4.分词作状语-2025-2026学年高中英语期末语法复习必修2（沪教版）

期末语法复习 必修2·沪教牛津版（上海教育）·分词作状语 一、分词作状语核心用法详解 考点概述：分词作状语是沪教牛津版必修2的重要语法点，用于修饰谓语动词或整个 句子，可表示时间、原因、条件、结果、伴随或方式等，核心在于现在分词表主动/进 行、过去分词表被动/完成的用法差异及在句中的逻辑关系。 考点一：分词作状语的基本用法及逻辑主语 结构：分词（短语）作状语时，其逻辑主语需与主句主语一致；现在分词表示主动或进 行，过去分词表示被动或完成 例句：Walking in the park,she met an old friend.(主动，walk的逻辑主语是she) Seen from the top of the hill,.he city looks beautiful.(被动，see的逻辑主语是the city) 真题再现： 1._he homework,he went out to play basketball.【2022上海徐汇区高二期末】 A)Finishing B)Finished C)Having finished D)Being finished 答案：C 解析：”完成作业”发生在”去打篮球”之前，且为主动关系，故用现在分词完成式 2.in the traffic jam,we arrived late for the meeting.【2021上海浦东新区高二联考】 A)Catch B)Caught C)Catching D)To catch 答案：B 解析：主语we与catch之间是被动关系（被困住），故用过去分词 考点二：现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别 结构：现在分词(doing)表主动/进行；过去分词(done)表被动/完成；现在分词完成 式(having done)表主动且先于主句动作发生 例句：Hearing the news,.she couldn't help crying.(主动，与主句动作同时) Having lived in Paris for5 years,he speaks French fluently.(主动，先于主句动作) Encouraged by her teacher,she decided to try again.（被动) 真题再现： 1._the problem many times,.he still couldn't work it out.【2023上海虹口区高二期末】 A)Explaining B)Having explained C)Explained D)Having been explained 答案：B 解析：主动关系且动作发生在主句之前，用现在分词完成式 2.一with care,the flowers will grow better..【2022上海杨浦区高二质检】 A)Watering B)Watered C)To water D)Having watered 答案：B 解析：flowers与water是被动关系，故用过去分词 考点三：分词作时间/原因/条件/伴随状语 结构：分词作时间状语可替换为when/while引导的从句：作原因状语可替换为be- case/since引导的从句；作条件状语可替换为if引导的从句；作伴随状语表示与主句动 作同时发生的状态或行为 例句：When walking along the street,I saw a strange man.(时间) Being ill,he didn't go to school..(原因) Given more time,.we can finish the task.(条件) She sat there,reading a novel.（伴随) 真题再现： 1.from the top of the tower,.we can see the whole city.【2021上海闵行区高二期末】 A)See B)Seeing C)Seen D)To see 答案：B 解析：主动关系，w执行看”的动作，用现在分词 2.late for school,he was punished by the teacher..【2023上海宝山区高二联考】 A)Being B)Be C)To be D)Been 答案：A 解析：迟到是受罚的原因，主动关系用现在分词 考点四：独立主格结构 结构：名词/代词+分词（短语），在句中作状语，分词的逻辑主语为前面的名词/代词 (与主句主语不同) 例句：The meeting being over,.we went home.(the meeting是being over的逻辑主语) Weather permitting,we will have a picnic tomorrow.(weather是permitting的逻辑主语) 真题再现： 1.The problem一，we continued our work.【2022上海黄浦区高二期末】 A)solving B)solved C)being solved D)to solve 答案：B 解析：problem与solve是被动关系，用过去分词 2.一，we had to stay at home..【2021上海嘉定区高二质检】 A)Rain falling heavily B)Heavily rain falling C)Rain fell heavily D)Because rain fell heavily 答案：A 解析：独立主格结构，raim与fall是主动关系 考点五：分词作状语与不定式作状语的区别 结构：分词作状语多表示伴随、原因、时间等：不定式作状语多表示目的、结果（意外 结果用only to do) 例句：He ran quickly,hoping to catch the bus..(分词表伴随) He ran quickly to catch the bus.(不定式表目的) He hurried to the station,.only to find the train had left.(不定式表意外结果) 真题再现： 1.He turned off the light,._to save electricity.【2023上海松江区高二期末】 A)hope B)hoping C)hoped D)to hope 答案：B 解析：伴随动作，用现在分词 2.She rushed to the hospital,_that her mother was safe.【2022上海青浦区高二联考】 A)only finding B)finding only C)only to find D)to only find 答案：C 解析：意外结果，用only to do结构 二、考点综合训练 (一)单项选择 1.-the report carefully,he found several mistakes. A)Read B)Reading C)Having read D)Being read 2.by the noise,the baby woke up from sleep. A)Disturbing B)Disturbed C)To disturb D)Having disturbed 3.more time,I will learn to play the piano well. A)Giving B)Given C)To give D)Having given 4.He walked in the street,his hands in his pockets. A)put B)putting C)to put D)having put 5.The film,the audience left the cinema quietly A)ending B)ended C)having ended D)being ended (二)完成句子 1.听到这个消息，她忍不住笑了起来。 _the news,she couldn't help laughing. 2.如果被邀请，我会参加明天的聚会。 一，I will attend tomorrow'spa1ty. 3.他站在门口，等着妈妈回家。 He stood at the door,his mother to come back. 4.已经完成了作业，他开始看电视。 his homework,he began to watch TV. (三)短文改错 下面短文中共有5处与分词作状语相关的错误，请找出并改正 1.Walk in the park,we saw many beautiful flowers. 2.Frightening by the dog,the little boy cried loudly. 3.Give enough time,we can solve the problem easily. 4.He sat there,looked at the blackboard carefully. 5.Having told the truth,he felt much relaxed. (四)语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 -(live)in the city for ten years,Mr.Li decided to move to the countryside.He wanted a qui- eter life,_(hope)to enjoy fresh air and natural scenery.One morning,-(wake)up early,he started packing his things.(load)the car with suitcases,he said goodbye to his neighbors. (drive)along the country road,he felt very excited.When(arrive)at the new house, he was surprised by its beauty.(design)with traditional style,the house looked warm and comfortable.(stand)in the yard,he smiled and thought,'This is the life I've been looking for." (五)参考答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：1.C2.B3.B4.B5.C 2.完成句子答案：1.Hearing2.Ifinvited3.waiting for4.Having finished 3.短文改错答案： 1.Walk→Walking2.Frightening→Frightened 3.Give→Given4.looked→looking 5.told前加been 4.语法填空答案： Having lived;hoping;waking;Having loaded;Driving arriving;Designed;Standing 英语语法复习手册·必修2·沪教牛津版·分词作状语