3.被动语态基础用法-2025-2026学年高中英语期末语法复习必修1（沪教版）

期末语法复习 必修1·沪教牛津版（上海教育）·被动语态基础用法 一、被动语态基础用法概述 被动语态基础用法是英语中表示动作承受者为主语的语法结构，强调动作的承受而非 执行者，核心在于通过“be动词+及物动词过去分词”构成不同时态的被动形式。 二、核心考点详解 考点一：被动语态的基本结构 结构：be动词(am/is/are/was/were/been/being)+及物动词的过去分词 例句：English is spoken by many people around the world. 真题再现： 1.The Olympic Games_every four years..[2022·上海高一期末] A)hold B)held C)are held D)were held 答案：C 2.A new hospital in our city last year.[2021·XX市高一联考] A)builds B)built C)was built D)is built 答案：C 「考点二：不同时态的被动语态 一般现在时：amis/are+过去分词 例句：This book is written by a famous writer. 一般过去时：was/were+过去分词 例句：The letters were posted yesterday. 一般将来时：will be/be going to be+过去分词 例旬：A new library will be built next year.. 现在进行时：amis/are+being+过去分词 例句：The bridge is being1 epaired now. 现在完成时：have/has+been+过去分词 例句：My homework has been finished already 真题再现： 1.Many trees_in our school in the past three years.[2023·上海浦东新区期末] A)plant B)planted C)have planted D)have been planted 答案：D 2.Look!The old houses_down to make room for a new park.[2022·XX市高一质检] A)pull B)are pulling C)are being pulled D)pulled 答案：C 考点三：主动语态变被动语态 规则：(1)主动语态的宾语变为主语；(2)谓语动词变为“be+过去分词”；(3)主动语态 的主语前加by(可省略) 例句： 主动：People speak English in many countries 被动：English is spoken(by people)in many countries. 真题再现： 1.They will finish the project next month.(改为被动语态) The project next month.[2021·上海虹口区期末] 答案：will be finished 2.He gave me a present on my birthday..(改为被动语态) A present_ me on my birthday.[2022·XX省高一联考] 答案：was given to 考点四：感官动词和使役动词的被动语态 规则：感官动词(see/hear/watch等)和使役动词(make/let/have等)在主动语态中接不带 to的不定式，变为被动语态时要加to 例句： 主动：We saw him enter the room. 被动：He was seen to enter the room 主动：The teacher made us read the text. 被动：We were made to read the text 真题再现： l.We heard her sing in the next room yesterday.(改为被动语态) She sing in the next room yesterday.[2023·上海黄浦区期末] 答案：was heard to 2.The boss made the workers work 1:2 hours a day.（改为被动语态) The workers work12 hours a day.[2022·XX市高一一模] 答案：were made to 考点五：含有情态动词的被动语态 结构：情态动词(can/may/must/should等)+be+过去分词 例句：This problem can be solved easily 真题再现： 1.The work finished before Friday,or we will be punished.[2021·上海高一期末] A)must B)must be C)must have D)must to be 答案：B 2.Your homework handed in tomorrow morning.[2023·XX省高一联考] A)should B)should be C)should have D)should to be 答案：B 三、考点综合训练 (一)单项选择 1.The 2024 Olympic Games_in Paris. A)hold B)are held C)will be held D)were held 2.A new bridge_over the river since last year. A)built B)has built C)is being built D)has been built 3.My mother often tells me that good habits_at an early age. A)teach B)are taught C)will teach D)were taught 4.Look!The old photos_by my sister on the wall. A)are hanging B)are being hung C)hang D)hung 5.The problem by the teacher in the next class. A)explains B)will explain C)will be explained D)was explained 6.These books_to the library in two weeks. A)must return B)must be returned C)return D)are returned 7.We not to touch the ancient paintings in the museum yesterday A)tell B)told C)are told D)were told 8.The little girl to sing English songs by her father every evening. A)teaches B)is taught C)taught D)was teaching (二)完成句子 1.这座图书馆是2005年建造的。 This library in 2005 2.这些旧衣服将被捐赠给贫困地区。 These old clothes to poor areas 3.据说这个故事是一位老人写的。 It is said that this storyby an old man. 4.当我到达时，会议已经被推迟了。 The meeting by the time I arrived. 5.学生们被要求每天读一篇英语文章。 Students_read an English article every day. 6.这份报告必须在周五前提交。 This report before Friday. (三)短文改错（下面短文中共有6处与被动语态相关的错误，请找出并改正） 1.English is speaking by people all over the world. 2.The letter was send to my address yesterday. 3.Many trees have planted in our school in the past five years. 4.A new hospital will build near our community next year. 5.The thief was seen enter the shop at 9 p.m. 6.Children are make to learn piano by their parents sometimes. (四)语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形 式。 A school art festival(hold)in our school every year.Last month,the 10th art festival (organize)successfully.During the festival,many activities (hold),such as painting shows,music performances and drama plays. One of the most popular activities was the"Recycled Art"competition.Students_(ask)to create works using waste materials.A beautiful vase made of plastic bottles_(choose)as the first prize.The student who made it said,"I hope more people_(inspire)to protect the environment through my work." Teachers and parents also(invite)to the festival.They praised the students'creativity and hard work."These art works(create)with love and imagination,"said our headmaster."I believe the festival(continue)to bring us more surprises in the future." (五)参考答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：1.C2.D3.B4.B5.C6.B7.D8.B 2.完成句子答案： 1.was built 2.will be donated 3.was written 4.had been put off 5.are required to 6.must be submitted 3.短文改错答案： l.speaking→spoken2.send→sent3.have planted→have been planted 4.will build→will be built5.enter→to enter6.make→made 4.语法填空答案： 1.is held 2.was organized 3.were held 4.were asked 5.was chosen 6.will be inspired 7.were invited 8.are created 9.will be continued 英语语法复习手册·必修1·沪教牛津版·被动语态基础用法