专题03 必修二 Unit 3 Festivals and customs 重难知识综合复习（寒假复习讲义）高一英语译林版

专题03 必修二 Unit 3 Festivals and customs (必修二) （寒假复习讲与练） 考点聚焦: 关注核心考点，学考结合 重点速记: 词汇短语梳理，夯实基础 难点强化: 重点难点突破，能力提升 学以致用: 真题感知再现，助力高考 ----------------------------------------------- •‿• 单元知识回顾 •‿• ---------------------------------------------- 重点单词 impression, occasion, tradition, entrance, represent, convenient, fortune, select, settle, identity, observe, tear, bite, package, chain, clap, wedding, decorate, promote, lunar, observe, generation, previous, precious 必备短语 anything but，in the air，be caught up in，pass down，fall on，in honour of， set off，fire engine，make a deep impression on sb. dress up in，in the air， jump into action，play an energetic samba beat，be stuffed with，stand for， be convenient for sb. on one’s arrival，light up，set off firecrackers 疑难长句 1. Then they took seven steps together by the fire, and with each step made a different promise about how they were going to support each other and live together happily. 教材p30） 2. Iceboxes of soft drinks and beer lined the narrow streets, and the smell of roasted meat filled the air as we passed wave after wave of street stands.（教材p31） 3. No wonder fire engines are needed to wash the streets after the fight — the town looks like it has been decorated with red paint. (教材 p 33) 阅读微技能 Nonfiction文本阅读中Similarities和Difference的识别 语法与修辞 过去将来时的构成和用法 ❖ 重点单词 ✎------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 一、根据所给中文意义，写出英文单词。 1. n. 印象, 感想; 影响, 效果 2. n. 特殊场合, 盛会; 时刻; 时机 3. n. 传统, 传统的信仰 (或风俗) 4. n. 进入, 出场; 入口; 进入权; 准许加入 5. vt. 代表; 为⋯⋯代言; 体现 6. adj. 方便的, 省事的, 便利的, 实用的 7. vt. 选择, 挑选 8. vi. & vt. 定居; 结束; 解决; 决定; 使处于舒适的位置 9. n. 特性; 身份 10. vt. 遵守; 注意到; 观察; 庆祝 11. n. 眼泪,泪珠. /tɪə(r)/ vt. & vi. (tore,torn) 撕裂,撕碎 12. n. (咬下的) 一口; 咬; 咬伤. vt. & vi. (bit, bitten) 咬, 叮 13. n. 包, 盒; 包裹; 一套, 一揽子. vt. 将⋯⋯包装好; 包装 14. n. 链子, 链条; 一系列; 连锁店. vt. 用锁链拴住 15. vi. & vt. 鼓掌, 拍手. n. 鼓掌, 拍手 16. n. 婚礼, 结婚庆 17. vt. & ⅵ. 装饰; 点缀; 粉刷, 油漆 18. vt. 促进, 推动; 促销; 提升, 晋升 19. adj. 月亮的, 月球的 20. n. 一代人; 代, 一代; 产生 21. adj. 先前的, 以往的; 稍前的 22. adj. 宝贵的, 珍贵的; 珍奇的, 珍稀的 二、用以上所复习的单词，完成下列句子。 1. The artist hoped her work would leave a lasting ____________ on visitors, capturing both beauty and emotion. 2. The national day celebration was a grand ____________, attended by dignitaries from around the world. 3. Making dumplings together during the Spring Festival is a cherished family ____________ that has been passed down for generations. 4. The main ____________ to the museum was decorated with flowers, welcoming guests to the new exhibition. 5. In many cultures, the color red ____________ good luck, happiness, and prosperity. 6. Online shopping is ____________ because it allows people to buy goods from home at any time. 7. Please ____________ the items you wish to purchase before proceeding to the checkout counter. 8. After years of traveling, they decided to ____________ in a small coastal town and open a café. 9. Language is a key part of cultural ____________, shaping how communities see themselves and the world. 10. It is important to ____________ local customs and etiquette when visiting a foreign country. 11. A ____________ rolled down her cheek when she heard the moving story, and she carefully wiped it away. 12. The small ____________ on his hand was from a mosquito, but it itched terribly for days. 13. She received a ____________ from her grandmother containing homemade cookies and a handwritten letter. 14. The old bicycle was locked to the fence with a heavy ____________ to prevent theft. 15. The audience erupted into applause, giving a loud ____________ as the performer took a bow on stage. 16. The ____________ was held in a beautiful garden, with close friends and family celebrating the couple's union. 17. They decided to ____________ the living room with fairy lights and photos to create a warm atmosphere. 18. The new advertising campaign aims to ____________ environmental awareness and encourage recycling. 19. The ____________ calendar, based on the phases of the moon, is used to determine the dates of many traditional festivals. 20. The younger ____________ often has a different perspective on technology and social media compared to their parents. 21. Building on ____________ research, the scientist developed a new theory that challenged existing assumptions. 22. Time spent with loved ones is a ____________ gift that should be cherished and remembered. 三、通过语境记单词：根据所给短文的中文翻译，用以上单词填空。注意时态语态的变化。 The Meaning of Tea In our family, preparing tea is not just a habit; it’s more than a habit; it’s a cherished __________ . Every Sunday, my grandfather would __________ the best tea leaves. This small __________ was __________ to him—a way to __________ family connection. He said the tea __________ our cultural __________. We would __________ him slowly pour hot water into the pot. The __________ of its strong pleasant smell always left a strong __________ on me. One time, a hot cup almost slipped from my hand, but I caught it before a __________ could form. Grandfather smiled and took a small __________ of a cookie. After he passed, I opened a __________ he left for me—inside was his old tea set and a note. Now, I continue this __________ with my own children. It’s __________ to just make tea quickly, but taking time feels more __________. Through this simple act, I feel we __________ into a __________ of love across __________. Sometimes, the children __________ when the tea is ready. It’s our quiet __________ of past and present, our hearts __________ with memory. 茶的意义 在我们家，泡茶不只是一种习惯；它不是习惯而已，是个传统。每个周日，祖父都会挑选最好的茶叶。这个小小的场合对他来说很宝贵——是促进家庭联系的一种方式。他说这茶代表着我们的文化身份。 我们会看着他将热水慢慢倒入壶中。茶香的出现总能给我留下深刻的印象。有一次，一个热茶杯差点从我手中滑落，但在我掉眼泪之前我接住了它。祖父笑了笑，咬了一小口饼干。 他去世后，我打开他留给我的一个包裹——里面是他旧的茶具和一张字条。现在，我和自己的孩子继续这个传统。快速泡茶很方便，但花时间慢慢来感觉更珍贵。通过这个简单的举动，我感到我们融入了跨越几代人的爱的链条中。有时，茶泡好时孩子们会鼓掌。这是我们过去与现在安静的结合，我们的心被回忆装点着。 四、词性转化练习 1．annual adj.每年的，年度的；一年的→ ____________ n．周年纪念日→ ____________ adv.每年一次地 2. tradition n. 传统, 传统的信仰 (或风俗) → ____________ adj. 传统的 → ____________ adv. 传统上 3．engine n．发动机，引擎→ ____________ n．工程师→ ____________ n．工程 4. occasion n. 特殊场合, 盛会; 时刻; 时机 → ____________ adj. 偶尔的 → ____________ adv. 偶尔，有时 5．promote vt.促进，推动；促销；提升，晋升→ ____________ n．提升，晋升 6．package n．包，盒；包裹；一套，一揽子 vt. 将⋯⋯包装好；包装→ ____________ vt.收拾 (行李)；包装 7．generation n．代；一代人→ generate vt.生成，产生；生育繁殖(后代) → ____________ adj.有生产能力的 → ____________ vt. 发电机，电力公司 8．source n．来源；起源；源头→ ____________ n．资源 9. identity n．特性；身份→ ____________ vt.认出；识别；鉴定→ ____________ n．身份证明→ ____________ adj.可辨认的 10．wedding n．婚礼，结婚庆典→ ____________ v．结婚；娶；嫁 11．decorate vt. 装饰；点缀→ ____________ n．装饰 12．honour n．荣誉，尊敬→____________ adj.可敬的 五、词性转换巩固练习：用以上所复习的单词及其相关词性，完成以下句子。 1. The town’s Spring Festival is an annual event, and this year marks the 50th anniversary of its founding. The main parade is held annually on the first Saturday of March. (annual) 2. Making rice cakes is a tradition during the holiday. Traditionally, women gather to prepare them, using traditional methods passed down through families. (tradition) 3. The festival committee includes an engineer who designs the stage. With a background in engineering, he ensures every structure is safe, even checking the old engine of a display vehicle. (engineer) 4. The festival is a special occasion for the whole town. Occasional showers may occur, but they occasionally bring rainbows that add to the beauty. (occasion) 5. The goal is to promote local culture. The recent promotion of a young artist to festival director has brought fresh ideas. (promote) 6. Volunteers help package gift bags for children. Each package contains a book and handmade toys, which they carefully pack into colorful boxes. (package) 7. The older generation loves to share stories that generate laughter. A portable generator provides electricity for the evening concerts. (generation) 8. Local farms are the main source of food for the festival. The committee makes good use of every resource, reducing waste to a minimum. (source) 9. Wearing masks is part of the local cultural identity. Visitors can easily identify dancers by their unique masks, which are clearly identifiable even from a distance. (identity) 10. The festival concludes with a symbolic wedding ceremony that represents unity. Two community volunteers wed in this playful ritual every year. (wedding) 11. Students decorate the streets with handmade lanterns. Their creative decoration has won praise from everyone. (decorate) 12. It is an honour to perform at the festival. The most honourable guest is the elderly founder, who is greeted with great respect. (honour) ❖ 重点词组 ✎------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 一、根据所给中文意义，写出本单元所学词组。 1. 决不, 根本不 2. 可感觉到; 在传播中 3. 被卷入, 陷入 4. 使世代相传, 流传 5. 适逢, 正当 6. 向⋯⋯表示敬意, 纪念 7. 使爆炸 8. 消防车 9. 给某人留下深刻印象 10. 穿着⋯⋯(的衣服) 11. 可感觉到，在空中 12. 立即行动 13. 走起劲爆的桑巴节拍 14. 填满，塞满 15. 代表 16. 对某人来说是方便的 17. 某人一到 18. 使光亮，放光彩 19. 放鞭炮 二、通过语境记词组：根据所给短文的中文翻译，用以上词组填空。注意动词时态、语态等变化。 The Unexpected Festival When I arrived in Brazil, I had planned a quiet study trip. That was ___________________ what I got. ___________________, the city was ___________________ colorful flags. A lively atmosphere was ___________________. I was instantly ___________________ the carnival spirit. My local friend, Ana, explained the festival ___________________ that weekend ___________________ the city's founding. Suddenly, a loud bang! Someone had ___________________ nearby. For a moment, I thought it was a ___________________ siren. A parade then ___________________. A band began to ___________________. The streets were ___________________ dancing crowds. Ana told me the dance moves were ___________________ through generations and ___________________ joy and unity. Seeing everyone's faces ___________________ with pure happiness ___________________. It wasn't the ________________trip I'd imagined. It was better—a vibrant lesson in living. 意想不到的节日 我抵达巴西时，本计划进行一次安静的学习之旅。但这根本不是我所得到的。我一到，城市就装饰着彩旗。一种活跃的气氛弥漫在空中。我立刻被卷入了狂欢节的热潮中。我的当地朋友安娜解释说，这个节日恰逢那个周末，是为了纪念城市的建立。 突然，一声巨响！附近有人放鞭炮了。有一瞬间，我以为是消防车的警笛声。一支游行队伍随即立即行动起来。一个乐队开始走起劲爆的桑巴节拍。街道上挤满了跳舞的人群。安娜告诉我，这些舞蹈动作是世代相传的，代表着欢乐与团结。看到每个人的脸上都绽放出纯粹的快乐，这给我留下了深刻的印象。 这不是我预想中那种方便的旅行。它更棒——是一堂关于如何生活的生动课程。 ❖ 疑难长句 ✎------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Then they took seven steps together by the fire, and with each step made a different promise about how they were going to support each other and live together happily. 教材p30） 这是一个由 并列连词“and” 连接的两个分句组成的 并列复合句。总体结构： 分句1 + and + 分句2。 分句 1: Then they took seven steps together by the fire. 主语 they；谓语动词took；宾语 seven steps；状语（方式状语: together地点状语: by the fire 句首状语: Then表示时间顺序)。分句 1 的简化核心： They took steps. 并列连词: and 分句 2: with each step made a different promise about how they were going to support each other and live together happily. 主语they (承前省略，与分句1主语相同)；谓语动词made；宾语a different promise；状语（方式状语with each step，表示伴随状况或方式)； 定语 (Attributive): about how ... happily (介词短语作后置定语，修饰“promise”) 这个定语本身包含一个 宾语从句：how they were going to support each other and live together happily. 该宾语从句由连接副词 how 引导。 从句主语they；谓语：were going to support and live；宾语：each other (support的宾语)； 状语：together happily (live的状语) 分句 2 的简化核心： (They) made a promise. 【译文】 然后，他们在火旁一起走了七步，每走一步都许下一个不同的承诺，关于他们将如何相互支持、幸福地共同生活。 【翻译】 Then they planted three trees side by side in the garden, and with each tree whispered a secret wish about how they would grow old together and watch the seasons change. 2. Iceboxes of soft drinks and beer lined the narrow streets, and the smell of roasted meat filled the air as we passed wave after wave of street stands.（教材p31） 这是一个由 并列连词“and” 连接、并包含一个 时间状语从句 的 并列复合句。 总体结构： 分句1 + and + 分句2 + 时间状语从句（修饰分句2） 分句 1: Iceboxes of soft drinks and beer lined the narrow streets 主语 (Subject): Iceboxes (of soft drinks and beer)。“of...”是介词短语作后置定语，修饰“Iceboxes”；谓语动词lined；宾语the narrow streets。分句1简化核心： Iceboxes lined the streets. 并列连词: and 分句 2: the smell of roasted meat filled the air 主语the smell (of roasted meat)。“of...”是介词短语作后置定语，修饰“the smell”；谓语动词filled；宾语the air 分句2简化核心： The smell filled the air. 时间状语从句: as we passed wave after wave of street stands. 从属连词as (表示“当……时”) 从句主语we；从句谓语动词passed；从句宾语wave after wave of street stands (“wave after wave”是生动的数量表达，作“street stands”的同位语/定语)。从句功能: 修饰主句（分句2）“the smell...filled the air”发生的时间背景。 【译文】 冰镇汽水和啤酒的冰柜排满了狭窄的街道，烤肉的气味弥漫在空气中，我们经过一波又一波街边摊。 【翻译】 Strings of festive lanterns arched over the bustling alley, and the sound of vendors hawking their goods echoed all around as we navigated through crowd after crowd of eager tourists. 3. No wonder fire engines are needed to wash the streets after the fight — the town looks like it has been decorated with red paint. (教材 p 33) 这是一个通过破折号连接的、包含因果和比喻关系的并列句。总体结构： 主句（表结果） + 破折号 + 解释性分句（表原因与状态） 主句No wonder fire engines are needed to wash the streets after the fight；固定短语/评注性状语No wonder (意为“难怪”，表达说话者的推论和评价，是句子的逻辑起点)。主语fire engines； 谓语动词are needed (被动语态)；目的状语to wash the streets；时间状语 after the fight； 主句简化核心： (It is no wonder that) Fire engines are needed. 连接符号功能： 破折号在此表示突然的停顿和转折，引出对前文更生动、更夸张的解释、补充或强调。 解释性分句: the town looks like it has been decorated with red paint.主语the town；系动词looks；表语like it has been decorated with red paint (介词like引导的表语从句，包含一个完整的被动语态句子作为比喻)；表语从句it has been decorated with red paint。其中主语it (指代 the town)；从句谓语: has been decorated (现在完成时被动语态)；方式状语: with red paint。 分句简化核心： The town looks decorated. 【译文】 难怪结束后需要消防车来清洗街道——整个小镇看起来就像被红漆装饰过一样。 【翻译】 No wonder cleanup crews work through the night after the festival — the square looks like it has been carpeted with confetti and streamers. ❖ 语法讲与练 ✎------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 过去将来时 一、含义 过去将来时表示从过去某个时间点来看，将要发生的动作或状态。它常见于过去语境下的预测、计划或意愿，如讲故事、转述他人想法或描述过去的计划。简单理解：站在“过去”，看“未来”。 二、构成 1. would + 动词原形（最常见） He said he would come to the party. 他说他会来参加聚会。 2. was/were going to + 动词原形（表过去的计划或预测） She was going to study abroad next year.她明年打算出国留学。 3. was/were about to + 动词原形（表过去即将发生的动作） The train was about to leave when we arrived. 我们到达时，火车即将开动。 三、用法与例句 1. 表达过去的预测（过去认为会发生的事） They believed it would rain later. 他们相信稍后会下雨。 2. 转述过去说的未来计划（常用于间接引语） Tom told me he would call me the next day. 汤姆告诉我他第二天会给我打电话。 3. 描述过去的意图或计划 I was going to finish the report, but I fell ill. 我本来打算完成报告，但我生病了。 4. 在故事中叙述后续发展 The hero didn't know that this decision would change his life forever. 英雄不知道这个决定将永远改变他的人生。 四、课堂练习（汉译英） 1. 他说他下周会帮我。 2. 我本来打算早起，但睡过头了。 3. 她以为考试会很难。 4. 飞机即将起飞时，他赶到了。 5. 我们原以为他们会赢。 ❖ 高考真题再现 ✎-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. (2024年 全国新高考I卷) One of the major events ... was the Marathon. He promised his mother he ____________ (run) the Marathon if his health permitted. 2. (2023年 全国甲卷) I told him that I ____________ (visit) him the next Friday. 3. (2022年 北京卷) Little did I know then that this small step ____________ (change) my life forever. 4. (2021年 浙江卷1月) He had no idea that this simple act ____________ (bring) him fame and fortune years later. ❖ 阅读微技能 ✎------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 结论的推导 请再次仔细阅读课文Alex around the world，回答以下问题，选出正确答案。 1. What was the bride wearing at the Indian wedding? A. A white wedding gown. B. A colorful formal dress. C. An eye-catching red silk sari. D. A fancy costume with flags. 2. How was Alex’s role DIFFERENT in the two events? A. He was a performer in both. B. He was merely an observer in both. C. He led ceremonies in India and danced in Brazil. D. He was a guest at the wedding and a participant in the Carnival. 3. Why does Alex mention “taking seven steps together by the fire” at the wedding? A. To show how long the ceremony lasted. B. To give an example of a romantic and meaningful custom. C. To complain about the complexity of the ritual. D. To compare it with dancing at the Carnival. 4. What is a common element that impressed Alex in BOTH celebrations? A. The extravagant food and drinks. B. The use of fire in the ceremonies. C. The overwhelming and joyful atmosphere. D. The professional dance performances. 5. What does Alex think of the Rio Carnival? A. Crowded and tiring. B. Chaotic and noisy. C. Familiar and ordinary. D. Amazing and involving. 【学以致用】阅读短文，选择正确答案。 The Old Woman and the Doctor In a small village, there lived an old woman who had slowly lost her sight until she was completely blind. She was very poor, but she had a few fine pots and costly trinkets (小装饰品) that she had collected for many years and treasured dearly. She decided to send for the doctor, for by selling her treasures she would be able to pay for his services. If only she could have her sight back, she would gladly live without her trinkets and treasures. The doctor came to the old woman’s little hut, and they came to an agreement. If his treatment cured her blindness, she would give him a certain sum of money. But if she was not cured, she would give him nothing. For many weeks, the doctor came daily to apply lotion (护肤液) and bandages to the old woman’s eyes. Being a poor man himself, each time he visited, he took one of the woman’s small treasures away with him. Each thing he took was so small that he did not think she would miss it. When the last bandages were removed, the woman had recovered her sight. She looked around her house, and saw that all of her treasures were gone. She declared that she would give the doctor nothing. The doctor insisted, but the old woman still refused. So he took her before the Judge. The old woman stood before the Judge and said, “This man speaks the truth. I did promise to pay him if his treatment cured my blindness, but if I continued to be blind, I was to give him nothing. Now he says that I am healed. I, however, assure you that I am still blind. For before I became blind, I saw all of my small treasures in my house. But even though he swears that I am cured, I cannot see a single one of my treasures now.” The Judge ruled that the old woman owed the doctor not a penny. 1. Who was in a poor financial condition according to the story? A. The old woman only. B. The doctor only. C. Both characters. D. Neither character. 2. What was the doctor's action while treating the old woman? A. He stole her treasures secretly. B. He asked for payment in advance. C. He applied lotion and bandages daily. D. He took her to see another specialist. 3. Why did the old woman refuse to pay the doctor in the end? A. She couldn't afford the payment. B. She believed his treatment had failed. C. She found his charges too expensive. D. She had already paid with her treasures. 4. What is the main theme of this story? A. The importance of keeping promises. B. The danger of trusting strangers. C. The hardship of living with blindness. D. A clever use of logic to achieve justice. 5. What is the author's implied attitude towards the doctor? A. Feeling sorry for him. B. Neutral and fair. C. Critical and disapproving. D. Full of respect. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 必修二 Unit 3 Festivals and customs (必修二) （寒假复习讲与练） 考点聚焦: 关注核心考点，学考结合 重点速记: 词汇短语梳理，夯实基础 难点强化: 重点难点突破，能力提升 学以致用: 真题感知再现，助力高考 ----------------------------------------------- •‿• 单元知识回顾 •‿• ---------------------------------------------- 重点单词 impression, occasion, tradition, entrance, represent, convenient, fortune, select, settle, identity, observe, tear, bite, package, chain, clap, wedding, decorate, promote, lunar, observe, generation, previous, precious 必备短语 anything but，in the air，be caught up in，pass down，fall on，in honour of， set off，fire engine，make a deep impression on sb. dress up in，in the air， jump into action，play an energetic samba beat，be stuffed with，stand for， be convenient for sb. on one’s arrival，light up，set off firecrackers 疑难长句 1. Then they took seven steps together by the fire, and with each step made a different promise about how they were going to support each other and live together happily. 教材p30） 2. Iceboxes of soft drinks and beer lined the narrow streets, and the smell of roasted meat filled the air as we passed wave after wave of street stands.（教材p31） 3. No wonder fire engines are needed to wash the streets after the fight — the town looks like it has been decorated with red paint. (教材 p 33) 阅读微技能 Nonfiction文本阅读中Similarities和Difference的识别 语法与修辞 过去将来时的构成和用法 ❖ 重点单词 ✎------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 一、根据所给中文意义，写出英文单词。 1. n. 印象, 感想; 影响, 效果 impression 2. n. 特殊场合, 盛会; 时刻; 时机 occasion 3. n. 传统, 传统的信仰 (或风俗) tradition 4. n. 进入, 出场; 入口; 进入权; 准许加入 entrance 5. vt. 代表; 为⋯⋯代言; 体现 represent 6. adj. 方便的, 省事的, 便利的, 实用的 convenient 7. vt. 选择, 挑选 select 8. vi. & vt. 定居; 结束; 解决; 决定; 使处于舒适的位置 settle 9. n. 特性; 身份 identity 10. vt. 遵守; 注意到; 观察; 庆祝 observe 11. n. 眼泪,泪珠. /tɪə(r)/ vt. & vi. (tore,torn) 撕裂,撕碎 tear 12. n. (咬下的) 一口; 咬; 咬伤. vt. & vi. (bit, bitten) 咬, 叮 bite 13. n. 包, 盒; 包裹; 一套, 一揽子. vt. 将⋯⋯包装好; 包装 package 14. n. 链子, 链条; 一系列; 连锁店. vt. 用锁链拴住 chain 15. vi. & vt. 鼓掌, 拍手. n. 鼓掌, 拍手 clap 16. n. 婚礼, 结婚庆 wedding 17. vt. & ⅵ. 装饰; 点缀; 粉刷, 油漆 decorate 18. vt. 促进, 推动; 促销; 提升, 晋升 promote 19. adj. 月亮的, 月球的 lunar 20. n. 一代人; 代, 一代; 产生 generation 21. adj. 先前的, 以往的; 稍前的 previous 22. adj. 宝贵的, 珍贵的; 珍奇的, 珍稀的 precious 二、用以上所复习的单词，完成下列句子。 1. The artist hoped her work would leave a lasting ____________ on visitors, capturing both beauty and emotion. 【答案】impression 【详解】句意为“这位艺术家希望她的作品能给参观者留下持久的________，捕捉到美与情感”。根据“leave a lasting”和“capturing beauty and emotion”的语境，应填入表示“印象”的名词impression。 2. The national day celebration was a grand ____________, attended by dignitaries from around the world. 【答案】occasion 【详解】句意为“国庆庆典是一个盛大的________，有来自世界各地的贵宾出席”。根据“grand”和“celebration attended by dignitaries”的语境，应填入表示“特殊场合、盛会”的名词occasion。 3. Making dumplings together during the Spring Festival is a cherished family ____________ that has been passed down for generations. 【答案】tradition 【详解】句意为“春节一起包饺子是一个珍视的家庭________，已传承了几代人”。根据“passed down for generations”的语境，应填入表示“传统、风俗”的名词tradition。 4. The main ____________ to the museum was decorated with flowers, welcoming guests to the new exhibition. 【答案】entrance 【详解】句意为“博物馆的主________装饰着鲜花，欢迎客人前来参观新展览”。根据“main”和“welcoming guests”的语境，应填入表示“入口”的名词entrance。 5. In many cultures, the color red ____________ good luck, happiness, and prosperity. 【答案】represents 【详解】句意为“在许多文化中，红色________好运、幸福和繁荣”。根据“the color red”和“good luck”的因果关系，应填入表示“代表、象征”的动词represents。 6. Online shopping is ____________ because it allows people to buy goods from home at any time. 【答案】convenient 【详解】句意为“网上购物很________，因为它让人们可以随时在家购买商品”。根据“buy from home at any time”的语境，应填入表示“方便的、便利的”形容词convenient。 7. Please ____________ the items you wish to purchase before proceeding to the checkout counter. 【答案】select 【详解】句意为“请在前往收银台前________您想购买的商品”。根据“items you wish to purchase”和“before checkout”的语境，应填入表示“选择、挑选”的动词select。 8. After years of traveling, they decided to ____________ in a small coastal town and open a café. 【答案】settle 【详解】句意为“经过多年的旅行，他们决定在一个海滨小镇________并开一家咖啡馆”。根据“decided to…in a small town”的语境，应填入表示“定居、安定下来”的动词settle。 9. Language is a key part of cultural ____________, shaping how communities see themselves and the world. 【答案】identity 【详解】句意为“语言是文化________的关键组成部分，塑造着社群如何看待自己和世界”。根据“cultural”和“shaping how communities see themselves”的语境，应填入表示“身份、特性”的名词identity。 10. It is important to ____________ local customs and etiquette when visiting a foreign country. 【答案】observe 【详解】句意为“访问外国时，________当地的习俗和礼仪是很重要的”。根据“local customs and etiquette”的语境，应填入表示“遵守、遵循”的动词observe。 11. A ____________ rolled down her cheek when she heard the moving story, and she carefully wiped it away. 【答案】tear 【详解】句意为“当她听到这个感人的故事时，一滴________顺着她的脸颊滑落，她小心地把它擦掉”。根据“rolled down her cheek”和“moving story”的语境，应填入表示“眼泪、泪珠”的名词tear。 12. The small ____________ on his hand was from a mosquito, but it itched terribly for days. 【答案】bite 【详解】句意为“他手上的小________是蚊子叮的，但它痒了好几天”。根据“from a mosquito”和“itched”的语境，应填入表示“咬伤、叮痕”的名词bite。 13. She received a ____________ from her grandmother containing homemade cookies and a handwritten letter. 【答案】package 【详解】句意为“她收到了祖母寄来的一个________，里面有自制的饼干和一封手写的信”。根据“containing cookies and a letter”的语境，应填入表示“包裹、邮包”的名词package。 14. The old bicycle was locked to the fence with a heavy ____________ to prevent theft. 【答案】chain 【详解】句意为“那辆旧自行车被一根沉重的________锁在栅栏上，以防被盗”。根据“locked to the fence”和“prevent theft”的语境，应填入表示“链子、锁链”的名词chain。 15. The audience erupted into applause, giving a loud ____________ as the performer took a bow on stage. 【答案】clap 【详解】句意为“观众爆发出掌声，当表演者在台上鞠躬时，给予了响亮的________”。根据“applause”和“as the performer took a bow”的语境，应填入表示“鼓掌、拍手”的名词clap。 16. The ____________ was held in a beautiful garden, with close friends and family celebrating the couple's union. 【答案】wedding 【详解】句意为“________在一个美丽的花园举行，亲密的朋友和家人庆祝这对新人的结合”。根据“celebrating the couple's union”和“in a beautiful garden”的语境，应填入表示“婚礼、结婚庆典”的名词wedding。 17. They decided to ____________ the living room with fairy lights and photos to create a warm atmosphere. 【答案】decorate 【详解】句意为“他们决定用串灯和照片来________客厅，以营造温馨的氛围”。根据“with fairy lights and photos”和“create a warm atmosphere”的语境，应填入表示“装饰、点缀”的动词decorate。 18. The new advertising campaign aims to ____________ environmental awareness and encourage recycling. 【答案】promote 【详解】句意为“新的广告活动旨在________环保意识，鼓励回收利用”。根据“environmental awareness”和“encourage recycling”的语境，应填入表示“促进、推广”的动词promote。 19. The ____________ calendar, based on the phases of the moon, is used to determine the dates of many traditional festivals. 【答案】lunar 【详解】句意为“基于月亮盈亏的________历法，被用来确定许多传统节日的日期”。根据“based on the phases of the moon”和“calendar”的语境，应填入表示“月亮的、月球的”形容词lunar。 20. The younger ____________ often has a different perspective on technology and social media compared to their parents. 【答案】generation 【详解】句意为“年轻________对科技和社交媒体的看法常常与他们的父母不同”。根据“younger”和“compared to their parents”的语境，应填入表示“一代人”的名词generation。 21. Building on ____________ research, the scientist developed a new theory that challenged existing assumptions. 【答案】previous 【详解】句意为“基于________的研究，这位科学家提出了一个挑战现有假设的新理论”。根据“building on”和“research”的语境，应填入表示“先前的、以往的”形容词previous。 22. Time spent with loved ones is a ____________ gift that should be cherished and remembered. 【答案】precious 【详解】句意为“与所爱之人共度的时光是一份________的礼物，应当被珍视和铭记”。根据“gift that should be cherished”的语境，应填入表示“宝贵的、珍贵的”形容词precious。 三、通过语境记单词：根据所给短文的中文翻译，用以上单词填空。注意时态语态的变化。 The Meaning of Tea In our family, preparing tea is not just a habit; it’s more than a habit; it’s a cherished tradition. Every Sunday, my grandfather would select the best tea leaves. This small occasion was previous to him—a way to promote family connection. He said the tea represented our cultural identity. We would observe him slowly pour hot water into the pot. The entrance of its strong pleasant smell always left a strong impression on me. One time, a hot cup almost slipped from my hand, but I caught it before a tear could form. Grandfather smiled and took a small bite of a cookie. After he passed, I opened a package he left for me—inside was his old tea set and a note. Now, I continue this tradition with my own children. It’s convenient to just make tea quickly, but taking time feels more previous. Through this simple act, I feel we settle into a chain of love across generations. Sometimes, the children clap when the tea is ready. It’s our quiet wedding of past and present, our hearts decorated with memory. 茶的意义 在我们家，泡茶不只是一种习惯；它不是习惯而已，是个传统。每个周日，祖父都会挑选最好的茶叶。这个小小的场合对他来说很宝贵——是促进家庭联系的一种方式。他说这茶代表着我们的文化身份。 我们会看着他将热水慢慢倒入壶中。茶香的出现总能给我留下深刻的印象。有一次，一个热茶杯差点从我手中滑落，但在我掉眼泪之前我接住了它。祖父笑了笑，咬了一小口饼干。 他去世后，我打开他留给我的一个包裹——里面是他旧的茶具和一张字条。现在，我和自己的孩子继续这个传统。快速泡茶很方便，但花时间慢慢来感觉更珍贵。通过这个简单的举动，我感到我们融入了跨越几代人的爱的链条中。有时，茶泡好时孩子们会鼓掌。这是我们过去与现在安静的结合，我们的心被回忆装点着。 四、词性转化练习 1．annual adj.每年的，年度的；一年的→ anniversary n．周年纪念日→ annually adv.每年一次地 2. tradition n. 传统, 传统的信仰 (或风俗) → traditional adj. 传统的 → traditionally adv. 传统上 3．engine n．发动机，引擎→ engineer n．工程师→ engineering n．工程 4. occasion n. 特殊场合, 盛会; 时刻; 时机 → occasional adj. 偶尔的 → occasionally adv. 偶尔，有时 5．promote vt.促进，推动；促销；提升，晋升→ promotion n．提升，晋升 6．package n．包，盒；包裹；一套，一揽子 vt. 将⋯⋯包装好；包装→ pack vt.收拾(行李)；包装 7．generation n．代；一代人→ generate vt.生成，产生；生育繁殖(后代) → generative adj.有生产能力的 → generator vt. 发电机，电力公司 8．source n．来源；起源；源头→ resource n．资源 9. identity n．特性；身份→ identify vt.认出；识别；鉴定→ identification n．身份证明→ identifiable adj.可辨认的 10．wedding n．婚礼，结婚庆典→ wed v．结婚；娶；嫁 11．decorate vt. 装饰；点缀→ decoration n．装饰 12．honour n．荣誉，尊敬→ honourable adj.可敬的 五、词性转换巩固练习：用以上所复习的单词及其相关词性，完成以下句子。 1. The town’s Spring Festival is an annual event, and this year marks the 50th anniversary of its founding. The main parade is held annually on the first Saturday of March. 【答案】annual; anniversary; annually 【解析】第一空在不定冠词“an”和名词“event”之间，需形容词修饰“event”，annual（每年的）符合语境。第二空在序数词“50th”后，需名词，anniversary（周年纪念日）与“50th”搭配合理。第三空在动词“is held”后，需副词修饰动词，annually（每年一次地）表示频率，与“every year”同义。 2. Making rice cakes is a tradition during the holiday. Traditionally, women gather to prepare them, using traditional methods passed down through families. 【答案】tradition; Traditionally; traditional 【解析】第一空在不定冠词“a”后，需单数名词，tradition（传统）指制作年糕的习俗。第二空位于句首，需副词作状语，Traditionally（传统上）说明通常的做法。第三空在名词“methods”前，需形容词，traditional（传统的）修饰方法。 3. The festival committee includes an engineer who designs the stage. With a background in engineering, he ensures every structure is safe, even checking the old engine of a display vehicle. 【答案】engineer; engineering; engine 【解析】第一空在不定冠词“an”后，需表示职业的单数名词，engineer（工程师）符合。第二空在介词“in”后，需名词，engineering（工程学）表示专业领域。第三空在定冠词“the”和形容词“old”后，需名词，engine（发动机）指车辆的引擎。 4. The festival is a special occasion for the whole town. Occasional showers may occur, but they occasionally bring rainbows that add to the beauty. 【答案】occasion; Occasional; occasionally 【解析】第一空在不定冠词“a”和形容词“special”后，需单数名词，occasion（场合）与“festival”呼应。第二空在名词“showers”前，需形容词，Occasional（偶尔的）修饰阵雨。第三空在主语“they”和动词“bring”之间，需副词，occasionally（偶尔地）修饰动词。 5. The goal is to promote local culture. The recent promotion of a young artist to festival director has brought fresh ideas. 【答案】promote; promotion 【解析】第一空在不定式“to”后，需动词原形，promote（推广）与“local culture”搭配。第二空在定冠词“the”和形容词“recent”后，需名词，promotion（晋升）指艺术家的职位提升。 6. Volunteers help package gift bags for children. Each package contains a book and handmade toys, which they carefully pack into colorful boxes. 【答案】package; package; pack 【解析】第一空在动词“help”后，可接动词原形，package（包装）作宾语补足语。第二空在不定代词“Each”后，需单数名词，package（包裹）指礼品袋。第三空在情态动词“must”后，需动词原形，pack（打包）表示装入的动作。 7. The older generation loves to share stories that generate laughter. A portable generator provides electricity for the evening concerts. 【答案】generation; generate; generator 【解析】第一空在定冠词“the”和形容词“older”后，需名词，generation（一代人）指年长者。第二空在定语从句中作谓语，需及物动词原形，generate（产生）与“laughter”搭配。第三空在不定冠词“a”和形容词“portable”后，需名词，generator（发电机）为音乐会供电。 8. Local farms are the main source of food for the festival. The committee makes good use of every resource, reducing waste to a minimum. 【答案】source; resource 【解析】第一空在定冠词“the”和形容词“main”后，需名词，source（来源）指食物的供应地。第二空在限定词“every”后，需单数名词，resource（资源）与“use”搭配，表示充分利用。 9. Wearing masks is part of the local cultural identity. Visitors can easily identify dancers by their unique masks, which are clearly identifiable even from a distance. 【答案】identity; identify; identifiable 【解析】第一空在形容词“cultural”后，需名词，identity（身份/特征）指文化特色。第二空在情态动词“can”后，需动词原形，identify（识别）与“by their masks”搭配。第三空在系动词“are”后，需形容词作表语，identifiable（可辨认的）说明面具易于识别。 10. The festival concludes with a symbolic wedding ceremony that represents unity. Two community volunteers wed in this playful ritual every year. 【答案】wedding; wed 【解析】第一空在形容词“symbolic”后，需名词，wedding（婚礼）与“ceremony”同义重复，是常见搭配。第二空在句子中作谓语，需动词原形，wed（结婚）为正式用语，与“volunteers”主谓一致。 11. Students decorate the streets with handmade lanterns. Their creative decoration has won praise from everyone. 【答案】decorate; decoration 【解析】第一空在句子中作谓语，需动词原形，decorate（装饰）与“with lanterns”搭配。第二空在物主代词“Their”和形容词“creative”后，需名词，decoration（装饰物/装饰行为）指装饰的成果。 12. It is an honour to perform at the festival. The most honourable guest is the elderly founder, who is greeted with great respect. 【答案】honour; honourable 【解析】第一空在系动词“is”和不定冠词“an”后，需单数名词，honour（荣誉）作表语。第二空在定冠词“the”和最高级“most”后，需形容词，honourable（可敬的）修饰“guest”。 ❖ 重点词组 ✎------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 一、根据所给中文意义，写出本单元所学词组。 1. 决不, 根本不 anything but 2. 可感觉到; 在传播中 in the air 3. 被卷入, 陷入 be caught up in 4. 使世代相传, 流传 pass down 5. 适逢, 正当 fall on 6. 向⋯⋯表示敬意, 纪念 in honour of 7. 使爆炸 set off 8. 消防车 fire engine 9. 给某人留下深刻印象 make a deep impression on sb. 10. 穿着⋯⋯(的衣服) dress up in 11. 可感觉到，在空中 in the air 12. 立即行动 jump into action 13. 走起劲爆的桑巴节拍 play an energetic samba beat 14. 填满，塞满 be stuffed with 15. 代表 stand for 16. 对某人来说是方便的 be convenient for sb. 17. 某人一到 on one’s arrival 18. 使光亮，放光彩 light up 19. 放鞭炮 set off firecrackers 二、通过语境记词组：根据所给短文的中文翻译，用以上词组填空。注意动词时态、语态等变化。 The Unexpected Festival When I arrived in Brazil, I had planned a quiet study trip. That was anything but what I got. On my arrival, the city was dressed up in colorful flags. A lively atmosphere was in the air. I was instantly caught up in the carnival spirit. My local friend, Ana, explained the festival fell on that weekend in honour of the city's founding. Suddenly, a loud bang! Someone had set off firecrackers nearby. For a moment, I thought it was a fire engine siren. A parade then jumped into action. A band began to play an energetic samba beat. The streets were stuffed with dancing crowds. Ana told me the dance moves were passed down through generations and stood for joy and unity. Seeing everyone's faces light up with pure happiness made a deep impression on me. It wasn't the convenient trip I'd imagined. It was better—a vibrant lesson in living. 意想不到的节日 我抵达巴西时，本计划进行一次安静的学习之旅。但这根本不是我所得到的。我一到，城市就装饰着彩旗。一种活跃的气氛弥漫在空中。我立刻被卷入了狂欢节的热潮中。我的当地朋友安娜解释说，这个节日恰逢那个周末，是为了纪念城市的建立。 突然，一声巨响！附近有人放鞭炮了。有一瞬间，我以为是消防车的警笛声。一支游行队伍随即立即行动起来。一个乐队开始走起劲爆的桑巴节拍。街道上挤满了跳舞的人群。安娜告诉我，这些舞蹈动作是世代相传的，代表着欢乐与团结。看到每个人的脸上都绽放出纯粹的快乐，这给我留下了深刻的印象。 这不是我预想中那种方便的旅行。它更棒——是一堂关于如何生活的生动课程。 ❖ 疑难长句 ✎------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Then they took seven steps together by the fire, and with each step made a different promise about how they were going to support each other and live together happily. 教材p30） 这是一个由 并列连词“and” 连接的两个分句组成的 并列复合句。总体结构： 分句1 + and + 分句2。 分句 1: Then they took seven steps together by the fire. 主语 they；谓语动词took；宾语 seven steps；状语（方式状语: together地点状语: by the fire 句首状语: Then表示时间顺序)。分句 1 的简化核心： They took steps. 并列连词: and 分句 2: with each step made a different promise about how they were going to support each other and live together happily. 主语they (承前省略，与分句1主语相同)；谓语动词made；宾语a different promise；状语（方式状语with each step，表示伴随状况或方式)； 定语 (Attributive): about how ... happily (介词短语作后置定语，修饰“promise”) 这个定语本身包含一个 宾语从句：how they were going to support each other and live together happily. 该宾语从句由连接副词 how 引导。 从句主语they；谓语：were going to support and live；宾语：each other (support的宾语)； 状语：together happily (live的状语) 分句 2 的简化核心： (They) made a promise. 【译文】 然后，他们在火旁一起走了七步，每走一步都许下一个不同的承诺，关于他们将如何相互支持、幸福地共同生活。 【翻译】 Then they planted three trees side by side in the garden, and with each tree whispered a secret wish about how they would grow old together and watch the seasons change. 【答案】 然后，他们在花园里并肩种下三棵树，每棵树旁都低声许下一个秘密愿望，关于他们将如何一起变老、看四季更迭。 2. Iceboxes of soft drinks and beer lined the narrow streets, and the smell of roasted meat filled the air as we passed wave after wave of street stands.（教材p31） 这是一个由 并列连词“and” 连接、并包含一个 时间状语从句 的 并列复合句。 总体结构： 分句1 + and + 分句2 + 时间状语从句（修饰分句2） 分句 1: Iceboxes of soft drinks and beer lined the narrow streets 主语 (Subject): Iceboxes (of soft drinks and beer)。“of...”是介词短语作后置定语，修饰“Iceboxes”；谓语动词lined；宾语the narrow streets。分句1简化核心： Iceboxes lined the streets. 并列连词: and 分句 2: the smell of roasted meat filled the air 主语the smell (of roasted meat)。“of...”是介词短语作后置定语，修饰“the smell”；谓语动词filled；宾语the air 分句2简化核心： The smell filled the air. 时间状语从句: as we passed wave after wave of street stands. 从属连词as (表示“当……时”) 从句主语we；从句谓语动词passed；从句宾语wave after wave of street stands (“wave after wave”是生动的数量表达，作“street stands”的同位语/定语)。从句功能: 修饰主句（分句2）“the smell...filled the air”发生的时间背景。 【译文】 冰镇汽水和啤酒的冰柜排满了狭窄的街道，烤肉的气味弥漫在空气中，我们经过一波又一波街边摊。 【翻译】 Strings of festive lanterns arched over the bustling alley, and the sound of vendors hawking their goods echoed all around as we navigated through crowd after crowd of eager tourists. 【答案】 喜庆的灯笼串高悬在熙熙攘攘的小巷上方，当我们在一拨又一拨兴致勃勃的游客中穿梭时，小贩们的叫卖声在四周回荡。 3. No wonder fire engines are needed to wash the streets after the fight — the town looks like it has been decorated with red paint. (教材 p 33) 这是一个通过破折号连接的、包含因果和比喻关系的并列句。总体结构： 主句（表结果） + 破折号 + 解释性分句（表原因与状态） 主句No wonder fire engines are needed to wash the streets after the fight；固定短语/评注性状语No wonder (意为“难怪”，表达说话者的推论和评价，是句子的逻辑起点)。主语fire engines； 谓语动词are needed (被动语态)；目的状语to wash the streets；时间状语 after the fight； 主句简化核心： (It is no wonder that) Fire engines are needed. 连接符号功能： 破折号在此表示突然的停顿和转折，引出对前文更生动、更夸张的解释、补充或强调。 解释性分句: the town looks like it has been decorated with red paint.主语the town；系动词looks；表语like it has been decorated with red paint (介词like引导的表语从句，包含一个完整的被动语态句子作为比喻)；表语从句it has been decorated with red paint。其中主语it (指代 the town)；从句谓语: has been decorated (现在完成时被动语态)；方式状语: with red paint。 分句简化核心： The town looks decorated. 【译文】 难怪结束后需要消防车来清洗街道——整个小镇看起来就像被红漆装饰过一样。 【翻译】 No wonder cleanup crews work through the night after the festival — the square looks like it has been carpeted with confetti and streamers. 【答案】 难怪节庆过后清洁队要通宵工作——广场看起来像是被彩纸和丝带铺成了地毯。 ❖ 语法讲与练 ✎------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 过去将来时 一、含义 过去将来时表示从过去某个时间点来看，将要发生的动作或状态。它常见于过去语境下的预测、计划或意愿，如讲故事、转述他人想法或描述过去的计划。简单理解：站在“过去”，看“未来”。 二、构成 1. would + 动词原形（最常见） He said he would come to the party. 他说他会来参加聚会。 2. was/were going to + 动词原形（表过去的计划或预测） She was going to study abroad next year.她明年打算出国留学。 3. was/were about to + 动词原形（表过去即将发生的动作） The train was about to leave when we arrived. 我们到达时，火车即将开动。 三、用法与例句 1. 表达过去的预测（过去认为会发生的事） They believed it would rain later. 他们相信稍后会下雨。 2. 转述过去说的未来计划（常用于间接引语） Tom told me he would call me the next day. 汤姆告诉我他第二天会给我打电话。 3. 描述过去的意图或计划 I was going to finish the report, but I fell ill. 我本来打算完成报告，但我生病了。 4. 在故事中叙述后续发展 The hero didn't know that this decision would change his life forever. 英雄不知道这个决定将永远改变他的人生。 四、课堂练习（汉译英） 1. 他说他下周会帮我。 2. 我本来打算早起，但睡过头了。 3. 她以为考试会很难。 4. 飞机即将起飞时，他赶到了。 5. 我们原以为他们会赢。 【答案】 1. He said he would help me next week. 2. I was going to get up early, but I overslept. 3. She thought the exam would be very difficult. 4. The plane was about to take off when he arrived. 5. We thought they would win. ❖ 高考真题再现 ✎-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. (2024年 全国新高考I卷) One of the major events ... was the Marathon. He promised his mother he ______ (run) the Marathon if his health permitted. 【答案】 would run 【解析】 考查过去将来时。主句谓语动词 promised (过去时) 表明时间基点是过去，从句“如果健康允许”表示从过去看未来的意愿或承诺，应用过去将来时 would run。 2. (2023年 全国甲卷) I told him that I ______ (visit) him the next Friday. 【答案】 would visit 【解析】 考查过去将来时。主句谓语 told 为过去时，从句中的时间状语 the next Friday (那个周五) 是从“告诉”那一刻起算的未来时间，构成典型的“过去将来”语境，故用 would visit。 3. (2022年 北京卷) Little did I know then that this small step ______ (change) my life forever. 【答案】 would change 【解析】 考查过去将来时。句首 Little did I know then 意为“那时我并不知道”，确立了过去的视角。从那个过去的时间点看，这一步“将会改变”我的人生，是对未知未来的叙述，故用 would change。 4. (2021年 浙江卷1月) He had no idea that this simple act ______ (bring) him fame and fortune years later. 【答案】 would bring 【解析】 考查过去将来时。主句 He had no idea 使用了过去完成时，表明是在描述过去某一时刻之前的状态。从句意思是“这个简单的行为在数年后将会为他带来名望和财富”，是从过去的角度展望未来，应用 would bring。 ❖ 阅读微技能 ✎------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 结论的推导 请再次仔细阅读课文Alex around the world，回答以下问题，选出正确答案。 文章结构： 文章采用旅行日记形式，以第一人称“Alex”的视角，记录了两次截然不同的文化体验：印度的婚礼和巴西的里约狂欢节。两则日记结构相似： 开头： 点明时间、地点、事件，并直接表达期待与初步感受。 主体： 详细描述活动场景、核心仪式/表演过程、以及令作者印象深刻的感官细节（视觉、听觉、嗅觉）。 结尾： 抒发个人感受与总结，情感充沛。 两个节日异同比较： 比较维度 印度婚礼 (Wedding Ceremony) 里约狂欢节 (Rio Carnival) 性质 私人的、家庭导向的仪式与庆祝（生命周期仪式） 公共的、全民参与的狂欢庆典（季节性/文化节日） 氛围 庄严、浪漫、温馨、充满传统仪式感 狂热、奔放、自由、充满街头派对气息 参与者 主要是亲友宾客，有明确的主角（新人） 成千上万的陌生人、舞者、乐队，全民皆是参与者 核心活动 传统仪式（骑马入场、父亲领女、绕火、七步誓约） 街头游行表演（桑巴舞蹈、音乐、游行队伍） 作者的参与度 主要是观察者与客人，参与庆祝（跳舞）但略显笨拙 深度沉浸者，被“狂欢节的浪潮”裹挟，成为欢庆海洋的一部分 作者的感受 被文化差异中的普世情感（亲情、爱）所触动，感到浪漫。 被现场的能量与热情完全征服，感到兴奋、沉醉、惊叹。 1. What was the bride wearing at the Indian wedding? A. A white wedding gown. B. A colorful formal dress. C. An eye-catching red silk sari. D. A fancy costume with flags. 【答案】 C 【解析】 细节理解题。 文章第三段明确提到：“According to tradition, the bride was wearing an eye-catching red silk sari.”（依照传统，新娘穿着一袭引人注目的红丝绸莎丽。）因此C项是原文直接信息。A项是西方常见婚纱，不符合印度传统；B项过于宽泛，未能突出新娘服饰的独特性；D项描述的是巴西狂欢节舞者的服装。 2. How was Alex’s role DIFFERENT in the two events? A. He was a performer in both. B. He was merely an observer in both. C. He led ceremonies in India and danced in Brazil. D. He was a guest at the wedding and a participant in the Carnival. 【答案】 D 【解析】 对比对照理解题。本题考查对作者在不同活动中参与方式的对比。在印度婚礼，他是受邀请的“客人”（guest），主要描述观察到的仪式。在狂欢节，他主动加入街头派对，描述“狂欢节的浪潮裹挟着我们”，并“沉迷于派对的狂热中”，是深度“参与者”（participant）。A项错误，他并非表演者；B项错误，他在狂欢节不仅是观察者；D项错误，他并未主导任何仪式。 3. Why does Alex mention “taking seven steps together by the fire” at the wedding? A. To show how long the ceremony lasted. B. To give an example of a romantic and meaningful custom. C. To complain about the complexity of the ritual. D. To compare it with dancing at the Carnival. 【答案】 B 【解析】 细节理解题：举例目的题。 作者在描述“七步誓约”前后，用“anything but ordinary”（绝非普通）和“very romantic”（非常浪漫）来评价，并详细解释了每一步都代表一个关于互助和幸福生活的承诺。因此，举例的目的是为了具体说明一个让他觉得浪漫且有深刻意义的习俗。A项，步数不代表时长；C项，文中无抱怨之意；D项，此处未与狂欢节进行对比。 4. What is a common element that impressed Alex in BOTH celebrations? A. The extravagant food and drinks. B. The use of fire in the ceremonies. C. The overwhelming and joyful atmosphere. D. The professional dance performances. 【答案】 C 【解析】 对比对照理解题。本题考查对两个活动共同点的抽象概括。在婚礼，他提到“微笑的面孔是一样的”，感受到温馨快乐；在狂欢节，他描述人群“激动地等待”、“欢呼鼓掌歌唱”，感受到“派对的狂热”。两者共同点是“令人沉浸的欢乐氛围”。A项，婚礼未强调饮食；B项，狂欢节未提及用火；D项，婚礼舞蹈非专业表演，且他自嘲跳得不好。 5. What does Alex think of the Rio Carnival? A. Crowded and tiring. B. Chaotic and noisy. C. Familiar and ordinary. D. Amazing and involving. 【答案】D 【解析】 原文中作者用"amazing first day"直接点明感受，用"caught up in the party fever"（沉迷于派对狂热）和"The Carnival current carried us"（狂欢节浪潮裹挟着我们）等描述生动展现了他完全投入、深陷其中的状态。C选项"Amazing and involving"（令人惊叹且投入的）准确概括了这种既感到惊奇又全身心参与的双重体验。A选项只反映了体验中非主要的体力感受；B选项的负面评价与全文积极基调不符；D选项与作者强调的新奇体验相悖。 【学以致用】阅读短文，选择正确答案。 The Old Woman and the Doctor In a small village, there lived an old woman who had slowly lost her sight until she was completely blind. She was very poor, but she had a few fine pots and costly trinkets (小装饰品) that she had collected for many years and treasured dearly. She decided to send for the doctor, for by selling her treasures she would be able to pay for his services. If only she could have her sight back, she would gladly live without her trinkets and treasures. The doctor came to the old woman’s little hut, and they came to an agreement. If his treatment cured her blindness, she would give him a certain sum of money. But if she was not cured, she would give him nothing. For many weeks, the doctor came daily to apply lotion (护肤液) and bandages to the old woman’s eyes. Being a poor man himself, each time he visited, he took one of the woman’s small treasures away with him. Each thing he took was so small that he did not think she would miss it. When the last bandages were removed, the woman had recovered her sight. She looked around her house, and saw that all of her treasures were gone. She declared that she would give the doctor nothing. The doctor insisted, but the old woman still refused. So he took her before the Judge. The old woman stood before the Judge and said, “This man speaks the truth. I did promise to pay him if his treatment cured my blindness, but if I continued to be blind, I was to give him nothing. Now he says that I am healed. I, however, assure you that I am still blind. For before I became blind, I saw all of my small treasures in my house. But even though he swears that I am cured, I cannot see a single one of my treasures now.” The Judge ruled that the old woman owed the doctor not a penny. 1. Who was in a poor financial condition according to the story? A. The old woman only. B. The doctor only. C. Both characters. D. Neither character. 【答案】C 【解析】细节理解题: 相似处。 原文明确描述了双方的经济状况。文章开头提到“She was very poor”，而第三段又指出“Being a poor man himself”。因此，老妇人和医生两人都处于贫困的经济状况。 2. What was the doctor's action while treating the old woman? A. He stole her treasures secretly. B. He asked for payment in advance. C. He applied lotion and bandages daily. D. He took her to see another specialist. 【答案】A 【解析】 细节理解题：差异处。 原文第三段描述，医生在治疗期间，“each time he visited, he took one of the woman’s small treasures away with him”。这是一种偷窃行为。B、C、D项均未在文中体现。C项“每日敷药和包扎”是他的治疗行为，但问题聚焦于他“同时进行的”不当行为，A项更准确。 3. Why did the old woman refuse to pay the doctor in the end? A. She couldn't afford the payment. B. She believed his treatment had failed. C. She found his charges too expensive. D. She had already paid with her treasures. 【答案】B 【解析】 细节理解题：差异处。老妇人在法官面前的陈述揭示了她的理由：协议是治好眼疾才付钱。她逻辑上论证，如果能看见，就应该能看见她的财宝；既然现在看不见任何财宝，就证明自己没被治好（“I am still blind”）。因此，她基于自己独特的“测试标准”认为治疗失败（B）。A、C项文中未提及，D项是她揭露医生恶行的依据，并非她拒付的合同理由。 4. What is the main theme of this story? A. The importance of keeping promises. B. The danger of trusting strangers. C. The hardship of living with blindness. D. A clever use of logic to achieve justice. 【答案】 D 【解析】 主旨大意题。故事的核心在于老妇人如何利用医生偷窃财宝的事实，巧妙地构建了一个逻辑论证（看不见财宝=未被治愈），从而在法官面前维护了自己的权益，让不诚实的医生得不到报酬。这体现了“智慧”与“逻辑”带来正义。A项是表面冲突，但故事结局颠覆了对“守约”的简单理解；B、D项是故事元素，但非核心主题。 5. What is the author's implied attitude towards the doctor? A. Feeling sorry for him. B. Neutral and fair. C. Critical and disapproving. D. Full of respect. 【答案】C 【解析】 作者态度题。原文通过描述医生的行为（“Being a poor man himself... he took one of the woman's small treasures away with him”）以及他最终在法庭上败诉的结局，清晰地表达了作者对医生的批评态度。作者将医生的行为定义为偷窃，并在故事结局中让他受到了惩罚，这充分体现了作者对医生不道德行为的否定态度。 各选项分析： A. Feeling sorry for him（为他感到难过）。虽然文中提到医生也很贫穷，但作者并未因此原谅他的偷窃行为，反而通过故事结局表明了这种行为的错误性，因此不存在同情态度。 B. Neutral and fair（中立且公正）。作者明显带有道德评判倾向，通过老妇人的智慧和法官的判决，表达了对医生行为的否定，因此不是中立的。 C. Critical and disapproving（批评且不赞同）。这正是作者通过故事传递的态度。医生利用治疗之便偷窃患者财物，作者通过巧妙的故事情节安排和结局设计，明确表达了对此类行为的批判。 D. Full of respect（充满尊重）。医生在故事中展现的是不诚信的行为，作者不可能对此表示尊重，该选项与文章主旨完全相反。 命题说明：此题考查学生对作者隐含态度的理解能力。作者态度通常通过情节安排、人物行为描写和结局设计来体现，而非直接陈述。选项A替换了原有的“Sympathetic”，使用更简单的“Feeling sorry for him”，符合高中生的词汇水平。各干扰项都基于原文的某些细节（如医生的贫困、故事的客观叙述形式等），但只有C项准确捕捉了作者通过整体故事结构所表达的核心态度。 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $