Unit5 Play by the rules understanding ideas课件 2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级上册

该初中英语课件围绕“规则”主题，涵盖规则的种类、遵守、挑战与制定，通过图片观察（如斑马线上的男孩）、视频观看（火车规则）及中外名言导入，以“处处有规则—遵守规则—挑战规则—制定规则”为脉络，辅以词汇提示、任务链和复述表格搭建学习支架。 其亮点在于融合语言能力、思维品质与文化意识培养，通过火车违规故事学习核心词汇和表目的不定式，引导学生猜测结局、讨论应对策略提升思辨能力，引入孟子名言深化文化理解。采用任务型教学，学生在制定班级规则中提升运用能力，教师可借助完整资源链高效开展教学。

Play by the rules? 5 Unit Starting out & understanding ideas 按规则行事 Unit 5 Play by the rules？ Starting out 子话题1：rules all around 2. What is the boy doing? Look and say 1. What can you see in the picture? 2. What is the boy doing? A boy, a sign and the zebra crossing. The boy is crossing the road. a red “STOP”sign the zebra crossing a bay 2. What is the boy doing? Look and think He may be hurt by a car! What’s the risk of not using the zebra crossing? So, rules are very ___________ in our life! important 1. What can you see in the picture? A boy is crossing the road. 2. What rules should we follow when crossing the road? We should follow traffic rules. Look and say Everywhere we go, there are rules. In this unit, let’s explore different types of rules. Why are rules important? How do rules change over time? By the end of this unit, you will design new rules for your class. After completing the unit, you will be able to： use words and expressions in the unit to talk about rules. use infinitive of purpose to tell stories about following rules. describe the importance of rules. 不同种类的规则 随着时间改变 表目的的不定式 Task of unit 5 In this unit, let’s explore different types of rules. By the end of this unit, you will design new rules for your class. Watch the video and answer the questions. 1. What kinds of rules do you need to follow in daily life? 2. Can you give an example? 1. What kinds of rules do you need to follow in daily life? These rules are need be followed: rules at home, rules at school, rules for having fun and traffic rules. rules at home rules at school rules for having fun traffic rules rules in public No smoking No running No shouting No parking rules in school Follow the rules Don’t be late Hand in the homework on time Keep quiet 2. Can you give an example? Read the quotes. Nothing can be done without norms or standards. --Mencius 不以规矩，不能成方圆。--孟子 孟子: 战国思想家，儒家学派代表人物，继承并发展了孔子的思想，主张“性本善”，提倡仁政，被尊为“亚圣”。著作有《孟子》。 A thinker of the Warring States Period Good order is the foundation of all things. --Edmund Burke 良好的秩序是一切的基础。--埃德蒙 ·伯克 埃德蒙·伯克(Edmund Burke): 18世纪英国政论家、美学家，是现代保守主义的思想奠基者。 Read the quotes. · Answer the question after reading. Good order is the foundation of all things. --Edmund Burke 良好的秩序是一切的基础。--埃德蒙 ·伯克 Nothing can be done without norms or standards. --Mencius 不以规矩，不能成方圆。--孟子 1 What do these quotes mean? 2 Which one do you agree with more? Why? Mencius's quote means we need rules to achieve anything. Edmund Burke's quote means a well-organised is the basis of everything. (The importance of rules.) Why do we need to follow the rules? Understanding and following rules helps communities develop and individuals grow. Unit 5 Play by the rules？ understanding ideas (reading) 子话题：following rules 通过学习本节课，我能够： 1. 学习理解：掌握核心词汇（packets, picnic, smelly, noise, reduce, kick, seat, passenger, fool, sign, throat等）并理解“规则”篇章的主旨。 2. 应用实践：探讨如何应对违规行为，维护公共秩序的问题。 3. 迁移创新：结合生活经验，反思、评估并用英语表达个人对规则的态度与行动。 Watch a video The rules on a train. 1 What rules are the people breaking? 2 What other rules should we follow on the train? Pre-reading Look at the picture and answer the questions. Use the words and expressions to help you. 1 Where are the people? 2 What rules are the people breaking? On a , some are breaking the : a girl is , which makes instead of keeping things ; a man is eating something ; and a boy is . Everyone should others, but here they are not. train rules playing loud music noise quiet smelly kicking one’s seat look after A train. 1 What rules are the people breaking? 2 What other rules should we follow on the train? Pre-reading Look at the picture and answer the questions. Use the words and expressions to help you. 1 Where are the people? 2 What rules are the people breaking? v. 打破 n. 噪音 adj. 安静的 adj. 难闻的 大声播放音乐 踢某人的座位 照顾 On a , some are breaking the : a girl is , which makes instead of keeping things ; a man is eating something ; and a boy is . Everyone should others, but here they are not. train rules playing loud music noise quiet smelly kicking one’s seat look after A train. 1 What rules are the people breaking? 2 What other rules should we follow on the train? Pre-reading 3 What other rules should we follow on the train？ Keep quiet.t Look after the old and the children. 4 What are the differences between these two pictures? What happened? Pre-reading VS ① ② The boy stood up. Let's read together to find the answer！ While-reading Read for structure. Divide the passage and match the main ideas with each part. Begining Middle End The writer got on a train and wanted to read in a quiet area. The writer thought about the meaning of rules and decided to do something. The writer noticed some rule-breaking behaviours and felt very angry. Read for details. 1. After a busy day at work, I got on the train to go home. I went to a quiet area in order to read. I sat down and took out my book. 1. Where was the writer? He was on a train. 2. What did the writer want to do on the train? He wanted to read. 2. Suddenly, a girl opposite me started playing loud music on her phone. What a shock! I almost jumped up in surprise. 3 A minute later, the man next to me took out several packets of food. It was like he was on a picnic. People have to eat, of course, but the food was so smelly! It was like sitting next to a mountain of blue cheese. 1. What did the girl opposite the writer do? How did the writer feel? The girl started playing loud music on her phone. The writer felt shocked. 2. What did the man next to the writer do? How did the writer feel? The man took out several packets of smelly food. The writer felt like sitting next to a mountain of blue cheese. a mountain of blue cheese运用了夸张的修辞手法，将气味浓烈的食物描述为“一座蓝纹奶酪山”，突出其气味之浓烈、令人不适。 2. Suddenly, a girl opposite me started playing loud music on her phone. What a shock! I almost jumped up in surprise. 3 A minute later, the man next to me took out several packets of food. It was like he was on a picnic. People have to eat, of course, but the food was so smelly! It was like sitting next to a mountain of blue cheese. 1. What did the girl opposite the writer do? How did the writer feel? The girl started playing loud music on her phone. The writer felt shocked. 2. What did the man next to the writer do? How did the writer feel? The man took out several packets of smelly food. The writer felt like sitting next to a mountain of blue cheese. a mountain of blue cheese运用了夸张的修辞手法，将气味浓烈的食物描述为“一座蓝纹奶酪山”，突出其气味之浓烈、令人不适。 紧邻 n. 小包 prep. 在......对面 n. 野餐 adj. 有臭味的 n. 干酪 4 I covered my ears in order to block the noise coming from Rock Girl. I covered my nose so as to reduce the smell coming from Mr Smelly Food. 1. What did the writer do to block the noise and reduce the smell? He covered his ears and nose. Rock Girl和Mr Smelly Food将人物特征标签化，赋予角色鲜明的身份，传达出作者的不满、无奈与一丝幽默。 He felt so annoyed. 4 I covered my ears in order to block the noise coming from Rock Girl. I covered my nose so as to reduce the smell coming from Mr Smelly Food. 1. What did the writer do to block the noise and reduce the smell? He covered his ears and nose. Rock Girl和Mr Smelly Food将人物特征标签化，赋予角色鲜明的身份，传达出作者的不满、无奈与一丝幽默。 He felt so annoyed. n. 噪声 v. 减少 The boy started to kick the writer’s seat and his mother didn’t feel sorry for his rude behaviour. The writer felt angrier. 5 Then a boy behind me started to kick my seat. My anger grew. My face turned as red as a tomato! I asked him to stop. However, his mother replied, “Come on, he’s just a kid.” 2. What did the boy behind the writer do? How did the writer feel? as red as a tomato使用了明喻，将愤怒导致的脸红比作番茄的颜色，极其形象地描绘出作者强烈的愤怒情绪。 The boy started to kick the writer’s seat and his mother didn’t feel sorry for his rude behaviour. The writer felt angrier. 5 Then a boy behind me started to kick my seat. My anger grew. My face turned as red as a tomato! I asked him to stop. However, his mother replied, “Come on, he’s just a kid.” 2. What did the boy behind the writer do? How did the writer feel? as red as a tomato使用了明喻，将愤怒导致的脸红比作番茄的颜色，极其形象地描绘出作者强烈的愤怒情绪。 v. 踢 n. 座位 6. I turned around so as to see the other passengers’ faces. They also seemed unhappy, but no one did anything. Will they think me a fool if I do something? I looked at the signs on the wall. They read “Please be quiet”, “No smelly food” and “Please look after your children”. Everyone knows the rules, I thought. They aren’t just on the wall but also in our minds and hearts. And rules are there for us to follow! 1. What were the other passengers’ reactions? They also seemed unhappy, but no one did anything. 2. What signs did the writer see? “Please be quiet”, “No smelly food” and “Please look after your children” . 6. I turned around so as to see the other passengers’ faces. They also seemed unhappy, but no one did anything. Will they think me a fool if I do something? I looked at the signs on the wall. They read “Please be quiet”, “No smelly food” and “Please look after your children”. Everyone knows the rules, I thought. They aren’t just on the wall but also in our minds and hearts. And rules are there for us to follow! 1. What were the other passengers’ reactions? They also seemed unhappy, but no one did anything. 2. What signs did the writer see? “Please be quiet”, “No smelly food” and “Please look after your children” . n. 乘客 pron. 任何事情都（没有） n. 蠢人 n. 指示牌 7. Suddenly, I felt brave. I took a deep breath, stood up and cleared my throat... 3. What do you think will happen next in the story? I think the writer will ask those people to follow the rules. Then the other passengers will support him. All the people on the train will start to follow the rules. n. 喉咙 Learning to think To guess what happens next in a story, use the information you know. You can think about characters’ actions and thoughts. You can also consider causes and effects within the story. 人物的行为和思想 7. Suddenly, I felt brave. I took a deep breath, stood up and cleared my throat... n. 喉咙 4. Please write an ending sentence for this story. I said firmly, "The rules are here for everyone's comfort. Please follow them."/ I then calmly reminded everyone of the rules, and to my surprise, they actually listened. Read and choose. Choose another suitable title for the passage. a Not my responsibility! b Stand up to bad behaviour c Make your own rules 7. Suddenly, I felt brave. I took a deep breath, stood up and cleared my throat... √ It’s none of my business. Retell the story according to the table. Setting: The writer got on the train, sat down, and took out his book. Then... play loud music noise smelly sitting kick his seat anger signs follow What a shock! I almost jumped up in surprise. ...but the food was so smelly! It was like sitting next to a mountain of blue cheese. My anger grew. My face turned as red as a tomato! How does the writer describe his feelings? shocked annoyed angry He is at the end of his patience. brave He couldn’t stand it any longer. Think and share. 1. Have you ever seen people break some rules? What did you do? Yes. I once saw some kids standing on the seats on a bus. I asked them to sit down. They weren’t happy but they did sit down. SS Read the passage Phrase 拿出 转身 深呼吸 照顾 像...一样 为了 what 引导的感叹句：What + (a/an) + 名词 (+ 其他成分) + ! 在/去野餐 为了；以便；以至于 Language points SS Language points 1 2 3 Suddenly, a girl opposite me started playing loud music on her phone. 突然，我对面的女孩开始用她的手机大声播放音乐。 1. opposite和start的用法 （1） opposite（多词性词） 形容词：对面的；相反的 The bank is on the opposite side of the street. 银行在街道对面。 介词：在……对面（后接名词） The museum is opposite the school. 博物馆在学校对面。 名词：对立的人/物；反义词（常用 the opposite of ） Love and hate are opposites. 爱和恨是对立的。 副词：在对面地 They sat opposite and talked. 他们面对面坐着聊天。 1. opposite和start的用法 后可接名词：start a project start to do sth 开始做某事，多指新情况或变化 start doing sth 开始做某事，多强调延续性或习惯性动作 （2） start / begin（开始） She starts the housework at 8 pm.她晚上八点开始做家务。 It starts to rain.开始下雨了。 She starts doing the housework at 8 pm.她晚上8点开始做家务。 1. opposite和start的用法 2. in surprise 的用法 I almost jumped up in surprise. 我差点惊讶地跳了起来。 （1） in surprise 固定短语，在句中作状语，修饰动词。 表示 “ 惊奇地、惊讶地 ”，强调因意外而做出的反应。 例句：She looked at me in surprise. （2）其他常见搭配 with surprise：带着惊讶（多用于伴随状态） to one’s surprise：令某人惊讶的是（常放句首） She looked at me in surprise when I told her the news. 当我告诉她这个消息时，她惊讶地看着我。 3. in order to的用法 I covered my ears in order to block the noise coming from Rock Girl. 我捂住耳朵，以隔绝来自“摇滚女孩”的噪声。 （1）in order to 意为 “ 为了；以便 ” In order to catch the train, he left early. =He left early in order to catch the train. 为了赶上火车，他早早就出发了。 （2） in order that“以便；为了”，引导结果状语从句。(=so that） She is doing homework in order that/ so that she can have a picnic tomorrow. 她正在做作业，为了明天能去野餐。 （2） 辨析noise, sound与voice 单词 含义及用法 noise 作可数名词时侧重表示“声音”，如：make a noise “发出声 音”； ②作不可数名词时侧重表示“噪声；嘈杂声”，常指不悦耳的声 音，如：noise pollution“噪声污染”； ③其形容词为noisy，意为“吵闹的”，可作表语和定语 sound ①作名词时意为“声音”，泛指自然界的各种声音，不带情感色彩； ②作连系动词时意为“听起来”，其后常接形容词 voice 作名词，意为“声音”，常指人的嗓音，如说话声、歌声等 The machine makes a lot of noise. 这台机器噪声很大。 The sound of waves is calming. 海浪的声音让人平静。 Her voice was trembling with fear. 她的声音因恐惧而颤抖。 （2） 辨析noise, sound与voice Thank you! 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