2026年中考英语一轮复习讲义 代词讲解&专项练习

该初中英语讲义聚焦中考代词核心考点，系统梳理人称、物主、反身、指示、不定、疑问代词六大类，明确主格宾格、双重所有格、复合不定代词等必考点及内在联系。通过“考点标注-易错辨析-分层训练”教学流程，结合真题题型讲解方法，助力学生突破主谓一致、语境指代等难点。 亮点在于“考点分层+语境应用”策略，如通过“it指代同一事物、one指代同类事物、that指代同类不可数名词”对比解析，培养学生思维品质。设单选、完形、句型转换分层练习，附答案解析，适配不同学生需求，提升语言能力。教师可依此把控复习节奏，学生高效掌握应考技巧。

初中英语代词精讲&专项练习 一、代词的分类及核心考点 (一)人称代词( 中考必考点) 考点标注:人称代词的格(主格 / 宾格)、主谓一致、语境指代 1.分类及用法 主格(I, you, he, she, it, we, they):作主语,位于动词前。 例句:She is a middle school student.(她是一名中学生。) 宾格(me, you, him, her, it, us, them):作宾语,位于动词或介词后。 例句:My mother often takes me to the park on weekends.(妈妈周末常带我去公园。) 例句:Give this book to him.(把这本书给他。) 2.中考易错点 主格与宾格混用:尤其在比较状语从句中,如 “He is taller than I (am).”(不能用 me)。 主谓一致:it 指代单数名词或不可数名词,谓语用单数;they 指代复数名词,谓语用复数。 (二)物主代词( 中考必考点) 考点标注:形容词性物主代词 vs 名词性物主代词、双重所有格 1. 分类及用法对比 类型 作用 例句 形容词性(my, your 等) 修饰名词,作定语 This is my pencil.(这是我的铅笔。) 名词性(mine, yours 等) 相当于 “形容词性物主代词 + 名词”,可作主语、宾语、表语 This pencil is mine.(这支铅笔是我的。) 1.双重所有格:of + 名词性物主代词,表部分所属。 例句:A friend of mine will come to visit me.(我的一个朋友要来看我。) (三)反身代词( 中考常考点) 考点标注:固定搭配、语境指代 1.常见形式:myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 2.核心用法 作宾语,指代主语本身:He taught himself English.(他自学英语。) 固定搭配:enjoy oneself(玩得开心)、help oneself to(随便吃 / 用)、by oneself(独自)。 (四)指示代词( 中考高频考点) 考点标注:this/that/these/those 的指代区别、电话用语 1.指代距离对比 this/these:指代近处的人或物,this 接单数,these 接复数。 that/those:指代远处的人或物,that 接单数,those 接复数,可指代前文提到的同类事物。 例句:The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou.(北京的天气比广州的冷。) 2.特殊用法:电话用语中,用 this 指代自己,that 指代对方。 例句:Hello! This is Mary speaking. Who's that?(你好!我是玛丽。请问你是谁?) (五)不定代词( 中考重难点) 考点标注:some/any、few/little、each/every、复合不定代词的用法区别 1.some vs any some:用于肯定句,或表示请求、建议的疑问句中(希望得到肯定回答)。 例句:Would you like some tea?(你想喝点茶吗?) any:用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。 例句:I don't have any homework today.(我今天没有作业。) 2.few/a few vs little/a little few/a few:修饰可数名词复数;few 表 “几乎没有”(否定),a few 表 “一些”(肯定)。 little/a little:修饰不可数名词;little 表 “几乎没有”(否定),a little 表 “一点”(肯定)。 3.复合不定代词:something, anything, nothing, somebody, anybody 等。 定语后置:形容词修饰复合不定代词时,需放在其后。 例句:There is something interesting in the book.(这本书里有一些有趣的内容。) 主谓一致:复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。 (六)疑问代词( 中考常考点) 考点标注:who/whom/whose/which/what 的用法区别、宾语从句中语序 1.用法区别 who:作主语,询问人;whom:作宾语,询问人(口语中常用 who 代替)。 whose:询问所属关系,后可接名词或单独使用。 which:在特定范围内选择;what:无范围限制,询问事物。 2.宾语从句用法:疑问代词引导宾语从句时,从句用陈述句语序。 例句:Do you know who will come to our class?(你知道谁要来我们班吗?) 二、中考高频易错点辨析 1.it vs one vs that it:指代前文提到的同一个事物。 例句:I have a pen. It is black.(我有一支笔,它是黑色的。) one:指代前文提到的同类事物中的一个(可数名词单数)。 例句:I don't like this pen. Can you give me another one?(我不喜欢这支笔,能给我另一支吗?) that:指代前文提到的同类事物,可指代不可数名词或可数名词单数。 例句:The population of China is larger than that of Japan.(中国的人口比日本的多。) 2.either vs neither vs both either:两者中的任意一个,接单数谓语。 neither:两者都不,接单数谓语,表否定。 both:两者都,接复数谓语,常与 and 连用。 初中英语代词专项练习题 说明:本练习题按代词核心考点分层设计,涵盖单选、完形填空、句型转换三种中考高频题型,题后附答案及解析,助力精准突破考点。 第一部分:人称代词考点专项( 中考必考点) 核心考查:主格与宾格的用法区别、主谓一致、语境指代 一、单项选择 1.—Who is singing in the next room? —_ is my sister. A. She B. Her C. Hers D. Herself 2.My parents often tell _ about their work, and I tell _ about my school life too. A. I; them B. me; they C. me; them D. I; they 3.Tom is taller than _, but I am stronger than _. A. I; he B. me; him C. I; him D. me; he 二、句型转换(按要求改写句子) 1. She will teach the children English.(改为同义句,用宾格形式) She will teach _ English. 2.My brother and I often help my parents with housework.(对划线部分提问) _ often helps your parents with housework? 第二部分:物主代词考点专项( 中考必考点) 核心考查:形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的区别、双重所有格 一、单项选择 1.—Is this pencil _? —No, it's not mine. It's _. A. your; her B. yours; her C. yours; hers D. your; hers 2.This is _ book. _ is on the desk. A. my; Your B. mine; Yours C. my; Yours D. mine; Your 3.A friend of _ will come to visit us this weekend. A. my B. mine C. me D. I 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 Lucy and Lily are twins. 1._ (they) room is very tidy. There are two beds in2. _ (it). 3._ (Lucy) bed is near the window, and 4._ (Lily) is near the door. I often go to 5._ (their) home to play, and they often use 6._ (my) toys too. 第三部分:反身代词考点专项( 中考常考点) 核心考查:固定搭配、语境指代 一、单项选择 1.The little boy can dress _ now. A. himself B. him C. his D. he 2.We enjoyed _ at the party last night. A. ourselves B. our C. us D. ours 3.Help _ to some fruit, children. A. yourself B. yourselves C. you D. your 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.He learned to swim by h_ when he was six years old. 2.Don't worry about her. She can look after h_ well. 第四部分:指示代词考点专项( 中考高频考点) 核心考查:this/that/these/those的指代区别、that指代前文同类事物 一、单项选择 1.—Hello! _ is Mary speaking. Who's _? —This is Tom. (2024 某地中考) A. This; that B. That; this C. This; this D. That; that 2.The weather in Harbin is colder than _ in Guangzhou in winter. A. this B. that C. it D. one 3._ books on the desk are mine. _ ones on the shelf are my sister's. A. This; That B. These; Those C. This; Those D. These; That 第五部分:不定代词考点专项( 中考重难点) 核心考查:some/any、few/a few/little/a little、复合不定代词、either/neither/both的用法区别 一、单项选择 1.—Would you like _ tea? —Yes, please. A. some B. any C. a few D. little 2.There is _ milk in the fridge. Let's go to buy some. A. a little B. little C. a few D. few 3.There is _ interesting in the newspaper today. Let's read it together. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 4.—Which of the two pens do you like? —_. I think they are both ugly. A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. All 二、根据句意用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1.There is _ (something) wrong with my phone. It works well. 2._ (each) student in our class has a dictionary. 3.There are _ (few) apples in the basket. We can eat them all. 第六部分:疑问代词考点专项( 中考常考点) 核心考查:who/whom/whose/which/what的用法区别、宾语从句语序 一、单项选择 1.—_ bag is this? —It's Lily's. A. Who B. Whom C. Whose D. Which 2.Do you know _ will come to the meeting tomorrow? A. who B. whom C. whose D. what 3.—_ do you prefer, coffee or tea? —Tea, please. A. What B. Which C. Who D. Whose 二、句型转换(改为宾语从句) 1.Who is the winner? (I want to know...) I want to know _ _ the winner. 2.What does she like? (He asked...) He asked _ _ _. 第七部分:综合易错点辨析专项( 中考核心难点) 核心考查:it/one/that的用法区别、不定代词的综合运用 一、单项选择 1.I have a red pen. _ is on the desk. My sister wants _, so I will buy one for her. A. It; one B. One; it C. It; it D. One; one 2.The population of China is larger than _ of India. A. it B. one C. that D. this 3.—I can't find my ruler. Can I borrow _? —Sure, here you are. A. it B. one C. that D. this 答案及解析 第一部分:人称代词考点专项 1、 单项选择: 1. A(考查主格,作主语,指代my sister用She); 2. C(考查宾格,tell后接宾格me和them); 3. C(than后接主格I构成省略句He is taller than I (am),第二空than后接宾格him) 二、句型转换: 1. the children(teach后接双宾语,the children作间接宾语); 2. Who(对人提问用who,作主语,谓语用第三人称单数helps) 第二部分:物主代词考点专项 1、 单项选择: 1. C(第一空用名词性物主代词yours指代your pencil,第二空用hers指代her pencil); 2. C(第一空用形容词性物主代词my修饰book,第二空用名词性物主代词yours指代your book); 3. B(双重所有格a friend of mine,mine相当于my friends) 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 1.Their(形容词性物主代词修饰room) 2. it(指代room) 3.Lucy's(名词所有格修饰bed) 4.Lily's(名词所有格指代Lily's bed) 5.their(形容词性物主代词修饰home) 6. my(形容词性物主代词修饰toys) 第三部分:反身代词考点专项 1、 单项选择: 1. A(dress oneself表示“自己穿衣服”,主语是the little boy,用himself) 2. A(enjoy oneself表示“玩得开心”,主语是we,用ourselves) 3. B(help oneself to表示“随便吃/用”,children是复数,用yourselves) 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空: 1. himself(by oneself表示“独自”,主语是he) 2. herself(look after oneself表示“照顾自己”,主语是she) 第四部分:指示代词考点专项 1、 单项选择: 1. A(电话用语中,this指代自己,that指代对方) 2. B(that指代前文提到的不可数名词weather,避免重复) 3. B(books和ones都是复数,分别用these和those指代) 第五部分:不定代词考点专项 1、 单项选择: 1. A(表示请求的疑问句中,用some希望得到肯定回答) 2. B(little修饰不可数名词milk,表否定“几乎没有”,根据后句“去买一些”可知); 3. A(something interesting表示“有趣的事情”,形容词后置,肯定句用something) 4. C(neither表示“两者都不”,根据后句“都丑”可知) 二、根据句意用括号内所给词的适当形式填空: 1. nothing(根据后句“运行良好”可知“没毛病”) 2. Each(each修饰单数名词student,作定语) 3. a few(a few修饰可数名词apples,表肯定“一些”,根据后句“可以吃完”可知) 第六部分:疑问代词考点专项 1、 单项选择: 1. C(询问所属关系用whose,修饰bag) 2. A(who引导宾语从句,在从句中作主语) 3. B(在两者中选择用which) 二、句型转换: 1. who is(宾语从句用陈述句语序,who作主语,语序不变) 2. what she likes(宾语从句用陈述句语序,将does去掉,likes用原形) 第七部分:综合易错点辨析专项 1、 单项选择: 1. A(第一空it指代前文提到的同一个red pen,第二空one指代同类事物中的一支笔);2. C(that指代前文提到的不可数名词population) 3. B(one指代同类 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $