精品解析：湖北省十堰市东风高级中学2023年自主招生考试英语试卷

东风高中2023年自主招生考试英语试题 注意事项： 1. 本卷共有8页，62小题，满分120分，考试时限100分钟。 2. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡指定的位置，并认真核对条形码上的准考证号和姓名，在答题卡规定的位置贴好条形码。 3. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔在指定位置填涂;非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔答题，不得使用铅笔或圆珠笔等笔做答。要求字体工整，笔迹清楚。请按照题目序号在答题卡对应的各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题卡区域的答案和在试卷、草稿纸上答题无效。 4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并上交。 第一部分 基础知识运用 (共三节，满分40分) 第一节：单项选择。(每小题1分，满分10分) 从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. It was such ______ unusual day for him, because after years of hard work his dream of entering ______ university finally came true. A. a, a B. a, an C. an, an D. an, a 2. During the past month, the coastal city of Jiangmen in Guangdong Province, welcomed a large number of tourists, most of ______ visited the city due to the TV series — The Knockout (狂飙). A. them B. who C. whom D. those 3. — You didn’t tell us why you were late for the meeting, ______? — ______. I think it is not necessary to explain. A. weren’t you; No B. did you; No C. did you; Yes D. didn’t you; No 4. ______ you are not a football fan, you are sure to be impressed by the stadium (体育馆) for Qatar World Cup 2022, which was constructed by the China Railway Construction Corporation. A. Only if B. Even if C. Now that D. As 5. Health experts stress (强调) that having a balanced diet ______ very important since teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition (营养). A. are B. has been C. have been D. is 6. ______! After serving as a backup member for 24 years, Chinese astronaut, Deng qingming’s dream finally came true. A. What inspiring news B. What an inspiring news C. How inspiring news D. How inspiring a news 7. English idioms are a way of adding color to the language. For example if you find something is very easy, you can say “______”. A. It is a deal B. It is a pleasure C. It is a piece of cake D. It is my treat 8. ______ is known to all, there is no such thing as a free lunch. Therefore, never expect success can come along without hard work. A. As B. That C. It D. When 9. Journey to the West is really an excellent book and I suggest you ______ it carefully. A. reading B. read C. to read D. must read 10. The number of people invited________ fifty, but a number of them________ absent for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were 第二节：短文填空。(每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In much of Asia, especially the “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, ___11___Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks. Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic,animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might ___12___(make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal ___13___(create) special designs. The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, ___14___(use) twigs(树枝) to remove it. Over time, as ___15___ population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which ___16___(gradual) turned into chopsticks. Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, ___17___ lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the ___18___(develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and being too ___19___(violence) for use at the table. Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat ____20____ their hands. 第三节：完形填空。(每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入短文空白处的最佳选项。 When Marco was a boy, he tried everything to get his father’s love and attention. He studied hard to get good ____21____ and tried to behave well. He was shy and shorter than the other boys. Besides, his father was ____22____ and had little time for him. Except for his ____23____ for housework after school, there was no communication. Marco felt very ____24____. One day, his maths teacher called him that some young teenagers were ____25____ a public speaking contest. She thought Marco should give it a ____26____. She firmly believed he could perform on stage like other kids. Feeling her strong trust, he agreed to ____27____ the contest. All winter, Marco took a bus to ____28____ twice a week in another city, where the competition would take place. He was taken by a strong ____29____ he never felt before. Finally, the big day arrived. His father, and yes, his maths teacher, were present. When he stepped onto the stage and began to speak, he felt ____30____ at home. He was funny, and acted very natural. He won! He noticed his father’s eyes were ____31____ — he was so proud. It was then that his father ____32____ he should pay more attention to the child. As the winner, Marco’s name was ____33____ in the local papers. He knew this was the ____34____ of his new life. It all happened because of a phone call, from one who ____35____ him. 21. A. gifts B. habits C. marks D. skills 22 A. lazy B. silent C. serious D. busy 23. A. suggestions B. promises C. comments D. orders 24. A. lonely B. surprised C. puzzled D. silly 25. A. thinking through B. signing up for C. backing down to D. worrying about 26. A. change B. focus C. try D. decision 27. A. enter B. continue C. organize D. quit 28. A. compete B. act C. practice D. work 29. A. pain B. energy C. dissatisfaction D. risk 30. A. totally B. actually C. partly D. usually 31. A. moving B. shining C. empty D. clear 32. A. agreed B. remembered C. imagined D. realized 33. A. shared B. published C. collected D. discussed 34. A. need B. meaning C. lesson D. start 35. A. depended on B. took in C. believed in D. listened to 第二部分 阅读理解 (共三节，满分40分) 第一节：阅读短文，根据其内容选择最佳选项。(每小题2分，满分20分) (A) Global News Around the World Raising money for Ukraine A group of 17 children teamed up to swim the width of the English Channel in less than an hour, and have collected more than £3,300 for people suffering from (遭受) the war in Ukraine. The children, aged between 6 and 15 years old, swam together at their local pool in Derbyshire, England, and completed a distance of 21 miles among them. ______ Yellowstone National Park in the US is marking its 150th anniversary (周年纪念日), and it has started a new program called the Inheritance Pass. It is accepting $1,500 donations in exchange for an annual entry pass which is also good for the donor’s children and grandchildren in 150 years. And the money raised through the sale of “Inheritance Passes” will be used to preserve (维护) the park for the next 150 years. Max’s second Big Camp-Out Max Woosey, 12, has spent more than 670 nights camping outside for charity. Through the challenge, he has braved howling winds and rain to raise £700,000 for a hospice (收容所) near his home in Devon, UK. Max is marking his second anniversary with a Big Camp-out, inviting young people to join in from their garden or to put up a tent in their living room to raise money for any charity they choose. 36. All the news above has something to do with ______. A. travel B. fundraising C. nature D. sports 37. Why did the children complete a 21-mile swim? A. To find out the width of the English Channel. B. To escape from Ukraine for a better living. C. To raise money for those who are suffering from the war. D. To develop their team spirit. 38. What would be a good heading (标题) for the second piece of news? A. An annual $1,500 donation. B. 150 years of Yellowstone National Park. C. How and when to get “Inheritance Passes”. D. Yellowstone offers a special entry pass. 39. The idea behind “Inheritance Passes” is to ______. A. help safeguard the park for the future B. leave the donor something as a memorial C. raise money for children in 150 years D. draw more people to pay a visit to the park 40. What can we learn about Max Woosey? A. Many young people are joining him for an outing. B. He often camps in a garden in bad weather. C. He hopes more people can show love and care to those in need. D. He started the challenge more than two years ago. (B) A Pathway to Meaning in Life When it comes to a meaningful life, we might think of love, happiness and health. A life filled with meaning is what most of us want for ourselves. Then, what makes a meaningful life? Many researchers agree that a meaningful life comes down to three factors: having long-term goals, believing that one’s life matters, and feeling that one’s life fits together and “makes sense”. But we believe there is more to consider. Sometimes life enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open to appreciating such experiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We call this experiential appreciation (EA). EA is about the person feeling connected to events and being able to appreciate the value within the connection. It shows the discovery of and admiration for life’s beauty. We recently set out to better understand EA in studies. We were interested in whether EA was also tied to general judgment of meaning in life. If so, it could be a factor for meaningfulness. In the first study, we had people rate their support for different methods of reducing stress. We found that people who managed stress by focusing on their appreciation for life’s beauty also reported experiencing life as highly meaningful. In the next study, we asked people to rate the degree to which they agreed with various statements, such as “I appreciate the beauty of life” and “I appreciate little things in life,” as well as other statements that related to the three factors and a general sense of meaning in life. Our results showed that the more people reported that they were “appreciating life” and its many experiences, the more they felt their life was valuable. In the following studies, we further looked at the connection between EA and meaningfulness. For example, we found that people who were asked to look back on the most meaningful event of the past week generally reported high EA in those moments. All the results proved our theory true. But putting it into practice can be difficult. Our fast-paced lifestyles fill the day with goals. We try to get the highest output both at work and in spare time. This focus on future outcomes makes it all too easy to miss what is happening right now. We should slow down and let life surprise us. 41. You were most probably in the EA condition when ________. A. you made a travel plan for the coming holiday B. you hurried to serve the customers in the store C. you practiced hard to become the best violinist D. you stopped to admire the roses by the roadside 42. What can we learn from the studies mentioned in the passage? A. Thinking back to the past weakens our sense of meaning. B. Enjoying small things can influence our attitude toward life. C. Proper stress management is the key to living a satisfying life. D Good judgment on beauty improves connections among people. 43. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A. It is easier for results-driven people to achieve success. B. We often turn a blind eye to the present moment. C. A fast-paced lifestyle helps us reach our goals. D. Future life will bring us many more surprises. 44. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To explain how to discover beauty in life. B. To discuss what the true meaning of life is. C. To introduce a new factor for a meaningful life. D. To compare different factors for meaningfulness. 阅读短文，根据其内容，补全下面表格每空不超过两个词。 Things adults should learn from kids Children can teach adults a lot. In other words, there are many things adults can learn from children. For example, kids tend to show love. Every action they do for parents, friends, pets, and people they like, is filled with love. They don’t think twice before loving, and they just love. So adults can learn this: the best way to receive love is to first give it. Unfortunately, most of us have developed the habit of questioning everything. We often try too hard with love, and connect it with weakness. Actually, the only way to experience love is to have the smallest expectations, and love your dear ones unconditionally (无条件地). Kids never hide feelings. They cry when they hurt themselves, and express displeasure when things don’t go their way. On the contrary, we adults always try to hide our feelings, and never express ourselves sincerely. We often feel happy for others with negative thoughts in our hearts. Crying or expressing oneself is what normal people do. Never hold back tears or happiness. If you want to cry, cry your eyes out, and if you are happy or pleased about something, don’t be afraid to show or share it. Kids are curious (好奇的) little beings, who always try to understand their surroundings by completely involving themselves in every task they do. They are eager for knowledge, and ask lots of questions every day. This curious nature guides their life, and often leads them to simple yet wonderful discoveries. Are adults as curious as kids? Well, most of us aren’t. Also, they no longer have the thirst for knowledge, and don’t even ask questions if they don’t understand something. Adults often forget that it isn’t talent or skill but our curiosity and a huge appetite for knowledge that makes us worthy. Kids live in the present, and give 100% to any task they are doing. They never worry about the future, and since they are so busy enjoying their present, life is great today. However, with a job, money, and relationships, it does get hard for an adult to enjoy life. The best thing to do here is to change oneself, and if that isn’t possible, we can live like a child. Just don’t be worried about the future, because it isn’t in your control. The only thing you can control is your present, so work hard toward it. As kids treat everyone equally, they make friends soon and also play a lot with them. Through playing, they make a lot of astonishing discoveries about their friends and surroundings. They also learn a lot about life, because they are out in the open and are playing with all their hearts. So how long has it been since you played outdoors for fun as an adult? Not some serious sporting event or activity, just kicking a ball, running in the park, or any other silly game! Playing doesn’t mean that you have to achieve a purpose. Sometimes, it is healthy to just have some fun. Paragraph outlines Main points Show love. ● Adults should learn to give love first before ____45____ love ● In order to experience love, adults should ____46____ less and love others unconditionally. Never hide emotions. ● Children aren’t afraid to display their emotions while adults always ____47____ their feelings. ● It’s normal to express oneself, so try to show or share your emotions, ____48____ you are happy or sad. Be curious ● Kids are curious and are ____49____ for knowledge, so they ask questions every day. ● Most adults don’t ask questions even if they don’t ____50____ something. ● Actually, our worth depends on our ____51____ and desire for knowledge. Live in the present. ● Kids live in the present happily, while adults have ____52____ in enjoying life with many things to consider. ● Change yourself, or enjoy your present without worrying about the future that can’t be ____53____. Play more. ● Children make ____54____ and learn a lot through playing. ● Adults should also play outdoors for fun just like kids. 第三节：阅读短文，根据其内容，从文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。(每小题2分，满分10分) Do you know the big rock experiment? You get a bucket (水桶) and fill it half full of small stones. You then try to put several big rocks in the bucket, on top of the small stones. ____55____. So you empty the bucket and start over. This time you put the big rocks in the bucket first, followed by the small stones. The small stones perfectly fill in the spaces around the big rocks. This time it all fits! ____56____ If you put the small stones in first the big rocks don’t all fit. But if you put the big rocks in first, everything fits, big rocks and small stones. Big rocks refer to your most important things. Small stones represent all the little everyday things that take up your time, such as housework, texting, and interruptions, etc. The moral (寓意) of the story? ____57____ During your weekly planning, arrange (安排) time for your big rocks by putting them in your calendar. For example, you might decide that the best time to get started on your history report is Tuesday night and the best time to call your grandma is Sunday afternoon. ____58____. It’s like making a reservation (预定). If your big rock such as “give out three compliments (赞美) each day this week” doesn’t have a specific time, write it somewhere in your planner where it can be seen. If you arrange time for your big rocks first, the other everyday activities will fit in as well. And if they don’t, who cares? ____59____. Take care of them next week. A. But they don’t all fit. B. Now make a plan of those times. C. Planning ahead each week will help you do more. D. You’d rather push aside small stones than big rocks. E. If you don’t schedule your big rocks first, they won’t get done. F. The difference is the order in which the big rocks and small stones were placed in the bucket. 第三部分：写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节：应用文写作 (满分15分) 60. 假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom在来信中提到对中国唐诗感兴趣，并请求你介绍一位你最喜欢的唐代诗人，请你给Tom回信，内容包括诗人简介以及你喜欢他的原因。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：唐诗Tang poem；诗人poet；唐朝the Tang Dynasty；喜爱；崇拜admire (v) ；爱国的patriotic；爱国主义patriotism；多产的productive Dear Tom, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Lihua 第二节 读后续写 (满分25分) 61. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段话，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数为80词左右。 No Time With a broad smile on her lips,15-year old Sirin rushed to her mom to show off her new painting. But mom raised her eyebrows with eyes wide open, and spoke in an impatient tone, “No time, baby. Right now I am busy with an important talk. Just wait for some time, OK?” Holding her oil painting, she frowned (皱眉), and then searched for her dad. “Dad, see what I have done,” Sirin announced aloud in a thrilling (令人激动的) voice. Her dad turned around while adjusting his tie, grinned (咧嘴笑) at her, and showed his thumbs up! Immediately, blowing her two cheeks, Sirin replied angrily, “Dad, you haven’t seen it yet.” He smiled at her saying, No time, baby. I will see it later.” He just patted her back lovingly, kissed her forehead, and rushed for his office. She was not a kid to be pleased with simple gesture or smile. She stood there for a few seconds, and then stormed off to her own bedroom. Hot air was blowing from her nostrils (鼻孔); her face turned into apple red. She threw the painting on the table, slammed (把……砰地关上) the door and threw herself on her bed. For dinner, Sirin deliberately (故意地) came late to join them. She kept silent and didn’t look at anyone, scratching (刮;挠) the table mat (垫子) with her nail. Her mom was puzzled at the unusual behavior. Suddenly, the morning incident (小事) clicked in her mind. Softly, she asked, “Honey, did I do anything wrong?” At this very moment, Sirin could no longer resist (抵抗;忍住) her anger. “Why is everybody so busy? You don’t care about me!” she screamed. Then she grabbed the painting on the table and tore it into two halves. Seeing the broken painting on the floor, Sirin couldn’t help crying bitterly. Speechless and numb with shock, mom threw her arms around Sirin, stroked her head and said, “Baby, I am sorry! I promise this won’t happen again.” Dad came over and picked up the painting without saying a word. When back from school the next day, Sirin was surprised to see her beautifully-decorated painting on the wall. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 东风高中2023年自主招生考试英语试题 注意事项： 1. 本卷共有8页，62小题，满分120分，考试时限100分钟。 2. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡指定的位置，并认真核对条形码上的准考证号和姓名，在答题卡规定的位置贴好条形码。 3. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔在指定位置填涂;非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔答题，不得使用铅笔或圆珠笔等笔做答。要求字体工整，笔迹清楚。请按照题目序号在答题卡对应的各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题卡区域的答案和在试卷、草稿纸上答题无效。 4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并上交。 第一部分 基础知识运用 (共三节，满分40分) 第一节：单项选择。(每小题1分，满分10分) 从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. It was such ______ unusual day for him, because after years of hard work his dream of entering ______ university finally came true. A. a, a B. a, an C. an, an D. an, a 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查冠词。句意：对于他来说，这一天是如此不同寻常，因为经过多年的不懈努力，他一直以来的大学梦终于实现了。第一空day为泛指，unusual是发音以元音音素开头的单词，故用an；第二空university为泛指，且是辅音音素开头的单词，故用a。故选D。 2. During the past month, the coastal city of Jiangmen in Guangdong Province, welcomed a large number of tourists, most of ______ visited the city due to the TV series — The Knockout (狂飙). A. them B. who C. whom D. those 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在过去的一个月里，广东省的沿海城市江门迎来了大量游客，其中大多数人是因为电视剧《狂飙》而来到这座城市的。“most of ______ visited the city due to the TV series-The Knockout (狂飙)”是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词tourists，指人，且关系词在从句中作most of的宾语，所以用关系代词whom。故选C。 3. — You didn’t tell us why you were late for the meeting, ______? — ______. I think it is not necessary to explain. A. weren’t you; No B. did you; No C. did you; Yes D. didn’t you; No 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查反义疑问句及其回答。句意：—— 你没有告诉我们你开会迟到的原因，是吗？—— 是的，我觉得没必要解释。第一空，反义疑问句遵循“前否后肯”原则，You didn’t tell us是否定形式，所以反义疑问句部分应该用肯定形式，即did you。第二空，根据I think it is not necessary to explain可知，回答者认为没有必要解释，这意味着他没有告诉对方为什么迟到，这是一个否定的事实，所以回答应该用No。故选B。 4. ______ you are not a football fan, you are sure to be impressed by the stadium (体育馆) for Qatar World Cup 2022, which was constructed by the China Railway Construction Corporation. A. Only if B. Even if C. Now that D. As 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：即使你不是足球迷，你也一定会对2022年卡塔尔世界杯的这座体育馆印象深刻，它是由中国铁建集团建造的。A. Only if只有当……（引导条件状语从句）；B. Even if即使、纵然（引导让步状语从句）；C. Now that既然、由于（引导原因状语从句）；D. As因为、当……时（可引导原因、时间等状语从句）。根据主从句的逻辑关系，“不是足球迷”和“对体育馆印象深刻”之间存在让步关系，因此Even if符合语境。故选B项。 5. Health experts stress (强调) that having a balanced diet ______ very important since teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition (营养). A. are B. has been C. have been D. is 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：健康专家强调，均衡饮食是非常重要的，因为青少年仍在发育，他们的身体需要大量营养。句中that引导的宾语从句中，主语是having a balanced diet，属于动名词短语作主语，谓语动词需要用单数形式，排除are和have been；结合语境可知，此处描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，has been是现在完成时，不符合语境。故选D项。 6. ______! After serving as a backup member for 24 years, Chinese astronaut, Deng qingming’s dream finally came true. A. What inspiring news B. What an inspiring news C. How inspiring news D. How inspiring a news 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查感叹句。句意：多么鼓舞人心的消息啊！在担任了24年的备份成员后，中国宇航员邓清明的梦想终于实现了。news是不可数名词，其感叹句结构为“What+形容词+不可数名词（+主语+谓语）!”或“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!”，所以此处应用What inspiring news来表达。故选A。 7. English idioms are a way of adding color to the language. For example if you find something is very easy, you can say “______”. A. It is a deal B. It is a pleasure C. It is a piece of cake D. It is my treat 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查英语习语辨析。句意：英语习语是为语言增添色彩的一种方式。例如，如果你发现某件事非常简单，你可以说“小菜一碟”。A. It is a deal一言为定；B. It is a pleasure不客气；C. It is a piece of cake小菜一碟（表示事情很容易）；D. It is my treat我请客。根据前文“if you find something is very easy”可知，it is a piece of cake这个习语契合语义。故选C项。 8. ______ is known to all, there is no such thing as a free lunch. Therefore, never expect success can come along without hard work. A. As B. That C. It D. When 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，天下没有免费的午餐。所以，切勿期望不付出努力就能获得成功。表示“众所周知”句型为as is known to all，as引导非限制性定语从句。故选A。 9. Journey to the West is really an excellent book and I suggest you ______ it carefully. A. reading B. read C. to read D. must read 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句和虚拟语气。句意：《西游记》真是一本很棒的书，我建议你认真阅读它。“suggest (建议)”后接宾语从句时，从句谓语是“(should)+动词原形”的虚拟语气结构。故选B。 10. The number of people invited________ fifty, but a number of them________ absent for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查主谓一致：句意：聚会上的人的数量是50人，但是很多人因为各种原因缺席了。主语The number of...的数量，谓语用单数，根据句意，用一般过去时，所以第一空填was；a number of许多，修饰可数名词的复数，谓语是复数，所以第二空填were。故选C。 第二节：短文填空。(每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In much of Asia, especially the “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, ___11___Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks. Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic,animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might ___12___(make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal ___13___(create) special designs. The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, ___14___(use) twigs(树枝) to remove it. Over time, as ___15___ population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which ___16___(gradual) turned into chopsticks. Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, ___17___ lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the ___18___(develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and being too ___19___(violence) for use at the table. Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat ____20____ their hands. 【答案】11. and 12. be made 13. to create 14. using 15. the##its 16. gradually 17. who 18. development 19. violent 20. with 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述筷子的使用传统和发展历史。 【11题详解】 考查连词。句意：在亚洲的大部分地区，尤其是中国、日本、韩国和越南的“饭碗”文化中，食物通常用筷子吃。分析句子结构和意思可知，Vietnam和China, Japan, Korea是并列关系，用并列连词and。故填and。 【12题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：真正优雅的筷子可能是由带有汉字的金银制成的。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词make和句子主语chopsticks是被动关系，前面有情态动词might，后面用动词原形。故填be made。 【13题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：技术工人还将各种硬木和金属结合起来创造特殊的设计。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要动词不定式作目的状语。故填to create。 【14题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：人们可能在大锅里烹饪食物，用树枝将其取出。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词use是句子主语People主动发出的动作，用现在分词形式，表示主动，作伴随状语。故填using。 【15题详解】 考查冠词或代词。句意：随着时间的推移，随着人口的增长，人们开始将食物切成小块，这样烹饪速度会更快。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里的population需要特指，用定冠词the修饰，或者用its，代替上文提到的Chinese。故填the/its。 【16题详解】 考查副词。句意：小块的食物可以很容易地用树枝吃，树枝逐渐变成筷子。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要用副词，修饰动词短语turned into，作状语。故填gradually。 【17题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：有人认为中国伟大的学者孔子大约生活在公元前551年至479年，影响了筷子的发展。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Confucius在从句中作主语，指人，用关系代词who引导。故填who。 【18题详解】 考查名词。句意：见第7题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词development，作宾语，为不可数名词。故填development。 【19题详解】 考查形容词。句意：孔子认为，刀会让人想起杀戮，而且太过暴力，不能在餐桌上使用。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要形容词，作表语。故填violent。 【20题详解】 考查介词。句意：例如，在印度，大多数人传统上用他们的手吃饭。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要介词with，意为“用”。故填with。 第三节：完形填空。(每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入短文空白处的最佳选项。 When Marco was a boy, he tried everything to get his father’s love and attention. He studied hard to get good ____21____ and tried to behave well. He was shy and shorter than the other boys. Besides, his father was ____22____ and had little time for him. Except for his ____23____ for housework after school, there was no communication. Marco felt very ____24____. One day, his maths teacher called him that some young teenagers were ____25____ a public speaking contest. She thought Marco should give it a ____26____. She firmly believed he could perform on stage like other kids. Feeling her strong trust, he agreed to ____27____ the contest. All winter, Marco took a bus to ____28____ twice a week in another city, where the competition would take place. He was taken by a strong ____29____ he never felt before. Finally, the big day arrived. His father, and yes, his maths teacher, were present. When he stepped onto the stage and began to speak, he felt ____30____ at home. He was funny, and acted very natural. He won! He noticed his father’s eyes were ____31____ — he was so proud. It was then that his father ____32____ he should pay more attention to the child. As the winner, Marco’s name was ____33____ in the local papers. He knew this was the ____34____ of his new life. It all happened because of a phone call, from one who ____35____ him. 21. A. gifts B. habits C. marks D. skills 22. A. lazy B. silent C. serious D. busy 23. A. suggestions B. promises C. comments D. orders 24. A. lonely B. surprised C. puzzled D. silly 25. A. thinking through B. signing up for C. backing down to D. worrying about 26. A. change B. focus C. try D. decision 27. A. enter B. continue C. organize D. quit 28. A. compete B. act C. practice D. work 29. A. pain B. energy C. dissatisfaction D. risk 30. A. totally B. actually C. partly D. usually 31. A. moving B. shining C. empty D. clear 32. A. agreed B. remembered C. imagined D. realized 33. A. shared B. published C. collected D. discussed 34. A. need B. meaning C. lesson D. start 35. A. depended on B. took in C. believed in D. listened to 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述性格内向的Marco在数学老师的鼓励和信任下参加演讲比赛，并最终获胜的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他努力学习以取得好成绩，并努力表现良好。A. gifts礼物；B. habits习惯；C. marks成绩；D. skills技巧。根据上文“When Marco was a boy, he tried everything to get his father’s love and attention.”以及句中的“He studied hard”可知，他努力学习是为了获得好成绩。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，他的父亲很忙，很少有时间陪他。A. lazy懒惰的；B. silent沉默的；C. serious严肃的；D. busy忙碌的。根据下文“had little time for him”可知，他父亲很少有时间陪他，说明爸爸很忙。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了放学后他要求做家务外，没有任何交流。A. suggestions建议；B. promises承诺；C. comments评论；D. orders要求。根据空后“for housework after school”可知，此处指父亲要求儿子放学后做家务。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Marco感到很孤独。A. lonely孤独的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. puzzled困惑的；D. silly愚蠢的，傻的。根据上文“had little time for him”及“there was no communication”可知，父亲忙碌得没有时间陪Marco，父子之间很少交流，Marco应是感到很孤独。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，他的数学老师打电话给他，说一些青少年正在报名参加一个公开演讲比赛。A. thinking through充分考虑；B. signing up for报名参加；C. going back to回到；D. worrying about担心。根据空后“a public speaking contest”以及下文“She thought Marco should give it a ___6___. She firmly believed he could perform on stage like other kids.”可知，数学老师他打电话说的是青少年报名参加演讲比赛的事情，鼓励他也去报名参加。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她认为Marco应该试一试。A. change改变；B. focus焦点；C. try尝试；D. decision决定。根据下文“She firmly believed he could perform on stage like other kids.”可知，数学老师相信他能像其他孩子一样在舞台上表演，此处指老师认为他应该试一试。give it a try意为“试一试，尝试”，符合语境。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Marco感受到了她的强烈信任，同意参加比赛。A. enter参加；B. continue继续；C. organise组织；D. quit放弃。根据上文“Feeling her strong trust”以及下一段中“When he stepped onto the stage and began to speak, he felt ___10___ at home. He was funny, and acted very natural. He won!”可知，Marco感受到了老师的信任，同意报名参加演讲比赛，并且最终赢得了比赛。enter the contest意为“参加比赛”，符合语境。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：整个冬天，他每周两次乘公共汽车去另一个城市练习，比赛将在那里举行。A. compete竞争；B. act行动；C. practise练习；D. work工作。根据句中“where the competition would take place”以及下文“Finally, the big day arrived.”可知，此处指比赛前Marco每周两次乘公共汽车去将举行演讲比赛的那个城市练习。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他被一种前所未有的强大力量所吸引。A. pain痛苦；B. energy力量；C. dissatisfaction不满意；D. risk风险。根据上文“She firmly believed he could perform on stage like other kids.”以及“All winter, Marco took a bus to __8__ twice a week in another city, where the competition would take place.”可知，老师很相信Marco的能力，老师的信任给他动力，整个冬天他进行着刻苦的练习，所以此处指他被一种前所未有的力量所吸引，积极刻苦为比赛做准备。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他走上舞台开始演讲时，他感到很自在。A. totally完全地；B. actually实际上；C. partly部分地；D. usually通常地，经常地。根据下文“He was funny, and acted very natural.”可知，Marco在舞台上完全放松下来，表现得非常自然，他感到很自在。feel totally at home“感到很自在，完全宾至如归”。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他注意到父亲的眼睛闪闪发光——他非常自豪。A. moving动人的；B. shining发光的；C. empty空的；D. clear清楚的。根据上文“He was funny, and acted very natural. He won!”以及下文“It was then that his father __12__ he should pay more attention to the child.”可知，Marco赢了，这一次他赢得了父亲对他的关注，让父亲意识到应该多关心他；因此，父亲这次看到儿子的优秀的表现感到非常自豪，眼睛闪闪发光。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，他的父亲意识到他应该多关心孩子。A. agreed同意；B. remembered记得；C. imagined想象；D. realized意识到。上文“Besides, his father was __2__ and had little time for him. Except for his __3___ for housework after school, there was no communication.”提到Marco的父亲非常忙碌，很少和Marco交流，此处指看到Marco的优异表现，他意识到自己应该多关心儿子。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为获胜者，Marco的名字被刊登在当地报纸上。A. shared分享；B. published刊登；C. collected收集；D. discussed讨论。结合空后“in the local papers”可知，此处指Marco获胜后名字被刊登在当地报纸上。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他知道这是他新生活的开始。A. need需要；B. meaning意义；C. lesson教训；D. start开始。根据上文“He was shy and shorter than the other boys. Besides, his father was __2__ and had little time for him.”以及“He was funny, and acted very natural. He won! He noticed his father’s eyes were __11___ — he was so proud. It was then that his father ___12___ he should pay more attention to the child.”可知，过去的Marco害羞内向，父亲因为忙也很少关注他，而参加这次演讲比赛并且获胜让他变得自信，父亲也意识到多关心他；结合空后“his new life”可知，这次获奖让Marco开始了新的生活。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这一切都是因为一个电话，一个相信他的人打来的。A. depended on依靠；B. took in接受；C. believed in相信；D. listened to听。由第二段中“One day, his maths teacher called him that some young teenagers were __5__ a public speaking contest. She thought Marco should give it a ___6___. She firmly believed he could perform on stage like other kids. Feeling her strong trust, he agreed to ___7___ the contest.”可知，Marco的数学老师打电话让Marco参加演讲比赛，由于Marco的数学老师的信任，Marco参加了比赛并获胜，所以这一切都源自相信他的数学老师的一个电话。故选C。 第二部分 阅读理解 (共三节，满分40分) 第一节：阅读短文，根据其内容选择最佳选项。(每小题2分，满分20分) (A) Global News Around the World Raising money for Ukraine A group of 17 children teamed up to swim the width of the English Channel in less than an hour, and have collected more than £3,300 for people suffering from (遭受) the war in Ukraine. The children, aged between 6 and 15 years old, swam together at their local pool in Derbyshire, England, and completed a distance of 21 miles among them. ______ Yellowstone National Park in the US is marking its 150th anniversary (周年纪念日), and it has started a new program called the Inheritance Pass. It is accepting $1,500 donations in exchange for an annual entry pass which is also good for the donor’s children and grandchildren in 150 years. And the money raised through the sale of “Inheritance Passes” will be used to preserve (维护) the park for the next 150 years. Max’s second Big Camp-Out Max Woosey, 12, has spent more than 670 nights camping outside for charity. Through the challenge, he has braved howling winds and rain to raise £700,000 for a hospice (收容所) near his home in Devon, UK. Max is marking his second anniversary with a Big Camp-out, inviting young people to join in from their garden or to put up a tent in their living room to raise money for any charity they choose. 36. All the news above has something to do with ______. A. travel B. fundraising C. nature D. sports 37. Why did the children complete a 21-mile swim? A. To find out the width of the English Channel. B. To escape from Ukraine for a better living. C. To raise money for those who are suffering from the war. D. To develop their team spirit. 38. What would be a good heading (标题) for the second piece of news? A. An annual $1,500 donation. B. 150 years of Yellowstone National Park. C. How and when to get “Inheritance Passes”. D. Yellowstone offers a special entry pass. 39. The idea behind “Inheritance Passes” is to ______. A. help safeguard the park for the future B. leave the donor something as a memorial C. raise money for children in 150 years D. draw more people to pay a visit to the park 40. What can we learn about Max Woosey? A. Many young people are joining him for an outing. B. He often camps in a garden in bad weather. C He hopes more people can show love and care to those in need. D. He started the challenge more than two years ago. 【答案】36. B 37. C 38. D 39. A 40. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章是三则与筹款相关的新闻：儿童游泳为乌克兰战争受害者筹款，黄石公园推传承通行证筹资护园，少年露营为收容所募款。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一部分“A group of 17 children teamed up to swim the width of the English Channel in less than an hour, and have collected more than £3,300 for people suffering from (遭受) the war in Ukraine.(17名孩子组队在不到一小时内游过了英吉利海峡的全程，并为遭受乌克兰战争之苦的人们募集到了超过3300英镑的善款)”；第二部分“It is accepting $1,500 donations in exchange for an annual entry pass which is also good for the donor’s children and grandchildren in 150 years.(该公园接受1500美元的捐款，作为换取每年一次入园通行证的交换条件。此通行证在150年后仍可供捐赠者的子女和孙辈使用)”；第三部分“Through the challenge, he has braved howling winds and rain to raise £700,000 for a hospice (收容所) near his home in Devon, UK.(通过这次挑战，他顶着狂风暴雨，筹集到了70万英镑，用于资助他家乡德文郡附近的一家临终关怀医院)”可知，以上所有的新闻都与资金筹集有关。故选B。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一部分“A group of 17 children teamed up to swim the width of the English Channel in less than an hour, and have collected more than £3,300 for people suffering from (遭受) the war in Ukraine.(17名孩子组队在不到一小时内游过了英吉利海峡的全程，并为遭受乌克兰战争之苦的人们募集到了超过3300英镑的善款)”可知，孩子们完成21英里的游泳比赛是为了为那些遭受战争之苦的人筹集资金。故选C。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二部分“Yellowstone National Park in the US is marking its 150th anniversary (周年纪念日), and it has started a new program called the Inheritance Pass. It is accepting $1,500 donations in exchange for an annual entry pass which is also good for the donor’s children and grandchildren in 150 years. And the money raised through the sale of “Inheritance Passes” will be used to preserve (维护) the park for the next 150 years. (美国的黄石国家公园正在庆祝其成立150周年，并推出了一个名为“遗产通行证”的新项目。该公园接受1500美元的捐款，作为换取全年入园通行证的交换条件。此通行证在150年后仍可供捐赠者的子女和孙辈使用。通过“遗产通行证”销售所得的资金将用于在未来150年内保护该公园)”可知，第二篇新闻主要介绍黄石公园推出的Inheritance Pass，D选项“黄石公园的特别入场券”最符合。故选D。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二部分“And the money raised through the sale of “Inheritance Passes” will be used to preserve (维护) the park for the next 150 years.(通过出售“遗产通行证”所筹集的资金将用于在未来150年里维护这个公园)”可知，“遗产通行证”的理念有助于为未来保护好这片公园。故选A。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Max is marking his second anniversary with a Big Camp-out, inviting young people to join in from their garden or to put up a tent in their living room to raise money for any charity they choose.(马克斯正在举办他的第二个“大型露营活动”，邀请年轻人从自家花园出发，或者在客厅搭建帐篷，以此筹集资金用于他们所选择的任何慈善事业)”可知，马克斯·伍西希望更多的人能够向那些需要帮助的人传递关爱与关怀。故选C。 (B) A Pathway to Meaning in Life When it comes to a meaningful life, we might think of love, happiness and health. A life filled with meaning is what most of us want for ourselves. Then, what makes a meaningful life? Many researchers agree that a meaningful life comes down to three factors: having long-term goals, believing that one’s life matters, and feeling that one’s life fits together and “makes sense”. But we believe there is more to consider. Sometimes life enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open to appreciating such experiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We call this experiential appreciation (EA). EA is about the person feeling connected to events and being able to appreciate the value within the connection. It shows the discovery of and admiration for life’s beauty. We recently set out to better understand EA in studies. We were interested in whether EA was also tied to general judgment of meaning in life. If so, it could be a factor for meaningfulness. In the first study, we had people rate their support for different methods of reducing stress. We found that people who managed stress by focusing on their appreciation for life’s beauty also reported experiencing life as highly meaningful. In the next study, we asked people to rate the degree to which they agreed with various statements, such as “I appreciate the beauty of life” and “I appreciate little things in life,” as well as other statements that related to the three factors and a general sense of meaning in life. Our results showed that the more people reported that they were “appreciating life” and its many experiences, the more they felt their life was valuable. In the following studies, we further looked at the connection between EA and meaningfulness. For example, we found that people who were asked to look back on the most meaningful event of the past week generally reported high EA in those moments. All the results proved our theory true. But putting it into practice can be difficult. Our fast-paced lifestyles fill the day with goals. We try to get the highest output both at work and in spare time. This focus on future outcomes makes it all too easy to miss what is happening right now. We should slow down and let life surprise us. 41. You were most probably in the EA condition when ________. A. you made a travel plan for the coming holiday B. you hurried to serve the customers in the store C. you practiced hard to become the best violinist D. you stopped to admire the roses by the roadside 42. What can we learn from the studies mentioned in the passage? A. Thinking back to the past weakens our sense of meaning. B. Enjoying small things can influence our attitude toward life. C. Proper stress management is the key to living a satisfying life. D. Good judgment on beauty improves connections among people. 43. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A. It is easier for results-driven people to achieve success. B. We often turn a blind eye to the present moment. C. A fast-paced lifestyle helps us reach our goals. D. Future life will bring us many more surprises. 44. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To explain how to discover beauty in life. B. To discuss what the true meaning of life is. C. To introduce a new factor for a meaningful life. D. To compare different factors for meaningfulness. 【答案】41. D 42. B 43. B 44. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章提出了一个影响人生意义的新的因素，即体验式欣赏，并通过三个研究证明了该理论的正确性。 41题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“EA is about the person feeling connected to events and being able to appreciate the value within the connection. It shows the discovery of and admiration for life’s beauty.( EA是关于让人感受到与事件的联系，并能够欣赏这种联系中的价值。它显示了对生命之美的发现和赞美。)”可知，EA是指去欣赏生命之美，所以“你停下来欣赏路边的玫瑰”属于EA，故选D项。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第六段“Our results showed that the more people reported that they were “appreciating life” and its many experiences, the more they felt their life was valuable.( 我们的研究结果显示，人们越“感激生活”和生活中的许多经历，他们就越觉得自己的生活是有价值的。)”可知，学会欣赏生活中的小事，会影响我们对生活的态度。故选B项。 【43题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“We try to get the highest output both at work and in spare time. This focus on future outcomes makes it all too easy to miss what is happening right now.( 我们努力在工作和业余时间都获得最高的产出。这种对未来结果的关注很容易让人忽略当下正在发生的事情。)”可知，我们常常会对当下视而不见。故选B项。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“But we believe there is more to consider. Sometimes life enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open to appreciating such experiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We call this experiential appreciation.(但我们认为还有更多的问题需要考虑。有时候，生活能让我们体验到美好的瞬间。当人们乐于欣赏这样的经历时，这些时刻可能会改善他们对自己生活的看法。我们称之为体验式欣赏。)”可知，此处提出了一个影响人生意义的新的因素，且作者在下文用三个研究证明了该理论。所以作者写这篇文章的目的是向读者介绍这一新的影响因素。故选C项。 阅读短文，根据其内容，补全下面表格每空不超过两个词。 Things adults should learn from kids Children can teach adults a lot. In other words, there are many things adults can learn from children. For example, kids tend to show love. Every action they do for parents, friends, pets, and people they like, is filled with love. They don’t think twice before loving, and they just love. So adults can learn this: the best way to receive love is to first give it. Unfortunately, most of us have developed the habit of questioning everything. We often try too hard with love, and connect it with weakness. Actually, the only way to experience love is to have the smallest expectations, and love your dear ones unconditionally (无条件地). Kids never hide feelings. They cry when they hurt themselves, and express displeasure when things don’t go their way. On the contrary, we adults always try to hide our feelings, and never express ourselves sincerely. We often feel happy for others with negative thoughts in our hearts. Crying or expressing oneself is what normal people do. Never hold back tears or happiness. If you want to cry, cry your eyes out, and if you are happy or pleased about something, don’t be afraid to show or share it. Kids are curious (好奇的) little beings, who always try to understand their surroundings by completely involving themselves in every task they do. They are eager for knowledge, and ask lots of questions every day. This curious nature guides their life, and often leads them to simple yet wonderful discoveries. Are adults as curious as kids? Well, most of us aren’t. Also, they no longer have the thirst for knowledge, and don’t even ask questions if they don’t understand something. Adults often forget that it isn’t talent or skill but our curiosity and a huge appetite for knowledge that makes us worthy. Kids live in the present, and give 100% to any task they are doing. They never worry about the future, and since they are so busy enjoying their present, life is great today. However, with a job, money, and relationships, it does get hard for an adult to enjoy life. The best thing to do here is to change oneself, and if that isn’t possible, we can live like a child. Just don’t be worried about the future, because it isn’t in your control. The only thing you can control is your present, so work hard toward it. As kids treat everyone equally, they make friends soon and also play a lot with them. Through playing, they make a lot of astonishing discoveries about their friends and surroundings. They also learn a lot about life, because they are out in the open and are playing with all their hearts. So how long has it been since you played outdoors for fun as an adult? Not some serious sporting event or activity, just kicking a ball, running in the park, or any other silly game! Playing doesn’t mean that you have to achieve a purpose. Sometimes, it is healthy to just have some fun. Paragraph outlines Main points Show love. ● Adults should learn to give love first before ____45____ love. ● In order to experience love, adults should ____46____ less and love others unconditionally. Never hide emotions. ● Children aren’t afraid to display their emotions while adults always ____47____ their feelings. ● It’s normal to express oneself, so try to show or share your emotions, ____48____ you are happy or sad. Be curious ● Kids are curious and are ____49____ for knowledge, so they ask questions every day. ● Most adults don’t ask questions even if they don’t ____50____ something. ● Actually, our worth depends on our ____51____ and desire for knowledge. Live in the present. ● Kids live in the present happily, while adults have ____52____ in enjoying life with many things to consider. ● Change yourself, or enjoy your present without worrying about the future that can’t be ____53____. Play more. ● Children make ____54____ and learn a lot through playing. ● Adults should also play outdoors for fun just like kids. 【答案】45. receiving 46. expect 47. hide 48. whether 49. eager/dying/thirsty 50. understand 51. curiosity 52. difficulty/problem/trouble 53. controlled 54. discoveries 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了成年人应从孩子身上学习的五点内容，包括付出爱、不隐藏情绪、保持好奇、活在当下和多玩耍。 45题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段“So adults can learn this: the best way to receive love is to first give it.(所以成年人可以学到这一点：接受爱的最好方式是先付出爱)”可知，成年人应先学会付出爱再接受爱，before后接动名词形式receiving作宾语。故填receiving。 【46题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段“Actually, the only way to experience love is to have the smallest expectations, and love your dear ones unconditionally (无条件地). (实际上，体验爱的唯一方式是抱有最小的期望，无条件地爱你的亲人)”可知，成年人应减少期待并无条件爱人，情态动词should后接动词原形形式expect。故填expect。 【47题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段“On the contrary, we adults always try to hide our feelings, and never express ourselves sincerely. (相反，我们成年人总是试图掩饰自己的感情，从不真诚地表达自己)”可知，儿童不惧表达情感而成人常隐藏情绪，从句主语是adults，谓语动词使用原形形式hide。故填hide。 【48题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段“If you want to cry, cry your eyes out, and if you are happy or pleased about something, don’t be afraid to show or share it. (如果你想哭，就尽情地哭出来；如果你对某事感到高兴或满意，不要害怕表达或分享)”可知，无论开心与否都应坦诚表达，“是否”使用whether。故填whether。 【49题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段“They are eager for knowledge, and ask lots of questions every day. (他们渴望知识，每天问很多问题)”可知，儿童对知识极度渴求并每日提问，“渴望的”可使用形容词eager/dying/thirsty，作表语。故填eager/dying/thirsty。 【50题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段“Also, they no longer have the thirst for knowledge, and don’t even ask questions if they don’t understand something. (此外，他们不再对知识充满渴望，如果遇到不懂的问题甚至不会去问)”可知，多数成人不理解时也从不提问，故填understand。 【51题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段“Adults often forget that it isn’t talent or skill but our curiosity and a huge appetite for knowledge that makes us worthy. (成年人常常忘记，不是天赋或技能，而是我们的好奇心和对知识的巨大渴望，才让我们变得有价值)”可知，人的价值取决于好奇心与求知欲，故填curiosity。 【52题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第四段“However, with a job, money, and relationships, it does get hard for an adult to enjoy life. (然而，有了工作、金钱和人际关系，成年人确实很难享受生活)”可知，成人因诸多顾虑难以享受生活，have difficulty/problem/trouble in表示“做……有困难”。故填difficulty/problem/trouble。 【53题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第四段“Just don’t be worried about the future, because it isn’t in your control. (只是不要担心未来，因为未来并不在你的掌控之中)”可知，未来不可控故应专注当下，动词使用过去分词形式controlled，与空前的can’t be构成含有情态动词的被动语态。故填controlled。 【54题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第五段“Through playing, they make a lot of astonishing discoveries about their friends and surroundings. (通过玩耍，他们能对朋友和周围环境有惊人的发现)”可知，儿童通过玩耍获得诸多惊人发现，故填discoveries。 第三节：阅读短文，根据其内容，从文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。(每小题2分，满分10分) Do you know the big rock experiment? You get a bucket (水桶) and fill it half full of small stones. You then try to put several big rocks in the bucket, on top of the small stones. ____55____. So you empty the bucket and start over. This time you put the big rocks in the bucket first, followed by the small stones. The small stones perfectly fill in the spaces around the big rocks. This time it all fits! ____56____ If you put the small stones in first, the big rocks don’t all fit. But if you put the big rocks in first, everything fits, big rocks and small stones. Big rocks refer to your most important things. Small stones represent all the little everyday things that take up your time, such as housework, texting, and interruptions, etc. The moral (寓意) of the story? ____57____ During your weekly planning, arrange (安排) time for your big rocks by putting them in your calendar. For example, you might decide that the best time to get started on your history report is Tuesday night and the best time to call your grandma is Sunday afternoon. ____58____. It’s like making a reservation (预定). If your big rock such as “give out three compliments (赞美) each day this week” doesn’t have a specific time, write it somewhere in your planner where it can be seen. If you arrange time for your big rocks first, the other everyday activities will fit in as well. And if they don’t, who cares? ____59____. Take care of them next week. A. But they don’t all fit. B. Now make a plan of those times. C. Planning ahead each week will help you do more. D. You’d rather push aside small stones than big rocks. E. If you don’t schedule your big rocks first, they won’t get done. F. The difference is the order in which the big rocks and small stones were placed in the bucket. 【答案】55. A 56. F 57. E 58. B 59. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要通过大石头实验所反映出的安排时间的重要性。 【55题详解】 根据下文“So you empty the bucket and start over. This time you put the big rocks in the bucket first, followed by the small stones. The small stones perfectly fill in the spaces around the big rocks. This time it all fits! (所以你清空桶，重新开始。这次你先把大石头放进桶里，然后是小石头。小石头完美地填满了大石头周围的空间。这次一切都合适了！)”可知，上文先放小石头再放大石头的方法不能让所有石头正好装得下。选项A“但它们不是所有的都正好合适装得下。”和下文意思一致。故选A。 【56题详解】 根据下文“If you put the small stones in first, the big rocks don’t all fit. But if you put the big rocks in first, everything fits, big rocks and small stones. (如果你先把小石子放进去，大石头就放不下了。但如果先把大石头放进去，那么大石头和小石子都能放得下)”可知，此处介绍的方法的区别就在于先放什么。选项F“不同之处在于大石头和小石头放在桶里的顺序。”和下文意思一致。故选F。 【57题详解】 根据上文“The moral (寓意) of the story? (这个故事的寓意是什么呢？)”可知，接下来要回答故事的寓意是什么。选项E“如果你不先安排好你的大石头，它们就不会完成。”和上文意思一致。故选E。 【58题详解】 根据上文“During your weekly planning, arrange (安排) time for your big rocks by putting them in your calendar. For example, you might decide that the best time to get started on your history report is Tuesday night and the best time to call your grandma is Sunday afternoon. (在你每周的计划中，安排时间把你的大石头放进你的日历。例如，你可能决定最好的时间开始你的历史报告是星期二晚上和最好的时间打电话给你的奶奶是星期天下午)”可知，作者建议人们要提前做好计划。选项B“现在，给那些时间做个计划。”和上文意思一致。故选B。 【59题详解】 根据下文“Take care of them next week. (下周一定要安排好)”可知，作者在这里建议人们要知道该如何安排。选项D“你宁愿推开小石头也不能推开大石头。”和下文意思一致。故选D。 第三部分：写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节：应用文写作 (满分15分) 60. 假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom在来信中提到对中国唐诗感兴趣，并请求你介绍一位你最喜欢的唐代诗人，请你给Tom回信，内容包括诗人简介以及你喜欢他的原因。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：唐诗Tang poem；诗人poet；唐朝the Tang Dynasty；喜爱；崇拜admire (v) ；爱国的patriotic；爱国主义patriotism；多产的productive Dear Tom, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Lihua 【答案】例文 Dear Tom, I’m glad to hear from you. I feel proud knowing that you are interested in Tang poems. As for my favorite poet, it must be DuFu. Born and living in the Tang Dynasty, DuFu is regarded as one of the greatest poets in Chinese history. He is quite productive and left about 1500 poems for us, most of which still enjoy great popularity today. I admire him much not only for his great poems but also for his patriotism which is reflected (反映) in most of his poems. I hope my introduction will be of help to you. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Lihua 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给美国朋友Tom回信，介绍一位自己最喜欢的唐代诗人，内容包括诗人简介以及喜欢他的原因。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：glad→delighted 关于；至于：as for → as to 多产的：productive→prolific 喜爱：admire→adore 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Born and living in the Tang Dynasty, DuFu is regarded as one of the greatest poets in Chinese history. 拓展句：DuFu, who was born and lived in the Tang Dynasty, is regarded as one of the greatest poets in Chinese history. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I admire him much not only for his great poems but also for his patriotism which is reflected in most of his poems.（运用了not only...but also...连接并列介词短语以及which引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】I hope my introduction will be of help to you.（运用了省略了引导that的宾语从句） 第二节 读后续写 (满分25分) 61. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段话，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数为80词左右。 No Time With a broad smile on her lips,15-year old Sirin rushed to her mom to show off her new painting. But mom raised her eyebrows with eyes wide open, and spoke in an impatient tone, “No time, baby. Right now I am busy with an important talk. Just wait for some time, OK?” Holding her oil painting, she frowned (皱眉), and then searched for her dad. “Dad, see what I have done,” Sirin announced aloud in a thrilling (令人激动的) voice. Her dad turned around while adjusting his tie, grinned (咧嘴笑) at her, and showed his thumbs up! Immediately, blowing her two cheeks, Sirin replied angrily, “Dad, you haven’t seen it yet.” He smiled at her saying, No time, baby. I will see it later.” He just patted her back lovingly, kissed her forehead, and rushed for his office. She was not a kid to be pleased with simple gesture or smile. She stood there for a few seconds, and then stormed off to her own bedroom. Hot air was blowing from her nostrils (鼻孔); her face turned into apple red. She threw the painting on the table, slammed (把……砰地关上) the door and threw herself on her bed. For dinner, Sirin deliberately (故意地) came late to join them. She kept silent and didn’t look at anyone, scratching (刮;挠) the table mat (垫子) with her nail. Her mom was puzzled at the unusual behavior. Suddenly, the morning incident (小事) clicked in her mind. Softly, she asked, “Honey, did I do anything wrong?” At this very moment, Sirin could no longer resist (抵抗;忍住) her anger. “Why is everybody so busy? You don’t care about me!” she screamed. Then she grabbed the painting on the table and tore it into two halves. Seeing the broken painting on the floor, Sirin couldn’t help crying bitterly. Speechless and numb with shock, mom threw her arms around Sirin, stroked her head and said, “Baby, I am sorry! I promise this won’t happen again.” Dad came over and picked up the painting without saying a word. When back from school the next day, Sirin was surprised to see her beautifully-decorated painting on the wall. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 When back from school the next day, Sirin was surprised to see her beautifully-decorated painting on the wall. Not only was it perfectly restored but also it was beautifully framed. Standing closer, Sirin found some words below the picture, “We are proud you, our little angel.” On seeing this, hardly could Sirin hold back her tears. She was deeply moved but at the same time she felt ashamed for what she had done the day before. That night, Sirin expressed her understanding and deep regret to her parents. The picture has been hung there since then, which serves as a reminder that understanding is of importance to a family. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述15岁的西琳兴奋地想向父母展示新画作，却先后被忙碌的父母以“没时间” 拒绝。她满心委屈，晚餐时闹脾气并撕碎画作，情绪彻底爆发。父母醒悟后致歉，将画作修复装裱并写下鼓励话语，西琳既感动又愧疚，这场风波也让一家人懂得了理解对家庭的重要性。 【详解】1.段落续写： 由首句内容“第二天回到学校后，西琳惊讶地发现墙上挂着一幅精心装饰画作。”可知，后文可描写父母醒悟后致歉，将画作修复装裱并写下鼓励话语，西琳既感动又愧疚，这场风波也让一家人懂得了理解对家庭的重要性。 2.续写线索：西琳看到墙上的画作——西琳感动——西琳愧疚——西琳表达歉意——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①看到：see/catch sight of ②表达：express/convey ③作为：serve as/work as 情绪类 ①后悔：regret/repentance ②感动：moved/touched 【点睛】[高分句型1] On seeing this, hardly could Sirin hold back her tears.（运用了动名词seeing作宾语和否定副词置于句首的部分倒装句） [高分句型2] The picture has been hung there since then, which serves as a reminder that understanding is of importance to a family.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句和that引导的同位语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $