主题语境 第5单元　历史、社会与文化 限时训练-2026届高三一轮复习英语专项

密 ○ 封 ○ 装 ○ 订 ○ 线 密 ○ 封 ○ 装 ○ 订 ○ 线 密 封 线 内 不 要 答 题 第5单元　历史、社会与文化 限时训练1　谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致 限时55分钟 考点　巩固练 考点1　谓语动词的时态之一般体和语态 1.As a little girl, I 　　　　　 (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I'm living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English. 2.The parts of a museum open to the public 　　　　　 (call) galleries or rooms. 3.When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and 　　　　　 (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. 4.On July 8th, 2023, the Olympic Council of Asia announced that Harbin 　　　　　 (hold) the 9th Asian Winter Games in 2025.   5.On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood 　　　　　 (name) the world's oldest living man. 6.Environmentalists hope paper bags 　　　　　 (ban) someday and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.  7.Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they　　　　　(give) a second treat. 8.The novel written by the author 　　　　　 (sell) well, but five years ago no one could have imagined how great a role he was to play in the literary world.   考点2　谓语动词的时态之进行体和语态 9.Sometimes, I act as a listening ear for students to talk over what 　　　　　 (bother) them.  10.I first met Lily five years ago. She　　　　　 (work) as a nurse in a hospital at the time.  11.Nathen 　　　　　 (cycle) along a remote road when he came across an abandoned kitten.  12.You 　　　　　 (lie) on the splendid beach at this time tomorrow, admiring the sunset.  13.单元主题Currently, thousands of works 　　　　　 (display) in the Forbidden City in Beijing, with more than 1.86 million works housed there, and it would take a lifetime to see everything.  14.Mr. Lee couldn't know the incident happening in the company, because he 　　　　　 (treat) for a sprain in the hospital.  考点3　谓语动词的时态之完成(进行)体和语态 15.Riders　　　　　(print) nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program was launched last March. 16.By about 6000 BC, people　　　　　 (discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise. 17.This is why we integrate these cultural elements. And this approach　　　　　 (welcome) by both parents and children ever since.   18.For the past two years, Gordon's students 　　　　　 (study) ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they're close to a solution.   19.There was a knock on the door. It was the second time someone　　　　　(interrupt) me that evening.  20.A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who　　　　　 (trap) in the mountains for two days.  21.The research team hope that, with their newly-developed technology, around 85 percent of paper in Denmark　　　　　 (recycle) by the end of this year.  22.I 　　　　　(plan) to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference. Due to a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. 考点4　主谓一致 23. Because the number of possible topics　　　　　 (be) practically limitless, we focus on a sample of the most interesting and useful applications and tools and explain the basic principles of technology. 24.Every girl and every boy 　　　　　 (have) the right to join the club.  25.单元主题Nowadays, huge quantities of information, whether true or false, 　　　　　(find) on the Internet as a result of the advanced technology.  26.Physics 　　　　　 (be) one of the hardest subjects for a middle school student.  27.Every means 　　　　　 (try) up to now, but we still can't come up with a good way to handle the current dilemma.   28.When it comes to this question, not only you but also she 　　　　　 (turn) out to be wrong.  29.Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to 　　　　　 (be) Alaska Airlines. 30.A poet and artist 　　　　　 (come) to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.  31.A survey shows that 80% of the middle-aged in this city 　　　　　 (be) in favour of the proposal for health care reform.  32.Nowadays, more than one student 　　　　　 (be) willing to apply to be a volunteer to help people in trouble.  33.The family as well as their dog 　　　　　 (trap) on the roof by the flood yesterday.  34.Until now ten thousand dollars 　　　　　 (spend) on this project so that we can enjoy a more beautiful campus.  35.Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like—frequently by plane—　　　　　 (view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. 36.传统文化The origin of Guangzhou morning tea tradition can be traced back to the Qing Dynasty. There 　　　　　(be) restaurants called cha guan, hanging a wooden board with the words “Tea Talking”, where passers-by could rest.  37.At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River 　　　　　 (lie) Chongqing, one of the ten largest cities in China.  综合　强化练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.Over the last two years, some supermarkets　　　　　 (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions(份). 2.Readers 　　　　　 (encourage) to continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of our Further Resources section featured in each volume. 3.The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It 　　　　　 (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored(修复). 4.The unmanned Chang'e-4 probe(探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess—　　　　　 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. 5.There 　　　　　 (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. 6.The big fire 　　　　　 (break) out on the morning of April 25, 2005, when most of the villagers 　　　　　 (sleep) soundly then.  7.As a mountainous scenic spot, Mount Tai has high value in terms of aesthetics(美学) and science, especially the aesthetic value, which 　　　　　 (be) the foundation for Mount Tai to become a famous mountain in history and an unparalleled heritage today.  8.This famous attraction, Yuzui, together with two other important parts, namely, Feishayan and Baopingkou, 　　　　　 (design) initially to control the water flow throughout the year.  9.It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, 　　　　　 (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public.  10.Carson proves that a simple literary form that 　　　　　 (pass) down through the ages can still be employed today to draw attention to important truths.(2023全国甲)  Ⅱ.语段填空 A In ancient times, the names and contributions of many talented women often 1.　　　　　(go) unrecorded in history. One such remarkable woman is Wu, a Chinese cook from the Southern Song Dynasty, whose culinary creations 2.　　　　　(preserve) in the book called Wu Shi Zhong Kui Lu.  While little is known about Wu herself, her recipes have become a source of pride for Chinese cuisine. In recent years, a moon cake recipe from her ancient cookbook 3.　　　　　(gain) popularity. Different from traditional flour-based moon cakes, this unique cake 4.　　　　　(make) from glutinous (黏的) rice, earning it the nickname “snow moon cake” due to its white appearance.   B Sydney Opera House, which 5.　　　　　(add) to UNESCO's World Heritage List in 2007, originally designed by Danish architect Jorn Utzon, 6.　　　　　(mark) its 50th anniversary in 2023. Experts to the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, in 2007, 7.　　　　　(describe) it as “one of the significant masterpieces of human creativity, not only in the 20th century, but in the history of humankind”, and it has provided the backdrop for countless standout moments.  There 8.　　　　　(be) more than 1 million roof tiles(瓷砖) covering approximately 1.62 hectares sitting over the structure. The roof tiles are “self-cleaning” designed to be cleaned by rainwater effectively.  素养　提升练 语法填空 A The “Italian Contemporary Art and Artists on the Silk Road” exhibition, 1.　　　　　 (hold) at the Grand Tang Mall in Xi'an, drew over 60,000 visitors during its 37-day run. Described by art 2.　　　　　 (enthusiastic) Zhang Yin, this unique event displayed the integration of Chinese tradition and Western modernity, offering an 3.　　　　　(appeal) journey transcending time and space.  The exhibition's route began in Italy, the end point of the ancient Silk Road, and spanned countries and regions along the Silk Road, ending in Xi'an, 4.　　　　　 starting point of the Silk Road. Pasquale Terracciano, from the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation, viewed the exhibition 5.　　　　　 a symbol of renewal and dialogue, highlighting the role of art in bridging the cultural divide.  6.　　　　　(historic), the Silk Road promoted cultural exchanges between China and Italy, which 7.　　　　　 (evidence) by Marco Polo's travels and the spread of Chinese culture to Italy. The Xi'an Art Museum, together with Italian peers, preserves this legacy, having previously hosted the “Beyond the Wall: Xi'an Contemporary Art Exhibition” in Florence.  8.　　　　　 (feature) 31 pieces from 33 Italian artists, the exhibition presented a diverse range of creative expressions, reflecting Italy's artistic evolution from the 1960s to today. Notable was “What holds it all together”, a chinoiserie-inspired piece made of porcelain and organic glass, 9.　　　　　 exemplified the enduring cultural bond between the two nations.  Though the exhibition closed its doors in Xi'an, the echo of its profound impact on the cultural landscape 10.　　　　　 (continue) to resonate, fostering a new era of creative harmony between China and Italy.  B “Nice” to Meet You, Hangzhou Nice, France and Hangzhou, China have been developing a unique bond since their official declaration 11.　　　　　 sister cities in 1998, connecting the two vibrant cultures separated by about 9,300 kilometers through numerous 12.　　　　　 (initiative). To Rudy Salles, deputy chairman of the Nice Tourist Office, the sister-city relationship between the two is a perfect match.  Having visited Hangzhou several times, Salles describes it as “a very well-organized and13.　　　　　 (welcome) city”. He recalls a Nice food festival at the Dragon Hotel Hangzhou, where traditional food, such as salade nicoise—14.　　　　　 (make) of tomatoes, hard-boiled eggs and olives and dressed with olive oil, and the Pan-bagnat, 15.　　　　　 sandwich made of whole wheat bread enclosing the classic salade nicoise, was served.  The cultural exchange between the two cities reached a new16.　　　　　 (high) in 2017 when Hangzhou Opera and Dance Drama Theater 17.　　　　　 (stage) the show To Meet the Grand Canal in Nice, at the invitation of the Nice government. In addition to the formal show, Chinese performers organized flash mob events on the streets of Nice 18.　　　　　(engage) more people.  In 2014 the Grand Canal was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. At the news, the Nice government approached Hangzhou, keen to learn from its experience, as Nice was seeking a similar status. In 2021, UNESCO added the city of Nice to its World Heritage List. “Our candidacy for UNESCO19.　　　　　 (support) by China, for 20.　　　　　 we are so grateful,” says Salles.  答案 限时训练1　谓语动词的时态、语态 考点巩固练 考点1谓语动词的时态之一般体和语态 1.wished　考查一般过去时。句意:当我是个小女孩时,我希望长大后能成为一名动物饲养员。现在,通过帮助大熊猫饲养员用英语完成他们的工作,我间接地实现了那个梦想。根据前面的“As a little girl”以及when引导的时间状语从句中的谓语grew up可知,设空处应使用一般过去时,表示过去的愿望。故填wished。 2.are called　考查一般现在时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意:博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为展览馆或展览室。设空处为句子谓语,由语境可知此处陈述客观事实,应该使用一般现在时。主语The parts of a museum与动词call之间为被动关系,表示“被称为”,且主语表示复数概念,故填are called。 3.gives　考查时态和主谓一致。句意:当我们放慢脚步时,我们会创造空间来反思我们的想法和情绪,这有助于我们确定生活中的重要领域,并给我们做出正确选择的机会。设空处在which引导的非限制性定语从句中与helps并列作谓语,故填gives。 4.would hold　考查过去将来时。句意:2023年7月8日,亚洲奥林匹克理事会宣布,哈尔滨将于2025年举办第九届亚洲冬季运动会。分析句子结构可知,“that Harbin...in 2025”为that引导的宾语从句,作announced的宾语。由主句谓语动词announced为一般过去时可知,从句谓语动词也应为相应的过去时态;结合从句中的in 2025可知应用过去将来时。故填would hold。 5.was named　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:2024年4月5日,约翰·廷尼斯伍德被评为全球在世最长寿的男性。根据时间状语On April 5, 2024可知,此处描述过去发生的事,应用一般过去时;name与主语John Tinniswood之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;主语John Tinniswood是单数,be动词用was。故填was named。 6.will be banned　考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意:环保主义者希望有一天纸袋会被禁止,并希望购物者多年使用同一个可重复使用的袋子。句中and连接两个并列谓语hope和want,“paper bags 　　　 someday”为省略that的宾语从句,作hope的宾语;paper bags为该宾语从句的主语,该从句缺少谓语,则设空处为该宾语从句的谓语。根据hope和someday可知此处表示将来的事,应用一般将来时;从句主语 paper bags 与动词ban之间为被动关系,表示“被禁止”,应用被动语态。故填will be banned。  7.would be given　考查时态和语态。句意:每个孩子都被告知,如果他们在吃零食之前等待15分钟,他们就会再得到一份零食。分析句子结构可知,was told后是省略that的宾语从句,设空处为宾语从句中主句的谓语。根据主句中的was told可知宾语从句也应用相应的过去时态。宾语从句中的条件状语从句用一般过去时,对应的主句应用过去将来时。主语they和give之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,故填would be given。 8.sells　考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:这位作者写的小说卖得很好,但五年前没有人能想象他在文学界扮演如此重要的角色。根据语境可知,与五年前进行对比,这本小说现在销量很好,表示现在的情况,应用一般现在时。动词sell与副词well连用,表示主语的特点(卖得好),用主动形式表示被动意义。此处主语The novel是第三人称单数形式,谓语也应用第三人称单数形式,故填sells。 考点2 谓语动词的时态之进行体和语态 9.is bothering　考查现在进行时和主谓一致。句意:有时候我会充当一个倾听者,让学生们倾诉什么在困扰着他们。分析句子结构可知,over后为what引导的宾语从句,作talk over的宾语,设空处为该从句的谓语。根据主句谓语act为一般现在时可知,从句谓语也应用现在时的一种;结合语境可知,此处指“倾诉当时正在困扰着他们的事”,所以用现在进行时。从句主语为what,表示单数意义,故填is bothering。 10.was working　考查过去进行时和主谓一致。句意:我五年前第一次见到莉莉。她当时正在一所医院里当护士。根据句意和时间状语 at the time 可知,这里用过去进行时,强调过去某个时间段正在进行的动作;主语为She,谓语用第三人称单数形式,故填was working。 11.was cycling　考查过去进行时和主谓一致。句意:Nathen正在一条偏僻的路上骑自行车,这时遇到了一只被遗弃的小猫。此处考查“was/were doing sth. when...”结构,意为“正在做某事,这时……”,表示一个动作正在进行,这时另一个动作突然发生;主语Nathen 是第三人称单数,故填was cycling。 12.will be lying　考查将来进行时。句意:明天的这个时候,你会正躺在美丽的海滩上,欣赏着日落。分析句子结构可知,此处应为谓语。根据时间状语at this time tomorrow可知,此处指的是“明天的这个时候正在做某事”,应使用将来进行时;lie在此处表示“躺”,句子主语You与lie之间为主动关系,故填will be lying。 13.are being displayed　考查现在进行时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意:目前,北京故宫中有数以千计的作品正在展出,那里收藏了186万多件作品,要想看完所有的作品需要一生的时间。根据Currently及语境可知,这里表示现阶段正在进行的动作,应用现在进行时。主语thousands of works和动词display之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,故填are being displayed。 14.was being treated　考查过去进行时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意:李先生不会知道公司发生的事,因为他(当时)正在医院治疗扭伤。句中逗号后为because引导的原因状语从句,设空处为从句的谓语。从句主语he与treat之间为被动关系,表示“被治疗”,且由主句中的couldn't及语境可知此处表示过去某个时刻正在发生的动作,应用过去进行时的被动语态。从句主语为第三人称单数,故填was being treated。 考点3 谓语动词的时态之完成(进行)体和语态 15.have printed　考查现在完成时。句意:自去年3月该项目启动以来,乘客们已经打印了近2万篇短篇小说和诗歌。根据时间状语从句since...last March可知此处应用现在完成时;主语Riders是复数,且和动词print之间是主动关系,故填have printed。 16.had discovered　考查过去完成时。句意:到公元前六千年左右,人们已经发现了最好的用来种植的作物和用来饲养的动物。根据时间状语By about 6000 BC和语境可知应用过去完成时。故填had discovered。 17.has been welcomed　考查现在完成时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意:这就是我们将这些文化元素融合在一起的原因。从那时起,这种方法就受到了父母和孩子们的欢迎。分析句子可知,设空处作句子的谓语,根据时间状语ever since可知,此处应用现在完成时;welcome(欢迎)和主语this approach之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,且主语是单数,助动词应用has。故填has been welcomed。 18.have been studying　考查现在完成进行时和主谓一致。句意:在过去的两年里,戈登的学生们一直在研究在零重力状态下杀死细菌的方法,他们认为他们快要得出解决方案了。分析句子结构可知,and连接两个并列分句,设空处为前一分句的谓语。由语境及时间状语For the past two years可知,study表示的动作从过去开始一直持续到现在,并且可能会持续下去,应用现在完成进行时,主语为复数,故填have been studying。 19.had interrupted　考查过去完成时。句意:有人敲门。这是那天晚上第二次有人打扰我。在It was the first/second/third/...time that...句型中,that引导的从句要用过去完成时,该句中省略了that。故填had interrupted。 20.had been trapped　考查过去完成时的被动语态。句意:一位救援人员冒着生命危险挽救了两个被困在山里两天的游客。分析句子结构可知,“who 　　　 in the mountains for two days”为who引导的定语从句,修饰先行词two tourists,who在定语从句中作主语,设空处为定语从句的谓语。游客被困(trap)发生在救援人员营救(risked his life saving)之前,表示过去的过去,因此定语从句要用过去完成时。who代替先行词two tourists在定语从句中作主语,与trap之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,故填had been trapped。  21.will have been recycled　考查将来完成时的被动语态。句意:该研究小组希望,到今年年底,利用他们新开发的技术,丹麦大约85%的纸张将被回收利用。分析句子结构可知,hope后为that引导的宾语从句,around 85 percent of paper为该从句的主语,设空处为该从句的谓语,“with their newly-developed technology”为介词短语作状语。由时间状语by the end of this year和语境可知,宾语从句应用将来完成时,表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成的动作;从句主语around 85 percent of paper和动词recycle之间是被动关系,表示纸张被回收利用,应用被动语态。故填will have been recycled。 22.had planned 　考查过去完成时。句意:我原本打算飞往维也纳,然后乘公共汽车去布拉格参加一个会议。由于一场大暴风雨,我的航班延误了一个半小时。had planned to do...表示“原打算做……”,符合语境。故填had planned。 考点4 主谓一致 23.is　考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意:因为可能的主题的数量几乎是无限的,所以我们关注最有趣和最有用的应用程序和工具的一个样本,并解释技术的基本原理。the number of...表示“……的数目”,后接可数名词的复数形式,作主语时谓语动词用单数。根据主句的时态和语境可知用一般现在时。故填is。 24.has　考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意:每个女孩和每个男孩都有权加入该俱乐部。分析句子结构可知,该句主语是Every girl and every boy,谓语动词应用单数。结合句意可知,此处描述的是现在的一般情况,故填has。 25.are found　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:如今,由于先进的技术,大量的信息,无论是真还是假,都可以在互联网上找到。“quantities of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。information与find之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态。根据Nowadays可知,此处应用一般现在时。故填are found。 26.is　考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意:物理对中学生来说是最难的学科之一。Physics虽然以“s”结尾,但它是一个学科名词,表示单数概念,作主语时谓语动词应用单数形式;此处陈述一般性事实,应用一般现在时,故填is。 27.has been tried　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:到目前为止,各种方法都试过了,但我们仍没能想出一个好方法来应付目前这个进退两难的局面。根据up to now可知,此处应用现在完成时;主语means和动词try之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;means为单复数同形的名词,由限定词Every可知此处的means为单数意义,助动词应用has。故填has been tried。 28.turns　考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意:说到这个问题,结果是不仅你错了,她也错了。由从句中的谓语动词comes可知,主句谓语动词应为一般现在时。分析主句结构可知,主句使用了not only...but also...结构,谓语动词应采用就近原则,即谓语和最近的主语保持人称和数的一致,she为最近的主语,对应的谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填turns。 29.was　考查一般过去时和主谓一致。句意:每当我听说有企业使用塑料时,我就会发电子邮件。我写过信的最大的公司之一是阿拉斯加航空公司。 在设空处所在句中,“I wrote to”为省略关系词的定语从句,修饰先行词companies,One of the biggest companies为主句主语,设空处为主句的谓语动词。根据语境及上句中的heard可知这里描述发生在过去的事情,应用一般过去时;“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构作主语时,谓语动词用单数,故填was。 30.is coming　考查现在进行时和主谓一致。句意:一位诗人兼画家明天下午要给我们讲中国文学和绘画。由“tomorrow afternoon”及语境可知,此处指将要发生的事,提示词为表示位置移动的不及物动词come,常用现在进行时表将来。主语A poet and artist在此处表示“一位诗人兼画家”,指的是一个人,谓语应用第三人称单数形式,故填is coming。 31.are　考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意:一项调查显示这个城市的中年人中有80%的人赞成医疗改革的建议。宾语从句的主语“80% of the middle-aged”为“百分数+of+名词”结构,谓语动词的数应该与of后面的名词保持一致。the middle-aged是“the+形容词”结构,指一类人,表示复数意义,谓语动词用复数。根据主句的谓语动词shows可知that引导的宾语从句也应用一般现在时。故填are。 32.is　考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意:如今,不止一个学生愿意申请成为一名志愿者来帮助有困难的人。根据Nowadays及语境可知此处应用一般现在时,表示现在的一般情况。句子主语是more than one student,谓语应用单数,故填is。 33.were trapped　考查一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意:昨天这家人还有他们的狗被洪水困在了屋顶。主语The family和动词trap之间是被动关系,且由yesterday可知,此处用一般过去时的被动语态。主语后有“as well as...”短语,谓语动词的数与as well as之前的主语保持一致;The family在句中指“一家人”,表示复数意义,be动词用were。故填were trapped。 34.has been spent　考查现在完成时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意:为了让我们能享受一个更美丽的校园,到现在为止这个项目已经花费了一万美元。表示到现在为止这个项目已经花费了一万美元,用现在完成时;主语ten thousand dollars和动词spend之间是被动关系,应用现在完成时的被动语态。表示金钱的ten thousand dollars作主语,看作一个整体,谓语用单数形式。故填has been spent。 35.is viewed/has been viewed　考查一般现在时或现在完成时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意:经常坐飞机参加会议、讲座、研讨会等被认为是科学家们聚在一起交流信息的重要途径。句子的主语“Travelling to...and the like”和view之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。此处可理解为描述人们普遍认知的事情,用一般现在时,也可以理解为强调过去的事情对现在的影响,用现在完成时。主语为动名词短语,谓语应用第三人称单数形式,故填is viewed或has been viewed。 36.were　考查时态和主谓一致。句意:广州早茶传统的起源可以追溯到清朝。那时有餐馆被叫作茶馆,挂着一块写有“茶话”字样的木板,路人可以在那里休息。根据the Qing Dynasty可知,此处描述过去的事情,应用一般过去时。在there be结构中,be动词的单复数与其后的名词保持一致,根据空后的“restaurants”可知,此处应用复数。故填were。 37.lies　考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意:重庆是中国十大城市之一,位于长江和嘉陵江交汇的地方。本句是倒装句,句子的主语是Chongqing。本句介绍的是一般事实,应用一般现在时。故填lies。 综合强化练 Ⅰ.1.have started　考查现在完成时。句意:在过去的两年里,一些超市开始以一分为二、独立包装的方式销售鸡肉或沙拉。根据“Over the last two years”可知此处应用现在完成时。句子的主语some supermarkets和动词start(开始)之间是主动关系。故填have started。 2.are encouraged　考查一般现在时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意:我们鼓励读者运用每一卷的“参考资料”部分提供的指导继续探索数字世界。主语Readers与encourage之间为被动关系,表示“被鼓励”,所以用被动语态。由语境可知此处表示一般情况,应用一般现在时。主语是复数,故填are encouraged。 3.was built　考查一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意:西安城墙是中国悠久历史上保存最完整的城墙。它最初是在唐朝为保护这座城市而建的,现在已经完全修复。此处表示“它被建造”,主语It与build之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;再根据in the Tang dynasty可知设空处需用一般过去时。主语为It,be动词用was,故填was built。 4.touched　考查一般过去时。句意:嫦娥四号无人探测器上周在南极—艾特肯盆地着陆,其名字的灵感来自中国古代的月亮女神。分析句子结构可知,设空处是谓语。根据时间状语last week可知设空处需用一般过去时。句子的主语The unmanned Chang'e-4 probe和touch之间是主动关系,故填touched。 5.has been　考查现在完成时和主谓一致。句意:根据联合国的一份新报告,过去20年里,极端天气事件的数量急剧增加,这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。根据时间状语over the past 20 years可知,此处使用现在完成时。此句使用的是there be句型,主语a dramatic rise是单数概念,谓语也应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been。 6.broke;were sleeping　考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:大火发生在2005年4月25日早上,当时大多数村民都在熟睡。分析句子结构可知,“when...soundly then”是when引导的定语从句,第一空为主句的谓语动词,第二空为从句的谓语动词。由时间状语on the morning of April 25, 2005可知,第一空应用一般过去时,故第一空填broke。由then及语境可知,第二空表示过去正在发生的事情,应用过去进行时;主语most of the villagers为复数,故第二空填were sleeping。 7.is　考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意:泰山作为一个山岳型景区,在美学和科学方面具有很高的价值,尤其是美学价值,这是泰山成为历史名山和今天无与伦比的遗产的基础。 分析句子结构可知,“which 　　　　 the foundation...”为which引导的定语从句,设空处为定语从句的谓语动词,which在定语从句中作主语,指代主句,从句谓语应用单数形式。根据主句时态和整体语境可知,从句时态为一般现在时,表示一种事实。故填is。  8.was designed　考查一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意:这个著名的景点——鱼嘴,连同另外两个重要的部分,即飞沙堰和宝瓶口,最初是为了控制全年的水流而设计的。根据空后的initially(最初)可知此处表示过去的事,应用一般过去时。句子主语This famous attraction与design之间为被动关系,表示“被设计”,应用被动语态。当主语后接由together with构成的短语时,谓语要与前面的主语保持一致,因此本句中谓语应与This famous attraction保持一致,用第三人称单数形式。故填was designed。 9.has proved/proven　考查现在完成时和主谓一致。句意:林肯位于伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家不像乔治·华盛顿在波托马克河畔的种植园那样给人留下深刻印象,但自从向公众开放以来,它就被证明对游客很有吸引力。分析句子结构可知,but连接两个并列分句。在but后的分句中,since引导时间状语从句,Lincoln's home为主句主语,设空处为主句的谓语;根据时间状语从句“since it opened to the public”可知,主句要用现在完成时,prove在此处是系动词,主句主语为单数形式,故填has proved/proven。 10.has been passed　考查现在完成时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意:卡森证明,一种流传多年的简单文学形式今天仍然可以用来引起人们对重要事实的关注。分析句子结构可知,proves后为that引导的宾语从句。其中a simple literary form为宾语从句的主语,can still be employed为宾语从句的谓语,“to draw...”为不定式作目的状语;“that 　　　 down through the ages”为that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词a simple literary form,设空处为从句的谓语。根据句意及时间状语through the ages可知定语从句应用现在完成时;定语从句中的that代替先行词a simple literary form作主语,和pass之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,谓语应用单数,故填has been passed。  Ⅱ.A 1.went　考查一般过去时。根据时间状语In ancient times可知此处介绍过去的事情,应用一般过去时,故填went。 2.are preserved　考查时态和语态。此处指她的菜肴被保存在一本名为《吴氏中馈录》的书中,介绍的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,且动词preserve和主语culinary creations之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,主语是复数,故填are preserved。 3.has gained　考查现在完成时。根据时间状语In recent years可知此处应用现在完成时,且句子主语a moon cake recipe 和gain之间是主动关系,主语是单数,故填has gained。 4.is made　考查时态和语态。此处陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时,主语this unique cake和make之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,主语为名词单数,谓语动词用单数。故填is made。 B 5.was added　考查时态和语态。句意:悉尼歌剧院于2007年被列入联合国教科文组织《世界遗产名录》,它最初由丹麦建筑师约恩·乌松设计,2023年,迎来了其建成50周年纪念。分析句子结构可知,“which 　　　　 (add) to... 2007”为which引导的非限制定语从句,which在从句中作主语,指代先行词Sydney Opera House,空处在从句中作谓语,动词add和主语之间是被动关系,再根据时间状语in 2007可知,应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was added。  6.marked　考查时态。分析句子结构可知,空处在主句中作谓语,主语Sydney Opera House和mark之间是主动关系,再根据时间状语in 2023可知,此处应用一般过去时。故填marked。 7.described　考查时态。此处指联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会的专家将其描述为“人类创造力的重要杰作之一,不仅在20世纪,而且在人类历史上”。分析句子结构可知,设空处作谓语,主语Experts to the UNESCO World Heritage Committee和describe之间是主动关系,再根据时间状语in 2007可知此处应用一般过去时。故填described。 8.are　考查主谓一致。本句是there be句型,be动词的数要和后面的名词保持一致。主语more than 1 million roof tiles是名词复数,且此处介绍的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,故填are。 素养提升练 A 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。“意大利当代艺术丝路行”展览在西安大唐不夜城举行,在为期37天的展览中吸引了6万多名参观者。 1.held　考查过去分词。句意:“意大利当代艺术丝路行”展览在西安的大唐不夜城举行,在为期37天的展览中吸引了6万多名参观者。分析句子结构可知,The “Italian Contemporary Art and Artists on the Silk Road” exhibition是主语,谓语是drew,设空处应用非谓语动词,且动词hold与主语之间是被动关系,应用过去分词作状语。故填held。 2.enthusiast　考查名词。句意:根据艺术爱好者张茵的描述,这一独特的活动展示了中国传统与西方现代的融合,提供了一场超越时空的迷人之旅。表示“爱好者”应用名词enthusiast,此处指Zhang Yin,应用单数。故填enthusiast。 3.appealing　考查形容词。设空处修饰名词journey,作定语,应用形容词appealing,意为“吸引人的,迷人的”。故填appealing。 4.the　考查冠词。句意:展览的路线从古丝绸之路的终点意大利开始,横跨丝绸之路沿线的国家和地区,最终在丝绸之路的起点西安结束。此处特指西安为起点,应用定冠词。故填the。 5.as　考查介词。句意:来自意大利外交与国际合作部的Pasquale Terracciano认为这次展览是更新和对话的象征,强调了艺术在消除文化差异方面的作用。view...as...表示“把……看作……”。故填as。 6.Historically　考查副词。句意:历史上,丝绸之路促进了中国和意大利之间的文化交流,马可·波罗的旅行和中国文化传播到意大利就是证明。设空处修饰后面的句子,应用副词historically作状语,句首单词首字母大写。故填Historically。 7.was evidenced　考查时态和语态对应考点1。分析句子结构可知,which引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面的整个句子,设空处在从句中作谓语,根据by可知,主语与动词evidence(证明)之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。再根据语境可知,此处描述过去的事情,应用一般过去时,且先行词是个句子,谓语动词应用单数形式。故填was evidenced。 8.Featuring　考查现在分词。句意:此次展览展出了来自33位意大利艺术家的31件作品,展示了多种多样的创意表现形式,反映了意大利从20世纪60年代到今天的艺术演变。分析句子结构可知,the exhibition 是主语,presented是谓语。设空处应用非谓语动词,此处feature与exhibition之间是主动关系,故用现在分词作状语,句首单词首字母大写。故填Featuring。 9.which　考查定语从句。句意:值得注意的是《是什么将其相连》,这是一件中国风的作品,由瓷和有机玻璃制成,体现了两国之间持久的文化纽带。分析句子结构可知,第一个逗号前是主句,两个逗号之间是“What holds it all together”的同位语,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词“What holds it all together”,关系词在从句中作主语,指物。故填which。 10.continues/will continue　考查时态对应考点1。句意:虽然此次展览在西安闭幕,但其仍将对文化景观产生深远影响,推动中意两国创意和谐的新时代。分析句子结构可知,the echo of...to resonate为主句,设空处是主句的谓语,此处可理解为陈述事实,用一般现在时,或理解为事情发生在将来,用一般将来时,主语为echo,谓语动词用单数形式。故填continues/will continue。 B 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲法国尼斯和中国杭州作为姐妹城市一直在发展一种独特的联系,通过许多举措将相距大约9,300千米的两种充满活力的文化联系起来。 11.as　考查介词。句意:自1998年正式宣布为姐妹城市以来,法国尼斯和中国杭州一直在发展一种独特的联系,通过许多倡议将相距大约9,300千米的两种充满活力的文化联系起来。根据语境可知,这里表示“作为”,应填介词as。故填as。 12.initiatives　考查名词复数。initiative意为“倡议”时为可数名词,由空前的numerous可知,此处应用名词复数形式。故填initiatives。 13.welcoming　考查形容词。句意:在多次访问杭州后,Salles将其描述为“一个组织非常好、热情好客的城市”。设空处作定语修饰后面的名词city,应用形容词,welcoming表示“热情的,友好的”。故填welcoming。 14.made　考查过去分词。句意:他回忆起在杭州黄龙饭店举办的尼斯美食节,那里提供了传统食品,如尼斯沙拉——用西红柿、煮熟的鸡蛋、橄榄制成,并涂上橄榄油,以及Pan-bagnat,一种用全麦面包包裹经典尼斯沙拉制成的三明治。 分析句子结构可知,“where...was served”为where引导的定语从句,在从句中traditional food作主语,was served作谓语,所以设空处应用非谓语形式,salade nicoise与make之间为被动关系,应用过去分词。故填made。 15.a　考查冠词。分析句子可知,此处sandwich作the Pan-bagnat的同位语,应用不定冠词表泛指,表示“一种三明治”,且sandwich为辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 16.height　考查名词。句意:2017年,应尼斯市政府的邀请,杭州歌剧舞剧院在尼斯上演了舞剧《遇见大运河》,两市文化交流达到了新的高度。冠词a后面应填单数名词,height意为“高度”,符合句意。故填height。 17.staged　考查时态对应考点1。句意同上。分析句子结构可知,设空处作谓语,Hangzhou Opera and Dance Drama Theater与动词stage(上演)之间为主动关系,再由in 2017可知,应用一般过去时。故填staged。 18.to engage　考查不定式。句意:除了正式的表演,中国表演者还在尼斯街头组织了快闪活动,以吸引更多人。句中已有谓语动词,此处应用非谓语动词,根据语境可知此处表目的,应用不定式作目的状语。故填to engage。 19.was supported　考查时态、语态及主谓一致对应考点1、4。句意:我们参加联合国教科文组织的评选得到了中国的支持,对此我们深表感谢。设空处在句中作谓语,主语Our candidacy for UNESCO与动词support之间为被动关系,再由前文的时间状语In 2021可知,此处应用一般过去时。故填was supported。 20.which　考查定语从句。句意同上。此处考查“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词为前面的句子,所以此处应用关系代词which。故填which。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 密 ○ 封 ○ 装 ○ 订 ○ 线 密 ○ 封 ○ 装 ○ 订 ○ 线 密 封 线 内 不 要 答 题 限时训练2 限时30分钟 Ⅰ　阅读理解 Passage 1 　　The small hobby of chocolate is becoming a more costly one. Rapidly increasing prices for cocoa beans recently hit a record $12,000 a tonne: roughly four times last year's price. Many think they will go higher. That may put small specialist producers out of business. Yet it is bringing little reward to struggling growers. The immediate cause is a bad harvest in West Africa—which produces 70% of the world's beans—reflecting El Niño-linked weather patterns and disease. Major processing plants in Ghana and Côte d'lvoire, the main growers, have stopped or reduced operations because they cannot afford the beans. But underlying the crisis are longer-term issues including the climate crisis and the inability of farmers to invest in production due to their low incomes. Many West African growers are being forced out of the business after years of punishingly low returns for their hard work and—as trees come to the end of their life cycle—often selling land to gold miners, resulting in severe environmental degradation(恶化). Latin American farmers are rushing to plant cocoa due to the higher prices, abandoning other crops and deforesting new areas. But the likelihood, if production booms and the system does not change, is that by the time their new trees bear fruit, prices may be falling again. As serious as the situation looks, the attention demanded by the rocketing price of cocoa, and the introduction of the EU Deforestation Regulation offer an opportunity. Faced with global heating, increasing conflict and energy price instability, depending on the free market is a poor bet. Treating food issues as financial instruments hurts farmers, destroys forests and worsens the instability of supply. The solution in this case is a commitment to stable minimum prices for cocoa farmers and long-term contracts. This would help to lift growers out of poverty and, in doing so, tackle other problems. Sustainable production is essential, and will even benefit consumers in the long run. It can't be achieved by letting the free market run its course. 1.What might be the consequence of rising cocoa prices? A.Some small producers will fail.　　　B.Cocoa farmers will benefit greatly. C.Fewer people will eat chocolate.　　　D.Cocoa production will increase. 2.What will happen if more Latin American farmers plant cocoa? A.Other crops will boost production.　　　B.Cocoa prices will go down. C.The environment will be improved.　　　D.Old cocoa trees will be abandoned. 3.What is the author's attitude towards the free market approach to cocoa problems? A.Defensive.　　B.Concerned.　　C.Optimistic.　　D.Indifferent. 4.What does the author suggest in order to solve the cocoa problem? A.Allowing the free market to work.　　　B.Giving cocoa farmers more freedom. C.Helping cocoa growers out of poverty.　　　D.Promising a steady guaranteed price. Passage 2 Fashion designers have a big say in what's considered beautiful. They pick who's in their shows and ads, shaping what's celebrated as beauty. But this power also means responsibility—it can be used to leave people out or lift them up. When I was young, fashion was my world. I pored over various fashion magazines at my local bookstore, desiring to be tall, thin, and have long, shiny hair to fit the ideal. I wanted to be like those models, so I stopped eating. It was a tough time;my eating disorder destroyed me. It took years to break free from its control, allowing me to focus on my true passions.  For so long, the fashion industry has worked hard to set an ideal of beauty and sees thin, young, white, and able-bodied models as the ideal. It's impossible not to be exposed to images of models that have been photoshopped to where there's not a single spot in sight. This idea is everywhere, and it hurts people. Shockingly, around 91% of women are unhappy with their appearance. It's sad that teens grow up in a society where they deny themselves. There's progress—models and musicians promote body positivity. However, the pressure to meet unrealistic standards remains. Changing these standards involves bravely celebrating diverse beauty. True inclusivity goes beyond appearances. It requires diverse decision-makers, photographers, and casting directors to cooperate. Young designers often overlook this crucial aspect. Hiring plus-size photographers, diverse casting directors, or makeup artists who understand the importance of accommodating to various skin tones, is vital for an overall approach. We aimed to redefine the “bikini body” standards. However, the goal isn't for the consumers' body to change but for clothes to accommodate all sizes. We need more fashion for everyone, no matter what their size is or where they shop. It's our responsibility as designers to challenge this narrow beauty definition. My hope is for future teens to escape the pressures I faced, developing a fashion industry celebrating diverse identities. 5.What does the underlined phrase “pored over” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A.Classified carefully.　　　B.Read attentively. C.Compared thoroughly.　　　D.Recommended sincerely. 6.What is the impact of the idea of beauty set by the fashion industry? A.Causing self-denial.　　　B.Generating individuality. C.Focusing on true passions.　　　D.Contributing to self-confidence. 7.What can be inferred about true inclusivity? A.It encourages personal effort.　　　B.It satisfies traditional standards. C.It focuses on physical appearances.　　　D.It calls for diversity and cooperation. 8.Which of the following will the author probably agree with? A.Customers will change their body shapes. B.Future teens will redefine fashion standards. C.Fashion should celebrate everyone's uniqueness. D.“Bikini body” standards should be strengthened. Ⅱ　七选五 　　 How Loneliness is Killing Us Loneliness is absolutely an epidemic(流行病) in our society, but it's been growing for decades. Loneliness is the sense that “I am less connected to other people than I want to be”. 1.　　　 And that makes it different from isolation(独处). I can deliberately isolate myself and feel great about that, but only you can tell if you're lonely.  2.　　　 In some studies, as many as 60% of people will say that they feel lonely much of the time. Young adults aged 16 to 24 are the loneliest age group.  There are many factors that are responsible for that. Loneliness was on the rise from the 1950s in part because of the rise of private care. We've become a much more mobile society where the networks of family and friends get loose as people move for jobs and other kinds of opportunities like education. 3.　　　 But then it tears us away from the communities we are born into and spend much of our lives creating. When the television came into the American home, there was more of a decline in investing in our communities. And that was made worse as the digital revolution gave us more and more screens to look at.  Research finds loneliness is dangerous to our health. 4.　　　 In addition, people who are lonely in late life have more rapid brain decline.  The choice we can make to keep us on a good path of well-being is to invest in our relationships with other people. 5.　　　 You belong. You matter. You're connected.  A.It's a very subjective experience. B.All of that is good on the one hand. C.You may feel lost and may have low confidence. D.Stress coming from loneliness causes a physical breakdown. E.Since the 1950s, people have been less and less invested in other people. F.People go to faraway colleges and only get in touch with families on screens. G.A good way is to find an activity around other people where you are comfortable. Ⅲ　完形填空 My son just completed high school and when he leaves for college in the fall, I'll 　1　 his lessons in teenage slang(俚语). His slang has offered me an accidental but useful portrait(描述) of how he and his generation 　2　 the world.   From one generation to the next, the terms changed, but the　3　 typically didn't. New words were routinely 　4　 to express familiar concepts: one generation's “cool” 　5　 another's “dope” and so on.   Members of my son's generation have a vastly superior approach to slang. They've created a language that　6　 the new and distinct reality they face.   “Mid” is an obvious　7　 in my son's usage. Things that are mid are things that are average or 　8　 below average. Everything in a railway station or an airport falls into the category of “mid”. It's a brilliant, precise word for a mildly 　9　 world.   But my favorite new slang word is “based”—short for “based on fact” or “based on reality” and often used as a term of agreement when someone　10　 a debatable opinion.   The kids themselves are bright. That is why I'm so　11　 to my son who gave me a chance to 　12　 the language of his generation. One purpose of slang is to demonstrate generational 　13　, yet slang has brought my son and me closer. The current 　14　 created slang and they've proved themselves more 　15　 than we were.  1.A.teach　　B.prepare　　C.miss　　D.attend 2.A.see　　B.change　　C.impact　　D.shape 3.A.users　　B.meanings　　C.forms　　D.targets 4.A.searched　　B.defined　　C.abused　　D.adopted 5.A.leads　　B.becomes　　C.causes　　D.follows 6.A.dates from　　B.turns to　　C.escapes from　　D.responds to 7.A.example　　B.tool　　C.exception　　D.expression 8.A.unbelievably　　B.terribly　　C.slightly　　D.unreasonably 9.A.thrilling　　B.excellent　　C.indifferent　　D.disappointing 10.A.seeks　　B.states　　C.exchanges　　D.analyzes 11.A.helpful　　B.familiar　　C.grateful　　D.sensitive 12.A.compare　　B.approach　　C.assess　　D.imitate 13.A.ability　　B.dreams　　C.shortcomings　　D.distinctions 14.A.teenagers　　B.children　　C.adults　　D.seniors 15.A.realistic　　B.considerate　　C.innovative　　D.energetic 答案 限时训练2 Ⅰ.阅读理解 Passage 1 语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。文章分析了可可豆价格上涨的原因以及带来的一系列后果,并阐述了作者对这一问题的看法和解决方法。 1.A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Many think they will go higher. That may put small specialist producers out of business.”可知,迅速上涨的可可豆价格可能会使小型专业生产商破产。  同义表达 　　A项中的“fail”是文章第一段中“out of business”的同义表达。故选A。  2.B　细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“Latin American farmers”定位到第三段。 根据第三段最后两句“Latin American farmers are rushing to plant cocoa due to the higher prices...But the likelihood...is that by the time their new trees bear fruit, prices may be falling again.”可知,由于可可的价格上涨,拉丁美洲农民争相种植可可,放弃了其他作物,并在新的地区砍伐森林。但是,如果产量激增而制度不变,那么等到他们的新树结出果实时,价格可能会再次下跌。由此可知,如果拉丁美洲的农民大规模种植可可,最终可能导致价格再次下跌。故选B。  3.B　推理判断题。 根据题干中的关键词“free market approach”定位到第四段。 根据第四段第二、三句“Faced with global heating, increasing conflict and energy price instability, depending on the free market is a poor bet. Treating food issues as financial instruments hurts farmers, destroys forests and worsens the instability of supply.”可知,面对全球变暖、冲突加剧和能源价格不稳定,依靠自由市场是一个糟糕的做法。将粮食问题视为金融工具会伤害农民,破坏森林,加剧供应不稳定。由此可推知,作者很担心这种自由市场方式。故选B。  4.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“The solution in this case is a commitment to stable minimum prices for cocoa farmers and long-term contracts.”可知,在这种情况下,解决方案是承诺为可可种植者提供稳定的最低价格,并签订长期合同。由此可知,作者认为要解决这个问题,就要保证可可的价格稳定。故选D。 Passage 2 语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了时尚的不同标准,号召人们勇敢地颂扬多样化的美,表达了对未来的青少年能够摆脱压力,发展一个崇尚多元化特征的时尚产业的希望。 5.B　词义猜测题。根据上一句“When I was young, fashion was my world.”可知,作者年轻的时候,时尚就是她的世界,可以看出作者对时尚非常着迷,所以在书店应该是仔细阅读各类时尚杂志,了解关于时尚的信息。故选B。  6.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This idea is everywhere...where they deny themselves.”可知,这种想法无处不在,它伤害了人们,令人震惊的是,约91%的女性对自己的外表不满意,可悲的是,青少年成长在一个人们否定自己的社会中。所以说时尚界设立的美的标准致使多数女性对自己的外表不满意,导致了自我否定。故选 A。  7.D　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“True inclusivity goes beyond appearances. It requires diverse decision-makers, photographers, and casting directors to cooperate.”可知,真正的包容超越表象,需要不同的决策者、摄影师和选角导演的合作。由此可见,真正的包容要求多样化和合作。故选 D。  8.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“...developing a fashion industry celebrating diverse identities”可知,作者希望未来的青少年能够摆脱自己所面临的压力,发展一个崇尚多元化特征的时尚产业。由此可推知,作者有可能会赞同:时尚应该崇尚每个人的独特性。故选 C。  Ⅱ.七选五 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了现在人们感到孤独的原因以及孤独对我们的影响。 ①通读全文,把握文章大意和文章结构 ②通读选项,了解各选项的中心点,画出关键词 A.It's a very subjective experience.(这是一种非常主观的体验)  B.All of that is good on the one hand.(一方面,所有那些都是好的)   C.You may feel lost and may have low confidence.(你可能会感到迷茫,信心不足)   D.Stress coming from loneliness causes a physical breakdown.(孤独带来的压力会导致身体崩溃)  E.Since the 1950s, people have been less and less invested in other people.(自20世纪50年代以来,人们对他人投入的时间越来越少)   F.People go to faraway colleges and only get in touch with families on screens.(人们去遥远的大学,只在屏幕上与家人联系)   G.A good way is to find an activity around other people where you are comfortable.(一个好方法是找到一项你感到舒适的、有其他人参与的活动)  ③把选项一一代入文章空处,寻找每个题最适合的选项 1.A　空前内容(孤独是一种“我和别人的联系比我想要的少”的感觉)介绍了孤独的概念。A项“这是一种非常主观的体验”是对孤独的进一步说明,符合语境。其中It指代上文的 Loneliness,subjective与上文I want to be对应。故选A。  2.E　根据空后(在一些研究中,多达60%的人会说他们大部分时间都感到孤独)可知此处说很多人会感到孤独。E项“自20世纪50年代以来,人们对他人投入的时间越来越少”与下句构成因果关系,即沟通少导致很多人的孤独,符合语境。故选E。选项中的been less and less invested和后句中的feel lonely是因果关系。  3.B　空格前一段中的(我们已经成为一个流动性很强的社会。在这个社会里,随着人们为了工作和教育等其他类型的机会而迁移,家人和朋友构成的关系网变得松散)说明了社会流动性强,人们为了工作和教育等而迁移。空格后(然而,随后它却将我们从我们出生的社区以及我们花费人生的大部分时光去营造的社区中硬生生地剥离)说明这种现象导致的问题。因此,此处是一个过渡句。B项“一方面,那一切都很好”承接上文,也与后文形成转折关系,符合语境。故选B。 4.D　由空格前句(研究发现孤独对我们的健康是有危害的)可知此处说孤独会危害健康。D项“孤独带来的压力会导致身体崩溃”具体说明孤独对身体的危害,承接上文,符合语境。故选D。D项中的a physical breakdown与上文is dangerous to our health对应。  5.G　由空格前句(我们可以做出的选择是在我们与他人的关系中投入时间,以保持我们的健康)可知此处介绍解决方法。G项“一个好方法是找到一项你感到舒适的、有其他人参与的活动”提出改善我们与他人的关系的具体建议,有承上作用,符合语境。故选G。G项中的to find an activity around other people where you are comfortable和 to invest in our relationships with other people呼应。  Ⅲ.完形填空 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了作者通过儿子的俚语了解其一代人如何看待世界,以及俚语如何拉近两代人的距离的故事。 1.C　根据前文“My son just completed high school and when he leaves for college in the fall”以及常识可知,儿子离家去上大学,作者会想念儿子教给她的青少年俚语的课。teach教;prepare准备;miss想念;attend参加。故选C。 2.A　句意:他的俚语为我提供了一个偶然但有用的描述,展示了他和他们那一代人是如何看待这个世界的。根据后文“the world”可知,此处指他和他们那一代人是如何看待这个世界的。see看待,认为;change改变;impact产生影响;shape塑造。故选A。 3.B　 根据空前“From one generation to the next, the terms changed, but the”和空后“New words were routinely 　4　 to express familiar concepts”可知,这些术语发生了变化,但基本含义没有变化(判断逻辑关系)。 user使用者;meaning含义;form形式;target目标。故选B。  4.D　 根据后文“to express familiar concepts”可知,新词汇通常被用来表达熟悉的概念。search搜索;define下定义;abuse滥用;adopt采用,采纳。故选D。 5.B　根据前文“New words were routinely 　4　 to express familiar concepts”可知,新词汇通常被用来表达熟悉的概念,即一代人的“cool”变成了另一代人的“dope”。 lead引导;become变成;cause导致;follow跟随。故选B。  6.D　 根据后文“the new and distinct reality they face”可知,他们那一代人创造这种语言是为了回应他们面对的新现实。date from追溯到;turn to转向;escape from逃离;respond to回应。故选D。 7.A　 根据后文“in my son's usage”可知,“Mid”是一个明显的例子。example例子;tool工具;exception例外;expression表达。故选A。 8.C　 根据前文“that are average or”及后文“below average”可知,此处指稍微低于平均水平(判断感情色彩)。unbelievably难以置信地;terribly糟糕地;slightly稍微;unreasonably不合理地。故选C。 9.D　 根据前文“Things that are mid are things that are average or 　8　 below average.”可知,“mid”所形容的事物是普通的或者低于平均水平的,由此可知这个词描述的是令人失望的世界(判断感情色彩)。thrilling令人激动的;excellent极好的;indifferent漠不关心的;disappointing令人失望的。故选D。  10.B　根据前文“often used as a term of agreement”和后文“a debatable opinion”可知当有人陈述一个有争议的观点时,“based”经常被用作表示同意的术语。seek寻找;state陈述;exchange交换;analyze分析。故选B。 11.C　根据后文“who gave me a chance to 　12　 the language of his generation”可知,作者对儿子提供的机会感到感激(判断感情色彩)。helpful有帮助的;familiar熟悉的;grateful感激的;sensitive敏感的。故选C。  12.B　根据后文“the language of his generation”可知,此处指接近和了解儿子他们那一代的语言。compare比较;approach接近;assess评估;imitate模仿。故选B。 13.D　 根据前文“One purpose of slang is to demonstrate generational”和后文“yet slang has brought my son and me closer”可知,此处指俚语本来是用来展示两代人之间的差异的,却使作者和其儿子更亲密。ability能力;dream梦想;shortcoming缺点;distinction差异。故选D。 14.A　 根据前文“teenage slang”和“The kids themselves are bright.”及后文“created slang”可知,创造俚语的是青少年(词汇复现)。teenager青少年;children儿童;adult成年人;senior老年人。故选A。 15.C　根据前文“created slang”可知,青少年创造了俚语,说明他们更有创新性。realistic现实的;considerate体贴的;innovative创新的;energetic精力充沛的。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 密 ○ 封 ○ 装 ○ 订 ○ 线 密 ○ 封 ○ 装 ○ 订 ○ 线 密 封 线 内 不 要 答 题 限时训练3 限时40分钟 Ⅰ　阅读理解 Passage 1 “When I was young, I told my mother that I would go to China to learn kung fu one day. She didn't believe it. When I got there, I immediately called her and said, ‘Mom, guess where I am. I'm at the Shaolin Temple!’,” says Max Yollando, a young man from Côte d'Ivoire. Yollando is also known as Yanming, given by his teacher at the Shaolin Temple, the Buddhist monastery where the classic “Shaolin kung fu” was born, and which today is a magnet for fans from all over the world, especially more young people who attempt to join the order. At the time, Yollando was a student at Felix Houphouet-Boigny University in Abidjan. Motivated by his passion for Chinese culture, he enrolled at the Confucius Institute to study Chinese. In late 2016, he had the opportunity to visit the temple in Henan province on a three-month exchange. This experience defined his engagement with traditional Chinese culture. “I couldn't wait to learn. The spirit of martial arts deeply impressed me,” he says. After returning to Côte d'Ivoire, Yanming continued to practice Chinese and study traditional culture. In July 2017, he returned to the Shaolin Temple and remained there for six years. He says the most impressive things he noticed that are rooted in Chinese culture are the love of work, respect, and recognition. “Coming to China to study made me more disciplined and hardworking. Before, I was a little lazy, but the Shaolin Temple taught me to be punctual, respectful, and grateful. I learned to rise to the occasion and update my daily routine,” he adds. At the end of 2022, when he completed his studies at the temple, he began working at a Shaolin cultural center in Zambia, which is home to 30 orphans. They are taught traditional Chinese culture, including kung fu, as part of the curriculum. For Yollando, the purpose of studying Chinese culture was to assume the responsibility of returning to Africa to introduce Chinese values to his countrymen. 1.What can we know from the first paragraph? A.Yollando's mother supported his dream. B.Yollando's mother gave him a Chinese name. C.Yollando was born in the Shaolin Temple. D.The Shaolin Temple is now popular among foreigners. 2.What motivated Max Yollando to study Chinese culture initially? A.His mother's disbelief.　　　B.A scholarship opportunity. C.His passion for Chinese culture.　　　D.His classmates' influence. 3.Which aspect of Chinese culture did Yollando find most impressive? A.The love of work and respect.　　　B.The architecture of temples. C.The variety of cuisines.　　　D.The history of dynasties. 4.What is the ultimate goal of Yollando's work at the Shaolin cultural center in Zambia? A.To spread Chinese values.　　　B.To teach martial arts to everyone. C.To become a master at kung fu.　　　D.To promote tourism to China. Passage 2 The Saint Lukas train doesn't accept passengers—it accepts only the sick. The Saint Lukas is one of five government-sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia. Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural(乡村的) populations with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions. “People started queuing to make an appointment early in the morning,” says Emile Ducke, a German photographer who traveled with the staff of the Saint Lukas for a two-week trip in November through the vast regions(区域) of Krasnoyarsk and Khakassia. Russia's public health care service has been in serious need of modernization. The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctor's appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk. The annual arrival of the Saint Lukas is another attempt to improve the situation. For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock(补给). Then it starts all over again the next month. Most stations wait about a year between visits. Doctors see up to 150 patients every day. The train's equipment allows for basic checkups. “I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned,” says Ducke. “They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want.” 5.How is the Saint Lukas different from other trains? A.It runs across countries.　　　B.It reserves seats for the seniors. C.It functions as a hospital.　　　D.It travels along a river. 6.What can we infer from paragraph 3 about Krasnoyarsk? A.It is heavily populated.　　　B.It offers training for doctors. C.It is a modern city.　　　D.It needs medical aid. 7.How long can the Saint Lukas work with one supply? A.About a year. B.About ten months. C.About two months. D.About two weeks. 8.What is Ducke's attitude toward the Saint Lukas' services? A.Appreciative.　　　B.Doubtful. C.Ambiguous.　　　D.Cautious. Ⅱ　完形填空 Last Christmas, I volunteered for WNWNB, a charity which takes surplus(剩余的) produce from the New Covent Garden Market and 　1　 it to the local community.   The food was already in containers. So we set up the stand and got ready to distribute some Christmas 　2　. At first, it was 　3　. People seemed a bit suspicious of taking food for free. But they gradually 　4　 us and we had a fun afternoon singing carols and trying to 　5　 passers-by to take our food.   It was then time to deliver meals to those who weren't able to come. This is 　6　 things changed for me. The first door I knocked on was 　7　 by a woman in her 30s. She had children and looked absolutely worn out. I told her I was from WNWNB and gave her the 　8　 meals. It was probably only about two days' worth of food but, the way she 　9　, I felt as if I were handing her gold.   I had similar responses to my next　10　. In some cases, when people were elderly or alone, I'd go into their homes and have a brief 　11　 before heading off. Many felt 　12　, but I saw how happy they were to have another adult human to 　13　.   As a local politician I knock on doors and talk to people a lot, but there was something deeper about those 　14　 on Christmas Day. I finished my day at WNWNB being a slightly different person from the one who 　15　.  1.A.distributes　　B.introduces　　C.sells　　D.exhibits 2.A.forgiveness　　B.images　　C.recipes　　D.cheer 3.A.easy　　B.nice　　C.slow　　D.safe 4.A.broke with　　B.put up with　　C.cut in on　　D.warmed to 5.A.threaten　　B.encourage　　C.allow　　D.command 6.A.why　　B.how　　C.where　　D.when 7.A.opened　　B.repaired　　C.cleaned　　D.guarded 8.A.costly　　B.unfinished　　C.deserted　　D.ready 9.A.declined　　B.reacted　　C.argued　　D.traded 10.A.purchases　　B.interviews　　C.deliveries 　　D.schedules 11.A.meal　　B.chat　　C.report　　D.silence 12.A.proud　　B.free　　C.lonely 　　D.content 13.A.connect with　　B.look after　　C.turn to 　　D.rely on 14.A.conversations　　B.budgets　　C.explanations　　D.deals 15.A.hesitated　　B.started　　C.ignored　　D.struggled Ⅲ　书面表达 假设你是校学生会主席李华,为了帮助英国交换生(exchange student)更好地了解中国文化和培养本国学生的文化意识,学生会将举办一个“中国节”活动。请你根据以下提示,用英语写一份通知。内容包括: 1.时间、地点; 2.活动内容。 注意: 1.写作词数应为80个左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  答案 限时训练3 Ⅰ.阅读理解 Passage 1 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。科特迪瓦的年轻人Max Yollando从小梦想去中国学习功夫,后来实现梦想在少林寺学习六年。他学成以后在赞比亚的文化中心教授功夫,传播中国传统文化。 1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“the Shaolin Temple...today is a magnet for fans from all over the world, especially more young people who attempt to join the order”可知,如今,少林寺吸引着来自世界各地的爱好者,尤其是更多试图加入少林寺的年轻人,由此可知少林寺现在很受外国人的欢迎。故选D。  2.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Motivated by his passion for Chinese culture, he enrolled at the Confucius Institute to study Chinese.”以及“This experience defined his engagement with traditional Chinese culture.”可知,出于对中国文化的热爱,他进入孔子学院学习中文,这段经历决定了他与中国传统文化的紧密联系,由此可知,Yollando的动力来源于对中国文化的热情。故选C。  3.A　细节理解题。 根据题干中的关键词“find most impressive”定位到第三段。 根据第三段中的“He says the most impressive things he noticed that are rooted in Chinese culture are the love of work, respect, and recognition.”可知,他注意到根植于中国文化的最令人印象深刻的东西是热爱工作、尊重和认可。由此可知,Yollando 提到中国文化令人印象最深刻的方面是热爱工作、尊重和认可。故选A。  4.A　细节理解题。 根据题干中的关键词“at the Shaolin cultural center in Zambia”定位到第四段。 根据第四段中的“For Yollando, the purpose of studying Chinese culture was to assume the responsibility of returning to Africa to introduce Chinese values to his countrymen.”可知,Yollando学习中国文化的目的是承担起回到非洲向他的同胞介绍中国价值观的责任,即传播中国价值观。故选A。  Passage 2 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了圣卢卡斯医疗列车为俄罗斯偏远地区提供医疗服务。 5.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...it accepts only the sick. The Saint Lukas is one of five government-sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia.”可知,圣卢卡斯火车不接受乘客,只接收病人,并为乡村人口提供基本的医疗服务。因此,它的功能类似于医院,故选C。  6.D　 推理判断题。根据第三段“Russia's public health care service has been in serious need of modernization...particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River...like Krasnoyarsk.”可知,俄罗斯政府在贫困的农村地区,如伏尔加河以东的克拉斯诺亚尔斯克,采取了一些措施来解决公共医疗服务现代化的问题,包括视频预约医生和扩展财政援助项目以激励医生在偏远地区行医。这表明克拉斯诺亚尔斯克需要医疗援助,故选D。  7.D　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock.”可知,圣卢卡斯火车每次补给可以持续大约两周的工作,故选D。  8.A　 推理判断题。由第五段Ducke的话“I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned... They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want.”可知,Ducke对医生和助手们在狭小的空间工作和生活仍能保持专注和关切印象深刻,他认为这是许多农村居民获得所需治疗的最佳机会。由此可推知,Ducke对圣卢卡斯火车提供的服务表示赞赏,故选A。  Ⅱ.完形填空 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者为慈善机构WNWNB做志愿者,向当地社区分发市场剩余的农产品,在分发的过程中,作者和人们交谈,领会到更深层次的东西。 1.A　根据下文“So we set up the stand and got ready to distribute some Christmas 　2　.”可知,此处表示将剩余的农产品分发给当地社区。 distribute分发;introduce介绍;sell出售;exhibit展览。故选A。  2.D　根据上文“a charity which takes surplus produce from the New Covent Garden Market and 　1　 it to the local community”和“So we set up the stand and got ready to distribute some Christmas”可知,此处表示作者摆好摊位,准备将食物分发给当地社区的人们,为人们带去一些圣诞节的快乐。forgiveness宽恕;image图像;recipe食谱;cheer欢乐的气氛。故选D。  3.C　根据下文“People seemed a bit suspicious of taking food for free.”可知,人们似乎有些怀疑能免费领食物,所以开始分发的速度很慢。easy容易的;nice漂亮的;slow慢的;safe安全的。故选C。 4.D　根据下文“and we had a fun afternoon singing carols and trying to 　5　 passers-by to take our food”和语境可知,渐渐地,人们对作者等人开始有好感。break with与……解除关系;put up with忍受;cut in on打断;warm to对……开始有好感。故选D。  5.B　根据上文“People seemed a bit suspicious...we had a fun afternoon singing carols and trying to”和语境可知,此处指鼓励更多的人来领食物。threaten威胁;encourage鼓励;allow允许;command命令。故选B。 6.D　根据上文“It was then time to deliver meals to those who weren't able to come.”和语境可知,此处表示在作者给那些不能来的人送餐的时候,事情发生了变化。故选D。 7.A　根据上文“The first door I knocked on”可知,作者敲门后,一位30多岁的女士打开门。open打开;repair修复;clean清洁;guard保卫。故选A。 8.D　根据上文“The food was already in containers.”和“It was then time to deliver meals to those who weren't able to come.”可知,食物已经被装在容器里了,此处表示作者送去准备好的饭菜。 costly昂贵的;unfinished未完成的;deserted被遗弃的;ready准备好的。故选D。 9.B　根据下文“I felt as if I were handing her gold”和语境可知,这位女士的反应使得作者觉得自己好像在给她金子。 decline拒绝;react反应;argue争辩;trade交易。故选B。 10.C　根据上文“It was then time to deliver meals to those who weren't able to come.”和语境可知,作者要给不能来的人送食物,此处表示给那位女士送完之后接下来的递送。 purchase购买;interview访谈;delivery递送;schedule时间表。故选C。 11.B　根据下文“As a local politician I knock on doors and talk to people a lot, but...on Christmas Day.”可推断,此处表示作者会走进老人或者独居的人的家里,和他们简短地聊天。meal餐;chat聊天;report报告;silence沉默。故选B。 12.C　根据上文“In some cases, when people were elderly or alone, I'd go into their homes and have a brief chat before heading off.”可知,本句中Many指代上文提及的老人和独居的人,结合常识可知,他们会感到孤独。proud骄傲的;free自由的;lonely孤独的;content满足的。故选C。 13.A　根据上文“In some cases...before heading off.”可知,作者会走进老人或者独居的人的家里,和他们简短地聊天,他们感觉很开心是因为他们可以和其他人产生联系。connect with与……联系,使有关系;look after照顾;turn to转向;rely on依靠。故选A。 14.A　根据上文“As a local politician I knock on doors and talk to people a lot”和语境可知,经常与人交谈的作者认为圣诞节这天的对话有更深层次的意义。conversation对话;budget预算;explanation解释;deal交易。故选A。 15.B　根据上文“As a local politician...on Christmas Day. I finished my day at WNWNB being a slightly different person from the one who”可知,作者在WNWNB做志愿者结束后,感受到了不同,所以此处表示现在的自己与开始的那个自己略微不同。hesitate犹豫;start开始;ignore忽略;struggle挣扎。故选B。 Ⅲ.书面表达 One possible version: Notice In order to make the exchange students have a better understanding of Chinese culture and develop everyone's cultural awareness, the Students' Union will organize a Chinese Festival on the afternoon of October 9th, which will be held in the school hall. Here are some relevant details about it.【点明主题,介绍时间、地点】  To begin with, various activities will be arranged to experience traditional Chinese culture, such as paper cutting, kung fu and Chinese calligraphy.(内容一) What's more, you will be welcome to enjoy the Peking Opera performed by our students.(内容二) 【具体活动内容】 Wish you would like the activities and join us.【期待参与】 The Students' Union 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $