4.一般现在时主谓一致-2025-2026学年高中英语期末语法复习必修3（沪教版）

期末语法复习 必修3·沪教牛津版（上海教育）·一般现在时&主渭一致 一般现在时&主谓一致的核心用法详解 核心语法：一般现在时&主谓一致 考点概述 一般现在时&主谓一致是高中英语基础语法，一般现在时用于表示经常性、习惯性的 动作或客观事实，主谓一致强调谓语动词在人称和数上需与主语保持一致，核心考点围 绕时态的基本用法及不同主语类型的一致规则展开。 考点一：表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态 结构：主语+动词原形（第三人称单数作主语时动词加-s/-s) She usually gets up at 6:30 a.m./They often play basketball after school 真题再现： My father newspapers every morning to learn about the latest news.【2022上海徐汇区 高一期末】 A)read B)reads C)is reading D)will read 答案：B 解析：every morning表示习惯性动作，father是第三人称单数主语。 Water_at100℃under standard atmospheric pressure.【2023上海浦东新区高二质检】 A)boil B)boils C)boiled D)is boiling 答案：B 解析：表示科学事实，water是不可数名词作单数主语。 考点二：表示客观真理、科学事实或名言警句 结构：动词用一般现在时（不受具体时间限制） 例句：The earth goes around the sun./Actions speak louder than words 真题再现： Our teacher told us that light faster than sound. 【2021上海虹口区高三模拟】 A)travel B)travels C)traveled D)is traveling 答案：B 解析：客观真理不受主句时态影响，ight作单数主语。 "Practice makes perfect"is a saying that the importance of daily training.[2022 上海黄 浦区高一月考】 A)show B)shows C)showed D)is showing 答案：B 解析：名言警句用一般现在时，that指代单数主语saying。 考点三：第三人称单数作主语时的动词变化规则 结构：一般在动词后加-s;以-s-x/-ch-sh/o结尾的动词加-es;以辅音字母+y结尾的动 词变y为i加-es 例句：He teaches English in a middle school./She studies hard every day 真题再现： My mother usually_dinner for the family after work. 【2023上海杨浦区高二期末】 A)cook B)cooks C)is cooking D)cooked 答案：B 解析：nother是第三人称单数主语，动词加-s。 The girl to music when she feels stressed. 【2022上海闵行区高一质检】 A)listen B)listens C)listened D)is listening 答案：B 解析：gl是第三人称单数主语，动词加-s。 考点四：主谓一致之语法一致原则 结构：单数主语（可数名词单数/不可数名词/代词单数）配单数动词：复数主语配复数 动词 例句：This book is very interesting./These books are very interesting. 真题再现： _there any milk in the fridge?I want to have some coffee.【2021上海静安区高一期末】 A)Is B)Are C)Was D)Were 答案：A 解析：ilk是不可数名词，谓语用单数。 Three hours_enough for us to finish the task,so we don't need to worry.【2023上海宝山 区高二模拟】 A)is B)are C)was D)were 答案：A 解析：时间/距离/金额等复数名词表整体概念时用单数谓语。 考点五：主谓一致之意义一致原则 结构：集体名词(family/class/team等)作主语时，表整体用单数动词，表成员用复数 动词 Our class is the best in the grade./Our class are having a discussion now. 真题再现： The family_watching TV together when the doorbell rang.【2022上海松江区高一月考】 A)is B)are C)was D)were 答案：D 解析：watching TV together强调家庭成员个体动作。 The team_decided to postpone the match because of the bad weather..【2023上海青浦区 高二质检】 A)has B)have C)is D)are 答案：A 解析：decided表团队整体决策，用单数谓语。 考点六：主谓一致之就近原则 结构：由either..or.neither.nor.not only..but also.连接主语时，动词与就近主语保 持一致 Either you or he is responsible for the mistake.Not only the students but also the teacher likes this film 真题再现： Neither my parents nor my brother_to the party yet,so I have to wait for them.[2022 海嘉定区高一期末】 A)has gone B)have gone C)goes D)go 答案：A 解析：就近主语my brother是单数。 Not only Tom but also his friends interested in playing football..【2021上海普陀区高二 模拟】 A)is B)are C)was D)were 答案：B 解析：就近主语his friends是复数。 二、考点综合训练 I单项选择 1.She usually to school by bike,but today she a bus because her bike is broken. A)go;take B)goes;takes C)goes;is taking D)went,took 2.Physics_my favorite subject because it helps me understand the world better. A)is B)are C)was D)were 3.Either you or your sister the room every morning,right? A)clean B)cleans C)cleaned D)is cleaning 4.The police searching for the missing child in the forest now. A)is B)are C)was D)were 5.What_the population of China?It_over 1.4 billion. A)is,is B)are;are C)is;are D)are;is Ⅱ.完成句子 1.他每天花两小时练习钢琴。 He two hours_the piano every day. 2.这家工厂生产的汽车质量很好。 The cars that the factory_ good quality 3.我的家人都喜欢户外运动，我们周末经常去爬山。 My family alloutdoor activities,and we often mountains on weekends. 4.不仅学生们，他们的老师也期待这次旅行。 Not only the students but also their teacherforward to the trip. 5.水在零度结冰，这是一个科学事实。 Water_at zero degree Celsius,which_a scientific fact Ⅲ短文改错 1.My family enjoy watching movies together on weekends 2.She always help her mother with housework after school 3.The news about the accident are spreading quickly on social media. 4.Either you or your brother are responsible for cleaning the room. 5.Three years are a long time to wait for the result. V.语法填空 Water(boil)at 100C,and this(be)a basic scientific fact.Many people(believe)that daily exercise (improve)health.A team of scientists (study)this phenomenon,and their findings_(show)that even 30 minutes of walking daily_(reduce)the risk of illness.Not only adults but also teenagers(benefit)from this habit. 参考答案与解析 I单项选择答案：1.C2.A3.B4.B5.A Ⅱ完成句子答案： 1.spends;practicing 2.produces;are 3.are;enjoy,climb 4.is;looking 5.freezes; Ⅲ.短文改错答案： 1.enjoy→enjoys2.help→helps3.are→is4.are→is5.are→is V.语法填空答案： boils;is;believe;improves;studies,show,reduces;benefit 英语语法复习手册·必修3·沪教牛津版（上海教育）·一般现在时&主谓一致