5.名词形容词副词短语的句法功能-2025-2026学年高中英语期末语法复习必修1（重大版）

期末语法复习 必修1·重庆大学出版社·名词/形容词/副词短语的句法功能 一、考点概述 名词、形容词、副词短语的句法功能是英语基础语法，名词短语常作主语、宾语等，形 容词短语多用来修饰名词，副词短语主要修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，共同承担句子 成分以构建完整语义。 二、核心考点解析 考点一：名词短语作主语 结构：名词短语（名词+修饰成分）在句中充当主语，谓语动词的单复数与短语核心 名词一致 例句：The beautiful flowers in the garden attract many bees. 真题再现： in the library is not allowed.【2023重庆某校期末】 A)Talk B)Talks C)Talking D)To talking 答案：C The number of students in our class_45.【2022重庆联考】 A)is B)are C)be D)was 答案：A 考点二：名词短语作宾语 结构：名词短语在及物动词或介词后充当宾语，可由形容词、分词、介词短语等修饰 例句：She bought a red dress with white buttons yesterday 真题再现： He is interested in_about space..【2023重庆高一期末】 A)story B)stories C)a stories D)storys 答案：B We should pay attention to_around us.【2022重庆某中学月考】 A)the changes B)change C)changing D)a change 答案：A 考点三：形容词短语作定语 结构：形容词+介词短语不定式/分词构成短语，修饰名词时后置 例句：A book useful for English learning is on the desk. 真题再现： Do you know the girl red over there?【2023重庆高一质检】 A)in B)on C)with D)at 答案：A He gave me a boxmany old photos.【2022重庆联考】 A)fill with B)filled with C)filling with D)to fill with 答案：B 考点四：形容词短语作表语 结构：形容词+介词短语不定式构成短语，位于系动词后说明主语特征 例句：The problem is difficult to solve. 真题再现： The movie was_that I wanted to watch it again.【2023重庆期末】 A)so interesting B)such interesting C)too interesting D)enough interesting 答案：A She is always her students.[2022 重庆某中学期中】 A)patient with B)patient to C)patience with D)patience to 答案：A 考点五：副词短语作状语 结构：副词+介词短语不定式构成短语，修饰动词、形容词或整个句子 例句：He finished the work quickly and carefully 真题再现： 一，we arrived at the station on time.【2023重庆高一期末】 A)Lucky B)Luckily C)Unlucky D)Unluckily 答案：B She speaks English_clearly that everyone can understand her..【2022重庆联考】 A)very B)so C)too D)such 答案：B 考点六：短语作同位语 结构：名词短语/形容词短语对前面名词作补充说明，前后用逗号隔开 例句：My friend,a doctor from Beijing,will visit me tomorrow. 真题再现： Mr.Li,一，is very popular with students.【2023重庆质检】 A)our math teacher B)teaches math C)teaching math D)math teacher 答案：A The news,.,made everyone happy..【2022重庆某中学月考】 A)exciting B)excited C)an exciting news D)excitedly 答案：A 三、考点综合训练 (一)单项选择 1.The students in Class Three listening to music now. A)is B)are C)am D)be 2.My mother bought a_coat for my birthday. A)red beautiful B)beautifully red C)beautiful red D)red beautifully 3.He speaks Englishclearly that all his classmates admire him. A)very B)so C)too D)such 4.,we managed to finish the project before the deadline A)Luck B)Lucky C)Luckily D)Unlucky 5.The news_our team won the game made everyone excited. A)that B)which C)what D)who (二)完成句子 1.这座桥是由许多大石头建成的。 The bridge is made of many 2.她总是乐于助人。 She is always_help others 3.这个问题太难了，我解决不了。 The problem is _for me to solve. 4.我的弟弟，一个热爱运动的男孩，每天都打篮球。 My brother,a boy_sports,plays basketball every day. 5.他们上周在农场玩得很开心。 They played_on the farm last week. (三)短文改错 1.I have a friend calls Tom,who is good at playing football 2.The number of books in the library are about 10,000. 3.She is patient to her students and often helps them 4.He ran quick to catch the last bus but failed. 5.The story is enough interesting to attract children. (四)语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 My school is a beautiful place many trees and flowers.Every morning,the students _(dress)in blue uniforms walk into the campus.Our head teacher,Mr.Wang,is always (friend)to us.He often tells us stories_(excite)our interest in learning.Last week,we had a sports meeting and_(win)the first prize.All of us felt(happy)than before. (五)参考答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：1.B2.C3.B4.C5.A 2.完成句子答案： 1.big stones 2.ready to 3.too difficult 4.loving 5.very happily 3.短文改错答案： 1.calls→called2.aIre→is3.to→with4.quick→quickly5.enough interesting →interesting enough 4.语法填空答案： 1.with 2.dressed 3.friendly 4.to excite 5.won 6.happier 英语语法复习手册·必修1·重庆大学出版社·名词/形容词/副词短语的句法功能