Unit2 一般现在时语法详解+专项练习 2025-2026学年外研版英语七年级上册

一般现在时 语法详解+专项练习 语法详解 （一）一般现在时的定义 一般现在时是用来表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态，以及客观事实、真理的时态。外研版七上Unit 2围绕校园生活乐趣、兴趣爱好展开，一般现在时是描述日常活动、个人喜好的核心时态，如I like music.、He plays the erhu every day.。 （二）一般现在时的构成 一般现在时的构成分主语为第三人称单数和主语为非第三人称单数两种情况，这是七年级上册的核心考点。 1. 主语为非第三人称单数（I/we/you/they/复数名词） · 实义动词：用动词原形。 例：I play basketball after school.；They like rock music. · be动词：用am/is/are的对应形式（I→am，you/we/they→are）。 例：I am a student.；They are in the music club. 2. 主语为第三人称单数（he/she/it/单数名词/不可数名词） · 实义动词：动词后加第三人称单数形式。 · be动词：用is。 例：She plays the erhu.；It is a guitar. （三）实义动词第三人称单数的变化规则 1. 规则变化 · 一般情况直接加-s：play → plays，like → likes，listen → listens。 · 以s, x, ch, sh, o结尾的动词加-es：pass → passes，watch → watches，wash → washes，go → goes，do → does。 · 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，变y为i再加-es：study → studies，fly → flies；以元音字母+y结尾的动词，直接加-s：play → plays，stay → stays。 2. 不规则变化 · 特殊动词的三单形式需单独记忆：have → has，be → is，do → does，go → goes。 （四）一般现在时的用法 1. 表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态 · 常与频度副词连用：always、usually、often、sometimes、seldom、never；也可与时间状语连用：every day、every week、on Sundays。 例：He usually listens to music in the evening.；We go to school from Monday to Friday. 2. 表示客观事实、真理或自然现象 · 例：The earth goes around the sun.；Music makes people happy. 3. 表示现阶段的状态或性格特征 · 例：She likes rock music very much.；He is good at playing the piano. 4. 表示按计划、时刻表将要发生的动作 · 例：The train leaves at 8 o'clock.（七年级上册拓展内容）。 （五）一般现在时的句式变换 1. 肯定句 · 非三单：主语+动词原形/am/is/are+其他。 例：I like erhu music. · 三单：主语+动词三单形式/is+其他。 例：He plays the guitar well. 2. 否定句 · 实义动词： 非三单：主语+don't+动词原形+其他。 例：I don't like rock music. 三单：主语+doesn't+动词原形+其他。 例：She doesn't play the piano. · be动词：主语+am/is/are+not+其他。 例：It is not a violin.；They are not in the music room. 3. 一般疑问句 · 实义动词： 非三单：Do+主语+动词原形+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+do. 否定回答：No, 主语+don't. 例：—Do you like music?—Yes, I do./No, I don't. 三单：Does+主语+动词原形+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+does. 否定回答：No, 主语+doesn't. 例：—Does he play the erhu?—Yes, he does./No, he doesn't. · be动词：Am/Is/Are+主语+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+am/is/are. 否定回答：No, 主语+am/is/are+not. 例：—Is this a guitar?—Yes, it is./No, it isn't. 4. 特殊疑问句 · 结构：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？ 例：—What do you like?—I like music. 例：—Who plays the erhu in your class?—Li Ming does. （六）高频易错点 1. 第三人称单数形式遗漏或错误 · 错误：He play the erhu every day.；She like rock music. 2. 否定句中三单动词未还原 · 错误：He doesn't plays the guitar.；She doesn't likes music. 3. be动词与实义动词连用 · 错误：I am like music.；He is play the erhu. 4. 频度副词的位置错误 · 错误：I like always music. 专项练习 （一）写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式 1. like → ______ 2. play → ______ 3. watch → ______ 4. study → ______ 5. have → ______ 6. go → ______ 7. do → ______ 8. listen → ______ 9. wash → ______ 10. fly → ______ （二）用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. I ______ (like) rock music very much. 2. She ______ (play) the erhu every Saturday. 3. They ______ (not like) classical music. 4. ______ he ______ (listen) to music every day? 5. My father ______ (have) a guitar. He ______ (play) it well. 6. We ______ (go) to the music club on Sundays. 7. It ______ (be) a piano. It ______ (sound) beautiful. 8. She ______ (not do) her homework in the evening. She ______ (watch) TV. 9. ______ you ______ (like) pop music? 10. Tom ______ (study) music at school. He ______ (want) to be a musician. （三）选择题 1. My sister ______ music very much. A. like B. likes C. liking 2. —______ you ______ the erhu? —No, I don't. A. Do; play B. Does; play C. Do; plays 3. He ______ TV every evening, but he ______ TV now. A. watches; doesn't watch B. watch; don't watch C. watches; isn't watching 4. The earth ______ around the sun. A. go B. goes C. going 5. —What ______ she ______? —She ______ a teacher. A. do; do; is B. does; do; is C. does; does; is （四）按要求改写句子 1. I like rock music.（改为否定句） → ________________________________________ 2. She plays the erhu every day.（改为一般疑问句） → ________________________________________ 3. They go to the music club on Sundays.（对划线部分提问） → ________________________________________ 4. He has a guitar.（改为否定句） → ________________________________________ 5. The music sounds beautiful.（改为一般疑问句并作否定回答） → ________________________________________ （五）阅读理解填词 Li Ming ______ (like) music very much. He ______ (play) the erhu well. His friend Lucy ______ (like) rock music. She ______ (listen) to rock music every day. Lucy ______ (not play) the erhu, but she ______ (play) the guitar. They often ______ (go) to the music room together. Li Ming ______ (teach) Lucy to play the erhu, and Lucy ______ (teach) Li Ming to play the guitar. Music ______ (make) their friendship stronger. 练习答案 （一）写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式 1. likes 2. plays 3. watches 4. studies 5. has 6. goes 7. does 8. listens 9. washes 10. flies （二）用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. like 2. plays 3. don't like 4. Does; listen 5. has; plays 6. go 7. is; sounds 8. doesn't do; watches 9. Do; like 10. studies; wants （三）选择题 1. B 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. B （四）按要求改写句子 1. I don't like rock music. 2. Does she play the erhu every day? 3. What do they do on Sundays? 4. He doesn't have a guitar. 5. Does the music sound beautiful? No, it doesn't. （五）阅读理解填词 likes; plays; likes; listens; doesn't play; plays; go; teaches; teaches; makes ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $