Unit4 Meeting the muse Using language 导学案-2025-2026学年高中英语外研版选择性必修第一

该高中英语导学案聚焦不定式、动名词和过去分词作表语的用法及区别，通过例句观察引导学生识别表语形式，先明确表语定义及连系动词分类，再分模块解析各形式的特点、适用场景及对比辨析，构建从基础认知到深层理解的学习支架。 练习题设计梯度分明，涵盖单句填空、语篇应用及真题体验，助力学生提升语言运用能力。通过对比辨析培养思维品质，导学案结构引导自主探究，结合实例与总结提升学习能力，符合新课标核心素养要求。

Unit 4: - to do, -ing and -ed as predicative(导学案) 1. Now look at the sentences ,what forms can serve as predicative? 1. One of my biggest dreams had always been to see the painting Girl with a Pearl Earring, by the Dutch artist, Vermeer.( ） 2. Although my legs were tired from walking around the city, …（ ） 3. It was amazing to be standing in front of her at last!（ ） 2. What is predicative(表语)? 表语：是跟在连系动词be, look, taste,smell, sound, get, become等词之后的即为表语，用来说明主语的 状态的句子成分。 1. be动词 2. “五”起来(look; taste; smell; sound; feel) 3. 变与不变动词 变: get; become; turn; go; come; fall; grow... 不变: keep; stay; remain... 3.观察句子英语中可以作表语的常见成分有哪些？ 1. One way for him to find inspiration is turning to his children’s toys . 2. To listen to Tan's music is to experience a mix of Chinese musical traditions and Western influences. 3. Traveling is interesting but tiring.  4. Both he and I are satisfied with the result. 总结：_______________________________________________________________________________ 1.v-to do作表语: a. To do作表语时往往是具体的、一次性的动作，特别是将来的动作。 b. 通常主语是表示“目的、愿望、梦想、需求”等的名词 (aim/ goal/ step/dream/plan /purpose /wish)或what 引导的主语从句。 Eg. Our aim is _________________________. 我们的目标是帮助学生取得进步。 The purpose of the meeting is _________________. 这次会议的目的是制定一个新计划。 My wish is ___________________. 我的愿望是给自己买房。 The next step is _________________________. 下一阶段要把理论付诸实践。 What impresses me most is ________________. 让我印象最深的是欣赏美景。 2. to do 形式作表语的省略 a. What I want to do is __________ (get) some fresh water. b. What I need is __________ (make) them happy, not tired. 总结：_____________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 练一练 （1）The purpose of education is ______（develop）a fine personality in children. （2）My task is 　　　　 　（clean）the classroom this afternoon. （3）His wish is 　　　　 　（become） a linguist. （4）To be kind to the enemy is 　　　　 　（be）cruel to the people. （5）What I would suggest is 　　　　 　（put） off the meeting. （6）What squirrels can do is ______________ (store) all kinds of food before the winter comes. 完成句子 ① Your task today is . 你今天的任务是洗窗帘。 ② My purpose is_______________________________________.我的目标就是要爬到雪山的顶部。 ③ What I need is __________________________________. 我需要的是让他们快乐，而不是疲劳。 4. Our plan is _____________________for the peasants’ children. 我们的计划是给农民子弟成立一所中学。 5. The problem is _____________________. 问题是怎样才能准时到达哪儿。 2. V-ing作表语 a.动名词作表语时表示一般性、习惯性的动作或抽象的动作。 b. 通常主语是表示“身份、职业”等的名词，多数情况下主语与表语可以互换。 My job is teaching.=Teaching is my job. Our duty is serving the people. My hobby is playing basketball. 。 【点拨】:________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 单句语法填空 （1）His favourite hobby is_________________________ （fish） (2）Her duty now is washing, 　　　　 　（clean） and taking care of the children. （3）The disadvantage of the tool is _____________________（be）too large. 3. V-ed作表语 v-ed形式: 作表语时表示主语（人和事物）的被动关系或存在状态或情感情绪等。如 1. 门仍然锁着。 The door remained locked. 2. 我对你的故事很感兴趣。 I'm very interested in your story. 注意 ：V-ing 和 -ed 作表语 此类现在分词和过去分词已经具有明显的形容词特征，因此可以作为形容词用。 现在分词(-ing)作表语，表示主语的性质、特征，意为“令人……的” 过去分词(-ed)作表语，表示主语的状态，意为“感到……的” The influence of computer games is ___________（worry）. The sound of martial music is always _________ (inspire). All the fans are very ________(excite). It is obvious that the boy is ___________(interest) in this machine. 这类词常见的表达有： interesting 有趣的—interested 感兴趣的 delighting 令人高兴的—delighted 感到高兴的 disappointing 令人失望的—disappointed 感到失望的 encouraging 令人鼓舞的—encouraged 感到鼓舞的 pleasing 令人愉快的—pleased 感到愉快的 puzzling 令人费解的—puzzled 感到费解的 satisfying 令人满意的—satisfied 感到满意的 surprising 令人惊异的—surprised 感到惊异的 worrying 令人担心的—worried 感到担心的 注意事项： 区别1 : V-to do与V-ing作表语的区别 动词不定式作表语: ____________________________________________________________. 动词-ing形式作表语: ____________________________________________________________. Eg. His aim today is ____________ (climb) the hill. 他今天的目标是爬那座小山。 His favourite activity is __________ (climb) hills. 他最喜欢的活动是爬山。 区别2 : V-ing作表语和进行时态的区别 动词-ing形式作表语 : ______________________________________________________________. 动词的进行时态: ____________________________________________________________. Eg. His job is ______________(teach) the students to play the piano. 他的工作是教学生弹钢琴。(动词-ing形式作表语,表示习惯性的动作) He is _____________(teach)the students to play the piano. 他正在教学生弹钢琴。(进行时态) 区别3 : V-ed作表语和被动语态的区别 动词-ed形式作表语：相当于一个形容词,表示主语的性质或状态, 系动词既可以用be,也可以是其 他系动词(remain、keep、stay、seem、 sound等); 被动语态：就是表示一个具体的被动动作, 系动词往往是be, 也可以用get。 Eg. The window is _________(close). 窗户是关着的。(动词-ed形式作表语,表示主语的状态) The window was ___________(close) by Tom. 窗户是汤姆关上的。(被动语态) 总结： 句型结构：_____________________________________________________________________________________. 句型结构：_____________________________________________________________________________________. 句型结构：_____________________________________________________________________________________. 练一练：第一组 （1）The purpose of education is 　　　　 　（develop培养）a fine personality品性 in children. （2）My task is 　　　　 　（clean）the classroom this afternoon. （3）His wish is 　　　　 　（become） a linguist语言学家. （4）To be kind to the enemy is 　　　　 　（be）cruel to yourself. （5）My chief purpose is 　　　　 　（point）out the difficulties of the matter. （6）What I would suggest is 　　　　 　（put） off the meeting. （7）What he hoped was 　　　　 　（admit） into the university. （8）All that he could do was 　　　　 　（comfort） her. 练一练：第二组 ❶What you have to do is 　 　　　 (study) even harder to make preparations for your future.  ❷Her job is 　　　　 (keep) the lecture hall as clean as possible.  ❸You must be patient and persistent if you are 　　 　　 (succeed).  ❹She was 　 　　　 (disappoint) that she didn’t get the job she had applied for.  ❺One of her habits is 　　　　 (jog) in the park.  ❻She was 　　　　 (satisfy) that her efforts had finally paid off.  ❼The story he told is quite 　　　 　 (fascinate).  练一练：第三组 1) When we heard of it, we were deeply _______ (move). 2) His teaching aim of this class is _______ (train) the students' speaking ability. 3) Their job is _______ (make) wheelchairs for disabled people. 4) What he likes is _________ (watch) TV after supper. 5) Your idea is not only innovative but also __________ (inspire). 6) Richard felt _______ with their __________ service at the hotel. (satisfy) 7) The movie was _________. Rose was greatly _______. (move) 8) 我的工作是教你们英语 My job is ____________________________. 9) 我的任务是今天下午清洁教室。 My task is ___________________ this afternoon. 10) 我的梦想是考入重点大学。 My dream is __________________________. 练一练：第四组 (真题体验) 1.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)In cold weather,the structure stays　　_________　 (close) to protect the plants.  2.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu,who is 　　　　 (know) as “the Shakespeare of Asia”,add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon,William Shakespeare’s hometown.  3.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)...visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often____________(amaze) to find the connection between the two great writers.  练一练：第五组 (句子语法填空) 1.I have had many dreams since I was a child.Now my dream is 　　　　 (be) a doctor.  2.One of the ways to improve your spoken English is 　 　　　(practise) it for half an hour every morning.  3.I quickly lower myself,ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes,so he doesn’t feel 　 　　　 (challenge).  4.When I saw him not coming home so late,I started to get 　　____ 　 (worry).  5.The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain　　__　　 (seat) as the plane was making a landing.  6. It is said that listening to music makes a person feel　　__　　 (pleasure) when he/she is tired.  7.One of the important missions for contemporary students is_________________(help) more people understand our country and its culture.  8.When you attend an interview,what you need to do is 　　　　 (take) it easy and keep a positive state of mind.  9.The students were 　 　　　 (exhaust) after participating in the long-distance race.  10.The outdoor adventure activity sounds 　　　　 (thrill) for the kids.  练一练：第五组 (语篇填空) Last Saturday,our class went on a trip to the local museum.The moment we arrived,we were 1.　　　 　 (excite) to explore the various exhibitions.Walking through the ancient art section, we were 2.　　 　　 (astonish) at the fascinating treasures.Some students were 3.　　 　(interest) in taking notes of the historical facts, finding it helpful for their studies.Then,we watched a documentary in the small theatre. The story was so 4.　　　 　 (move) that most of us were deeply 5.　　 　　 (touch).After that,we were given the chance to try some traditional crafts,which was really 6.________　　　　 (engage).At the end of the day,although we were 7.____________(tire),we all felt 8.　　____　　 (satisfy) with what we had experienced.  详解答案如下： Unit 4: - to do, -ing and -ed as predicative(导学案答案) 1. Now look at the sentences ,what forms can serve as predicative? 1. One of my biggest dreams had always been to see the painting Girl with a Pearl Earring, by the Dutch artist, Vermeer.( 不定式作表语 ） 2. Although my legs were tired from walking around the city, …（ V-ed 作表语 ） 3. It was amazing to be standing in front of her at last!（ V-ing作表语 ） 2. What is predicative(表语)? 表语：是跟在连系动词be, look, taste,smell, sound, get, become等词之后的即为表语，用来说明主语的 状态的句子成分。 1. be动词 2. “五”起来(look; taste; smell; sound; feel) 3. 变与不变动词 变: get; become; turn; go; come; fall; grow... 不变: keep; stay; remain... 3.观察句子英语中可以作表语的常见成分有哪些？ 1. One way for him to find inspiration is turning to his children’s toys . 2. To listen to Tan's music is to experience a mix of Chinese musical traditions and Western influences. 3. Traveling is interesting but tiring.  4. Both he and I are satisfied with the result. 总结：__名词、形容词、动词ing动词不定式、过去分词等都可用作表语。 1.v-to do作表语: a. To do作表语时往往是具体的、一次性的动作，特别是将来的动作。 b. 通常主语是表示“目的、愿望、梦想、需求”等的名词 (aim/ goal/ step/dream/plan /purpose /wish)或what 引导的主语从句。 Eg. Our aim is to help students make progress . 我们的目标是帮助学生取得进步。 The purpose of the meeting is __to make a new plan_. 这次会议的目的是制定一个新计划。 My wish is __to buy my own house. 我的愿望是给自己买房。 The next step is __to put the theory into practice . 下一阶段要把理论付诸实践。 What impresses me most is _to enjoy the scenery . 让我印象最深的是欣赏美景。 2. to do 形式作表语的省略 a. What I want to do is (to) get (get) some fresh water. b. What I need is _ ____to make_ (make) them happy, not tired. 总结： 主语部分含有从句且从句谓语部分有实义动词 do的某种形式时，作表语的 不定式符号to可保留也可省略。 练一练 （1）The purpose of education is to develop （develop）a fine personality in children. （2）My task is to clean__（clean）the classroom this afternoon. （3）His wish is to become__（become） a linguist. （4）To be kind to the enemy is 　to be___（be）cruel to the people. （5）What I would suggest is to put___（put） off the meeting. （6）What squirrels can do is _(to) store__ (store) all kinds of food before the winter comes. 完成句子 ① Your task today is to wash the curtains. . 你今天的任务是洗窗帘。 ② My purpose is__to climb to the top of the snow mountain. 我的目标就是要爬到雪山的顶部。 ③ What I need is to make them happy, not tired. 我需要的是让他们快乐，而不是疲劳。 4. Our plan is __to build up a middle school for the peasants’ children. 我们的计划是给农民子弟成立一所中学。 5. The problem is how to get there on time_. 问题是怎样才能准时到达哪儿。 2. V-ing作表语 a.动名词作表语时表示一般性、习惯性的动作或抽象的动作。 b. 通常主语是表示“身份、职业”等的名词，多数情况下主语与表语可以互换。 My job is teaching.=Teaching is my job. Our duty is serving the people. My hobby is playing basketball. 。 【点拨】:__一般来说，表示比较抽象的一般行为时，多用动名词作表语； 表示具体某次动作，特别是将来的动作时，多用不定式作表语。 单句语法填空 （1）His favourite hobby is___fishing__（fish） (2）Her duty now is washing, cleaning__（clean） and taking care of the children. （3）The disadvantage of the tool is __being （be）too large. 3. V-ed作表语 v-ed形式: 作表语时表示主语（人和事物）的被动关系或存在状态或情感情绪等。如 1. 门仍然锁着。 The door remained locked. 2. 我对你的故事很感兴趣。 I'm very interested in your story. 注意 ：V-ing 和 -ed 作表语 此类现在分词和过去分词已经具有明显的形容词特征，因此可以作为形容词用。 现在分词(-ing)作表语，表示主语的性质、特征，意为“令人……的” 过去分词(-ed)作表语，表示主语的状态，意为“感到……的” The influence of computer games is _worrying （worry）. The sound of martial music is always ___inspiring____(inspire). All the fans are very ___excited (excite). It is obvious that the boy is ___interested (interest) in this machine. 这类词常见的表达有： interesting 有趣的—interested 感兴趣的 delighting 令人高兴的—delighted 感到高兴的 disappointing 令人失望的—disappointed 感到失望的 encouraging 令人鼓舞的—encouraged 感到鼓舞的 pleasing 令人愉快的—pleased 感到愉快的 puzzling 令人费解的—puzzled 感到费解的 satisfying 令人满意的—satisfied 感到满意的 surprising 令人惊异的—surprised 感到惊异的 worrying 令人担心的—worried 感到担心的 注意事项： 区别1 : V-to do与V-ing作表语的区别 动词不定式作表语: _ 强调一次性的、具体的、将要发生的动作; 动词-ing形式作表语: 强调一般性的、抽象的、经常发生的动作。 Eg. His aim today is __to climb (climb) the hill. 他今天的目标是爬那座小山。 His favourite activity is __climbing____(climb) hills. 他最喜欢的活动是爬山。 区别2 : V-ing作表语和进行时态的区别 动词-ing形式作表语 : ___说明主语的性质或状态或表示抽象性的或习惯性的动作; 动词的进行时态: 表示主语正在进行的动作。 Eg. His job is _teaching_ (teach) the students to play the piano. 他的工作是教学生弹钢琴。(动词-ing形式作表语,表示习惯性的动作) He is teaching (teach)the students to play the piano. 他正在教学生弹钢琴。(进行时态) 区别3 : V-ed作表语和被动语态的区别 动词-ed形式作表语：相当于一个形容词,表示主语的性质或状态, 系动词既可以用be,也可以是其 他系动词(remain、keep、stay、seem、 sound等); 被动语态：就是表示一个具体的被动动作, 系动词往往是be, 也可以用get。 Eg. The window is __closed (close). 窗户是关着的。(动词-ed形式作表语,表示主语的状态) The window was __closed (close) by Tom. 窗户是汤姆关上的。(被动语态) 总结： 句型结构：__主语+系动词+表语-to do(目的、结果、计划、安排等). 句型结构：___主语+系动词+表语-ving(性质、状态). 句型结构：____主语+系动词+表语-ved(性质、状态). 练一练：第一组 （1）The purpose of education is to develop (develop培养）a fine personality品性 in children. （2）My task is to clean （clean）the classroom this afternoon. （3）His wish is to become （become） a linguist语言学家. （4）To be kind to the enemy is to be （be）cruel to yourself. （5）My chief purpose is to point （point）out the difficulties of the matter. （6）What I would suggest is to put （put） off the meeting. （7）What he hoped was to be admitted （admit） into the university. （8）All that he could do was 　(to) comfort （comfort） her. 练一练：第二组 ❶What you have to do is (to) study (study) even harder to make preparations for your future.  ❷Her job is keeping (keep) the lecture hall as clean as possible.  ❸You must be patient and persistent if you are 　to succeed (succeed).  ❹She was 　disappointed (disappoint) that she didn’t get the job she had applied for.  ❺One of her habits is 　jogging (jog) in the park.  ❻She was satisfied (satisfy) that her efforts had finally paid off.  ❼The story he told is quite 　　fascinating (fascinate).  练一练：第三组 1) When we heard of it, we were deeply __moved__(move). 2) His teaching aim of this class is _to train (train) the students' speaking ability. 3) Their job is __making___(make) wheelchairs for disabled people. 4) What he likes is __watching (watch) TV after supper. 5) Your idea is not only innovative but also ___inspiring (inspire). 6) Richard felt _satisfied with their _satisfying service at the hotel. (satisfy) 7) The movie was _moving . Rose was greatly __moved_____. (move) 8) 我的工作是教你们英语 My job is ____teaching you English_ . 9) 我的任务是今天下午清洁教室。 My task is to clean the classroom this afternoon. 10) 我的梦想是考入重点大学。 My dream is _to enter a key university . 练一练：第四组 （真题体验） 1.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)In cold weather,the structure stays　　closed (close) to protect the plants.  2.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu,who is 　known (know) as “the Shakespeare of Asia”,add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon,William Shakespeare’s hometown.  3.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)...visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often___amazed (amaze) to find the connection between the two great writers.  练一练：第五组 （句子语法填空） 1.I have had many dreams since I was a child.Now my dream is 　　to be　　 (be) a doctor.  2.One of the ways to improve your spoken English is to practise (practise) it for half an hour every morning.  3.I quickly lower myself,ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes,so he doesn’t feel challenged (challenge).  4.When I saw him not coming home so late,I started to get 　　worried (worry).  5.The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain　seated (seat) as the plane was making a landing.  6. It is said that listening to music makes a person feel pleased (pleasure) when he/she is tired.  7.One of the important missions for contemporary students is___to help (help) more people understand our country and its culture.  8.When you attend an interview,what you need to do is 　(to) take (take) it easy and keep a positive state of mind.  9.The students were exhausted (exhaust) after participating in the long-distance race.  10.The outdoor adventure activity sounds 　thrilling (thrill) for the kids.  练一练：第五组 （语篇填空） Last Saturday,our class went on a trip to the local museum.The moment we arrived,we were 1.excited (excite) to explore the various exhibitions.Walking through the ancient art section, we were 2.　astonished (astonish) at the fascinating treasures.Some students were 3.　interested　 (interest) in taking notes of the historical facts, finding it helpful for their studies.Then,we watched a documentary in the small theatre. The story was so 4.　moving (move) that most of us were deeply 5.　touched (touch).After that,we were given the chance to try some traditional crafts,which was really 6.__engaging (engage). At the end of the day,although we were 7.__tired (tire),we all felt 8.　satisfied (satisfy) with what we had experienced.  学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $