Unit10过去时的被动语态-2025-2026学年高中英语期末语法复习选择性必修4（北师大版）

期末语法复习 选修4·北师大版·Unit10:过去时的被动语态 一、过去时的被动语态详解 过去时的被动语态是高中英语常用语法，用于表述过去发生的动作对主语造成的影响， 核心在于通过“was/were-+过去分词”结构体现动作的承受者和过去的时间范畴。 考点一：过去时被动语态的基本结构 结构：主语+was/were+过去分词（肯定句）；主语+wasn't/weren't+过去分词（否定 句)：Was/Were+主语+过去分词？（一般疑问句） The letter was written by Tom yesterday./The windows weren't cleaned last week./ Were the books borrowed from the library? 真题1：Many trees in the park last year..[2023·北师大版选修4期末模拟]以 A)plant B)planted C)were planted D)are planted 答案：C 真题2： 一the homework_by you yesterday?[2022·XX市高二期末] -Yes,I finished it on time. A)Was;done B)Did;do C)Is;done D)Do;do 答案：A 考点二：过去时被动语态中动作执行者的表达 结构：主语+was/were+过去分词+by+动作执行者by短语可省略，强调动作执行 者时保留) The novel was written by Mo Yan in 2005./The room was cleaned (by my sister)just now 真题1：This famous song_by a young1 nusician in2010.[2023·Xx省联考] A)sang B)was sang C)was sung D)is sung 答案：C 真题2：The old photos._by my father when he was young.[2022·北师大版选修4单元测试] A)took B)were taken C)are taken D)take 答案：B 考点三：过去时被动语态与主动语态的转换 规则：主动句宾语变被动句主语，谓语动词用“was/wee+过去分词”，主动句主语变 为by短语（可省略） 例句：主动：They built the bridge in2019.→被动：The bridge was built in20l9(by them) 真题1：People spoke English in this meeting yesterday.(改为被动语态) English_in this meeting yesterday.[2023·XX市高二质检] 答案：was spoken 真题2：The workers finished the project last month.(改为被动语态) The project_by the workers last month.[2022·北师大版选修4期末真题] 答案：was finished 考点四：过去时被动语态在语境中的应用 场景：描述过去发生的动作，强调动作的承受者或动作本身，而非执行者；常见时间 状语：yesterday,last week,in2020,just now等 The museum was visited by thousands of people last weekend./My bike was stolen yesterday. 真题1：-What happened to your phone? It_when I was walking on the street.[2023·新高考模拟] A)drops B)dropped C)was dropped D)is dropped 答案：C 真题2：A new school in our town last year,and now it has over500 students.[2022·Xx 省高二联考] A)builds B)built C)was built D)is built 答案：C 考点五：过去时被动语态的否定句和疑问句 否定句结构：主语+wasn't/weren't+过去分词 疑问句结构：Was/Were+主语+过去分词？ 例句：否定：The meeting wasn't held on Monday./These books weren't returned to the library. Was the letter sent to your parents?/Were the children taken to the park by their teacher? 真题1：The homework (not finish)by Tom yesterday because he was ill.[2023·北师大 版选修4单元测试] 答案：wasn't finished 真题2：一_the sports meeting_hold)last Friday? 一No,it was put off because of rair.[2022·XX市高二期末] 答案：Was,held 二、考点综合训练 (一)单项选择 1.The old temple in the 1980s and many visitors come to visit it now. A)builds B)built C)was built D)is built 2.-the computerby your brother yesterday? -No,he asked someone else to fix it. A)Did;repair B)Was;repaired C)Is;repaired D)Does;repair 3.These traditional stories by grandparents to children for centuries. A)tell B)told C)are told D)were told 4.The meetingbecause the manager was ill,so we all went home early A)wasn't held B)isn't held C)didn't hold D)won't hold 5.A new library in our school last term,and itvery popular among students. A)built,is B)was built,was C)was built;is D)built;was (二)完成句子 1.这些旧照片是我妈妈十年前拍的。 These old photos_by my mother ten years ago. 2.昨天的足球比赛没有在操场上举行。 The football match_on the playground yesterday. 3.这部电影是去年由一位著名导演执导的。 This film_by a famous director last year. 4.当我到达时，会议已经被取消了。 The meeting_ when I arrived 5.这些书上周被学生们从图书馆借走了。 These books from the library by the students last week. (三)短文改错下面短文中共有5处与过去时被动语态相关的错误，请找出并改正 Last Sunday,my friends and I decided to visit a museum.When we arrived,we found that the museum was close.A sign on the door said it was closed for repairs.We were told that the repairs would finish in three days.I wish the museum was open that day,so we could see the new exhibition.Many visitors were disappointing and left quietly. (四)语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Last month,a charity event 1.(organize)by our school to help children in poor areas. The event 2.(hold)in the school hall and all students were invited to take part.Before the event,we 3.-(ask)to donate books,clothes and stationery.On the day of the event, many interesting activities 4.(arrange),such as a book sale and a talent show.All the money raised 5.-(give)to the children's foundation.Everyone was happy that the event 6. (support)by so many people. (五)参考答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：1.C2.B3.D4.A5.C 2.完成句子答案： 1.were taken 2.wasn't held 3.was directed 4.had been cancelled 5.were bor- rowed 3.短文改错答案： close→closed2.finish→be finished3.was→had been4.was→were5.disap- pointing disappointed 4.语法填空答案： 1.was organized 2.was held 3.were asked 4.were arranged 5.was given 6. was supported 英语语法复习手册·选修4·北师大版·Unit10:过去时的被动语态