Unit 3 单词系统讲解表 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级上册
Unit 3单词系统讲解表
单词 | 常见搭配 | 考点提示 | 经典例句 |
compare /kəmˈpeə(r)/ (v. 比较；对比) | compare A with B（把A和B比较）、compare A to B（把A比作B）、compare notes（交换意见） | compare with表“对比异同”；compare to表“类比相似”；名词形式为comparison | We compare life to a journey in English writing. |
shy /ʃaɪ/ (adj. 害羞的) | be shy of sth（对某事害羞）、a shy smile（腼腆的微笑）、shy away from（回避） | 可作定语/表语；比较级shyer，最高级shyest；副词形式shyly | The shy girl didn’t dare to speak in front of the class. |
lazy /ˈleɪzi/ (adj. 懒惰的；懒洋洋的) | lazy person（懒人）、be lazy about study（学习偷懒）、lazy afternoon（慵懒的下午） | 可作定语/表语；比较级lazier，最高级laziest；反义词hard-working；副词形式lazily | My brother is too lazy to clean his bedroom. |
loud /laʊd/ (adv. 响亮地；adj. 大声的) | speak loud（大声说）、loud music（嘈杂的音乐）、in a loud voice（大声地） | 作副词可与loudly互换，loud更口语化；比较级louder，最高级loudest | The students are talking too loud in the classroom. |
outgoing /ˈaʊtɡəʊɪŋ/ (adj. | outgoing personality（外向 | 可作定语/表语；比较级more | Lucy is an outgoing girl who likes making |
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外向的) | 的性格）、be outgoing（性格外向）、outgoing student（开朗的学生） | outgoing，最高级most outgoing；反义词shy | friends. |
hard-working /ˌhɑːdˈwɜːkɪŋ/ (adj. 勤奋的) | hard-working student（勤奋的学生）、be hard-working at study（学习勤奋）、hard-working spirit（勤奋精神） | 复合形容词，由hard+working构成；可作定语/表语；反义词lazy | He is a hard-working student and always gets good grades. |
perform /pəˈfɔːm/ (v. 表演；执行) | perform a play（表演戏剧）、perform a task（执行任务）、perform well（表现出色） | 及物动词；名词形式为performance（表演）、performer（表演者） | The band will perform at the school concert next week. |
alone /əˈləʊn/ (adv. & adj. 独自；单独) | live alone（独自居住）、leave sb alone（不打扰某人）、be alone（独自一人） | 作副词修饰动词；作形容词仅能作表语，定语用lonely；无比较级 | She likes to be alone when she is reading books. |
solve /sɒlv/ (v. 解决；解答) | solve a problem（解决问题）、solve a puzzle（解谜）、solve the mystery（解开谜团） | 及物动词；名词形式为solution（解决方案）；不与question搭配（question用answer） | The teacher helped us solve the difficult math problem. |
flute /fluːt/ (n. 长 | play the flute（吹 | 可数名词，复数 | She has learned to play the flute for |
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笛) | 长笛）、a bamboo flute（竹笛）、flute player（长笛演奏者） | 为flutes；演奏乐器前加定冠词the | five years. |
congratulation /kənˌɡrætʃuˈleɪʃn/ (n. 祝贺；恭喜) | Congratulations (on...)!（祝贺……！）、send congratulations（致以祝贺）、a letter of congratulation（贺信） | 可数名词，常用复数形式congratulations；动词形式为congratulate | Congratulations on your winning the English competition! |
prize /praɪz/ (n. 奖；奖励) | win a prize（获奖）、first prize（一等奖）、prize money（奖金） | 可数名词，复数为prizes；常与win搭配；形容词形式为prized | He won the first prize in the painting contest. |
attend /əˈtend/ (v. 参加；出席) | attend a meeting（参加会议）、attend school（上学）、attend a lecture（听讲座） | 及物动词；与take part in近义，attend侧重“出席” | I plan to attend the art exhibition this weekend. |
besides /bɪˈsaɪdz/ (prep. 除……之外（还）；adv. 而且) | besides English（除了英语之外）、besides, I think...（此外）、besides money（除了钱） | 作介词表“包含”，except表“排除”；作副词表递进 | Besides swimming, he also likes playing basketball. |
spare /speə(r)/ (adj. 空闲的；备用的；v. 抽出； | spare time（空闲时间）、spare sb some time（为某 | 作形容词可作定语；作动词为及物动词；短语 | Can you spare me ten minutes to talk about the plan? |
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