上海格致中学2026-2027学年度第一学期第一次测验高三年级英语试卷

( 班级 姓名 学号 准考证号 ) 格致中学 二〇二六学年度第一学期第一次测验 高三年级 英语试卷 （测试105分钟内完成，总分115分，试后交答题卷） 温馨提示：昨天，你既然经历了艰苦的学习，今天，你必将获得可喜的收获！ 祝您：诚实守信，沉着冷静，细致踏实，自信自强，去迎接胜利！ I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Food delivery riders call on platforms to open up AI “black box” Gig economy workers are urging delivery platforms to open up the “black box” of computer-driven algorithms that determine the jobs they (1) ________ (offer) and how much they are paid, blaming increased use of AI (2) ________ lowering wages. A group of food delivery riders in Edinburgh have expressed concern about the fact (3) ________ their rates of pay have fallen and their working conditions have deteriorated at the same time as Deliveroo, Uber Eats and Just Eat, the three dominant gig economy platforms in the UK and Ireland, have increased their use of automation. “I am making half the money I was making four years ago, for the same number of hours. It makes no sense,” said David, (4) ________ food delivery rider in Edinburgh for the past seven years who did not want to share his surname. David and other food delivery riders usually share their experiences of worsening pay and conditions in the afternoon (5) ________ they go their separate ways to carry food and groceries to customers’ doorsteps during the dinnertime rush. The group has come together through the Workers’ Observatory, a charity (6) ________ (found) by gig economy workers alongside academics at St Andrews and Edinburgh universities, (7) ________ aim is to help riders research the parts of their working experience that are mostly concealed by the companies that operate delivery platforms, to help them to improve (8) ________ own working conditions. Cailean Gallagher, director of the observatory, said “there is so much infrastructure of knowledge and data that’s concealed” by the platforms’ algorithm, (9) ________ (leave) gig economy riders “working in the dark”. Deliveroo described their algorithm FRANK as “super smart” and able to decide “which rider to offer which order”. The company said FRANK was “made up of machine-learning technology, which predicts the precise timings of every order”. Previously, food was delivered (10) ________ (efficiently) than it is with FRANK. “The vast majority of riders are satisfied working with us, and we continue to partner with the Labor Union to raise the bar on security and wellbeing standards. Information on our algorithm and fees is set out on our rider website.” Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. agreed B. alternative C. associated D. comparison E. entirely F. obesity G. occasional H. officially I. ordinary J. removal K. simplification Why Did McDonald’s Supersized Menu Disappear? McDonald’s announced they were phasing out their signature Supersize fry and drink options in 2004, but years later, we’re still using the term to refer to something extra-large, especially when the Golden Arches are involved. Supersizing was brilliant — who doesn’t want more fries, after all — but wants and needs are two different things (11) ________. The demise (终止) of the supersize was a slow thing. According to CBS News, the plan to get rid of it was announced in March 2004, with a promise that by the end of the year, no location would be handing out those giant cups that absolutely wouldn’t fit in your car’s cup holder. McDonald’s did say that it was going to return for the (12) ________ promotion, giving fans of the supersize fries and drinks a little bit of hope. And so it did. Supersizing is so firmly (13) ________ with American fast food that we’re still consuming it years later. But why did it once disappear, anyway? The reason McDonald’s (14) ________ gave for making the decision to get rid of supersizing isn’t the one you might expect. Walt Riker, a spokesman for McDonald’s, gave only one reason during a brief statement. According to him, the driving force here was menu (15) ________. Surprising, right? According to Bloomberg, McDonald’s had 145 menu items in 2013, and that’s 85 more than they had in 2007 — not too many years after supersizing disappeared. The story came around the time McDonald’s was saying goodbye to the Angus burger, and some salads, and spokesperson Danya Proud said it was nothing out of the (16) ________. “We add and take out menu items all the time,” she wrote them in an email. “It’s part of doing business for us and isn’t new.” So taking menu items away isn’t anything new for McDonald’s, but having a shortened menu definitely is. That might be why not too many completely (17) ________ with the public reasoning. BBC linked the decision to ditch supersized items to something else — McDonald’s awareness of the (18) ________ epidemic. BBC has found that the announcement of the (19) ________ in the UK happened at the same time when the British government was calling on people to take a look at how they can reinvent their lifestyles to improve health on a national level. In fact, the decision to get rid of supersizing went hand-in-hand with increasing pressure being put on fast food restaurants to at least offer a healthier (20) ________ to customers. They had already begun adding some of the healthier options that everyone is familiar with today, like fruit and yogurt, but at the time, they were still being heavily criticized for just how bad their food was. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The term culture now is used to describe everything from the fine arts to the outlook of a business group or a sports team. In its original sense, however, culture (21) ________ all identifying aspects of an ethnic (民族的) group, nation, or empire: its physical environment, history, and traditions, its social rules and economic structure; its religious beliefs and arts. The central beliefs and customs of a group are handed down from one generation to another. It is for this reason that most people regard culture as (22) ________ rather than inborn. People acquire a culture; they are not (23) ________ with one. The process by which a person develops a (24) ________ for regional foods, or an outlook on the world over time, (25) ________, is known as enculturation (文化适应). Cultures are often identified by their (26) ________ — images that are familiar and have meanings. Totem (图腾) poles carved with animal and creative figures suggest aspects of the Native American peoples of the Pacific Northwest but more accurately (27) ________ specific families. In Asia and India, the color of yellow is identified with Buddhist and Hindu priests; in ancient China it was a color only for the family of the (28) ________. Thus, different cultures may respond to a symbol quite (29) ________. For example, to some a flag may represent pride, historical accomplishments, or ideals; to others, (30) ________, it can symbolize danger or oppression. To individuals unfamiliar with cultures outside their own, the beliefs, behaviors, and artistic expression of other groups can seem (31) ________ and even threatening. A society that (32) ________ all other cultures with its own standards is said to be ethnocentric (民族优越感的). A strongly ethnocentric society assumes also that what is different from its own culture is likely to be (33) ________ and, possibly, wrong or evil. All people are ethnocentric to some degree, and aspects of ethnocentrism, such as national pride, (34) ________ a well-functioning society. An appreciation for one’s own culture, however, does not preclude (排除) acceptance and respect for another culture. History documents the long-term vigor and success of multicultural groups in which people from numerous and diverse cultural backgrounds live and work together. Ethnocentrism, (35) ________, can lead to racism — the belief that it is race and ethnic origin that account for variations in human character or ability and that one’s own race is superior to all others. 21. A. benefits B. involves C. attracts D. neglects 22. A. learned B. created C. developed D. inherited 23. A. supplied B. exchanged C. carried D. born 24. A. style B. taste C. method D. culture 25. A. for example B. besides C. otherwise D. nevertheless 26. A. religions B. symbols C. arts D. traditions 27. A. make up B. take over C. stand for D. bring up 28. A. minister B. maid C. prisoner D. emperor 29. A. appropriately B. positively C. differently D. similarly 30. A. furthermore B. however C. thus D. also 31. A. national B. normal C. pleasant D. strange 32. A. removes B. ranks C. controls D. abandons 33. A. inferior B. productive C. traditional D. industrial 34. A. belong to B. refer to C. turn to D. contribute to 35. A. in contrast B. in particular C. as a result D. on the whole Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) An excerpt from Shoes Were for Sunday by Molly Weir One of the phrases which greatly puzzled me was ‘entertaining angels unaware’. How could anybody be unaware of entertaining an angel, I thought? It never occurred to me that angelic qualities could hide under very ordinary voices and in everyday bodies. My angel, as it turned out, hid inside the little figure of my school-teacher, Miss McKenzie. To me she was always a little old lady, with her grey hair framing a round rosy face and caught up in an old-fashioned bun (发髻) on top of her head. Although I enjoyed Miss McKenzie’s approval, I never really felt very close to her. It never dawned on me to ask her advice as to what I should do when I left school. Surely there was only one thing to do: get a job and earn money as quickly as possible. But Miss McKenzie had other ideas. We in our house knew nothing of scholarships for fatherless children. The idea of a child from a working-class household going to college was the very stuff of story-books. Unknown to us, she forced the headmaster to put my name forward for a special scholarship open to children who showed some promise, and who would benefit from further education. He agreed, although he was a bit worried about the expense of keeping me at college for a whole year. No earnings from me, and fares and clothes to be covered, for, of course, only the fees would be paid if I won. Miss McKenzie brushed all argument aside. To this day I can remember my complete astonishment when, on being asked if she felt I had any particular qualities, this elderly teacher banged the desk with her fist, and declared in an American idiom I never suspected she knew: “I’d stake my bottom dollar on this girl!” I trembled at the passion in her voice, and at her faith in me. “What if I fail her?” I gasped to myself. “What if she has to pay all the money back if I let her down?” I knew we hadn’t a spare dollar to repay anybody, and I was sick with a sense of responsibility in case I messed up. The time at college went by quickly. At the end of my year at college I was able to lay before her the college gold medal as the year’s top student and a whole pile of certificates. And suddenly as I gazed at her, and saw her eyes shining with pride behind the gold-rimmed glasses, I realized how widely she had thrown open the door of opportunity for me. And I knew for the first time what the phrase ‘entertaining angels unaware’ meant. For there, standing before me in class, was my very own angel, Miss McKenzie. 36. The author’s description of Miss McKenzie in paragraphs 2 and 5 aims to ________. A. explain why she always kept a safe distance from Miss McKenzie B. contrast the inner qualities of McKenzie with her humble appearance C. emphasize that she and McKenzie both came from an ordinary family D. illustrate the influence of the strong faith Miss McKenzie had in her 37. It can be inferred from the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 that ________. A. it is unlikely for children from an ordinary family to further their study in college B. going to university can help those from working-class backgrounds climb up the social ladder C. those who can only read stories do not meet the minimum requirement of college D. the author had the idea of going to college because she was inspired by some stories 38. In paragraph 6, the author felt ________ when she heard McKenzie’s passionate voice. A. shocked and encouraged B. embarrassed and reluctant C. uncertain and stressed D. worried and purposeful 39. The author’s main purpose of writing this passage is to ________. A. recall her schooldays and her past achievements B. express her gratitude to one of her school teachers C. stress the importance of equal access to education D. encourage readers to find the angels around them (B) Welcome to the best new movies! We’re adding the latest Certified Fresh films as they’re released in theaters and across streamers, so check back every week! MAN ON THE RUN (2025) Critics: Chronicling (记载) Paul McCartney’s time spent in the creative wilderness through when he regrew his wings. Man on the Run is a lovely testament to the musical genius and his romantic partnership with Linda McCartney. Summary: In April 1970, Paul released his first solo album, McCartney, alongside a shocking press release that announced the beloved band had split. When asked what he’d do next, he said his only plan... was to grow up. Man on the Run captures Paul’s transformative decade in the wake of The Beatles’ break-up. Through stunning footage, exceptional photographs, and interviews with Mick Jagger, Chrissie Hynde, Sean Ono Lennon, Mary and Stella McCartney, all the living Wings members, and of course Paul himself, the film examines this time through a uniquely vulnerable lens. EVERYBODY TO KENMURE STREET (2026) Critics: A spirited and uplifting documentary. Everybody to Kenmure Street captures a community’s witty, determined stand against injustice through the power of collective action. Summary: Anti-establishment struggles and activism run in the veins of Glasgow inhabitants. So when in May 2021, a U.K. Home Office raid is launched, it triggers one of the most spontaneous (自发的) acts of civil resistance in recent memory. In Scotland’s most diverse neighbourhood, hundreds of residents rush to Kenmure Street to stop the deportation of their neighbours. REMAKE (2025) Critics: Remake is both McElwee’s attempt to hold onto his son, and to let him go. Summary: Filmmaker Ross McElwee has spent forty years recording himself and his family, creating documentaries that chronicle the shifting American society through the lens of personal history. His son Adrian grew up inside those films, and eventually began experimenting with the camera himself. When a Hollywood producer acquires the rights to adapt McElwee’s 1986 breakthrough SHERMAN’S MARCH into a work of fiction, twenty-year-old Adrian sees a chance for his father to finally reach a wider audience. As the adaptation stalls, Adrian gets swept into drug addiction and dies from an overdose, leaving behind hours of personal video footage. Retracing Adrian’s final years, McElwee reflects on the lifetime behind the camera, then remixes and remakes the movie that Adrian never got to finish. 40. What can be inferred about Paul McCartney’s creative wilderness time? A. He completely stopped making music. B. He struggled before achieving new success. C. He focused on interpersonal relationships. D. He frequently collaborated with Mick Jagger. 41. The underlined phrase “run in the veins” is closest in meaning to ________. A. are ignored by B. are deeply rooted in C. are opposed to D. are controlled by 42. What do the three films have in common? A. They are all non-fictional works. B. They all feature celebrities as their core subjects. C. They all explore personal stories against public struggles. D. They were all originally scheduled for public release in 2025. (C) If you know someone with borderline personality disorder (BPD), you’re aware of how quickly they can step up from mild annoyance to outbursts of anger. However, Sonya Varma, a professor from York University, wondered, do people with BPD have problems in all aspects of this process? Could they have an as-yet-undiscovered set of emotional strengths? According to new research by Varma and her colleagues, emotion regulation involves both the internal reactions of the body and the conscious efforts people make to label those bodily feelings. This labeling process, they maintain, could make all the difference when it comes to settling back down and putting the mind back at rest. To tease apart these features of emotion regulation, Varma designed an experimental situation in which they put participants into an “emotion induction (引导)” treatment. Participants read a story about an event, such as a hit-and-run accident or the death of a pet dog, designed to evoke negative emotions. The sample included 29 participants with diagnosed BPD who were age- and sex-matched with healthy controls, and they ranged in age from 18 to 60. To examine the effect of labeling, Varma asked their participants to type their current emotional states into a computer, choosing from a set they saw on the screen. They could use the same word multiple times if they wished. If indeed people with BPD have difficulty labeling their emotions, then this fault should have been reflected in their ability to return to baseline (基点) after the negative emotion induction. However, the findings surprisingly ran counter to the research team’s expectations: People with BPD were equal to the control participants in the negativity of their expressed emotion, the intensity of that emotion, and even the words they used to describe their emotions. Although using a wider range of words following the emotion induction helped to bring about greater physiological control for all participants, there were no differences between groups in this effect. Given its role in helping restore physiological peace, it appears that regardless of whether someone has BPD or not, it can be beneficial to learn to label your emotions. When you’re starting down the pathway of experiencing a negative emotion, you can benefit by applying an accurate label to that emotion as opposed to holding it back or calling it something else. This can potentially prevent engagement in destructive behaviors that may function to down regulate emotion such as self-harm. To sum up, this new information about BPD can offer hope that at least one key element of the emotion regulation process appears to function effectively. Building on this strength could very well provide a new and unexplored pathway for their satisfaction. 43. According to paragraphs 1 and 2, people with BPD ________. A. may be good at labeling bodily feelings B. may lose their temper easily and suddenly C. encounter problems in every aspect of their life D. have emotional strengths like emotion regulation 44. The underlined phrase “tease apart” (Para 3, Line 1) is closest in meaning to ________. A. distinguish B. combine C. emphasize D. dominate 45. What can be inferred from Varma’s experiment? A. Negative emotions affect the ability to reflect. B. Healthy controls excel at regulating their mental state. C. Using a wider range of emotion words helps restore physiological calm. D. People with BPD met the research team’s expectations. 46. What is the passage mainly about? A. A new pathway of regulating emotions. B. A method of consciously labeling emotions. C. An unexpected strength of people with BPD. D. An involuntary reaction to people with BPD. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences listed below. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. A. Books are sometimes regarded as old-fashioned and difficult to read. B. In response to this trend, some smart young authors have changed the way they write. C. However, as the story progressed, the style gradually evolved into something different. D. She typed out installments on her phone and uploaded them onto a popular website for cell phone authors. E. No money is made from cell phone novels unless they are published as books. F. Sentences are short and there are no descriptions of anything or anybody because there isn’t space. A Different Type of Phone Book Although books are still popular with teenagers, most of them spend more of their leisure time staring at their phone than reading a paperback. And the more versatile phones become, the more reasons young people have for looking at them. (47) ________ Instead of publishing a whole book at once, they produce very short chapters, which they send once a week to their readers by text message. Some even claim that this style of writing represents a new literary genre: the ‘cell phone novel’. Although the idea originated in Japan, cell phone novels have also sprung up in the rest of East Asia, Europe and Africa. Many are written by high school or university students who are very familiar with the topics that teenagers are interested in. Common themes are love, tragedy and betrayal, and the stories often deal with difficult or controversial issues. Twenty-one-year-old Rin said that she started her novel If You during her final year at high school and explained that it was the tragic love story of two childhood friends. Rin wrote her novel over a six-month period in spare moments, often while commuting on the train. (48) ________ Readers then voted her novel the best that year and she was offered a book contract. Her book sold 40,000 copies and was number five in the Japanese bestseller list. Rin said that her mother had no idea that she had been writing a novel and was therefore very surprised when she saw a book with her daughter’s name on it. The style of cell phone novels has evolved to suit the medium. Chapters have no more than 200 words, and often just 50-100 words. (49) ________ The text mostly consists of dialogue and the language is direct, conveying a lot in a few words. Many cell phone novelists had never written fiction before and many of their readers have never read a normal novel. Other rules have evolved; for example, authors only have one name and that is a pseudonym or pen name. In 2009, a young Japanese writer called Takatsu, who lives in Canada, began writing the first English language cell phone novel, Secondhand Memories. Each installment appeared on textnovel.com, a website dedicated to cell phone stories. Takatsu had read an English translation of Rin’s story If You and had been impressed by its simple and emotional language. It was a feature he deliberately copied when he started writing Secondhand Memories. (50) ________ He now believes that, in English, cell phone novels have a powerful and poetic identity of their own. Takatsu sees himself, and the other writers who contribute to textnovel.com, as part of a literary movement which blends drama, technology, pop culture and social media. Cell phone novels encourage young people to engage in fiction, even those who would not normally pick up a book. They could be described as teen novels for the 21st century. III. Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 51. How to Deliver a Perfect Public Speech Public speaking is a valuable skill that can boost your confidence and open up new opportunities. However, for many people, the thought of standing in front of an audience can be nerve-wracking. You might wonder how to organize your thoughts, engage your audience, or control your nervousness. This article will guide you through the process of delivering a perfect public speech. Before you step onto the stage, the most important thing is to prepare your speech content. Start by defining the purpose of your speech — are you informing, persuading, or entertaining? Once you have a clear goal, brainstorm key points that support your main idea. Organizing your speech into an introduction, body, and conclusion can make it easier for your audience to follow. In the introduction, grab the audience’s attention with a question, a story, or a surprising fact. The body should contain two or three main points, each supported by examples, data, or anecdotes. Finally, conclude with a strong closing statement that reinforces your message. Practicing your speech multiple times can help you refine your wording and timing. Once your content is ready, the next step is to focus on how to connect with your audience. Start by making eye contact with different parts of the audience instead of looking at your notes or the floor. Using natural gestures and moving around the stage can make you appear more confident and keep the audience engaged. Additionally, varying your tone, volume, and pace can help maintain interest. For instance, slow down when making an important point and speed up slightly during less critical sections to add variety. Asking rhetorical questions or including relatable stories can also make your speech more interactive and memorable. Even the most experienced speakers feel nervous before a speech. The key is to manage that anxiety effectively. One helpful technique is deep breathing — taking slow, deep breaths before you speak can calm your nerves. Visualizing a successful speech can also boost your confidence. Arriving early to familiarize yourself with the stage and audience can reduce uncertainty. It’s also beneficial to record yourself to identify areas for improvement. Remember, small mistakes are normal, and most audiences are supportive and understanding. Focusing on your message rather than your fear can make a significant difference. Delivering a perfect public speech involves arduous work, but with practice and these steps in mind, your next public speech can be a success. IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 这款新能源汽车在去年的国际车展上首次亮相。 （appearance） 53. 智能手机的普及让更多人意识到网络安全的重要性。 （aware） 54. 人们获取信息越方便，就越容易沉迷于虚拟世界，从而忽视现实中人与人之间的真实交流。 （the more... the more...） 55. 尽管前路充满未知与挑战，他始终满怀信心、意志坚强，最终到达了成功的彼岸，并在这里找到了生命的价值。 （where） V. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李华。你校英文报编辑部正在征集“校园心理健康周”活动方案，目前有两个备选方案： 方案 A 方案 B 邀请心理专家做专题讲座 组织学生同伴互助小组活动 时间：周三下午 时间：周五下午 形式：全年级集中听讲 形式：小班分组交流 内容：压力管理与情绪调节 内容：分享困扰、互相支持 请你给英文报编辑部写一封邮件，内容须包括： 1）你推荐哪一个方案； 2）通过比较两个方案，说明你推荐的理由。 参考答案 一 语法填空 1. are offered 2. for 3. that 4. a 5. before 6. founded 7. whose 8. their 9. leaving 10. less efficiently 二 选词填空 11. E 12. G 13. C 14. H 15. K 16. I 17. A 18. F 19. J 20. B 三 完形填空 21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. A 四 阅读理解 36. B 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. B 41. B 42. A 43. B 44. A 45. C 46. C 五 六选四 47. B 48. D 49. F 50. C 六 概要写作 51. Summary（58词） Delivering a successful public speech requires thorough preparation, audience engagement and anxiety management. Speakers should clarify their purpose, organize and support key points, and rehearse. Eye contact, natural gestures, vocal variety and relatable stories help maintain interest. To control nervousness, speakers can breathe deeply, visualize success, familiarize themselves with the setting, review recordings and focus on their message. 七 翻译 52. This new energy vehicle made its first appearance at last year’s international auto show. 53. The widespread use of smartphones has made more people aware of the importance of cybersecurity. 54. The more convenient it is for people to access information, the more likely they are to become addicted to the virtual world, thus neglecting genuine interpersonal communication in real life. 55. Although the road ahead was full of uncertainties and challenges, he remained confident and strong-willed, eventually reaching the shores of success, where he discovered the value of life. 八 作文 180词拓展示范（原题要求120-150词） Dear Editors, I recommend Plan B, the peer support group activities, for our Mental Health Week because it gives students a chance to be heard, not just informed. Although Wednesday’s expert lecture could provide reliable advice on stress management and emotional regulation, a large audience may leave little room for personal questions. Some students might also hesitate to discuss sensitive concerns in front of the whole grade. In contrast, Friday’s small group conversations would allow students to share everyday worries with peers facing similar pressures. Hearing that others struggle too can reduce feelings of isolation, while exchanging practical coping strategies makes the discussion immediately useful. Taking turns to listen and respond also builds stronger trust, encouraging students to seek support later. To make the activities effective, each group should have a trained student leader and clear rules about privacy. A teacher could remain available to offer further professional guidance when necessary. Personal sharing should be voluntary, so nobody feels pressured to reveal private experiences. With these arrangements, Plan B can turn a single event into a starting point for lasting mutual support. Yours, Li Hua — 1 — 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $