2.句子核心成分判定-2025-2026学年高中英语期末语法复习必修1（沪教版）

期末语法复习 必修1·沪教牛津版（上海教育）·句子核心成分判定 一、 句子核心成分判定详解 考点概述 句子核心成分判定是英语语法基础，用于识别构成句子的关键要素，核心考点围绕主 语、谓语、宾语、表语等基本成分的界定与区分展开。 考点一：主语的判定 结构：句子中表示动作的发出者或被描述的主体，通常由名词、代词、动名词、不定 式或名词性从句充当 例句：The students(主语)are reading English in the classroom. 真题1：is important for everyone to learn English well.[2022·上海浦东新区高一期末] A)This B)That C)It D)What 答案：C 真题2：Playing basketball(主语)my favorite$pot.[2021·上海黄浦区高一月考] A)is B)are C)was D)were 答案：A 考点二：谓语的判定 结构：表示主语的动作或状态，由动词或动词短语充当，有时态、语态和人称的变化 例句：She(主语)speaks(谓语)three foreign languages. 真题1：My parents usually_up early to cook breakfast for me.[2023·上海徐汇区高一 期末] A)get B)gets C)got D)will get 答案：A 真题2：A new library in our school last year..[2022·上海闵行区高一质检] A)build B)built C)was built D)will be built 答案：C 考点三：宾语的判定 结构：及物动词或介词后面的成分，表示动作的对象或内容，通常由名词、代词、动 名词、不定式或宾语从句充当 例句：He(主语)enjoys(谓语)reading books(宾语) 真题1：Could you please tell me_the nearest post office is'?[2021·上海静安区高一月 考] A)what B)when C)where D)how 答案：C 真题2：She decideda course in English literature next term.[2023·上海杨浦区高一期 末] A)take B)taking C)to take D)took 答案：C 考点四：表语的判定 结构：系动词后面的成分，说明主语的身份、性质、特征或状态，通常由名词、形容 词、副词、介词短语、不定式、分词或表语从句充当 例句：Her hobby(主语)is painting(表语) 真题1：The cake smells_and tastes even better.[2022·上海虹口区高一期末] A)well B)good C)nicely D)beautifully 答案：B 真题2：The reason why he was late is he missed the early bus.[2023·上海普陀区高一 质检] A)because B)that C)for D)which 答案：B 考点五：核心成分的识别与区分 结构：通过分析句子结构区分主语、谓语、宾语、表语，注意主谓一致、及物动词与不 及物动词的用法差异 例句：The old man(主语)told(谓语)us(间接宾语)an interesting story(直接宾语) 真题1：in the morning,my sister often helps my mother_breakfast..[2021·上海宝山☒ 高一联考] A)make B)making C)to making D)made 答案：A 真题2：The news_our team won the game made us excited.[2022·上海松江区高一期 灯 A)which B)that C)what D)how 答案：B 二、考点综合训练 (一)单项选择 1.My brother basketball every afternoon after school. A)play B)plays C)played D)will play 2.The little girl asked her mother her a story. A)tell B)telling C)to tell D)told 3.Our classroom_every day to keep it clean. A)cleans B)is cleaned C)cleaned D)was cleaned 4.The problem is we can finish the work on time A)if B)that C)whether D)what 5.is necessary for us to master basic grammar rules. A)This B)That C)It D)What (二)完成句子 1.她的梦想是成为一名医生。 Her dreama doctor. 2.我们昨天在公园里拍了很多照片。 We many photos in the park yesterday 3.老师经常鼓励我们努力学习。 The teacher often us_study hard. 4.这台电脑花了我三千元。 This computer me three thousand yuan 5.他看起来很高兴，因为他通过了考试。 He_happy because he passed the exam. (三)单项选择 1.My father newspapers every morning before work. A)read B)reads C)reading D)will read 2.The children are excited because they_to the zoo tomorrow. A)take B)took C)will be taken D)are taking 3.Could you please explain this machine works? A)what B)how C)when D)where 4.The soup tastes_and we all want more. A)well B)nicely C)good D)beautifully 5.The fact_he won the competition surprised everyone. A)that B)which C)what D)how (四)完成句子 1.她的爱好是弹钢琴。 Her hobby_ the piano. 2.我们上周在北京参观了很多博物馆。 We many museums in Beijing last week. 3.妈妈建议我每天练习英语口语。 My mother advised mespoken English every day. 4.这座桥是去年建成的。 This bridge last year. 5.他看起来很累，因为他工作了一整夜。 He_tired because he worked all night. (五)短文改错 1.He usually go to school by bike. 2.The flowers in the garden smells sweet. 3.My teacher told us that light traveled faster than sound. 4.I wonder where is the nearest supermarket 5.She is the girl which won the first prize in the contest. (六)语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tom is a high school student.Every morning,he(get)up at 6:30 and(have)breakfast with his family.His mother often tells him that breakfast(be)the most important meal of the day.After school,Tom usually(play)basketball with his friends for an hour.Last Sat- urday,they_(win)a match,and their teacher_(praise)them.Tom hopes he_(become)a basketball player when he grows up.His parents always encourage him(follow)his dream. (七)参考答案与解析 (一)单项选择答案：1.B2.C3.B4.B5.C (二)完成句子答案： 1.is to become 2.took 3.encourages;to 4.cost 5.looks (三)单项选择答案：1.B2.C3.B4.C5.A (四)完成句子答案： 1.is playing 2.visited 3.to practice 4.was built 5.looks (五)短文改错答案： 1.go→goes2.smells-→smell3.traveled-→travels4.is the nearest-→the nearest is 5.vhich→wlho (六)语法填空答案： 1.gets 2.has 3.is 4.plays 5.won 6.praised 7.will become 8.to follow 英语语法复习手册·必修1·沪教牛津版（上海教育）·句子核心成分判定