1.情态动词have done-2025-2026学年高中英语期末语法复习选择性必修4（沪教版）

期末语法复习 选择性必修4·沪教牛津版（上海教育）·情态动词+havedone 、情态动词+have done核心用法详解 情态动词+have done是高中英语重要语法，用于对过去发生事情的推测、判断或表 达与过去事实相反的假设、遗憾等，核心考点包括不同情态动词（如must,may,might, cold,should等)与have done搭配的含义及用法区别。 考点一：must have done表示对过去事情的肯定推测 结构：must+have+过去分词（语气肯定，意为“一定做过某事”） 例旬：She looks upset..She must have heard the bad news. 真题再现： The ground is all wet..Itrained heavily last night.【2023XX市高二期末】 A)must B)must have C)should have D)could have 答案：B He the meeting,.for he knew nothing about it when I told him.【2022XX省高三联考】 A)mustn't attend B)can't have attended C)must have attended D)needn't have attended 答案：B 考点二：can't/couldn't have done表示对过去事情的否定推测 结构：cant/couldn't+have+过去分词（意为“不可能做过某事”） 例句：He couldn't have finished the task alone,it's too difficult. 真题再现： Do you think Tom the book? 一Idon't think so.He doesn't like reading.【2023新高考II卷模拟】 A)must have read B)could have read C)can have read D)should have read 答案：B Shehere yesterday,because she was on a trip to Beijing.【2022XX市高三一模】 A)can't have been B)must have been C)should have been D)might have been 答案：A 考点三：could/might have done表示可能性推测或本可做但未做 结构：could/might+have+过去分词（推测时意为“可能做过某事”；表虚拟时意为 “本可以/本可能做某事但未做”) 例句：You could have told me the truth earlier.(虚拟，本可以做但未做) 真题再现： You_the exam if you had studied harder..【2023XX省高考真题】 A)could pass B)could have passed C)must pass D)must have passed 答案：B -Why didn't you answer my call? —I in the shower..【2022全国乙卷】 A)must have been B)could have been C)should have been D)need have been 答案：B 考点四：should/ought to have done表示本应该做但未做 结构：should/ought to+have+过去分词（带有责备或遗憾语气） You should have arrived at the station on time;the train left five minutes ago. 真题再现： I my homework last night,but I forgot..【2023XX市高二质检】 A)should finish B)should have finished C)must finish D)must have finished 答案：B You him the news,:it made him very sad.【2022XX省联考】 A)needn't tell B)needn't have told C)shouldn't tell D)shouldn't have told 答案：D 考点五：needn't have done表示本不必做但做了 结构：needn't+have+过去分词（意为“本不必做某事，实际上却做了”） 例句：You needn't have bought so much food,we have plenty left 真题再现： -Did you take a taxi to the airport? 一Yes,butI.The subway was much faster..【2023新高考I卷模拟】 A)needn't have B)mustn't have C)shouldn't have D)couldn't have 答案：A Sheso early,the meeting starts at 10am.【2022XX市高三二模】 A)needn't come B)needn't have come C)mustn't come D)shouldn't have come 答案：B 考点六：would have done用于虚拟语气 结构：would+have+过去分词（常用于if条件句虚拟或含蓄虚拟语境中） 例句：If I had known your address,I would have visited you. 真题再现： Ifwe_the bus,.we would have arrived on time.【2023XX市高三期末】 A)caught B)had caught C)would catch D)catch 答案：B Without your support,.I_the project successfully..【2022全国甲卷模拟】 A)wouldn't finish B)wouldn't have finished C)didn't finish D)haven't finished 答案：B 二、考点综合训练 (一)单项选择 1.The room is empty.They_for the meeting already. A)must leave B)must have left C)should leave D)could leave 2.You me the truth,but you chose to remain silent. A)could tell B)could have told C)must tell D)should tell 3.She looks tired today.Shewell last night. A)can't sleep B)mustn't sleep C)can't have slept D)needn't have slept 4.If you more carefully,you wouldn't have made so many mistakes. A)listened B)had listened C)would listen D)listen 5.We the game if we had practiced together. A)might win B)might have won C)must win D)should win 6.You_to the lecture yesterday,it was very instructive. A)should come B)should have come C)must come D)need come (二)完成句子 1.他本不必买这么多面包，冰箱里还有很多。 He so much bread,there is still plenty in the fridge. 2.她不可能完成了作业，因为她一直在玩手机。 She_her homework,for she was playing with her phone all the time. 3.如果我知道你要来，我会去机场接你的。 IfI you were coming,I. you at the airport. 4.你本应该早点告诉我这个坏消息的。 You me the bad news earlier 5.他们一定已经到达北京了，火车两小时前就到站了。 They in Beijing,the train arived two hours ago. (三)短文改错 下面短文中共有5处与“情态动词+have done”相关的错误，请找出并改正 I wish I could meet you last week,but I was busy with exams.You mustn't have told him the secret,he wouldn't be so angry now.If I studied harder,I could pass the test.You should come to the party yesterday-everyone missed you!We needn't to buy the tickets in advance, there were plenty left. (四)语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 A:Did you see John at the library yesterday? B:No,he(can/be)at home.His mom said he was sick. A:But he promised to help me with my report.He_(should/tell)me he couldn't come. B:Well,he(may/forget).You know he's been busy lately A:Ifhe(call)me,I wouldn't have waited for him there for an hour! B:Don't be angry.He_(must/feel)sorry now. (五)参考答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：1.B2.B3.C4.B5.B6.B 2.完成句子答案： 1.needn't have bought 2.can't have finished 3.had known;would have met 4.should have told 5.must have arrived 3.短文改错答案： 1.cold→could have2.mustn't→shouldn't3.studied→had studied 4.come→have come5.删去to 4.语法填空答案： 1.could have been 2.should have told 3.may have forgotten 4.had called 5.must feel 英语语法复习手册·选择性必修4·沪教牛津版（上海教育）·情态动词+have done