3.现在过去分词作定语-2025-2026学年高中英语期末语法复习必修2（沪教版）

期末语法复习 必修2·沪教牛津版（上海教育）·现在过去分词作定语 一、考点概述 现在/过去分词作定语是高中英语基础语法，用于修饰名词或代词。现在分词表示主动 或进行的动作，过去分词表示被动或完成的动作，在句中可前置或后置作定语。 二、核心考点解析 考点一：现在分词作定语（表示主动或进行） 结构：单个分词位于名词前，分词短语位于名词后：与所修饰名词是主动关系，或动 作正在进行 The running water makes a pleasant sound./I know the girl standing under the tree. 真题1：Look!The_(fall)leaves are dancing in the wind like beautiful butterflies..【2022 XX市高二期末】 A)fall B)falling C)fallen D)falls 答案：B 解析：表示正在飘落的树叶，主动进行动作 真题2：The students_(prepare)for the exam in the classroom are my classmates..【2023 XX省高一联考】 A)prepare B)prepares C)preparing D)prepared 答案：C 解析：students与prepare是主动关系，动作正在进行 考点二：过去分词作定语（表示被动或完成） 结构：单个分词位于名词前，分词短语位于名词后；与所修饰名词是被动关系，或动 作已完成 The broken window needs to be repaired./I like the novel written by Lu Xun 真题1：The(injure)workers are being treated in the hospital now.【2021XX市必修2 期末】 A)injure B)injuring C)injured D)to injure 答案：C 解析：workers与injure是被动关系，表示受伤的工人 真题2：Do you know the name of the bridge_(build)last year over the river?【2023XX 省高中质检】 A)build B)building C)built D)to build 答案：C 解析：bridge与build是被动关系，动作已完成 考点三：现在分词与过去分词作定语的区别（主动与被动完成与进行） 区别点：现在分词表主动或进行，过去分词表被动或完成；通过逻辑关系判断分词形式 例句：a developing country(发展中国家，主动进行)/a developed country(发达国家， 完成) 真题1：The_(excite)children are opening their Christmas presents.【2022XX市高二 月考】 A)excite B)exciting C)excited D)to excite 答案：C 解析：children感到兴奋，被动感受 真题2：We need to solve the(ise)problem of environmental pollution.【2023XX省 必修2模拟】 A)rise B)rising C)risen D)to rise 答案：B 解析：problem正在加剧，主动进行 考点四：分词短语作后置定语（相当于定语从句的省略） 结构：分词短语位于名词后，可转换为which仙at+谓语”结构；主动用现在分词，被 动用过去分词 例句：The man speaking at the meeting is our headmaster.(=The man who is speaking..） 真题1：Most of the people._(invite)to the party were my old fiiends.【2021XX市期 末】 A)invite B)inviting C)invited D)to invite 答案：C 解析：people与invite是被动关系 真题2：The book_ie)on the desk belongs to Mary.【2022XX省必修2联考】 A)lie B)lying C)lay D)lain 答案：B 解析：book与lie是主动关系 三、考点综合训练 (一)单项选择 1.Thechildren are laughing loudly in the park A)excite B)exciting C)excited D)to excite 2.We visited a factorycars for over 50 years. A)produce B)producing C)produced D)to produce 3.The story_by my grandma yesterday made me cry. A)tell B)telling C)told D)to tell 4.I saw a girl_a red dress standing at the school gate. A)wear B)wearing C)worn D)to wear 5.The sun is shining brightly,so we need sunglasses A)rise B)rising C)risen D)to rise (二)完成句子 1.正在图书馆看书的学生们都很认真。 The students books in the library are very careful. 2.昨天买的那支钢笔写起来很流畅。 The pen_yesterday writes very smoothly 3.那个戴着眼镜的男孩是我们班的班长。 The boy_ glasses is our monitor. 4.我们应该帮助那些处于困境中的人。 We should help the people_trouble (三)短文改错 下面短文中共有5处与分词作定语相关的错误，请找出并改正 1.The fall leaves covered the ground like a golden carpet. 2.I met an old friend inviting by my brother to the party 3.The develop technology has changed our daily life greatly. 4.Do you know the girl dress in a blue coat over there? 5.The problem discussing at the meeting yesterday was quite serious. (四)语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 A group of students_(visit)the museum now are from No.1 Middle School.The museum, (build)in 1950,has a history of over 70 years.Inside,there are many_(interest)exhibits. including some ancient tools_(use)by people long ago.A guide_(explain)the history of each exhibit is very knowledgeable.The students_(listen)to her with great attention. (五)参考答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：1.C2.B3.C4.B5.B 2.完成句子答案：1.reading2.bought3.wearing4.in 3.短文改错答案： l.fall→fallen2.inviting→invited3.develop→developed 4.dress→dressed5.discussing→discussed 4.语法填空答案： 1.visiting 2.built 3.interesting 4.used 5.explaining 6.listening 英语语法复习手册·必修2·沪教牛津版·现在/过去分词作定语