Unit1单元语法课件 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

该初中英语课件聚焦动词不定式，通过"观察句子找规律"导入，引导学生从例句感知定义，再系统讲解作状语（表目的）、作宾语补足语用法及否定式，构建从感知到应用的学习支架。 其亮点在于结合例句解析、对比表格及改写练习提升语言能力，通过判断练习和用法辨析培养思维品质，总结固定短语优化学习能力。帮助学生精准掌握语法，教师可借助结构化内容高效开展教学。

语法精讲：动词不定式 3 2 4 5 6 7 用法一 ：作状语（表目的） 用法二 ：作宾语补足语 两种用法辨析 特殊形式：否定式 综合练习：学以致用 总结回顾：核心要点 目录 CONTENTS 1 什么是动词不定式？ 观察这些句子，找规律！ I play the flute to relax. I went to the sports centre to ice skate. She told me not to give up. My dad is teaching me to play the guitar. I play the flute to relax. I went to the sports centre to ice skate. She told me not to give up. My dad is teaching me to play the guitar. ✅ 什么是动词不定式？ 定义：动词不定式 = to + 动词原形 特点 ✅ 没有人称变化（I/you/he都一样） ✅ 没有单复数变化 ✅ 不能单独作谓语 基本形式举例 to read（读） to write（写） to play（玩/演奏） to relax（放松） to study（学习） 用法一：作状语（Adverbials） I play the flute to relax. 吹长笛 → 目的是放松 我吹长笛是为了放松。 I went to the sports centre to ice skate. 去体育中心 → 目的是滑冰 我去体育中心是为了滑冰。 People paint to remember a beautiful landscape. 画画 → 目的是记住美景 人们画画是为了记住美丽的风景。 动词不定式表目的 理解技巧 前一个动作的目的是什么？ 例句：I study hard. Why do you study hard? 答案：to get good grades（为了取得好成绩） 完整句：I study hard to get good grades. 要求：将下面两个句子合并成一个使用不定式表目的的句子。 原句：I go to the library. I want to borrow some books. 改写：____________________________________________ 原句：She practices piano every day. She hopes to win the competition. 改写：____________________________________________ 原句：They got up early. They wanted to catch the first bus. 改写：____________________________________________ I go to the library to borrow some books. She practices piano every day to win the competition. They got up early to catch the first bus. 句子改写 用法二：作宾语补足语（Object Complements） 动词不定式做宾补 补充说明宾语 回答的问题：What does the object do?（宾语做什么？） 结构公式 主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语 + to + 动词原形 She told me to study. 主语：She 谓语动词：tell（告诉） 宾语：me（我） 宾语做什么？to study（学习）宾补 She told me to get back up. me（我） to get back up 她告诉我要重新站起来。 My dad teaches me to play the guitar. me（我） to play the guitar 我爸爸教我弹吉他。 They allow us to do our favourite activities. us（我们） to do... 他们允许我们做自己喜欢的事。 要求：将下面两个句子合并成一个使用“动词+宾语+不定式”结构的句子。 1.原句：The teacher said something to the students. The students should hand in their homework on time. 改写： . 2.原句：My parents have a wish for me. They want me to become a doctor. 改写： . 3.原句：The sign gives people a warning. It tells people not to swim here. 改写： . 句子改写 The teacher told the students to hand in their homework on time My parents want me to become a doctor The sign warns people not to swim here 动词不定式作宾补省略to的情况 1. 感官动词 - 表示“看、听、感觉” see, hear, watch, notice, feel, look at, listen to I saw him enter the room.（看见他进房间） I heard her sing a song.（听见她唱歌） Watch me do it.（看我做） I felt the house shake.（感到房子震动） 2. 使役动词 - 表示“使、让、叫” let, make, have Let me help you.（让我帮你） The joke made us laugh.（笑话让我们笑了） I'll have him call you.（我会让他打电话给你） 对比： 动词原形（不带to）：强调动作全过程 I saw him cross the road.（过了马路） 现在分词（doing）：强调动作正在进行 I saw him crossing the road.（正在过马路） 判断是否需要加to： I watched the children ______ (play) in the park. She made me ______ (promise) to be careful. He was seen ______ (take) the money.（被动语态） Let's ______ (go) to the cinema tonight. 快速测试 play promise to take go 对比区分：两种用法辨析 判断练习 判断划线部分是什么成分？ I like to watch movies to relax.（状语/宾补？） My teacher asked me to speak louder.（状语/宾补？） We study hard to get good grades.（状语/宾补？） She wants her son to learn calligraphy.（状语/宾补？） 特殊形式：不定式的否定式 She told me not to give up so easily. My parents told me not to push myself too hard. Try not to forget your fears. 结构：not to + 动词原形 关键：not 放在 to 前面！ She told me to give up so easily. My parents told me to push myself too hard. Try to forget your fears. 改为否定形式 动词不定式总结 动词不定式作宾语 1. want to do 想要做   2. plan to do 计划做   3. decide to do 决定做   4. try to do 努力做   5. need to do 需要做   6. hope to do 希望做   7. learn to do 学习做   8. agree to do 同意做   9. promise to do 答应做   10. forget to do 忘记要做（还没做）   动词不定式作宾补 1. tell sb to do 告诉某人做 2. ask sb to do 请某人做 3. want sb to do 想要某人做 4. teach sb to do 教某人做 5. allow sb to do 允许某人做 6. encourage sb to do 鼓励某人做 7. invite sb to do 邀请某人做 8. remind sb to do 提醒某人做 动词不定式作宾语 3种说法： 1. to do（最常用） I study to get good grades. 2. in order to do（更正式） In order to pass, I study hard. 3. so as to do（书面语） He spoke slowly so as to be clear. 重要句型 1. too...to...（太……而不能） He is too young to drive. It's too hot to go out. 2. ...enough to...（足够……而能） She is old enough to travel alone. He ran fast enough to win. 3. It's + 形容词 + to do（做……怎么样） It's important to learn English. It's easy to make friends here. It's necessary to wear a uniform. 4. 疑问词 + to do（怎么做/做什么） I know what to do. Tell me how to use this. I don't know where to go. 固定短语 必须记的6个： 1. have to do 必须做（不得不） I have to finish homework. 2. used to do 过去常常做 I used to play here. 3. be going to do 打算做 I'm going to visit my grandma. 4. would like to do 想要做（客气） I'd like to have some water. 5. be about to do 马上就要做 The movie is about to start. 6. be able to do 能够做 He will be able to swim soon. 填空 I hope ______ (see) you tomorrow. She told me ______ (not be) late. He is ______ young ______ drive. (太……而不能) It's important ______ (drink) water. Do you know how ______ (use) this? to see not to be too to to drink to use 综合练习与巩固 语法填空题 用动词不定式的正确形式填空： Luca Bruno is an Italian teenager who finds it fun 1. ______ (make) mobile phone apps. He started programming 2. ______ (help) people. His latest app allows people 3. ______ (find) study partners for learning Italian. "It gives me a sense of achievement 4. ______ (see) people using the app," says Luca. Maya Badal collects postcards 5. ______ (learn) about different places. Her father encouraged her 6. ______ (keep) collecting. Now she dreams 7. ______ (travel) to these places in the future! to make to help to find to see to learn to keep  to travel 语法填空题 1.I have a purpose when I paint. I want to express my feelings. → I paint ______. 2."Please don't give up," the instructor said to Emma. → The instructor told Emma ______. 3.The purpose of developing the app is to help people learn Italian. → Luca developed the app ______. 4.My parents have a request. They want me to spend more time with my brother. → My parents want me ______. to express my feelings not to give up to help people learn Italian to spend more time with my brother 语法填空题 （ ）1.I joined the art club ______ improve my painting skills. A. for B. to C. so D. because （ ）2.My teacher always encourages us ______ new things. A. try B. to try C. trying D. tried （ ）3.They went to the mountains ______ fresh air. A. enjoy B. enjoying C. to enjoy D. enjoys （ ）4.Please remind me ______ my guitar to school tomorrow. A. bring B. to bring C. bringing D. brings B B C B 翻译练习 1.我学习编程是为了开发有用的应用程序。 2.妈妈告诉我要平衡学习和休闲时间。 3.他决定学习书法来了解中国传统文化。 4.老师鼓励我们不要害怕犯错。 I study programming to develop useful apps. My mother told me to balance study and free time. He decided to learn calligraphy to understand traditional Chinese culture. The teacher encouraged us not to be afraid of making mistakes. 动词不定式 宾补：说明“让谁做什么” → My mom wants me to study hard. 目的状语：说明“为什么做” → I study English to travel. 省略to的动词不定式 动词不定式的否定 $