语本身就具备的能力,这种能力是内在的、固有的。而be able to则更侧重于描述通过努力或学习后获得的能力,或者是在某个具体条件下才能实现的可能性。 She can sing high notes naturally. 她天生就能唱高音。 He was able to cook after classes. 上完课他就能做饭了。 can和could表示能力、允许、许可或推测,但be able to只表示能力。 You can take this seat,if you want. 如果你愿意,你可以坐这个座位。 表示成功地做了某事时,只能用was/were able to,这时was/were able to相当于managed to,表示经过一番努力,终于能够完成某事。 He was able to climb the hill.(他成功爬上了山。)=He managed to climb the hill. must和have to的区别 must 只有现在时一种形式(在宾语从句中可以表示过去),而have to则有多种时态形式。 She said she must go home. 她说她必须回家。 They'll have to work overtime. 他们将不得不加班。 must意为“必须”时,表示主观需要或有必要做某事通常着重指说话者的主观看法;而have to表示因环境所迫而做某事,着重于客观需要,意为“不得不”。 It’s late. I have to go now. 时间晚了。我得走了。 It’s late. I must go now. 时间很晚了。我必须走了。 must没有人称、数和时态的变化,否定形式mustn’t,意为“不许,禁止”,have to有人称、数和时态的变化,否定形式为don’t/ doesn’t have to,意为“不必”,相当于needn’t。 You mustn’t tell him about it. 你一定不要告诉他这件事。 You don’t have to tell him about it. 你不必告诉他这件事。 need 作实义动词时,主要用于肯定句中,有人称、时态和数的变化,后常接带to的不定式。其否定式和疑问式都要借助助动词do。 He needs some money to buy new clothes. 他需要一些钱来买新衣服。 dare 用作实义动词,有人称、时态和数的变化,意为“敢于”。肯定句中要跟带to的不定式,而在否定句或疑问句中to可要可不要。 I do not dare(to)complain about the hard work. (=I dare not complain about the hard work.) 我不敢抱怨工作辛苦。 ★知识点3 动词的基本形式 英语中动词有五种基本形式,即动词原形、现在分词、一般现在时的第三人称单数、过去式和过去分词。 1. 动词原形:没有经过任何变形,即在词典词目中所使用的动词形式。如:be, do, have, come等 。 2. 动词第三人称单数形式变化规则: 规则 发音规律 示例 一般情况下加-s 在清辅音后读/s/ help→helps sit→sits坐 在元音音素或浊辅音后读/z/ know→knows知道 play→plays玩 read→reads阅读 以字母s,x,ch,sh结尾的动词,加-es -es读作/Iz/ pass→passes通过 watch→watches finish→finishes完成 以字母o结尾的动词加-es -es读作/z/ do→does做;干 go→goes去;走 以“辅音字母+-y”结尾的动词,变y为i再加-es -es读作/Iz/ carry→carries携带 study→studies学习 worry→worries担心 口诀助记: 动词有单三,词尾常把-s添。 词尾若是s,ch,sh,直接加上-es。 词尾有字母o上-es不用愁。 辅音字母加y,要把y变i再加-es。 3.规则动词的现在分词变化规则: 规则 示例 一般情况下直接加-ing sleep→sleeping睡觉 buy→buying购买 以不发音的e结尾的动词,去掉e再加-ing write→writing写 use→using使用 以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音 字母的动词,双写词尾辅音字母后再加-ing sit→sitting开始 put→putting放 以ie结尾的动词,先变ie为y,再加-ing die→dying死 lie→lying躺 以ee结尾的动词,直接加-ing see→seeing看见 以w或x结尾的动词,直接加-ing snow→snowing下雪 4.规则动词的过去式和过去分词变化规则 规则 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 一般情况下,动词原形后加-ed look looked looked help helped helped work worked worked 动词词尾为不发音的字母e,加-d like liked liked hope hoped hoped live lived lived 动词词尾为“辅音字母+y”,变y为i, 再加-ed try tried tried study studied studied cry cried cried 以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,则双写该辅音字母后加-ed plan planned planned stop stopped stopped nod nodded nodded 03·题型通关·靶向突破 考点一 题型破解 考点1 动词词义辨析&动词填空 考查题型:单项选择、完形填空、单句填空、语篇填空 命题特点‌: ①语境决定性‌:选项动词含义相近(如speak, try, cook),选择取决于上下文逻辑。 ②逻辑关联性‌:根据句子的因果、转折、目的等逻辑关系,选择动词。 ③生活化场景‌:语篇主题围绕日常生活、个人经历等,在真实情境考查词汇辨析。 考点 2 动词填空 考查题型:单句填空、语篇填空 A卷单项选择‌:‌谓语动词‌的时态、语态过去进行时、现在完成时、被动语态 B卷短文填空‌:‌谓语‌(时态语态)与‌非谓语动词‌(to do/doing/done) 命题特点‌: 词形变化 (主要和时态、语态或非谓语、动词),具体如下: ①标志词明确‌:时间状语(at that time、at noon、today、yesterday、usually、for、since等) ②推断主动被动:从上下文、句子结构来推断出动作状态(主动/被动)。 ③非谓语融入语篇‌:根据句子结构(如目的状语用to do,伴随动作用doing)判断形式。 考点3 情态动词辨析& 填空‌ 考查题型 单项选择、完形填空、单句填空、语篇填空 A卷单项选择‌:辨析情态动词的‌推测语气‌(must肯定、may/might可能、cant’否定)。 B卷完成对话/填空‌:根据语境选择表‌建议、能力、义务‌的情态动词(如 should建议、can能力)。 命题特点‌: 1.单项选择必考,根据句子情境、句子时态或语气强弱等选择情态动词。 2.在对话中,情态动词的选择服务于上下文的情感和意图。 考点二 解题要点 ★考点和题型 考点1 动词词义辨析&动词填空 考查题型 单项选择、完形填空、单句填空、语篇填空 一、例题: —Mr Li, I can't understand everything in class. —Don't worry! I'll______the main points at the end. A. record B. review C. require D. remember 【答案】B 【解析】句意:一李老师,我不能理解课上的所有东西。一别担心!在最后我将复习主要的要点。考查动词辨析。record记录;review复习;request要求;remember记住。根据"Don’t worry!”可以推断,应该是指“复习”要点。故选B。 二、解题技巧‌: 步骤一:掌握动词词形变化的规则,判断空处应填的词性。 步骤二:判断主语与动词的关系‌。是主动还是被动,注意被动语态用be done形式。 步骤三:找出句中的时间状语(如today、yesterday、for、since等)或时间点,确定时态。 步骤四:分析句子结构‌。判断动词在句中作谓语还是非谓语。 步骤五:代入原句,检查时态、语态、主谓是否一致,句意是否通顺。 考点2 情态动词辨析考&填空 考查题型 单项选择、完形填空、单句填空、语篇填空‌ 一、例题: (2025·四川成都·三模)—I watched a Sichuan Opera show yesterday. The actors______change from red faces to blue faces quickly. —Wow! That must be amazing. A. Could B. must C. should 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——我昨天看了一场川剧表演。演员们能够快速从红脸变成蓝脸。—哇!那一定很令人惊叹。考查动词辨析。could能够;must必须,一定;should应该。根据“change from red faces to blue faces quickly”描述的是演员具备的能力,could有“能够;可以”表示能力的含义,符合语境。故选A。 二、必备知识‌: 1.can/could:能力、许可(could更委婉)、can可能性(推测)。 2.may/might:许可、可能性(might更不确定)。 3.must:必须、肯定推测(一定)。 4.should:应该、建议。 5.can’t:不可能(否定推测)。 根据语气判断‌:根据‌语气、态度、观点‌选择情态动词。 肯定推测(证据强)‌:must 可能推测(证据弱)‌:may/might/could 否定推测(不可能)‌:can’t 三、解题技巧‌: 步骤一:阅读题干,根据句子的意思判断空格需要填入的情态动词的意义。 步骤二:分析选项的用法,结合上下文的情感、意图和逻辑判断形式,并进行恰当的变形。 步骤三:‌情态动词后接‌动词原形‌。在填空时,直接填入情态动词本身。 步骤四:将答案代入语境,再次验证答案是否正确。 04·优选精选·练能提分 一、单项选择 ★动词辨析 1.(2025·四川成都·二模)The weather report says it’s fine tomorrow. It ________ rainy, so we can go hiking then. A.can’t be B.mustn’t be C.needn’t be 【答案】A 【解析】句意:天气预报说明天天气晴朗。不可能下雨,所以我们可以去徒步旅行。考查动词辨析。can’t不可能;mustn’t禁止;needn’t不必。根据“The weather report says it’s fine tomorrow.”可知,此处表示根据依据做出的否定推测,表示不可能下雨,A项符合。故选A。 2.(2025·江苏连云港·二模)World Glacier (冰川) Day is set to _________ people to work together to save glaciers in danger. A.explain B.describe C.remind D.introduce 【答案】C 【解析】句意:世界冰川日设立的目的是提醒人们共同努力拯救濒危冰川。考查动词辨析。explain解释;describe描述;remind提醒;introduce介绍。根据“World Glacier (冰川) Day is set to...people to work together to save glaciers in danger.”可知,设立世界冰川日是为了提醒人们拯救濒危的冰川,故选C。 3.(2025·四川成都·模拟预测)After knowing how much shark fins ________, I understand why so many sharks are killed. A.weigh B.cost C.spend 【答案】B 【解析】句意:知道了鲨鱼鳍的价格,我明白了为什么有那么多的鲨鱼被杀害。考查动词辨析。weigh称重;cost花费,主语为物或事;spend花费,主语为人。根据“After knowing how much shark fins…I understand why so many sharks are killed.”可知此处是指知道了鲨鱼鳍的价格,且主语为shark fins。故选B。 4.(2025·福建福州·三模)Some officers have turned into live streamers (网络主播) to help ________ product sales. A.improve B.provide C.afford 【答案】A 【解析】句意:一些官员已经变成了网络主播来帮助提高产品销售。考查动词辨析。improve提高;provide提供;afford买得起。根据“Some officers have turned into live streamers (网络主播) to help...product sales.”可知,官员们变成网络主播的目的是为了提高产品的销售,所以此处应用improve。故选A。 5.(2025·四川成都·三模)—I watched a Sichuan Opera show yesterday. The actors ________ change from red faces to blue faces quickly. —Wow! That must be amazing. A.could B.must C.should 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——我昨天看了一场川剧表演。演员们能够快速从红脸变成蓝脸。——哇!那一定很令人惊叹。 考查动词辨析。could能够;must必须,一定;should应该。根据“change from red faces to blue faces quickly”描述的是演员具备的能力,could有 “能够;可以”表示能力的含义,符合语境。故选A。 6.(2025·福建泉州·模拟预测)On cold days, Jiuxian Mountain in Dehua________ many people for the beautiful rime (雾凇). A.attracts B.worries C.stops 【答案】A 【解析】句意:在寒冷的日子里,德化九仙山因其美丽的雾凇吸引了许多人。考查动词辨析。attracts吸引;worries使担忧;stops阻止。根据“beautiful rime (雾凇)”可知,此处表示“吸引游客”,用attracts符合语境。故选A。 7.(2025·四川成都·二模)In Chinese culture, it’s polite ________ a cup of tea to guests when they visit the home. A.to show B.to sell C.to offer 【答案】C 【详解】句意:在中国文化中,当客人到家拜访时,给客人敬一杯茶是有礼貌的。 考查动词辨析。to show展示;to sell出售;to offer提供,给予。根据“a cup of tea to guests”可知,考查offer sth. to sb“向某人提供某物”,offer a cup of tea to guests“给客人敬一杯茶”,这符合中国文化中以茶待客的礼貌行为。故选C。 8.(2025·福建福州·三模)—How can we ________ O2? —Follow this: 2KMnO4 K2MnO4+MnO2+O2↑ A.invent B.produce C.reflect 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——我们如何生成O2?——按照这个:2KMnO4K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2 ↑。考查动词辨析。invent发明;produce生产;reflect反映。根据公式内容可知,这是一个化学反应,最终生成了氧气,B项符合。故选B。 9.(2025·湖北武汉·二模)—The China Pavilion ________ the visitors at Expo Osaka 2025 in Japan. —Wow! Its design truly shows Chinese culture and wisdom. A.praised B.disappointed C.impressed D.admired 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——中国馆给2025年日本大阪世博会的参观者留下了深刻印象。  ——哇!它的设计真正体现了中国文化和智慧。考查动词辨析。praised表扬;disappointed使……失望;impressed给……留下深刻印象;admired欣赏。主语“The China Pavilion中国馆”为无生命主体,不能主动“赞扬”或“钦佩”参观者,且回应“Wow! Its design truly shows Chinese culture and wisdom.”及正面描述表明应为积极影响,impressed符合语境。故选C。 10.(2025·吉林·中考真题)The earth is our home. Everyone should begin with small things to ________ it. A.protect B.move C.leave 【答案】A 【解析】句意:地球是我们的家。每个人都应该从小事开始保护它。考查动词辨析。protect保护;move移动;leave离开。根据“The earth is our home. Everyone should begin with small things to…”可知,此处指人们应该从小事做起保护地球。故选A。 11. (2025·西藏·中考真题)You ________ wear a helmet (头盔) when you ride an E-bike. A.have to B.has to C.can’t D.shouldn’t 【答案】A 【解析】句意:当你骑电动自行车时,你必须戴上头盔。考查动词辨析。have to必须;has to必须,三单形式;can’t不能;shouldn’t不应该。根据“wear a helmet (头盔) when you ride an E-bike”可知,此处应该说必须戴上头盔,主语是“You”,填have to。故选A。 12.(2025·四川成都·二模)The documentary (纪录片) Earth Protecting teaches children ________ environmental love. A.to afford B.to face C.to spread 【答案】C 【解析】句意:纪录片《地球保护》教导孩子们传播对环境的关爱。考查动词辨析。to afford负担得起;to face面对;to spread传播。根据“The documentary...environmental love.”可知,纪录片教导孩子们传播对环境的关爱,故选C。 13.(2025·湖北武汉·三模)—Song of Autumn by Liu Yuxi describes autumn in a different way. —I agree. Most poets describe this season to ________ a feeling of sadness, but in Liu’s eyes, autumn is full of life and hope. A.shut B.express C.respect D.invite 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——刘禹锡的《秋词》则以不同的方式描述秋天。——我同意。大多数诗人描写秋天来表达一种悲伤的感觉,但在他眼里秋天却充满生机和希望。考查动词辨析。shut关闭;express表达;respect尊重;invite邀请。根据“a feeling of sadness”可知,悲伤的感觉是表达出来的。故选B。 14.(2024·四川成都·二模)—Tony, can AI (人工智能) help us predict extreme weather? —Maybe it can. It was reported that an AI model ________ by Google predicted Hurricane Lee (飓风李) three days before weather station in America. A.created B.discovered C.influenced 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——托尼,人工智能可以帮助我们预测极端天气吗?——也许可以。据报道,谷歌创建的人工智能模型在美国气象站三天前就预测到了飓风李。考查动词辨析。created创建;discovered发现;influenced影响。根据“an AI model...by Google”可知,是由谷歌创建的模型。故选A。 15.(2024·四川成都·一模)—How long may I ________ the book? —For 2 weeks. You have to return by September 21st. A.keep B.borrow C.lend 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——这本书我可以借多久?——两周。你必须在9月21日前还回来。考查动词辨析。keep保留,存放;borrow借入;lend借出。结合回答“You have to return by September 21st.”,问句应是指“借入这本书”,应用borrow;又根据“How long”及“For 2 weeks”可知,与表示“一段时间”的短语连用,应将非延续性动词“borrow”转换为延续性动词“keep”。故选A。 ★动词时态辨析 1.(2025·四川成都·模拟预测)The great day we looked forward to ________ at last. A.come B.came C.coming D.comes 【答案】B 【解析】句意:我们期待的伟大日子终于来了。考查动词时态。根据“at last.”可知,动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式came。故选B。 2.(2025·四川成都·二模)My grandma ________ zongzi every Dragon Boat Festival and I like zongzi with beans best. A.makes B.will make C.has made 【答案】A 【解析】句意:我奶奶每个端午节都包粽子,我最喜欢豆沙粽。考查动词时态辨析。根据题干中“every Dragon Boat Festival”可知是经常性或习惯性的动作,用一般现在时,主语“My grandma”是第三人称单数,谓语动词用三单形式makes。故选A。 3.(2025·四川成都·模拟预测)—We’d better not shout at him after he comes back home, OK? His teacher ________ him for his mistake. —All right. A.punished B.had punished C.has punished 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——他回家后我们最好别冲他喊了,好吗?他的老师已经为他的错误惩罚过他了。——好吧。 考查现在完成时的用法。punished一般过去时;had punished过去完成时;has punished现在完成时。根据语境,老师对他的惩罚发生在过去(已发生),且对现在产生影响(因此不必再责备他),需用现在完成时(has punished)强调动作的完成和影响。故选C。 4.(2025·四川成都·三模)—Listen! Some singers ________ My Homeland. —Yes. They express their love for their country with their beautiful voices. A.sang B.are singing C.sing 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——听!一些歌唱家正在演唱《我的祖国》。——对。他们用美丽的声音表达了对中国的爱。考查动词时态。根据“Listen!”可知,此处表示现在正在进行的动作,应用现在进行时,其结构为be动词+动词的现在分词形式。故选B。 5.(2025·四川成都·模拟预测)—Are you sure there are enough candles for the birthday cake? —Yes. I _______ them twice. A.count B.will count C.have counted 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——你确定有足够的蜡烛做生日蛋糕吗?——有的。我数了两遍。考查动词时态。根据“I …them twice.”可知,已经数了两遍了,句子使用现在完成时,其结构为have/has done。故选C。 6.(2025·四川成都·模拟预测)This February, the 9th Asian Winter Games ________ in Harbin, a city full of beauty and liveliness. A.takes place B.took place C.has taken place 【答案】B 【解析】句意:今年2月,第九届亚洲冬季运动会在美丽而生机勃勃的哈尔滨举行。考查一般过去时。takes place一般现在时;took place一般过去时;has taken place现在完成时。根据“This February,”可知,时态为一般过去时。故选B。 7.(2025·四川成都·二模)The outdoor basketball match ______ if the rainstorm continues tomorrow. A.was put off B.is put off C.will be put off 【答案】C 【解析】句意:如果明天暴风雨继续的话,户外篮球比赛就会被推迟。考查一般将来时态的被动语态。根据“if the rainstorm continues tomorrow”可知,这是if引导的条件状语从句,时态遵循“主将从现”的原则,所以此处用一般将来时态;The outdoor basketball match与put off之间是被动关系,故此处用一般将来时的被动语态,其结构是“主语 + will be + done + 其他”。故选C。 8.(2025·四川成都·二模)—Sam, I called you last night, but you didn’t answer. —Oh, sorry, I ______ Beethoven’s Moonlight Sonata in the music hall at that time. A.am performing B.performed C.was performing 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——山姆,我昨晚给你打电话了,但你没有接。——哦,对不起,当时我正在音乐厅演奏贝多芬的《月光奏鸣曲》。考查过去进行时。根据“at that time”可知,句子时态是过去进行时,结构是was/were+动词的ing形式,此处主语是I,be动词应用was,perform“演奏”的ing形式是performing。故选C。 9.(2025·四川成都·模拟预测)—Was table tennis invented by Chinese people? —No. It _______ in China until the beginning of the 20th century. A.was played B.didn’t play C.wasn’t played 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——乒乓球是中国人发明的吗?——不,直到20世纪初中国人才开始打乒乓球。考查时态和语态。根据“It…in China until the beginning of the 20th century.”可知,句子时态为一般过去时,“it”指代“table tennis”,是动词“play”的承受者,应用被动语态,其结构为:was/were done,可排除B选项。根据“It…in China until the beginning of the 20th century.”可知,句子为“not…until…”引导的时间状语从句。故选C。 ★情态动词辨析 1.(2025·海南省直辖县级单位·三模)—Mum, ________ I ride the electric bike to the countryside with my classmates this weekend? —No, you can’t. It’s too dangerous. A.must B.could C.should 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——妈妈,这个周末我可以和同学们一起骑电动自行车去乡下吗?——不,你不可以。太危险了。考查情态动词辨析。must必须;could能够;should应该。根据“No, you can’t.”可知,问句是在请求允许做某事,且回答中用“can’t”表示拒绝。情态动词中,“could”可用于委婉地提出请求,符合语境,故选B。 2.(2025·四川成都·二模)Life ________ be easy or difficult; sometimes it depends on how you look at it. A.should B.must C.can 【答案】C 【解析】句意:生活可能容易也可能困难;有时候这取决于你如何看待它。考查情态动词辨析。should应该;must必须;can可以,能够,表示可能性。根据“sometimes it depends on how you look at it”可知,生活有容易和困难两种可能性,这里表达“生活可能会……”,can 符合语境,故选C。 3.(2025·海南海口·二模)—Jeffery, which topic will you choose for your speech? —Uh... I____________ choose “My Sweet Memory”. I have to ask Mr. Li for advice first, and then make a decision. A.must B.may C.can 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——杰弗里,你打算选择哪个话题来演讲?——嗯……我可能选择“我的甜蜜回忆”。我得先问问李先生,然后才能做决定。考查动词辨析。must一定;may可能;can能够。根据“I have to ask Mr. Li for advice first, and then make a decision.”可知,此处指不确定选什么话题。故选B。 4.(2025·湖北武汉·二模)—What can I do for you? —I’ve lost my bank card, so I need to ________ it and get a new one. A.fix B.avoid C.report D.finish 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——我能为你做什么?——我的银行卡丢了,所以我需要报失再办一张新的。考查动词辨析。fix修理;avoid避免;report报告,公布;finish完成。根据“I’ve lost my bank card, so I need to …it and get a new one.”可知,此处是指银行卡丢失了需要去报失。故选C。 5.(2025·湖北武汉·三模)—Shall we get up early to watch the sunrise at the Lingbo Gate? —Certainly. Nothing can ________ a view like that! A.beat B.move C.manage D.imagine 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——我们早起去凌波门看日出好吗?——当然。没有什么比得上那样的风景!考查动词辨析。beat比……更好,胜过;move移动;manage管理;imagine想象。根据“Shall we get up early to watch the sunrise at the Lingbo Gate?”和“Certainly.”可知,此处是答应对方的邀请,说明没有什么能比看日出更好。故选A。 6.(2025·云南昆明·三模)—Can I leave now, Miss White? —Yes. And you ________ come here early tomorrow since everything is ready now. A.must B.mustn’t C.need to D.don’t have to 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——怀特小姐,我现在可以走了吗?——可以。而且既然现在一切都准备好了,你明天不用很早来这儿。考查情态动词辨析。must必须;mustn’t禁止;need to需要;don’t have to不必。根据“since everything is ready now”可知,明天不必很早来,故选D。 7.(2025·福建泉州·三模)—Australia passed a law last November to ________ people under 16 using social media. —It’s a good way to make sure of the safety of teenagers. A.avoid B.keep C.prevent 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——澳大利亚去年11月通过了一项法律,以阻止16岁以下的人使用社交媒体。——这是确保青少年安全的好方法。考查动词辨析。avoid避免;keep保持;prevent阻止。根据“It’s a good way to make sure of the safety of teenagers.”可知,法律的目的应是阻止未成年人使用社交媒体。故选C。 8.(2025·安徽·模拟预测)—The human-like robot can run faster than a person. That’s amazing! —Yes. Scientists design different programs to ________ it, which shows the power of technology. A.control B.discover C.encourage D.describe 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——这款类人机器人比人跑得还快,太神奇了!——是的。科学家设计不同的程序来控制它,这显示了科技的力量。考查动词辨析。control控制;discover发现;encourage鼓励;describe描述。根据“Scientists design different programs to…it”可知,科学家设计程序的目的是为了控制机器人的行为。故选A。 9.(2025·安徽宣城·二模)Many young students want to be famous and popular. But to make this dream come true, they really ______ a lot of talent and hard work. A.create B.behave C.manage D.require 【答案】D 【解析】句意:许多年轻学生想出名和受欢迎。但为了实现这个梦想,他们真的需要很多天赋和努力工作。 考查动词辨析。create创造;behave表现;manage管理;require需要。根据“But to make this dream come true, they really...a lot of talent and hard work.”可知实现梦想需要天赋和努力工作,故选D。 10.(2025·江苏连云港·中考真题)New types of energy from the sun, wind and water ________ little pollution and will never run out. A.burn B.recycle C.separate D.produce 【答案】D 【解析】句意:来自太阳能、风能和水能的新型能源几乎不会产生污染,而且永远不会耗尽。 考查动词辨析。burn燃烧;recycle回收;separate分开;produce产生。根据“little pollution and will never run out.”可知新型能源几乎不会产生污染。故选D。 11.(2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题)On the Dragon Boat Festival, my mother cooked delicious zongzi and ________ them on the plate. A.laid B.lay C.lain 【答案】A 【解析】句意:端午节,我妈妈做了美味的粽子,把它们摆放在盘子里。考查动词辨析和时态。laid摆放,lay的过去式;lay平躺,lie的过去式/放置,动词原形;lain躺下,lie的过去分词。根据“them on the plate”可知是把粽子摆放在盘子里,根据“cooked”可知句子用一般过去时,故用lay的过去式laid。故选A。 12.(2025·湖北武汉·中考真题)—Why do you often wear white clothes in summer? —Clothes of this color ________ the heat, so I don’t feel that hot. A.spread B.reflect C.increase D.bring 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——你为什么夏天经常穿白色的衣服?——这种颜色的衣服能反射热量,所以我不觉得那么热。考查动词辨析。spread传播;reflect反射;increase增加;bring带来。根据“the heat, so I don’t feel that hot.”可知可以反射热量,所以不觉得热。故选B。 13.(2024·四川成都·中考真题)The cartoon movie Chang An shows how important it is ________ life’s problems with a smile. A.to find B.to check C.to face 【答案】C 【解析】句意:动画电影《长安三万里》展示了微笑面对生活中的问题是多么重要。考查动词辨析。find找到;check检查;face面对。根据“life’s problems with a smile”可知,此处指微笑面对生活中的问题。故选C。 14.(2024·四川成都·一模)—Mr. Li, what’s your opinion about the Palestine-Israel conflict (巴以冲突)? —I really hope that the two sides can stop bombing (轰炸) to ________ a more serious disaster (灾难). Definitely, this is not our world! A.produce B.support C.prevent 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——李先生,您对巴以冲突有何看法?——我真心希望双方能够停止轰炸,以防止发生更严重的灾难。当然,这不是我们的世界!考查动词辨析。produce生产;support支持;prevent防止。根据“two sides can stop bombing (轰炸) to…a more serious disaster”可知是指双方能够停止轰炸,以防止发生更严重的灾难,故选C。 15.(2024·四川成都·二模)—Tony, can AI (人工智能) help us predict extreme weather? —Maybe it can. It was reported that an AI model ________ by Google predicted Hurricane Lee (飓风李) three days before weather station in America. A.created B.discovered C.influenced 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——托尼,人工智能可以帮助我们预测极端天气吗?——也许可以。据报道,谷歌创建的人工智能模型在美国气象站三天前就预测到了飓风李。考查动词辨析。created创建;discovered发现;influenced影响。根据“an AI model...by Google”可知,是由谷歌创建的模型。故选A。 ★被动语态 1.(2025·四川成都·一模)More trees________on our campus next Tree Planting Day. A.were planted B.are planted C.may be planted 【答案】C 【解析】句意:下一个植树节,我们的校园可能会种更多的树。考查含情态动词的被动语态。根据主语“more trees”和谓语动词“plant”之间的关系可知,此处应用被动语态。再根据“next Tree Planting Day”并结合选项内容可知,此处应用含情态动词may的被动语态,表示对将来的情况进行推测。故选C。 2.(2025·四川成都·模拟预测)The 9th Asian Winter Games _______ successfully in Harbin from February 7 to 14, 2025. A.held B.was holding C.was held 【答案】C 【解析】句意:第九届亚洲冬季运动会于2025年2月7日至14日在哈尔滨成功举行。考查动词语态。根据“February 7 to 14, 2025”可知时态为一般过去时,且运动会是被举办的,需用一般过去时的被动语态,结构为was/were done。故选C。 3.(2025·四川达州·二模)—Would you mind telling me if he ________ the meeting in five days? —He won’t, unless he ________. A.will attend; is invited B.attends; will be invited C.will attend; invites 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——你介意告诉我他五天后是否会参加会议吗?——他不会,除非他被邀请。考查时态和语态。第一个空为宾语从句,根据“in five days”可知应用一般将来时;第二个空为unless引导的条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则,故从句应用一般现在时,且主语he和动词invite为动宾关系,应用被动语态。故选A。 4.(2025·四川成都·二模)The Chinese Spring Festival ______ to UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage (非物质文化遗产) list last December. A.was added B.is added C.will be added 【答案】A 【解析】句意:中国春节去年 12 月被列入联合国教科文组织的非物质文化遗产名录。考查一般过去时的被动语态。was added被添加、被列入,一般过去时的被动语态;is added被添加、被列入,一般现在时的被动语态;will be added将被添加、将被列入,一般将来时的被动语态。根据“The Chinese Spring Festival...to UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage list last December.”可知,句子时态是一般过去时态,“春节”与“列入”之间是被动关系,即“春节被列入非遗名录”,所以应该用一般过去时的被动语态。选项A“was added”是一般过去时的被动语态。故选A。 5.(2025·四川成都·二模)The first “Sichuan Opera Theme Bus” in China ________ to Chengdu on January 31, 2025. A.was introduced B.is introduced C.will be introduced 【答案】A 【解析】句意:2025年1月31日,中国第一辆“川剧主题巴士”被引进成都。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。was introduced被引进,一般过去时的被动语态;is introduced被引进,一般现在时的被动语态;will be introduced将被引进,一般将来时的被动语态。分析句子结构可知,主语为The first “Sichuan Opera Theme Bus” 与动词introduce“引进”存在逻辑上的被动关系,应使用被动语态,其结构为:be+动词的过去分词,且根据句中的时间状语on January 31, 2025可知,本句的时态为一般过去时,be动词应使用过去式was,所以,此处应用一般过去时的被动语态,选项A符合题意。故选A。 6.(2025·四川成都·二模)The Winter Olympics ________ in 2026 in Italy, and many people are looking forward to it. A.will be held B.was held C.is holding 【答案】A 【解析】句意:2026年冬奥会将在意大利举行,许多人都期待着它。考查动词的时态和语态。句中主语“The Winter Olympics”和动词“hold”之间是被动关系,即冬奥会是被举行的,所以要用被动语态,根据时间状语“in 2026”可知,这是一个将来的时间,所以要用一般将来时,谓语结构为will be done。故选A。 7.(2025·四川成都·一模)Starting from January 2025, the Spring Festival holiday ________ from the previous three days to four days, including the eve of the Chinese Lunar New Year. A.increased B.is increasing C.will be increased 【答案】C 【解析】句意:从2025年1月开始,春节假期将从之前的3天增加到4天,包括除夕。考查一般将来时的被动语态。“the Spring Festival holiday”与“increase”是动宾关系,应用被动语态。根据“Starting from January 2025”可知此处用一般将来时。故选C。 8.(2025·吉林松原·模拟预测)AI technology ______ by more and more people all over the world. A.is used B.are used C.use 【答案】A 【解析】句意:AI技术被全世界越来越多的人使用。考查被动语态和主谓一致。is used被使用,主语为单数或不可数名词;are used被使用,主语为复数;use使用,主动语态。根据主语“AI technology”可知,其是单数名词,且动作“使用”由“more and more people”发出,需用单数被动语态形式。故选A。 9.(2025·四川凉山·模拟预测)In order to meet the people’s growing needs for reading, a new library ________ in the center of the city last year. A.is built B.has been built C.was built 【答案】C 【解析】句意:为了满足人们日益增长的阅读需求,去年市中心建了一座新图书馆。考查动词时态和语态。主语“a new library”与动词build之间是动宾关系,根据时间状语“last year”可知,动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时的被动语态was built。故选C。 10.(2025·江西赣州·一模)The highly-praised Chinese film Ne Zha 2: The Devil Child Comes to the Sea which is the highest-grossing (票房最高的) film ________ by Jiaozi. A.was directed B.directed C.had been directed D.has directed 【答案】A 【解析】句意:备受好评的中国电影《哪吒2:魔女来海》是票房最高的电影,由饺子执导。考查一般过去时的被动语态。设空处需填入谓语动词,与“by Jiaozi”构成被动含义,修饰“film”,且电影是在过去执导的,用一般过去时的被动语态,was/were done。主语是名词单数,系动词用was。故选A。 11.(2025·江西吉安·一模)—I think it’s more and more important for us to protect our environment. —I agree with you. Air and water ________ seriously. A.is polluted B.are polluting C.Pollute D.are being polluted 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——我认为保护环境对我们来说越来越重要。——我同意你的看法。空气和水正受到严重污染。考查被动语态和时态。主语Air and water与动词pollute之间是被动关系;结合语境,可知空处表示“正受到严重污染”,时态应用现在进行时,故用现在进行时的被动语态be being done,主语是Air and water,be动词用are。故选D。 12.(2025·安徽亳州·二模)As China grows stronger and stronger, Chinese _________ in more and more schools out of our country. A.teaches B.is taught C.has taught D.was taught 【答案】B 【解析】句意:随着中国变得越来越强大,汉语在越来越多的国外学校被教授。考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语“Chinese”指汉语,与动词“teach”构成被动关系,且句子描述当前普遍趋势,需用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。 13.(24-25九年级上·江苏常州·月考)We’re not sure if they ________ the concert in two weeks. If it ________, they must practice hard. A.will hold, holds B.will hold, is held C.hold, will be held D.hold, holds 【答案】B 【解析】句意:我们不确定他们是否会在两周后举办音乐会。如果音乐会如期举行,他们必须努力练习。考查动词时态和语态。第一句是if引导的宾语从句,结合“in two weeks”及宾语从句的“主现从不限”原则可知,空处用一般将来时(will do);第二句是if引导的条件状语从句,主句含有情态动词,从句用一般现在时,且主语it与hold之间是动宾关系,所以此处用一般现在时的被动语态(am/is/are done)。故选B。 14.(2025·海南省直辖县级单位·三模)Playing too much online games is harmful to teenagers’ health. I think the games ________. A.should turn off B.should be turned off C.turn off 【答案】B 【解析】句意:玩太多网络游戏对青少年的健康有害。我认为这些游戏应该被关闭。考查语态。分析句子可知,句子主语“the games(游戏)”是动作的承受者,作主语时需用被动语态。被动语态的基本结构为 “be + 过去分词”,情态动词 “should”后需接动词原形be。故选B。 15.(2025·广东汕头·三模)Hangzhou, the capital city of Zhejiang Province, ________ by the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA) to host the 2022 Asian Games. A.was chosen B.is chosen C.will choose D.will be chosen 【答案】A 【解析】句意:浙江省省会杭州被亚奥理事会(OCA)选为2022年亚运会的主办城市。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据语境可知,杭州被选为2022年亚运会的主办城市是过去发生的事情,且主语“Hangzhou”和谓语choose之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故应用一般过去时的被动语态,其结构为“was/were+过去分词”,主语为“Hangzhou”,be动词用was,choose的过去分词为chosen。故选A。 16.(2025·海南海口·模拟预测)Look at the ad below. Lessons for guitar, bass, piano, drums and voice lessons ________ in Paul’s Guitar Shop. A.offer B.offered C.are offered 【答案】C 【解析】句意:看看下面的广告。保罗的吉他店提供吉他、贝斯、钢琴、鼓和声乐课程。考查被动语态。根据“Lessons for guitar, bass, piano, drums and voice lessons...in Paul’s Guitar Shop.”可知,这些课程被保罗的吉他店提供,此句应用被动语态,选项C“be done”结构为被动语态。故选C。 17.(2025·江苏扬州·三模)—It takes me nearly two hours on the way to work. It makes me very upset. —Don’t worry. It will become much more convenient when the underground ________ next year. A.builds B.will build C.is built D.will be built 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——我上班路上要花近两个小时。这让我很沮丧。——别担心。明年地铁建成后会方便得多。考查一般现在时的被动语态。when引导的时间状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则,从句要用一般现在时,且“the underground”与“build”之间是被动关系,即地铁被建造,所以用一般现在时的被动语态is built。故选C。 18.(2025·云南昆明·三模)President Xi Jinping ______ for a cup of coffee in the Old Town of Li Jiang on Wednesday and commented that Yunnan coffee represents China. A.invited B.was invited C.was inviting D.is invited 【答案】B 【解析】句意:习近平主席周三在丽江古城被邀请喝咖啡,并称赞云南咖啡代表中国。考查时态及语态。根据“President Xi Jinping ______ for a cup of coffee”可知,主语是动作的接受者,需用被动语态;根据“on Wednesday and commented”可知,时态为一般过去时。故选B。 19.(2025·福建福州·三模)The Spring Festival ________ to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录) on December 4, 2024. A.was added B.is added C.added 【答案】A 【解析】句意:2014年12月4日,春节被列入《人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录》。考查时态和语态。主语The Spring Festival和谓语add之间是被动关系,根据“on December 4, 2024”可知句子用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选A。 20.(2025·福建厦门·二模)According to iMedia Research, the Chinese herbal drinks (草药饮品) market ________ to reach 100 billion yuan in 2028. A.is expected B.expects C.will expect 【答案】A 【解析】句意:根据iMedia Research的数据,中国草药饮品市场预计到2028年将达到1000亿元人民币。 考查被动语态。be expected to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“被期望做某事;有望做某事”,这里表示 “中国草药饮品市场有望在2028年达到1000亿元”,用被动语态符合语境。故选A。 二、单词拼写 1.(2025·四川成都·三模)A Dream of Red Mansions(《红楼梦》) has been t into more than 30 languages and spread to many countries. 【答案】(t)ranslated 【解析】句意:《红楼梦》已被翻译成30多种语言,并传播到许多国家。根据“into more than 30 languages”可知,指的是语言的翻译,需要用动词translate,此处是现在完成时的被动语态,动词用过去分词。故填(t)ranslated。 2.(2025·四川成都·二模)If salt is s onto the ice, the freezing temperature will be lower than 0℃. 【答案】(s)pread 【解析】句意:如果把盐撒在冰上,冰点温度就会低于0℃。spread“传播,散开”,动词。此处指盐被撒到冰上,是被动语态,spread用其过去分词形式,其过去分词形式是spread。故填(s)pread。 3.(2025·四川成都·一模)Lion or dragon dances are i in the celebrations of Spring Festival. 【答案】(i)nvolved/(i)ncluded 【解析】句意:舞狮或舞龙包含在春节庆祝活动中。根据“Lion or dragon dances”和“in the celebrations of Spring Festival”可知,舞狮或舞龙包含在春节庆祝活动中,结合首字母,involve/include“包含”符合语境,且主语“Lion or dragon dances”与动词“involve/include”存在被动关系,用一般现在时的被动语态,结构为“am/is/are+过去分词”。故填(i)nvolved/(i)ncluded。 4.(2025·四川成都·模拟预测)The astronauts of Shenzhou XVIII spacecraft returned to the earth safely on November 4, 2024, after c a six-month space station mission (任务). 【答案】(c)ompleting 【解析】句意:在完成为期六个月的空间站任务后,神舟十八号飞船的宇航员于2024年11月4日安全返回地球。根据“The astronauts of Shenzhou XVIII spacecraft returned to the earth safely on November 4,2024, after…a six-month space station mission.”及首字母可知,此处指的是在完成为期六个月的空间站任务后,complete“完成”,动词;after“在……之后”,介词,后跟动名词。故填(c)ompleting。 5.(2025·四川成都·二模)Planning a big party is really a headache because you need to c your guests’ preferences, the relationship and so on. 【答案】(c)onsider 【解析】句意:策划一场大型派对真的很让人头疼,因为你需要考虑宾客的喜好、人际关系等等。根据“Planning a big party is really a headache because you need to... your guests’ preferences, the relationship and so on.”可知,“宾客喜好、人际关系”这些是举办派对时需要去权衡、思考的因素,结合首字母此处用“consider”“考虑”,表达对这些因素进行权衡思考。need to do sth.“需要做某事”,故填(c)onsider。 6.(2025·四川成都·一模)“Being independent” is a quality highly v in the US. So when kids turn 18, they usually move out of their parents’ house and begin to support themselves. 【答案】(v)alued 【解析】句意:“独立”是一种在美国备受重视的品质。所以当孩子年满18岁时,他们通常会搬出父母家,开始自力更生。根据“‘Being independent’ is a quality highly...in the US”及首字母提示,“独立”在美国备受“重视”,“value”有“重视;珍视”之意,且“quality”与“value”之间是被动关系,这里用过去分词作定语修饰名词quality。故填(v)alued。 7.(2025·四川成都·二模)Family members sitting together and c is a good way to solve family problems. 【答案】communicating/chatting 【解析】句意:家庭成员坐在一起交流是解决家庭问题的好方法。“sitting together”是现在分词短语作后置定语修饰“Family members”,and连接并列成分,所以这里需要填入动词的现在分词形式,与“sitting”并列,根据句意及首字母,这里填communicate或chat,“communicate”的现在分词形式是“communicating”,“chat”的现在分词形式是“chatting”,表示“交流”这个行为。故填communicating/chatting。 8.(2025·四川成都·二模)Planning a big party is really a headache because you need to c your guests’ preferences, the relationship and so on. 【答案】(c)onsider 【解析】句意:策划一场大型派对真的很让人头疼,因为你需要考虑宾客的喜好、人际关系等等。根据“Planning a big party is really a headache because you need to... your guests’ preferences, the relationship and so on.”可知,“宾客喜好、人际关系”这些是举办派对时需要去权衡、思考的因素,结合首字母此处用“consider”“考虑”,表达对这些因素进行权衡思考。need to do sth.“需要做某事”,故填(c)onsider。 9.(2025·四川成都·模拟预测)The increasing number of homeless people at war reminds us to v the peace our home country provides for us. 【答案】(v)alue 【解析】句意:战争中被遗弃的人越来越多,这提醒我们要珍惜祖国为我们提供的和平。根据“the peace our home country provides for us”可知,此处指的是“重视/珍惜(祖国带来的和平)”,value“重视”,空前有to,此处动词用原形,故填(v)alue。 10.(2025·四川成都·一模)It is well known that art is a mirror r our real world. 【答案】(r)eflecting 【解析】句意:众所周知,艺术是一面反映我们真实世界的镜子。根据首字母提示及空后的“art is a mirror...our real world”可知,此处指“反映我们的现实世界”。reflect“反映”,句中有谓语动词,故空处需reflect的非谓语形式,mirror与reflect之间是主动关系,需现在分词reflecting作后置定语。故填(r)eflecting。 11.(2025·四川成都·三模)Although electronic books are common, the joy of reading a paper book r a special experience. 【答案】(r)emains 【解析】句意:虽然电子书很常见,但阅读纸质书的乐趣仍然是一种特殊的体验。根据句意可知,空格需要填入一个动词,表示“保持为”或“仍然是”的含义,remain“仍然是”;主语the joy是单数,动词用三单。故填(r)emains。 12.(2025·四川成都·三模)China has successfully e the far side of the Moon with the Chang’e-4 mission, becoming the first country to land a rover there. 【答案】(e)xplored 【解析】句意:中国利用嫦娥四号任务成功探索了月球背面,成为第一个在那里着陆月球车的国家。根据“becoming the first country to land a rover there.”并结合首字母提示可知,中国成为第一个在月球背面着陆月球车的国家,应是成功探索了月球背面,explore“探索”,此处应用过去分词形式,构成现在完成时。故填(e)xplored。 13.(2025·四川成都·模拟预测)The coach has m many times that teamwork is the most important for us to win the competition. 【答案】(m)entioned 【解析】句意:教练已经多次提到团队合作对我们赢得比赛是最重要的。根据“The coach has...many times that teamwork is the most important for us to win the competition.”以及首字母提示可知,此处指提到,mention“提到”,动词;由助动词“has”可知,句子时态为现在完成时,其结构是“has/have + 过去分词”,mention的过去分词是mentioned。故填(m)entioned。 三、补全对话 (一) (2025·四川成都·模拟预测改编)完成对话。在空格中填上适当的单词,使对话完整正确,一空一词(含缩写词)。 A: Wenshu Monastery? Isn’t it a famous Buddhist (佛教) temple in Chengdu? B: Exactly! But it’s more than just a temple. It’s also known for its delicious vegetarian food. I’ve heard the vegetarian hot pot there is amazing. Its dishes are mainly made with tofu, mushrooms, and other plant-based materials/ingredients. They not only look like meat, but also 1 like it. The “vegetarian duck”and “vegetarian fish” are really worth a try. A: Are they expensive? B: Not at all. The prices there can be 2 by the common people. 【答案】 1.taste 2.afforded/accepted 【解析】本文是一段关于四川火锅和素食火锅的对话,讨论了健康饮食和成都文殊院的素食火锅特色。 1.根据“not only look like meat, but also...like it”(不仅看起来像肉,而且……像肉)可推知是“尝起来”。故填taste。 2.根据“The prices there can be...by the common people”(那里的价格可以被普通人……)可以推知是“负担得起”。故填afforded/accepted。 (二) (2025·四川成都·一模改编)在空格中填上适当的单词,使对话完整正确。一空一词(含缩写词)。 Jenny and Curry are planning for the Life Education Week in their school. (J for Jenny; C for Curry) J: I’m planning for the Life Education Week in our school. Do you have any ideas for it, Curry? C: Life education? What does it mean? J: You know, teenagers are now facing too much pressure because of all kinds of competitions and challenges. Some students can’t even stand any failure. This makes them most likely to become mentally ill, or even worse, hurt themselves. So schools need to help them learn to respect life, and understand the meaning of life. C: So life education does sound very important/necessary as it can not only teach students to have a positive opinion about life, but also 1 students harming themselves. 【答案】1.prevent 【解析】本文是Jenny和Curry讨论“生命教育周”的一段对话,主要内容包括生命教育的意义、存在的问题以及解决建议。 1.根据前文“hurt themselves”和后文“harming themselves”可知,生命教育的目的之一是“防止”学生自我伤害,prevent sb. from doing sth.是固定搭配,意为“阻止某人做某事”,放在情态动词can之后,用动词原形。故填prevent。 (三) (2025·四川成都·模拟预测)在空格中填上适当的单词,使对话完整正确。一空一词(含缩写词)。 A: They take full advantage of the space to provide a relaxing environment for people. That sounds brilliant. B: I can’t agree more. Pocket parks don’t take up too much space, but they’re nicely 1 with different kinds of plants and beautiful paintings. In these areas, you can take a walk, have a picnic with friends, or even do some light exercise like tai chi or yoga. A: It seems that they’re also suitable for children to have fun. What 2 pocket parks truly special? B: I think it’s their ability to 3 as gathering place for local communities. They offer a space where neighbors can meet, chat, and get to know each other. Even a simple smile or friendly nod for 4 one another can brighten someone’s day. 【答案】1.decorated 2.makes 3.serve 4.greeting 5.greeting 【解析】本文是一则对话,对话主题是关于公园的,特别是口袋公园的作用。 1.根据“me calm and peace”可知,空处需要填一个动词来表达公园带给作者的感受,bring“带来”符合句意,时态是一般现在时,主语that表示单数,谓语动词用单三形式brings。故填brings。 2.根据“they’re nicely ... with different kinds of plants and beautiful paintings”可知,它们被很好地装饰。动词应该是decorate“装饰”,此处表示被动,用动词的过去分词decorated。故填decorated。 3.根据“What ... pocket parks truly special?”及对方的回答可知,这是在问“是什么使口袋公园真正特别?” 需要动词“make”,意思是“使……变得”,what作主语,表示单数,谓语动词用单三形式。故填makes。 4.根据“their ability to ... as”可知,固定搭配“serve as”意思是“充当,担任”,描述口袋公园作为社区聚集地的功能,不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填serve。 5.根据“for ... one another”可知,此处表示问候彼此,空前是for,空处填动名词形式;动词“greet”的动名词形式“greeting”。故填greeting。 四、完形填空 (一) (2025·四川成都·模拟预测改编)There was a farmer skilled at growing apples. One morning, he noticed a bad apple sitting on his prized apple tree. “If it 1 , the other apples will go bad,” he thought. He used a catapult to shoot it, but he missed each time and knocked several good apples down. Next, he got a(n) stick, but it wasn’t helpful either. When he tried to reach the bad apple up high with it, he knocked more good apples down. Then, he tried shaking the tree to make the bad apple fall, but no matter how hard he shook, it stayed in place, and more good apples fell. Feeling 2 , the farmer left. Later, the farmer 3 something important. In all his efforts to remove the bad apple, he had caused many other apples to fall. Sometimes, we spend too much time and effort watching “one bad apple” in our lives. What we 4 are the other wonderful apples we already have. 1.A.sits B.drops C.spreads 2.A.surprised B.embarrassed C.disappointed 3.A.achieved B.realized C.completed 4.A.hide B.forget C.trust 【答案】1.C 2.C 3.B 4.B 【解析】本文通过农夫徒劳处理坏苹果却损害好苹果的比喻,告诫人们不要因小失大,过度关注负面事物可能让我们忽视已有的美好。 1.句意:“如果它蔓延,其他苹果也会坏掉。”农夫想。sits坐下;drops掉落;spreads蔓延。根据“the other apples will go bad”可知,坏果蔓延,其他苹果也会坏掉,故选C。 2.句意:农夫感到失望,最终离开了。surprised惊讶;embarrassed尴尬;disappointed失望。根据“but no matter how hard he shook, it stayed in place, and more good apples fell”可知,农民感到失望,故选C。 3.句意:后来,农夫意识到一个重要道理。achieved达成;realized意识到;completed完成。根据“In all his efforts to remove the bad apple, he had caused many other apples to fall.”可知,意识到重要的道理,故选B。 4.句意:我们忘记的正是已经拥有的其他好苹果。hide隐藏;forget忘记;trust信任。根据“are the other wonderful apples we already have.”可知,我们忘记自己拥有其他好苹果,故选B。 (二) (2025·四川成都·模拟预测)Taiping nijiaojiao is a traditional toy with a history of more than 1,000 years in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu. It’s a clay toy, but it can make wonderful sounds. So it can be 41 as a whistle (哨子). Taiping nijiaojiao is made of mud (泥浆) from the local mountain. It takes more than ten steps to make it and the key one is kneading (捏) it with hands. You can knead it into anything, like animals or plants. It’s hard to make Taiping nijiaojiao. But when you finally make it, you will feel very 43 . About 20 years ago, Zhou Baokang first noticed Taiping nijiaojiao in Huashan village and soon became interested in it. Then he learned how to make it from the local artists. In order to let more people know about this art, he has opened a museum to 44 it, and he also teaches kids to make toys at schools. There are many traditional art forms in China, but some of them have been lost. Luckily, Taiping nijiaojiao is kept to this day. 41.A.used B.imagined C.recorded 42.A.relaxed B.proud C.surprised 44.A.research B.protect C.introduce 【答案】41.A 42.A 43.B 44.C 【解析】本文主要讲述了太平泥叫叫是一种传统玩具,有1000多年的历史。 1.句意:它可以被用作哨子。 used使用;imagined想象;recorded记录。根据“it can make wonderful sounds. So it can be...as a whistle”可知,它能发出美妙的声音,be used as“被用作”,故选A。 2.句意:但当你最终制作完成时,会感到非常自豪。 relaxed放松;proud自豪;surprised惊讶。根据“It’s hard to make Taiping nijiaojiao. But when you finally make it, you will feel very...”可知,完成困难手工后的情感通常是“自豪”,故选B。 3.句意:他开设了一家博物馆来推广它。 research研究;protect保护;introduce介绍/推广。根据“In order to let more people know about this art”可知,为了让更多人了解这门艺术,因此可以推断出是“介绍”,故选C。 (三) (2025·四川成都·模拟预测改编)Jiang-Zhang is from Shangrao, Jiangxi Province. She lost both of her legs after she was 1 by a fast-running car at the age of six. When the accident happened, it was actually JiangZhang who tried to comfort her mother. “ When you don’t cry, I feel much better,” Jiang-Zhang 2 telling her mom. Jiang-Zhang started to learn to 3 a year after the accident. Many teachers did not know how to teach her. But her mother finally found one who agreed to teach her. Over the years, Jiang-Zhang and her mother have performed on big stages (舞台) many times. Their dances have 4 the hearts of many people. 1.A.hit B.killed C.taken 2.A.kept B.imagined C.avoided 3.A.write B.sing C.dance 4.A.lost B.hurt C.touched 【答案】 1.A 2.A 3.C 4.C 【解析】本文主要讲述了蒋张在5岁时被一辆快速行驶的汽车撞伤,失去了双腿,但身残志坚的故事。 1.句意:她六岁时被一辆疾驰的汽车撞了,失去了双腿。hit撞击;killed杀死;taken拿。根据文中“She lost both of her legs after she was…by a fast-running car at the age of six.”可知,此处指的是蒋张被车撞了。故选A。 2.句意:“当你不哭的时候,我感觉好多了,”蒋张不停地告诉她的妈妈。kept保持;imagined想象;avoided避免。根据文中“Jiang-Zhang…telling her mom.”及上文可知,此处指的是蒋张不停地安慰她的妈妈,keep doing sth“不停做某事”。故选A。 3.句意:事故发生一年后,蒋张开始学跳舞。write写;sing唱歌;dance跳舞。根据文中“Jiang-Zhang started to learn to…a year after the accident.”及下文中“Their dances have…the hearts of many people.”可知,此处指的是蒋张开始学习跳舞。故选C。 4.句意:他们的舞蹈打动了许多人的心。lost遗失;hurt伤害;touched感动。根据文中“Their dances have…the hearts of many people.”可知,此处指的是他们的舞蹈打动了很多人的心。故选C。 (四) (2025·山西·中考真题改编) ①A man couldn’t stand up for two years. Beinao-1 sends small electrical signals (信号) to his legs. After using it, he is able to take some small steps with others’ help. A woman had trouble speaking. When she thinks of words in her mind, Beinao-1 turns her thoughts into text on a screen. Now she 1 “talk” to her family again. ②For example, if a disabled person thinks “I want to drink water”, a robotic arm can pick up a cup, fill it with water, lift it carefully to the person’s mouth, and finally put it back. In this way, Beinao-1 helps disabled people 2 things by thoughts. 1.A.can B.must C.should 2.A.believe B.control C.protect 【答案】 1.A 2.B 【解析】本文主要介绍了中国自主研发的脑机接口技术Beinao-1如何帮助残疾人恢复行动和语言能力,展现了我国高科技领域的突破。 1.句意:现在她能够再次和家人“交谈”。can能够;must必须;should应该。根据“Beinao-1 turns her thoughts into text on a screen”可知,该设备让她具备了通过文字“交谈”的能力,can“能够”符合功能描述。故选A。 2.句意:用这种方法,Beinao-1帮助残疾人通过思维控制事物。believe相信;control控制;protect保护。根据“robotic arm can pick up a cup”可知,残疾人通过思维控制机械臂执行动作。故选B。 (五) (2025·四川成都·模拟预测改编) ①His 1 have brought endless happiness to children. In order that more children across the world can understand his stories, many of those tales have been 2 . Andersen was born in Denmark in 1805. When he was still a young boy, he was already very imaginative. He created a small toy theater and made different clothes for his puppets (玩偶). He also loved reading. ②In 1816, Andersen’s father died and he had to learn to be a tailor (裁缝) to 3 himself. Later he worked in a factory. At the age of 14, Andersen moved to Copenhagen, the capital of Denmark to become a(n) 4 and gave performances in the Royal Danish Theater. ③In the spring of 1872, Andersen fell out of bed and didn’t get well again. He lived until 1875 and died peacefully at the home of his close friend, 5 plenty of stories that teach us to love and to be kind. 1.A.promises B.secrets C.works 2.A.translated B.instructed C.improved 3.A.teach        ` B.feed C.enjoy 4.A.taking B.leaving C.spreading 【答案】1.C 2.A 3.B 4.B 【解析】本文介绍丹麦作家汉斯・克里斯蒂安・安徒生的生平经历、文学成就及其童话作品对世界儿童的影响。 1.句意:他的作品给孩子们带来了无尽的快乐。 promises承诺;secrets秘密;works作品。根据“brought endless happiness to children”及前文提到的故事可知,此处指他的作品。故选C。 2.句意:为了让全世界更多的孩子理解他的故事,许多故事已被翻译。 translated翻译;instructed指导;improved改进。根据“more children across the world can understand his stories”可知,故事需翻译成不同语言。故选A。 3.句意:1816年,安徒生的父亲去世,他不得不学做裁缝来养活自己。 teach教;feed喂养,养活;enjoy享受。根据“his father died”及“learn to be a tailor”可知,父亲去世后他需养活自己。故选B。 4.句意:他一直活到1875年,在亲密朋友的家中平静地去世,留下了许多教导我们去爱和善良的故事。 taking带走;leaving留下;spreading传播。根据“died peacefully”及“plenty of stories”可知,他去世后留下许多故事。故选B。 1 / 18 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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专题05 动词精讲与训练(复习讲义)(成都专用)2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测
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专题05 动词精讲与训练(复习讲义)(成都专用)2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测
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专题05 动词精讲与训练(复习讲义)(成都专用)2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测
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