热点13 首字母填空三大主题意境之人与自然（热点专练）（上海专用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

热点13 首字母填空三大主题意境之人与自然 （阅读单选+完形填空+阅读简答题） 文章导读 主要内容 一、环保与资源： 1. 减少塑料污染（停用塑料袋、吸管、塑料瓶，避免塑料包装，回收利用）； 2. 节约用水（关水龙头、合理用水、雨水收集、水循环利用）； 3. 能源替代（化石燃料的缺点，氢气作为燃料的优势与现存问题）； 二、自然现象与灾害： 1. 地震（地震频发城市的风险，科学家对地震预测的研究与理论）； 2. 空气污染（成因、危害、雾霾的特点与应对措施）； 三、人与自然互动： 1. 动物保护（泰国无家可归大象的救助，学生参与照料）； 2. 生物特征（蚱蜢的身体结构、发声方式、对人类的影响）； 3. 人与自然和谐（Cash Daniels 的环保行动，清理河流、回收资源；导盲犬帮助残疾人，改善生活） 题型解题要领 1．语境贴合 + 主题锚定：先通读全文明确核心主题（如环保、成长、社交），优先联想主题相关高频词。比如环保类优先锁定 “reduce/recycle/protect”，个人成长类联想 “dream/stress/improve”，社会礼仪类对应 “greet/communicate/polite”，避免脱离主题瞎猜。 2．逻辑推导 + 连接词突破：重点关注转折（but/however）、因果（so/because）、并列（and/or）等连接词，根据逻辑关系推断词义。比如前句说 “化石燃料有污染”，后句用 “besides” 衔接，可推断是补充缺点；看到 “but” 则优先考虑反义词（如 “hard” 对应 “easy”）。 3．词性预判 + 语法校验：先根据空格前后成分判断词性（冠词后接名词、情态动词后接动词原形、系动词后接形容词），再结合首字母缩小范围。比如 “the + 首字母 p” 可能是名词 “purpose/progress”，“be + 首字母 s” 可能是形容词 “successful/safe”，同时校验单复数、时态（如动词过去式、名词复数）是否正确。 4．固定搭配 + 高频短语优先：积累三大主题核心固定搭配（如环保类 “take action/make progress”，成长类 “come true/deal with stress”，社会类 “pass down/have an effect on”），遇到首字母匹配的搭配直接优先代入，减少思考成本。 5．代入验证 + 语义通顺度检查：填完后通读全文，确保单词符合句意、语法无错误，且前后语义连贯。比如环保主题填 “avoid” 后，要确认搭配的宾语（如 “plastic packaging”）是否合理；成长主题填 “brave” 后，要检查是否符合 “克服困难” 的语境，避免孤立看单个空格。 组合套餐01 Passage 1 Fill in the blanks with proper words. (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，首字母已给出。) Every year thousands of young people leave school for a few weeks or months and enjoy an unusual type of educational program. What they learn during this time does not come from b 1 . They learn new skills by living in a different country and doing unusual jobs. There are several organizations that help students to find the e 2 they are looking for. One interesting possibility is helping elephants in Thailand. Most people think of elephants as animals in zoos or circuses. However, many elephants in Thailand are no longer kept in captivity. Now, hundreds of them are h 3 . These gentle animals are often found on the streets as they do not have o 4 to care for them. Although they may look well, they are often in poor health and don’t have enough to eat. One center in Thailand cares for these elephants. It provides a safe and natural living s 5 for them. When they are at the center, they stay in a building but are f 6 to walk around. Students come from all over the world to help here. The student helpers work with the elephant keepers. These keepers t 7 the students in caring for the elephants. In the morning, they go to the forest together and lead the elephants to the center. They clean them and give them food. In the afternoon, they take the animals back into the forest for the night. Helping at the center is interesting and the young people learn a lot. Passage 2 Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给)     We are now living in the modern society. Most of the energy we use for heating, lighting, transportation and manufacturing (制造业) comes from fossil (化石) fuels. These are carbon-based fuels from oil, coal and natural gas. When we burn these fuels, they release heat and o 1 the energy.     There are three main disadvantages to using these fuels. Firstly, they are causing climate problems because of the Greenhouse Effect. When we burn fossil fuels they produce carbon dioxide which causes global warming. Secondly, when we have used up all our coal, oil and natural gas, we will have n 2 left to burn. Thirdly, they are not very efficient. The internal combustion engine (内燃机) that we use in most cars, trucks and buses, for example, is only about 14% efficient.     Scientists are working on another fuel—hydrogen (氢气). There are a couple of a 3 to using hydrogen as a fuel. Firstly, because about 70% of the earth’s surface is water and water is made of hydrogen and oxygen. There is an almost unlimited supply of hydrogen. B 4 , burning hydrogen does not cause global warming. More importantly, it is much more efficient than carbon-based fuels.     Unfortunately, there are problems with hydrogen at the p 5 time: there is the problem of separating (分离) it from water cheaply, and there is the difficulty of storing it. It can be stored under pressure but high pressure tanks are far from safe. It can also be stored as a liquid but only at e 6 low temperatures. It s 7 likely, therefore, that there will have to be a completely new technology before hydrogen replaces fossil fuels. Solving these problems is an urgent (急迫的) matter. Although China, India and Australia have huge amounts of cheap coal, and there are still large oil and gas reserves (储藏量) elsewhere, the effects on the planet will be bad if they are used. Passage 3 Never before have so many people been packed into cities—places such as Los Angeles, Istanbul, Tokyo and Lima—that are regularly affected by earthquakes. Located near the edge of Earth’s huge, shifting plates (板块), these cities face the r 1 of serious damage and economic disaster from large quakes, as well as tsunamis, fires and other kinds of disasters that earthquakes often bring about. We u 2 earthquakes better than we did a century ago. Scientists are working hard to be able to predict them, but is this possible? Today, some of the s 3 questions about earthquakes remain difficult to answer; Why do they start? What makes them stop? Perhaps the most important question scientists need to answer, though, is this: Are there clear patterns in earthquakes, or are they basically random and impossible to predict? In Japan, government scientists say they have an answer to the question. “We hold the belief that we can predict the l 4 of Japan’s next great earthquake: the region of Tokai southwest of Tokyo.” Here, two plate boundaries have c 5 huge earthquakes every 100 to 150 years, but there hasn’t been a major quake here since 1854. The theory is that stress is building up in this zone, which could lead to a very huge quake. U 6 , this is more a forecast than a prediction. It’s one thing to say that an earthquake is likely to happen in a high-risk area, and it’s another to predict exactly where and when the quake will occur. The desire for a precise prediction of time and place has led to another theory: the idea of “preslip”. Naoyuki Kato, another earthquake scientist, says his laboratory experiments show that b 7 a fault (断层) in the Earth’s crust (地壳) finally breaks and leads to an earthquake, it slips just a little. If we can detect these early slips taking place deep in the Earth’s crust, we may be able to predict the next big quake. 组合套餐02 Passage 1 Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给) Five tips for less plastic The world has a plastic problem and it is increasing. Scientists are working to find a long-term solution by making plastic more biodegradable (可生物降解的). But in the meantime, here are five things you can do to r 1 plastic waste now. 1. Stop using plastic bags. Instead, take your own reusable shopping bag to the store. People use a trillion plastic bags worldwide every year. About 10 percent are used in the United States alone. That’s almost one bag per American per day, but the a 2 Dane (丹麦人) uses four single-use bags per year. In 1993, Denmark was the first country to place a tax on plastic bags. Today, other countries (such as Chile, Kenya and New Zealand) make customers pay for plastic bags, or have banned (禁止) them c 3 .                 2. Skip the straw. Today, around 8.3 billion plastic straws pollute the world’s beaches. So when you order a drink, say “no” to the plastic straw, or bring your own reusable one. In 2018, Seattle became the first major U.S. city to ban plastic straws and many other cities are set to follow its e 4 . 3. Don’t use plastic bottles. Buy a reusable bottle and fill it with any t 5 of drink you like. Some cities have already banned bottled water. However, people still buy nearly a million plastic bottles every minute in the world. 4. A 6 plastic packaging. Buy bar soap instead of liquid soap in plastic containers. Don’t buy fruit or vegetables in plastic packaging. In the U.K, leaders are calling for supermarkets to have plastic-free areas. They also want to tax plastic take-out containers. 5. Recycle. We can’t recycle all plastic items, but it is p 7 to recycle most bottles and milk or juice cartons. Today, Norway recycles 97 percent of its plastic bottles. How? Machines at most supermarkets take the bottles and give a refund of up to 2.5 kroner (32 cents) per bottle. Passage 2 Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words  (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给) Air pollution, as we know it today, started with the Industrial Revolution in Europe in the 19th century. In the last few decades, it has b 1 a serious problem for our environment. When harmful elements get into the air, they may cause health problems and can also d 2 the environment, buildings and soil. They make the ozone layer (臭氧层) much thinner and the climate more changeable. Our modern lifestyle has led to dirtier air over the years. Factories, all kinds of vehicles, the growing number of people are the things that are r 3 for air pollution today. But not all air pollution is caused by people. Smog, forest fires, dust storms and volcanic eruptions can also lead to the pollution of the atmosphere. Smog(雾霾) is a m 4 of smoke and fog. It occurs when gases from hurt fuel get together with fog on the ground. When heat and sunlight get together with these gases, they form dangerous particles (颗粒) in the air. Smog occurs in big cities with a lot of traffic, e 5 in the summer time. When it is very hot. Smog stays near the ground. It causes lung diseases and breathing problems and in smog areas, we can’t see well. Today, cities with a large p 6 have the biggest smog problems—Los Angeles, Mexico City or Cairo. The smog often stays over the cities for many days. Thousands of people die in London every year. A lot of measures have been taken to prevent smog so far. Drivers are not a 7 to drive on smog days in some cities. Factories use coal that doesn’t have much sulfur (硫磺) in it. So cars are much environmentally friendly today. Passage 3 Spiders weigh almost nothing. Yet they are stronger than steel. In fact, some spiders’ webs are among the world’s strongest materials, but they can be pulled longer than elastic (橡皮筋). They can also be any shape. Spider webs are amazing. A spider has hundreds of small openings in its body. Silk comes out of these openings as a liquid, and, as it r 1 the air, it becomes thread-like. These tiny threads (线) come together to form a single thread. The spider can make many different kinds of thread (线). The thread can be thick or thin, wet or dry, or sticky. Each kind has a different p 2 . Some webs create an egg box. Others provide hiding places. The most common, however, is to catch food. There are many ways the spider uses its web to catch food. For example, some spiders produce a single thread. An insect then sits on it without realizing what it is doing, and becomes s 3 . Slowly, the spider moves towards the insect. Suddenly, it covers its food in silk. Some spiders use a different kind of t 4 . They make webs that cheat insects. An insect sees the web and thinks it’s a flower. It then lands on the web. The spider can feel even the smallest m 5 of the web, and rushes at the insect before it can get away. Spider webs are so amazing that engineers have been studying them for years. They want to learn why they are so strong and elastic. However, for the moment, spiders are k 6 their secrets. Although they have made great progress in science and technology, humans still haven’t been able to c 7 natural webs. 组合套餐03 Passage 1 Fill in the blanks with proper words. (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给。) Stand up and Join in When most kids go to the beach, they’re too focused on playing with sand to notice litter. But for Cash Daniels, noticing a plastic straw (吸管) several years ago started a lifelong career in saving the planet. Cash has always loved n 1 . He grew up fishing along the Chattanooga River, after all! But once he learned that 80% of waste from land and rivers ends up in the ocean, he couldn’t sit back and do nothing. With the help of his family, Cash took the first step toward change—cleaning up the river. It q 2 went from a family act to a community effort with volunteers and neighbors. Now 14 years old, Cash has had a really p 3 influence on his hometown. B 4 hosting river cleanups, he has written a children’s book about river pollution. He has also raised enough money to put 17 recycling bins along the Tennessee River. In the process, he’s helped remove 14, 000 pounds of waste and r 5 1.5 tons of aluminum (铝), and that is just the beginning! “I started The Cleanup Kids with my friend Ella,” Cash said. “Our g 6 is to make a difference where we live. We want to teach kids how their actions are connected to the water and the ocean.” “I also want to help them feel connected to the ocean. Because if you are connected to the ocean—if you love it and love what lives in it—you’ll want to p 7 it,” Cash continued. “Every little action matters. One person can make a big change if he simply stands up and joins in.” Passage 2 在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给. Guide dogs are service animals which are carefully trained to lead their owners around, avoiding other people and objects, so their owners can travel s 1 and independently. In honour of the guide dogs, April 29th is named International Guide Dog Day. Without them, many disabled people could not do simple daily activities. Here are three stories of how guide dogs have i 2 people’s lives: Story 1 Creating hope Nathan was born with eye illness. At nineteen years old, he lost his sight c 3 . At that time, he felt hopeless. Then his family decided to get a guide dog, Hudson and that made a big difference in his life. Hudson helped Nathan cross the road, take a bus and even buy things at the supermarket. Now, even though Nathan can’t see, he becomes b 4 enough to do anything. Hudson is more than just a guide dog. He is Nathan’s best friend. Story 2 Going after a dream Sami is just like any sixteen-year-old girl, except that she is blind. However, that hasn’t stopped Sami from long distance running. Before going blind, she loved to run and she didn’t want to stop because of her disability. Thanks to her guide dog, Chloe, she is able to c 5 doing what she loves. Chloe runs with Sami for miles and trains with her every day. This makes Sami strong enough to do long distance running with her teammates. Story 3 B 6 friendship Maisy and Claire are both blind and they met when they got their guide dogs. Their dogs liked each other, so Maisy and Claire started talking. They began to spend time together because of their dogs, and they got along really well. They enjoyed being together, and their dogs did too. It was nice because they could understand each other since they both had the same e 7 of not being able to see. Passage 3 在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。 They are summer-time singers. They’re found everywhere except in the North and South Poles. And even though they’re common, they’re also quite fascinating. Who are they? Grasshoppers! A 1 Body Grasshoppers have an exoskeleton which means the skeleton is on the outside of their body. They have two sets of wings. The front pair is hard and strong, like a shell. The back pair is soft and flexible, which allows the grasshopper to change directions quickly and smoothly during f 2 . The grasshopper also has three pairs of very strong legs. They use these to walk and to jump 20 times their own body length. Imagine if you could do that! Have you ever tried to catch a grasshopper? You won’t even have a chance. It’s because they have five eyes in total, which help them see in almost every direction. This means they can r 3 miss noticing any danger coming. Music Makers If you hear a pleasant chirp (唧唧声) on a summer night, it could be a male grasshopper trying to attract a female one, or ask other males to stay away. It p 4 the sound by rubbing the back leg against its forewing, just like playing the violin. Next time you hear the chirping sound in summer, remember it’s a grasshopper’s l 5 song or a warning call. Friend or enemy? Some grasshoppers like the taste of wheat, corn and cotton—all things we use and farmers hate to l 6 . In fact, a large group of grasshoppers called locusts can quickly and easily eat up a farmer’s crops in just a few minutes. However, not all grasshoppers are monsters. A type of grasshoppers called Turnbull helps c 7 the growth of weeds (野草) by eating them. The Two-Striped grasshoppers eat plants that are harmful to cows. 11 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 热点13 首字母填空三大主题意境之人与自然 （阅读单选+完形填空+阅读简答题） 文章导读 主要内容 一、环保与资源： 1. 减少塑料污染（停用塑料袋、吸管、塑料瓶，避免塑料包装，回收利用）； 2. 节约用水（关水龙头、合理用水、雨水收集、水循环利用）； 3. 能源替代（化石燃料的缺点，氢气作为燃料的优势与现存问题）； 二、自然现象与灾害： 1. 地震（地震频发城市的风险，科学家对地震预测的研究与理论）； 2. 空气污染（成因、危害、雾霾的特点与应对措施）； 三、人与自然互动： 1. 动物保护（泰国无家可归大象的救助，学生参与照料）； 2. 生物特征（蚱蜢的身体结构、发声方式、对人类的影响）； 3. 人与自然和谐（Cash Daniels 的环保行动，清理河流、回收资源；导盲犬帮助残疾人，改善生活） 题型解题要领 1．语境贴合 + 主题锚定：先通读全文明确核心主题（如环保、成长、社交），优先联想主题相关高频词。比如环保类优先锁定 “reduce/recycle/protect”，个人成长类联想 “dream/stress/improve”，社会礼仪类对应 “greet/communicate/polite”，避免脱离主题瞎猜。 2．逻辑推导 + 连接词突破：重点关注转折（but/however）、因果（so/because）、并列（and/or）等连接词，根据逻辑关系推断词义。比如前句说 “化石燃料有污染”，后句用 “besides” 衔接，可推断是补充缺点；看到 “but” 则优先考虑反义词（如 “hard” 对应 “easy”）。 3．词性预判 + 语法校验：先根据空格前后成分判断词性（冠词后接名词、情态动词后接动词原形、系动词后接形容词），再结合首字母缩小范围。比如 “the + 首字母 p” 可能是名词 “purpose/progress”，“be + 首字母 s” 可能是形容词 “successful/safe”，同时校验单复数、时态（如动词过去式、名词复数）是否正确。 4．固定搭配 + 高频短语优先：积累三大主题核心固定搭配（如环保类 “take action/make progress”，成长类 “come true/deal with stress”，社会类 “pass down/have an effect on”），遇到首字母匹配的搭配直接优先代入，减少思考成本。 5．代入验证 + 语义通顺度检查：填完后通读全文，确保单词符合句意、语法无错误，且前后语义连贯。比如环保主题填 “avoid” 后，要确认搭配的宾语（如 “plastic packaging”）是否合理；成长主题填 “brave” 后，要检查是否符合 “克服困难” 的语境，避免孤立看单个空格。 组合套餐01 Passage 1 Fill in the blanks with proper words. (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，首字母已给出。) Every year thousands of young people leave school for a few weeks or months and enjoy an unusual type of educational program. What they learn during this time does not come from b 1 . They learn new skills by living in a different country and doing unusual jobs. There are several organizations that help students to find the e 2 they are looking for. One interesting possibility is helping elephants in Thailand. Most people think of elephants as animals in zoos or circuses. However, many elephants in Thailand are no longer kept in captivity. Now, hundreds of them are h 3 . These gentle animals are often found on the streets as they do not have o 4 to care for them. Although they may look well, they are often in poor health and don’t have enough to eat. One center in Thailand cares for these elephants. It provides a safe and natural living s 5 for them. When they are at the center, they stay in a building but are f 6 to walk around. Students come from all over the world to help here. The student helpers work with the elephant keepers. These keepers t 7 the students in caring for the elephants. In the morning, they go to the forest together and lead the elephants to the center. They clean them and give them food. In the afternoon, they take the animals back into the forest for the night. Helping at the center is interesting and the young people learn a lot. 【答案】1．books/ooks 2．experience/xperience 3．homeless/omeless 4．owners/wners 5．space/pace 6．free/ree 7．train/rain 【导语】本文主要介绍了一种非传统教育项目：学生通过参与泰国大象救助中心的志愿工作，在实践中学习技能，同时帮助无家可归的大象获得照料。 1．句意：他们在这段时间学到的东西并非来自书本。根据上文“Every year thousands of young people leave school for a few weeks or months and enjoy an unusual type of educational program.”和首字母“b”提示可知，学生离开了学校，所以现在学习的东西不是来自书本；考查book“书”，可数名词，这里应用其复数形式表泛指。故填books。 2．句意：有一些机构会帮助学生找到他们想要的这种经历。根据上文“Every year thousands of young people leave school for a few weeks or months and enjoy an unusual type of educational program. ”和“There are several organizations that help students to find the...”可知，项目是“参与实践工作”，对应“找到想要的经历”，结合首字母“e”提示，此处考查experience“经历”，指的是他们想要的这一类经历，是抽象的整体概念，应用单数。故填experience。 3．句意：如今，数以百计的大象无家可归。根据“These gentle animals are often found on the streets...”和可首字母“h”提示可知知，很多大象无家可归；考查homeless“无家可归的”，形容词，在句中作系动词“are”的表语。故填homeless。 4．句意：这些温顺的动物常出现在街上，因为没有主人照顾它们。根据上文“These gentle animals are often found on the streets”和首字母“o”提示可知，大象出现在街上，原因是没有主人照顾它们；考查owner“主人”，可数名词，每头大象对应的主人是不同的个体，因此这里应用其复数形式owners。故填owners。 5．句意：该中心为它们提供了一个安全且自然的生活空间。根据上文“One center in Thailand cares for these elephants. ”和首字母“s”提示可知，泰国的一个中心照顾着这些大象，为它们提供了一个生活空间；考查space“空间”，living space“生活空间”，名词短语；空格前有不定冠词“a”，这里应用名词单数形式。故填space。 6．句意：当它们待在中心时，虽然住在一栋建筑里，但可以自由走动。根据“When they are at the center, they stay in a building but...”和首字母“f”提示可知，空间是密闭的，但是大象可以自由走动，符合前后的转折关系；考查free“自由的”，形容词，在句中作系动词“are”的表语。故填free。 7．句意：这些饲养员会训练学生如何照料大象。根据“The student helpers work with the elephant keepers. These keepers...the students in caring for the elephants.”和首字母“t”提示可知，学生在帮助饲养员时，饲养需要训练他们照顾大象；考查train“训练”，动词；句子陈述现在的情况，时态为一般现在时，且主语为复数，谓语动词应用原形。故填train。 Passage 2 Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给)     We are now living in the modern society. Most of the energy we use for heating, lighting, transportation and manufacturing (制造业) comes from fossil (化石) fuels. These are carbon-based fuels from oil, coal and natural gas. When we burn these fuels, they release heat and o 1 the energy.     There are three main disadvantages to using these fuels. Firstly, they are causing climate problems because of the Greenhouse Effect. When we burn fossil fuels they produce carbon dioxide which causes global warming. Secondly, when we have used up all our coal, oil and natural gas, we will have n 2 left to burn. Thirdly, they are not very efficient. The internal combustion engine (内燃机) that we use in most cars, trucks and buses, for example, is only about 14% efficient.     Scientists are working on another fuel—hydrogen (氢气). There are a couple of a 3 to using hydrogen as a fuel. Firstly, because about 70% of the earth’s surface is water and water is made of hydrogen and oxygen. There is an almost unlimited supply of hydrogen. B 4 , burning hydrogen does not cause global warming. More importantly, it is much more efficient than carbon-based fuels.     Unfortunately, there are problems with hydrogen at the p 5 time: there is the problem of separating (分离) it from water cheaply, and there is the difficulty of storing it. It can be stored under pressure but high pressure tanks are far from safe. It can also be stored as a liquid but only at e 6 low temperatures. It s 7 likely, therefore, that there will have to be a completely new technology before hydrogen replaces fossil fuels. Solving these problems is an urgent (急迫的) matter. Although China, India and Australia have huge amounts of cheap coal, and there are still large oil and gas reserves (储藏量) elsewhere, the effects on the planet will be bad if they are used. 【答案】1．(o)ffer 2．(n)othing 3．(a)dvantages 4．(B)esides 5．(p)resent 6．(e)xtremely 7．(s)eems 【导语】本文主要介绍了使用化石燃料的缺点以及使用氢气作为燃料的优点，并介绍了其面临的问题。 1．句意：当我们燃烧这些燃料时，它们会释放热量并提供能量。根据“When we burn these fuels, they release heat and…the energy.”以及首字母可知此处是指燃料燃烧时，会释放热量并提供能量，offer“提供”，其形式应与release保持一致。故填(o)ffer。 2．句意：其次，当我们耗尽所有的煤炭、石油和天然气后，就再也没有可燃烧的资源了。根据“when we have used up all our coal, oil and natural gas”以及首字母可知，当我们耗尽了这些燃料，就没有可以燃烧的资源了，nothing“没有什么”。故填(n)othing。 3．句意：使用氢气作为燃料有几个优点。根据下文“Firstly, because about 70% of the earth’s surface is water and water is made of hydrogen and oxygen…”以及首字母可知，此处是在介绍使用氢气作为燃料的优点，advantage“优点”，且优点不止一个，应用名词复数。故填(a)dvantages。 4．句意：此外，燃烧氢气不会导致全球变暖。根据“There is an almost unlimited supply of hydrogen.”、“burning hydrogen does not cause global warming.”以及首字母可知前文讲了氢气作为燃料的第一个优点，这里要讲第二个优点，besides“此外”，用于引出另外的内容。故填(B)esides。 5．句意：不幸的是，目前氢气存在一些问题：一是如何低成本从水中分离出氢气，二是氢气的储存难度较大。根据“there is the problem of separating (分离) it from water cheaply, and there is the difficulty of storing it.”以及首字母可知此处是说氢气目前存在的一些问题，at the present time“目前，现在”。故填(p)resent。 6．句意：它也可以以液态形式储存，但只能在极低的温度下实现。根据“It can also be stored as a liquid but only at…low temperatures.”以及首字母可知此处是指极低温度的情况下，extremely“极度地”，此处为副词修饰形容词low。故填(e)xtremely。 7．句意：因此，似乎在氢能取代化石燃料之前，必须出现一种全新的技术。根据“It…likely, therefore, that there will have to be a completely new technology before hydrogen replaces fossil fuels.”以及首字母可知此处是指似乎在氢能取代化石燃料之前，必须出现一种全新的技术，seem“似乎”，主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填(s)eems。 Passage 3 Never before have so many people been packed into cities—places such as Los Angeles, Istanbul, Tokyo and Lima—that are regularly affected by earthquakes. Located near the edge of Earth’s huge, shifting plates (板块), these cities face the r 1 of serious damage and economic disaster from large quakes, as well as tsunamis, fires and other kinds of disasters that earthquakes often bring about. We u 2 earthquakes better than we did a century ago. Scientists are working hard to be able to predict them, but is this possible? Today, some of the s 3 questions about earthquakes remain difficult to answer; Why do they start? What makes them stop? Perhaps the most important question scientists need to answer, though, is this: Are there clear patterns in earthquakes, or are they basically random and impossible to predict? In Japan, government scientists say they have an answer to the question. “We hold the belief that we can predict the l 4 of Japan’s next great earthquake: the region of Tokai southwest of Tokyo.” Here, two plate boundaries have c 5 huge earthquakes every 100 to 150 years, but there hasn’t been a major quake here since 1854. The theory is that stress is building up in this zone, which could lead to a very huge quake. U 6 , this is more a forecast than a prediction. It’s one thing to say that an earthquake is likely to happen in a high-risk area, and it’s another to predict exactly where and when the quake will occur. The desire for a precise prediction of time and place has led to another theory: the idea of “preslip”. Naoyuki Kato, another earthquake scientist, says his laboratory experiments show that b 7 a fault (断层) in the Earth’s crust (地壳) finally breaks and leads to an earthquake, it slips just a little. If we can detect these early slips taking place deep in the Earth’s crust, we may be able to predict the next big quake. 【答案】1．risk/isk 2．understand/nderstand 3．scientific/cientific 4．location/ocation 5．caused/aused 6．Unfortunately/nfortunately 7．before/efore 【导语】本文介绍了地震频发城市所面临的风险，以及科学家们为预测地震所做的研究和相关理论。 1．句意：这些城市位于地球巨大的移动板块边缘附近，面临着大地震带来的严重破坏和经济灾难风险，以及地震常引发的海啸、火灾及其他各类灾害。根据“serious damage and economic disaster”和首字母r可推出是面临风险，risk“风险”，此处用单数形式 (the+名词单数表泛指一类事物)。故填risk。 2．句意：如今我们对地震的了解比一个世纪前更为深入。根据“Scientists are working hard to be able to predict them”和首字母u可推出是了解地震，understand“了解；理解”，结合语境可知用一般现在时，主语We后接动词原形。故填understand。 3．句意：时至今日，关于地震的一些科学问题仍难以解答：地震为何发生？又为何停止？根据“questions about earthquakes”和首字母s可推出是科学问题，scientific“科学的”，形容词修饰名词questions。故填scientific。 4．句意：我们相信我们可以预测日本下一次大地震的位置：东京西南的东海地区。根据“the region of Tokai southwest of Tokyo”和首字母l可推出是预测地点，location“地点；位置”，此处用单数形式特指下一次大地震的发生地。故填location。 5．句意：在这里，两个板块边界每100至150年就会引发一次大地震，但自1854年以来，该地区再未发生过重大地震。根据“huge earthquakes”和首字母c可推出是引发地震，cause“引发；导致”，结合have可知用现在完成时，填过去分词caused。故填caused。 6．句意：遗憾的是，这更多是一种趋势预测而非精准预报。根据“this is more a forecast than a prediction”和首字母U可推出是遗憾的情况，Unfortunately“遗憾的是”，副词修饰整个句子。故填Unfortunately。 7．句意：另一位地震科学家加藤直之表示，他的实验室实验表明，在地壳断层最终破裂并引发地震之前，会先发生轻微的滑动。根据“it slips just a little”和“finally breaks”及首字母b可推出是在破裂之前，before“在……之前”，引导时间状语从句。故填before。 组合套餐02 Passage 1 Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给) Five tips for less plastic The world has a plastic problem and it is increasing. Scientists are working to find a long-term solution by making plastic more biodegradable (可生物降解的). But in the meantime, here are five things you can do to r 1 plastic waste now. 1. Stop using plastic bags. Instead, take your own reusable shopping bag to the store. People use a trillion plastic bags worldwide every year. About 10 percent are used in the United States alone. That’s almost one bag per American per day, but the a 2 Dane (丹麦人) uses four single-use bags per year. In 1993, Denmark was the first country to place a tax on plastic bags. Today, other countries (such as Chile, Kenya and New Zealand) make customers pay for plastic bags, or have banned (禁止) them c 3 .                 2. Skip the straw. Today, around 8.3 billion plastic straws pollute the world’s beaches. So when you order a drink, say “no” to the plastic straw, or bring your own reusable one. In 2018, Seattle became the first major U.S. city to ban plastic straws and many other cities are set to follow its e 4 . 3. Don’t use plastic bottles. Buy a reusable bottle and fill it with any t 5 of drink you like. Some cities have already banned bottled water. However, people still buy nearly a million plastic bottles every minute in the world. 4. A 6 plastic packaging. Buy bar soap instead of liquid soap in plastic containers. Don’t buy fruit or vegetables in plastic packaging. In the U.K, leaders are calling for supermarkets to have plastic-free areas. They also want to tax plastic take-out containers. 5. Recycle. We can’t recycle all plastic items, but it is p 7 to recycle most bottles and milk or juice cartons. Today, Norway recycles 97 percent of its plastic bottles. How? Machines at most supermarkets take the bottles and give a refund of up to 2.5 kroner (32 cents) per bottle. 【答案】1．(r)educe 2．(a)verage 3．(c)ompletely 4．(e)xample 5．(t)ype 6．(A)void 7．(p)ossible 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要提供了五种减少塑料废弃物的实用方法，包括停用塑料袋、吸管、塑料瓶，避免塑料包装以及加强回收利用。 1．句意：但与此同时，现在你可以做五件事来减少塑料垃圾。根据“here are five things you can do to…plastic waste now.”，结合首字母提示可知，此处应填入reduce，动词原形，与空格前“to”构成不定式，作目的状语，意为“减少”，表达现在你可以做五件事来减少塑料垃圾。故填(r)educe。 2．句意：这几乎是每个美国人每天一个袋子，但是丹麦人平均每年使用四个一次性袋子。根据“the…Dane (丹麦人) uses four single-use bags per year.”，结合首字母提示可知，此处应填入average，形容词，作定语，修饰名词Dane，意为“平均的”，表达丹麦人平均每年使用四个一次性袋子。故填(a)verage。 3．句意：今天，其他国家(如智利、肯尼亚和新西兰)让顾客为塑料袋付费，或者完全禁止使用它们。根据“other countries (such as Chile, Kenya and New Zealand) make customers pay for plastic bags, or have banned (禁止) them….”，结合首字母提示可知，此处应填入completely，副词，修饰动词banned，意为“完全地”，指的是完全禁止使用塑料袋。故填(c)ompletely。 4．句意：204年，西雅图成为美国第一个禁止塑料吸管的主要城市，许多其他城市也将效仿。根据“many other cities are set to follow its…”，结合首字母提示可知，此处应填入example，可数名词单数，作宾语，意为“例子，范例”，指的是许多其他城市也将效仿。故填(e)xample。 5．句意：买一个可重复使用的瓶子，装上你喜欢的任何类型的饮料。根据“Buy a reusable bottle and fill it with any…of drink you like.”结合首字母提示，可知是买一个可重复使用的瓶子，里面可以装上你喜欢的任何类型的饮料，any type of drink“任何类型的饮料”，故填(t)ype。 6．句意：避免塑料包装。根据后文“Buy bar soap instead of liquid soap in plastic containers. Don’t buy fruit or vegetables in plastic packaging.”，结合首字母提示可知，此处应填入avoid，动词原形，位于句首，引导祈使句，首字母要大写，意为“避免”，表达避免塑料包装。故填(A)void。 7．句意：我们不能回收所有的塑料物品，但可以回收大多数瓶子和牛奶或果汁盒。分析句子“it is…to recycle most bottles and milk or juice cartons.”可知，该句结构为：it is+adj.+to do sth“做某事是……的”，结合首字母提示可知，此处应填入possible，形容词，作表语，意为“可能的”，表达可以回收大多数瓶子和牛奶或果汁盒。故填(p)ossible。 Passage 2 Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words  (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给) Air pollution, as we know it today, started with the Industrial Revolution in Europe in the 19th century. In the last few decades, it has b 1 a serious problem for our environment. When harmful elements get into the air, they may cause health problems and can also d 2 the environment, buildings and soil. They make the ozone layer (臭氧层) much thinner and the climate more changeable. Our modern lifestyle has led to dirtier air over the years. Factories, all kinds of vehicles, the growing number of people are the things that are r 3 for air pollution today. But not all air pollution is caused by people. Smog, forest fires, dust storms and volcanic eruptions can also lead to the pollution of the atmosphere. Smog(雾霾) is a m 4 of smoke and fog. It occurs when gases from hurt fuel get together with fog on the ground. When heat and sunlight get together with these gases, they form dangerous particles (颗粒) in the air. Smog occurs in big cities with a lot of traffic, e 5 in the summer time. When it is very hot. Smog stays near the ground. It causes lung diseases and breathing problems and in smog areas, we can’t see well. Today, cities with a large p 6 have the biggest smog problems—Los Angeles, Mexico City or Cairo. The smog often stays over the cities for many days. Thousands of people die in London every year. A lot of measures have been taken to prevent smog so far. Drivers are not a 7 to drive on smog days in some cities. Factories use coal that doesn’t have much sulfur (硫磺) in it. So cars are much environmentally friendly today. 【答案】1．(b)ecome 2．(d)amage 3．(r)esponsible 4．(m)ixture 5．(e)specially 6．(p)opulation 7．(a)llowed 【导语】本文主要介绍了空气污染的成因、危害及人们的应对措施。 1．句意：在过去的几十年里，它已经成为我们环境的一个严重问题。根据“In the last few decades, it has b…a serious problem for our environment.”可知，空气污染已经成为我们环境的一个严重问题，become“成为”符合题意。根据“has”可知，此处用现在完成时has done。故填(b)ecome。 2．句意：当有害元素进入空气时，它们可能会引起健康问题，也可能破坏环境、建筑物和土壤。根据“When harmful elements get into the air, they may cause health problems…”可知，此处在介绍其危害，damage“损害，伤害”符合题意。情态动词can后接动词原形。故填(d)amage。 3．句意：工厂、各种车辆、不断增长的人口都是造成今天空气污染的原因。根据“Factories, all kinds of vehicles, the growing number of people are the things that are r…for air pollution today.”可知，工厂、各种车辆、不断增长的人口都是造成今天空气污染的原因。be responsible for“是造成……原因”。故填(r)esponsible。 4．句意：雾霾是烟和雾的混合物。根据“Smog(雾霾) is a m…of smoke and fog.”可知，雾霾是烟和雾的混合物。mixture“混合物”符合题意。故填(m)ixture。 5．句意：雾霾发生在交通繁忙的大城市，尤其是在夏天。根据“Smog occurs in big cities with a lot of traffic, e…in the summer time.”可知，此处介绍了雾霾发生的场景，此处表示“尤其是在夏天”，用especially。故填(e)specially。 6．句意：如今，洛杉矶、墨西哥城或开罗等人口众多的城市面临着最严重的雾霾问题。根据“Today, cities with a large p…”可知，此处指“人口众多的城市”，population“人口”符合题意。故填(p)opulation。 7．句意：在一些城市，司机不允许在雾霾天开车。根据“Drivers are not a…to drive on smog days”可知，司机不允许在雾霾天开车。be not allowed to do sth.“不允许做某事”。故填(a)llowed。 Passage 3 Spiders weigh almost nothing. Yet they are stronger than steel. In fact, some spiders’ webs are among the world’s strongest materials, but they can be pulled longer than elastic (橡皮筋). They can also be any shape. Spider webs are amazing. A spider has hundreds of small openings in its body. Silk comes out of these openings as a liquid, and, as it r 1 the air, it becomes thread-like. These tiny threads (线) come together to form a single thread. The spider can make many different kinds of thread (线). The thread can be thick or thin, wet or dry, or sticky. Each kind has a different p 2 . Some webs create an egg box. Others provide hiding places. The most common, however, is to catch food. There are many ways the spider uses its web to catch food. For example, some spiders produce a single thread. An insect then sits on it without realizing what it is doing, and becomes s 3 . Slowly, the spider moves towards the insect. Suddenly, it covers its food in silk. Some spiders use a different kind of t 4 . They make webs that cheat insects. An insect sees the web and thinks it’s a flower. It then lands on the web. The spider can feel even the smallest m 5 of the web, and rushes at the insect before it can get away. Spider webs are so amazing that engineers have been studying them for years. They want to learn why they are so strong and elastic. However, for the moment, spiders are k 6 their secrets. Although they have made great progress in science and technology, humans still haven’t been able to c 7 natural webs. 【答案】1．(r)eaches 2．(p)urpose 3．(s)tuck 4．(t)rick 5．(m)ovement 6．(k)eeping 7．(c)opy 【导语】本文主要介绍蜘蛛网的神奇之处。它既可以很坚固又可以拉得比橡皮筋更长。蜘蛛用它的网来捕捉食物的方式有很多，也有很多伎俩来迷惑昆虫。人类研究蜘蛛网很多年，但还是不能复制自然的蜘蛛网。 1．句意：丝以液体的形式从这些开口中出来，当它接触空气时，就变成了线状。根据“it becomes thread-like”可知此处指接触空气，reach接触，到达，符合语境及首字母提示；描述的是一般事实，所以用一般现在时，主语“it”是第三人称单数，所以reach用第三人称单数形式reaches，故填(r)eaches。 2．句意：每一种都用不同的目的。根据“Some webs create an egg box. Others provide hiding places. The most common, however, is to catch food.”可知每一种丝线都有不同的目的，根据“a”可知此处填写单数名词，purpose目的，名词，符合语境及首字母提示，故填(p)urpose。 3．句意：然后一只昆虫坐在上面，没有意识到它在做什么，就被粘住了。根据“There are many ways the spider uses its web to catch food. For example, some spiders produce a single thread.”可知此处指蜘蛛利用丝捕捉昆虫，所以此处指昆虫被粘住，stuck粘住的，无法移动的，符合语境及首字母提示，故填(s)tuck。 4．句意：一些蜘蛛使用一种不同的诡计，它们制造欺骗昆虫的网。根据“They make webs that cheat insects”可知此处指蜘蛛使用一种不同的诡计，trick把戏，诡计，符合语境及首字母提示，故填(t)rick。 5．句意：蜘蛛甚至能感觉到网的最微小的移动，并在昆虫逃跑前向其冲去。根据“rushes at the insect before it can get away”可知此处指蜘蛛能感觉到最微小的移动，movement移动，符合语境及首字母提示，故填(m)ovement。 6．句意：然而，目前，蜘蛛一直在保守着它们的秘密。根据“humans still haven’t been able to… natural webs”可知，此处指蜘蛛一直在保守着它们的秘密。keep保持，此处指现在进行时，所以使用keep的现在分词形式keeping，故填(k)eeping。 7．句意：尽管人类在科学技术上取得了巨大的进步，但他们仍然无法复制自然的网。根据“Although they have made great progress in science and technology”可知此处指人类仍然无法复制自然的网；根据“haven’t been able to”可知此处填写动词原形，copy复制，符合语境及首字母提示，故填(c)opy。 组合套餐03 Passage 1 Fill in the blanks with proper words. (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给。) Stand up and Join in When most kids go to the beach, they’re too focused on playing with sand to notice litter. But for Cash Daniels, noticing a plastic straw (吸管) several years ago started a lifelong career in saving the planet. Cash has always loved n 1 . He grew up fishing along the Chattanooga River, after all! But once he learned that 80% of waste from land and rivers ends up in the ocean, he couldn’t sit back and do nothing. With the help of his family, Cash took the first step toward change—cleaning up the river. It q 2 went from a family act to a community effort with volunteers and neighbors. Now 14 years old, Cash has had a really p 3 influence on his hometown. B 4 hosting river cleanups, he has written a children’s book about river pollution. He has also raised enough money to put 17 recycling bins along the Tennessee River. In the process, he’s helped remove 14, 000 pounds of waste and r 5 1.5 tons of aluminum (铝), and that is just the beginning! “I started The Cleanup Kids with my friend Ella,” Cash said. “Our g 6 is to make a difference where we live. We want to teach kids how their actions are connected to the water and the ocean.” “I also want to help them feel connected to the ocean. Because if you are connected to the ocean—if you love it and love what lives in it—you’ll want to p 7 it,” Cash continued. “Every little action matters. One person can make a big change if he simply stands up and joins in.” 【答案】1．(n)ature 2．(q)iuckly 3．(p)owerful 4．(B)esides 5．(r)ecycle 6．(g)oal 7．(p)rotect 【导语】本文主要讲述了14岁的Cash Daniels热爱大自然，在知晓河流垃圾最终流向海洋的情况后，在家人帮助下从清理河流起步，进而通过多种方式对家乡的环境保护产生积极且有力影响的故事。 1．句意：Cash一直热爱大自然。根据下文“He grew up fishing along the Chattanooga River.”和首字母“n”提示可知，他从小就在查塔努加河边钓鱼，据此可以推断，Cash一直喜欢大自然；考查nature“自然界，大自然”，不可数名词。故填(n)ature。 2．句意：很快，这个活动就从家庭行动变成了社区努力，有志愿者和邻居们的参与。根据“from a family act to a community effort”和首字母“q”提示可知，此处是指这个活动从家庭行为转变为社区行动的速度是比较快的；考查quickly“迅速地”，副词，在句中修饰动词“went”，作状语。故填(q)uickly。 3．句意：现在14岁的Cash对他的家乡产生了真正强大的影响。根据下文语境和首字母“p”提示可知，Cash组织了河流清理活动、写了关于河流污染的儿童读物、筹集资金放置回收箱，并帮助清除了大量垃圾和回收了铝，这些行动从多个维度改变了家乡的环境状况以及人们对环保的认知，强调了他所带来影响的程度之深、范围之广以及作用之强大；考查powerful“强大的，有影响力的”，形容词，在句中作定语，修饰“influence”。故填(p)owerful。 4．句意：除了组织河流清理活动外，他还写了一本关于河流污染的儿童读物。根据下文“he has written a children’s book about river pollution”和首字母“B”提示可知，他写了一本关于河流污染的儿童读物，由此可推知除了主持河流清理活动外，他还写了一本关于河流污染的儿童读物；考查besides“除了……之外 (还有)”，介词，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填(B)esides。 5．句意：在这个过程中，他帮助清除了14,000磅的垃圾，并回收了1.5吨的铝，而这仅仅是个开始！根据空后“1.5 tons of aluminum”和首字母“r”提示可知，此处是指将废弃的铝制品进行回收再利用；考查recycle“回收利用”，动词；再根据并列连词“and”可知，这里应用动词原形“recycle”与“remove”形成并列关系。故填(r)ecycle。 6．句意：我们的目标是在我们居住的地方带来改变。根据下文“We want to teach kids how their actions are connected to the water and the ocean.”和首字母“g”提示可知，我们想教孩子们他们的行为是如何与水和大海相连的；据此可推断，他们的目标是让他们居住的地方有所不同；考查goal“目标”，可数名词；再根据空后“is”可知，这里应用其单数形式。故填(g)oal。 7．句意：“因为如果你与大海相连——如果你爱它，爱它里面的一切——你就会想要保护它，” Cash继续说道。根据上文“if you love it and love what lives in it”和首字母“p”提示可知，爱大海，爱它里面的一切，那么与之对应的就是想要保护它；考查protect“保护”，动词；空前有动词不定式的符号to，这里应用动词原形。故填(p)rotect。 Passage 2 在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给. Guide dogs are service animals which are carefully trained to lead their owners around, avoiding other people and objects, so their owners can travel s 1 and independently. In honour of the guide dogs, April 29th is named International Guide Dog Day. Without them, many disabled people could not do simple daily activities. Here are three stories of how guide dogs have i 2 people’s lives: Story 1 Creating hope Nathan was born with eye illness. At nineteen years old, he lost his sight c 3 . At that time, he felt hopeless. Then his family decided to get a guide dog, Hudson and that made a big difference in his life. Hudson helped Nathan cross the road, take a bus and even buy things at the supermarket. Now, even though Nathan can’t see, he becomes b 4 enough to do anything. Hudson is more than just a guide dog. He is Nathan’s best friend. Story 2 Going after a dream Sami is just like any sixteen-year-old girl, except that she is blind. However, that hasn’t stopped Sami from long distance running. Before going blind, she loved to run and she didn’t want to stop because of her disability. Thanks to her guide dog, Chloe, she is able to c 5 doing what she loves. Chloe runs with Sami for miles and trains with her every day. This makes Sami strong enough to do long distance running with her teammates. Story 3 B 6 friendship Maisy and Claire are both blind and they met when they got their guide dogs. Their dogs liked each other, so Maisy and Claire started talking. They began to spend time together because of their dogs, and they got along really well. They enjoyed being together, and their dogs did too. It was nice because they could understand each other since they both had the same e 7 of not being able to see. 【答案】1．(s)afely 2．(i)mproved 3．(c)ompletely 4．(b)rave 5．(c)ontinue 6．(B)uilding 7．(e)xperience 【导语】本文主要介绍了导盲犬如何改善人们生活的三个故事。 1．句意：这样主人就可以安全独立地旅行。根据“and independently”可知导盲犬可以帮助主人安全独立地旅行，修饰动词用副词safely“安全地”。故填(s)afely。 2．句意：以下是导盲犬如何改善人们生活的三个故事。根据“how guide dogs have...people’s lives”可知导盲犬可以改善人们的生活，improve“改善”，此处用过去分词和have构成现在完成时。故填(i)mproved。 3．句意：十九岁时，他完全失明了。根据“lost his sight...”可知是完全失明，修饰动词用副词completely“完全地”。故填(c)ompletely。 4．句意：现在，即使Nathan看不见，他也变得足够勇敢，可以做任何事情。根据“enough to do anything”可知虽然他看不见，但是他已经足够勇敢做任何事情，brave“勇敢的”。故填(b)rave。 5．句意：多亏了她的导盲犬Chloe，她能够继续做她喜欢的事情。根据“doing what she loves”可知是继续做喜欢做的事情，continue“继续”，be able to do sth.“能够做某事”。故填(c)ontinue。 6．句意：建立友谊。根据“friendship”以及下文内容可知导盲犬可以帮助主人建立友谊，build“建立”，此处用动名词。故填(B)uilding。 7．句意：这很好，因为他们可以相互理解，因为他们都有同样的看不见的经历。根据“of not being able to see”可知他们有相同的经历，experience“经历”。故填(e)xperience。 Passage 3 在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。 They are summer-time singers. They’re found everywhere except in the North and South Poles. And even though they’re common, they’re also quite fascinating. Who are they? Grasshoppers! A 1 Body Grasshoppers have an exoskeleton which means the skeleton is on the outside of their body. They have two sets of wings. The front pair is hard and strong, like a shell. The back pair is soft and flexible, which allows the grasshopper to change directions quickly and smoothly during f 2 . The grasshopper also has three pairs of very strong legs. They use these to walk and to jump 20 times their own body length. Imagine if you could do that! Have you ever tried to catch a grasshopper? You won’t even have a chance. It’s because they have five eyes in total, which help them see in almost every direction. This means they can r 3 miss noticing any danger coming. Music Makers If you hear a pleasant chirp (唧唧声) on a summer night, it could be a male grasshopper trying to attract a female one, or ask other males to stay away. It p 4 the sound by rubbing the back leg against its forewing, just like playing the violin. Next time you hear the chirping sound in summer, remember it’s a grasshopper’s l 5 song or a warning call. Friend or enemy? Some grasshoppers like the taste of wheat, corn and cotton—all things we use and farmers hate to l 6 . In fact, a large group of grasshoppers called locusts can quickly and easily eat up a farmer’s crops in just a few minutes. However, not all grasshoppers are monsters. A type of grasshoppers called Turnbull helps c 7 the growth of weeds (野草) by eating them. The Two-Striped grasshoppers eat plants that are harmful to cows. 【答案】1．(A)bout 2．(f)light 3．(r)arely 4．(p)roduces 5．(l)ove 6．(l)ose 7．(c)ontrol 【导语】本文主要介绍了蚱蜢的特征、行为及其对人类的影响。 1．句意：关于身体。根据“Grasshoppers have an exoskeleton which means the skeleton is on the outside of their body...to jump 20 times their own body length.”可知，此段介绍关于蚱蜢的身体结构。结合首字母提示可知，about“关于”符合句意，标题句首字母大写。故填(A)bout。 2．句意：背对柔软灵活，使蚱蜢在飞行过程中能够快速平稳地改变方向。根据“The back pair is soft and flexible, which allows the grasshopper to change directions quickly and smoothly during...”可知，此处介绍背对在蚱蜢飞行中能够快速平稳地改变方向。空前during是介词，空处填名词或动名词，结合首字母提示，flight“飞行”，名词，符合句意。故填(f)light。 3．句意：这意味着他们很少会忽视任何即将到来的危险。根据“It’s because they have five eyes in total, which help them see in almost every direction.”可知，蚱蜢有五个眼睛，因此几乎可以规避来自任不同方向的危险。结合首字母提示可知，rarely“很少”，作副词，修饰动词miss。故填(r)arely。 4．句意：它通过用后腿摩擦前翅来产生声音，就像拉小提琴一样。根据“the sound by rubbing the back leg against its forewing,”可知，此处介绍蚱蜢如何发出声音。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少动词作谓语；结合首字母提示，produce“产生”符合句意，结合上下文可知，时态是一般现在时，主语it是单数第三人称，谓语动词用单三形式。故填(p)roduces。 5．句意：下次你在夏天听到唧唧声时，记住这是蚱蜢的情歌或警告。根据本段第一句“If you hear a pleasant chirp (唧唧声) on a summer night, it could be a male grasshopper trying to attract a female one, or ask other males to stay away.”可知，蚱蜢发出的唧唧声，是雄性蚱蜢的情歌或者对其他蚱蜢发出的警告。结合首字母提示可知，love“爱”，抽象名词，符合句意。故填(l)ove。 6．句意：有些蚱蜢喜欢小麦、玉米和棉花的味道——这些都是我们使用的东西，农民都不想失去。根据“Some grasshoppers like the taste of wheat, corn and cotton—all things we use and farmers hate to”可知，此处指农民们不想失去蚱蜢喜欢的那些农作物——小麦、玉米和棉花。结合首字母提示可知，lose“失去”符合句意，空前是不定式符号to，可知空处填动词原形。故填(l)ose。 7．句意：一种名为特恩布尔的蚱蜢通过吃杂草来帮助控制杂草的生长。根据“A type of grasshoppers called Turnbull helps...the growth of weeds (野草) by eating them.”可知，这种蚱蜢吃杂草可以控制杂草的生长。结合首字母提示，control“控制”符合句意，根据“help do sth”可知，空处填动词原形。故填(c)ontrol。 11 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $