寒假作业08 阅读理解特训（巩固培优）九年级英语人教版

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业08 阅读理解特训 解｜题｜技｜巧 中考英语阅读理解分题型解题技巧 一、 细节理解题 （一）题干常见问法： 1. According to the passage, what/who/where/when/why/how...? 2. Which of the following is true / not true? 3. Which of the following is mentioned / not mentioned in the passage? 4. The author tells us that...? （二）解题技巧 1. 带着题干关键词（人名、地名、数字、时间等）定位原文，答案通常在关键词所在句或前后句。 2. 注意选项中的偷换概念（如把“some”换成“all”）、颠倒因果等陷阱，需与原文逐词核对。 3. 优先排除含有绝对化词汇（must, never, only, always）的选项，除非原文明确提及。 二、 推理判断题 （一）题干常见问法 1. What can we infer / conclude from the passage? 2. What does the author imply in the passage? 3. We can learn from the passage that...? 4. What do you think the writer will talk about next? （二）解题技巧 1. 答案不能直接摘抄原文，需根据原文信息进行合理推断，不凭空猜测。 2. 关注作者的情感态度词（如happy, angry, worried）和转折词（but, however, yet），这些是推理的关键线索。 3. 推断文章后续内容时，重点看最后一段的结尾句，通常会给出下一段的话题提示。 三、 主旨大意题 （一）题干常见问法 1. What is the main idea / topic of the passage? 2. The best title for the passage is...? 3. What does the passage mainly talk about? 4. The passage is mainly about...? （二）解题技巧 1. 通读全文，找出主题句，主题句通常位于文章开头或结尾，少数在中间。 2. 排除以偏概全的选项（只概括某一段内容）和过度延伸的选项（超出文章讨论范围）。 3. 给文章选标题时，优先选简洁明了、涵盖核心内容的选项，避免选择过于抽象或具体的标题。 四、 词义猜测题 （一）题干常见问法 1. The underlined word “...” in Paragraph X probably means...? 2. What does the underlined phrase “...” refer to? 3. The word “...” in the passage can be replaced by...? （二）解题技巧 1. 利用上下文同义/反义关系：通过and, or等词判断同义，通过but, however等词判断反义。 2. 关注定语从句、同位语：这类成分通常是对生词的解释说明。 3. 分析单词构词法：通过前缀（un-, im-）、后缀（-able, -ment）、词根猜测词义。 五、 观点态度题 （一）题干常见问法 1. What’s the author’s attitude towards...? 2. How does the writer feel about...? 3. What does the author think of...? （二）解题技巧 1. 寻找文中表达情感的形容词、副词（如good, bad, luckily, unfortunately）和动词（如support, oppose, suggest）。 2. 区分作者态度和文中人物态度，不要混淆两者的观点。 3. 常见态度词：positive（积极的）、negative（消极的）、neutral（中立的）、supportive（支持的）、critical（批判的）。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型（题目难度逐层递增） 1、 阅读理解（每题2分，共46分） A Once upon a time, there lived a rich man. He had a servant (仆人). He and the servant loved wine and good food very much. Each time the rich man left him home, the servant would drink the wine and eat up all the nice food in the house. The rich man knew what his servant did, but he had never caught his servant doing that. One morning, when he left home, he said to the servant, “Here are two bottles of poison (毒药) and some nice food in the house. You must take care of them.” With these words, he went out. But the servant knew what the rich man had said was untrue. After the rich man was away from his home, he enjoyed a nice meal. Because he drank too much, he was drunk and fell to the ground. When the rich man came back, he couldn’t find his food and his wine. He became very angry. He woke the servant up. But the servant told his story very well. He said a cat had eaten up everything. He was afraid to be punished, so he drank the poison to kill himself. 1．Who liked wine and good food very much? A．The rich man. B．The servant. C．Both A and B． D．Neither A nor B． 2．The rich man knew that it was ________ that drank the wine and ate up all the nice food. A．the cat B．himself C．nobody D．the servant 3．The rich man told the servant that there was poison in the two bottles, because ________. A．there was true poison in the bottles B．he did not want the servant to drink his wine C．he wanted to kill the cat D．he wanted to kill the servant 4．In fact, ________ ate all the nice food and drank the wine. A．the servant B．the cat C．the rich man D．nobody 5．From the story, we know that the servant was very________. A．lazy B．good C．clever D．kind B China is famous for its delicious food. Especially during festivals, there are different traditional foods. Among them is niangao.   Niangao, a kind of Chinese New Year’s rice cake, is made of glutinous rice (糯米). It is very popular during the Spring Festival. The pronunciation of niangao sounds like “year” and “high”, which means higher incomes, better jobs, higher marks, the growth of children, and generally the promise of a better year. Niangao is usually made of glutinous rice flour (糯米粉), wheat starch (小麦淀粉), salt, water and sugar. The tastes can be divided into two main kinds: sweet niangao in northern China, while sweet or salty niangao in the south. Salty and sweet tastes are both fantastic. In Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas, people can put different things inside niangao, such as oil and sweet red beans. The ways to make niangao include braising (炖), stir-frying (炒), deep-frying, piece-frying and so on. Stir-fried niangao with sugar is quite popular. Stirfried niangao with shepherd’s purse (荠菜) is also delicious. Chicken soup niangao should appear in every family on Chinese New Year’s Eve. Niangao is not only delicious but also meaningful. Do you want to learn to cook it or just want to eat it? 6．People usually eat niangao during ________ according to the passage. A．the Dragon Boat Festival B．the Lantern Festival C．the Mid-Autumn Festival D．the Spring Festival 7．From Paragraph 3, we can know the ________ of niangao. A．taste B．meaning C．preparation D．shape 8．People in the ________ of China like to have salty niangao. A．east B．south C．west D．north 9．Niangao with ________ is necessary on Chinese New Year’s Eve according to the passage. A．chicken soup B．shepherd’s purse C．red beans D．oil C（2022·福建·中考真题） Welcome to School Dance Club Are you tired of sitting too long? Do you want to be healthier? Join the School Dance Club and move your body! Choice of dances: folk, modern, pop, etc. Level of difficulty: Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3 Teachers: Helen White — 13 years of teaching experience — Graduated from International Master Dance School John Smith — First prize winner of “Dancers on Stage” for 4 years starting from 2016 Ken Power — Skilled in different kinds of dance, especially in “fusion (融合)” dance Who to join: Aged 12~15 If you would like to be one of us, please kindly fill in the form and send it to Maria Cooper’s office before 18th March. 10．The Dance Club best suits those who want to ________. A．be healthier B．be quiet C．sing folk songs D．learn pop music 11．How many levels of difficulty does the Dance Club offer? A．1. B．2. C．3. D．4. 12．If you want to learn “fusion” dance, you can choose ________. A．Helen White B．John Smith C．Ken Power D．Maria Cooper 13．Who can join the Dance Club? A．Teachers with rich experience. B．Teachers good at dancing. C．Students aged 10. D．Students aged 13. 14．The text is probably a ________. A．poster B．diary C．poem D．report D American teens love their sports Whether it’s soccer, basketball or tennis, there are lots of fun sports to play when you’re not busy with school. Some sports, like basketball, are universal（世界性的）. Kids all over the world play them. But other sports are more unique（独特的）. In the US, playing baseball is a common after-school activity for many kids. In fact, it is known as the “national pastime” of the US. But few people outside of the US play this sport. It is popular in some Central American countries, such as Mexico, and some East Asian countries, such as Japan and South Korea. But it is almost unknown in other parts of the world. There is also American football. a sport that is unique to the US and Canada. The sport is similar to rugby（英式橄榄球）, which is more popular in Europe. Players have to carry, throw or kick the ball to a receiving player in the “end zone” in order to score points. But they have to get the ball past a wall of defending（防护的）players first. US students who play these sports usually take them quite seriously. Some high school athletes（运动员）can go on to play on college teams, receiving scholarships（奖学金）in return for their performance on the field. Talented college players can be picked by national teams and become professional players. So for some young athletes, playing sports after school can lead to a full-time career. 15．What is known as the “national pastime” of the US? A．Playing baseball. B．Playing soccer. C．Playing basketball. D．Playing football. 16．Which of the following is TRUE about American football? A．It is only played in America. B．It is more popular in Europe. C．It is similar to rugby in Britain. D．It is unknown to people in Asia. 17．How can your team score points in American football? A．Kick the ball into the “end zone.” B．Pass a wall of defending players. C．Throw the ball to a player in the “end zone.” D．Receive the ball and run down the field. 18．Why do college students in the US take sports seriously? A．Because they can earn money from playing on national teams. B．Because they can have fun when they’re not busy with school. C．Because they can make friends with high school players. D．Because they can be picked to play on national teams. E Plastic is everywhere. From the food we eat to the air we breathe, tiny particles (微粒) of plastic—also known as “microplastic” — can be found in almost anything. Researchers have questioned whether taking microplastic can negatively influence our health, especially if there are pieces of plastic you’re using almost every day, like your plastic cutting board. A study that was published recently examined the amount of microplastic found in food after using two different types of plastic cutting boards. Researchers cut up carrots on these plastic cutting boards and found they resulted in 1,114 microplastic particles (pieces of plastic less than 5 millimeters long) on the carrots each time the board was used. This means a plastic cutting board could produce 15 milligrams of microplastic per cut, and around 50 grams a year — the same amount as 10 plastic credit cards. ▲ At first, the studies about microplastic eating seem upsetting. Evidence suggests that microplastic can be found in our blood, our lungs, and even our placenta (胎盘), and can be harmful to our physical health. However, it’s important to note that the science is still new and very limited (有限的). Dr. LeBeau points out that while the recent study examining cutting boards does provide evidence of plastic particles in food, it does not make any claims (声明) that the negative effects of these cutting boards can do harm to human health. It is unclear if they are a human health risk to consumers. Also, studies on microplastic and health problems have only suggested a possible link. They don’t say for sure because it is still hard to prove a direct cause. 19．How many grams of microplastic can a plastic cutting board produce in one year? A．10 grams. B．15 grams. C．50 grams. D．1, 114 grams. 20．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Studies. B．Carrots. C．Researchers. D．These plastic cutting boards. 21．Choose the best sentence to fill in the blank “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 3. A．What should we do with microplastic? B．Should people make use of microplastic? C．With so much microplastic in our food, can we avoid microplastic? D．With so much microplastic in our food, should people be worried? 22．What’s the passage mainly about? A．Introducing microplastic. B．Explaining how to protect ourselves. C．Asking us not to use plastic products. D．Showing us the relationship between microplastic and humans. 23．What would be the best structure for the passage? A． B． C． D． 一、阅读理解（每题2分，共36分） A （2024·福建·中考真题）Though oceans cover about 71 percent of the earth’s surface, there’s still a lot we don’t know about them. Only about 20 percent of the seafloor has been mapped, and the remaining 80 percent is still a secret to us. Some scientists even think that 91 percent of sea animals have yet to be discovered. So why do we know so little about the deep sea? Well, getting to those depths is very difficult and requires high technology that simply didn’t come into being for most of human history. The first navigable submarine (可驾驶的潜水艇), for example, was built in 1620, and it couldn’t go more than five meters below the surface. In fact, for a long time many scientists didn’t even think that there could be any life at depths greater than 550 meters and didn’t see much need to explore (探索) the deep sea. However, this changed in 1862 when life was discovered as far down as 945 meters below sea level with the help of a digging machine. Ten years later, around 4, 700 species (物种) unknown before from the ocean floor were discovered. Since then, high technology has been developed to help explore the deep sea, including satellites. But why is deep-sea exploration still so difficult? Well, at greater depths it is freezing (极冷的), everything is completely dark, and the pressure can be over 1, 000 times greater than that on the surface. Though we have the difficulties, it’s important that we understand the seas. They help control the earth’s temperature and produce half of the oxygen (O2) in the air. They can also provide us with information about climate change. Our future depends on learning more about our oceans, and it is possible for us to really understand what is ongoing below the surface. 1．Why are some numbers listed in Paragraph 1? A．To introduce how important oceans are. B．To discuss why sea animals have yet to be found out. C．To explain that oceans cover a large area of the earth. D．To show that we have only a little understanding of oceans. 2．What caused the change of exploration into the deep sea? A．High technology. B．Unknown species. C．A pleasant environment. D．Valuable information. 3．What does the underlined word “They” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Sea animals. B．The seas. C．The satellites. D．Many scientists. 4．What can we learn from the text? A．It is difficult to build a navigable submarine. B．The seas have a strong influence on our future. C．The seas have no lives at a depth of 550 meters. D．It is easier to go into the deep sea than we think. 5．What could be the best title of the text? A．Hidden Treasures in Deep Sea B．Unlocked Secrets of Deep Sea C．Deep-Sea Exploration: Into the Freezing Depths D．Deep-Sea Exploration: The Past and the Future B （2022·云南·中考真题）We know many musical instruments well, such as pianos, violins, drums and so on. What about the erhu? The erhu is a traditional Chinese instrument. It is the most popular of the huqin family, and it has a long history. The modern erhu developed from the xiqin, which was played by many ethnic minorities (少数民族) during the Tang Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, musicians began to use the erhu to perform different kinds of music, and it became quite a popular instrument. With the rise of some forms of folk art, the art of the erhu developed quickly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It became an important accompanying (伴奏) instrument in different folk music. At present, it is used in both traditional and modern music, such as in pop, rock and jazz. It has even become a solo (独奏) instrument. One of the most famous musical pieces played on the erhu is Erquan Yingyue. As the erhu was mainly played by common people and the playing skills were passed down orally (口头地), there are few written records about the erhu that can be found. To study the history and the development of the erhu, historians (历史学者) usually turn to ancient paintings. The earliest pictures of this instrument were found in Yulin Caves and Eastern Thousand Buddha Caves in Gansu Province, where five erhu pictures were discovered on murals (壁画). 6．When did the erhu become a popular instrument? A．In the Tang Dynasty. B．In the Song Dynasty. C．In the Ming Dynasty. D．In recent years. 7．To study the history of the erhu, historians usually ________. A．play the most famous erhu pieces B．listen to different kinds of folk music C．get help from ancient paintings D．read some books about ethnic minorities 8．Which is TRUE according to the passage? A．The huqin belongs to the erhu family. B．Folk art stops the development of the erhu. C．People can find plenty of written records about the erhu. D．The erhu is used in both traditional and modern music now. 9．You may read the passage in the ________ section of a newspaper. A．culture B．business C．health D．nature 10．The passage mainly talks about ________. A．the forms of folk music B．the history of the erhu C．the rise of different dynasties D．the development of Chinese instruments C （2022·重庆·中考真题）The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics was a great success. China has kept the promise to hold a green Olympics. Many green actions made it possible, like providing environmentally friendly smart beds, using new energy(能源) cars, supporting sporting places with 100% clean energy and reusing rain and snow water. Take making ice as an example. China didn’t use R507, a common material to make ice, because it isn’t friendly enough to the environment. Through 18 months’ hard work, China independently developed the CO₂ direct cooling technology. A net of tubes runs under the ice. High-pressure liquid(液态) CO₂ goes through them to create heat(热) exchange. The CO₂ evaporates(蒸发) under the ice surface. The evaporation takes in heat and turns water on the surface into ice. And the CO₂ goes into another circle. This technology helps to make ice better and faster. And above all, it is much greener because there’s no new CO₂ produced. Among all the 15 ice sporting places in the Winter Olympics, 7 used the CO₂ direct cooling technology to make ice. As a result, much less pollution was caused. Beijing did so much more to save energy. Beijing built the new sporting places with green materials. As for the old ones, Beijing used new glass walls to take the place of traditional walls to let more natural light in. 70% of the waste heat was also reused to keep warm and dry. And a large number of new energy cars were used at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics. The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics is the first to truly achieve carbon neutrality(碳中和), and it has set new standards in green technologies. Some newspapers say China has set an example for the world in environmental protection and green development. 11．How long did it take China to develop the CO₂ direct cooling technology? A．18 months. B．100 weeks. C．15 days. D．7 years. 12．The writer writes Para. 3 to show ________. A．why the CO₂ goes into another circle B．how the new ice-making technology helped C．how sporting places used the new technology D．why the liquid CO₂ runs through the net of tubes 13．According to the passage, we can infer(推断) that ________. A．all the buildings will be built with glass walls in the near future B．the CO₂ direct cooling technology may be widely used in the world C．the high-pressure liquid CO₂ will totally take the place of R507 soon D．no new standards in green technologies may be set after the Olympics 14．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．A New Green Ice-making Technology B．Green Technologies Used in Sports C．A Shared Future of Green Development D．The Green Beijing Winter Olympics D （2022·江苏泰州·中考真题）Ancient art doesn’t have to be boring. Technology in the 21st century can help to bring it to life by combining(融合) the best of the old and the new.Along the River During the Qingming Festival Walking into the China Pavilion at Expo 2010 in Shanghai, people were amazed by seeing a huge digital(数码的) painting. Scientists digitized(数码化) the famous painting Along the River During the Qingming Festisal by Chinese artist Zhang Zeduan. The original(原先的) painting shows life during the Northern Song period and it includes many details of ancient Chinese customs, lifestyles and technology. Farmers work in the fields, sailors move around their boats and people eat and do business in restaurants. Parts of the background are also animated(做成动画). You can see the wind blowing through the trees and across the water. These animations perfectly combine modern technology and ancient art. Digital technology allows today’s artists to express their ideas in ways that ancient artists would not believe possible. Techniques such as animation and 3D digital projection(投影) make art come alive.Dunhuang Cave Paintings Dunhuang Caves, which are protected ancient treasures in the Gobi desert in Northwest China, are filled with paintings and sculptures with lasting value. This artwork was created over a period of around 1,000 years. The good news is for art lovers who cannot travel and for the caves. Scientists have created a 360-degree, 3D digital projection of the caves, which makes the artwork come alive. There is also a function(功能) that lets viewers zoom in and enjoy the paintings and sculptures in greater detail. Digitising ancient art allows us to explore the ancient practices. It also makes the whole world understand the art while protecting the original artworks for the future. 15．From the passage, we can know that ________. A．both of the two artworks use 3D digital projection B．ancient art allows people to explore the modern technology C．people can’t go to Dunhuang to enjoy paintings and sculptures now D．the digital painting, Along the River During the Qingming Festival was created by Zhang Zeduan 16．Which sentence may be the best to fill in the “________”? A．In the digital painting, a lot of these details are animated. B．In the digital painting, a lot of these scenes are well known. C．In the digital painting, more details of the art can be enjoyed. D．In the digital painting, many different styles of art can be seen. 17．The underlined phrase “zoom in” means ________ in Chinese. A．使(镜头)抬高 B．使(镜头)拉近 C．使(镜头)俯视 D．使(镜头)远离 18．From the passage, we can infer(推断) that _________. A．studying ancient art as much as possible is very necessary B．good art must combine modern technology and ancient art C．protecting the ancient artworks is more important than developing technology D．more valuable ancient artworks will be protected better with technology in the future 19．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage? A．Enjoying Ancient Art B．Protecting Modern Technology C．Digitising Ancient Art D．Understanding Modern Technology 1、 阅读理解（每题两分，共30分） A （2022·湖北武汉·中考真题）Boris, a foreign student at Communication University of China, often shares his experiences of Chinese culture on his vlog (视频博客). In one video, for example, Boris shared how he had learned the Chinese word dongxi. He translated each part separately into “east west”. And he introduced one theory (说法) about how dongxi came to mean “things”. He told people that all marketplaces in ancient Chinese cities were set up along a single road that ran from east to west. So when you would say qu mai dongxi. you’d be saying, “I’m going to buy things.” Some other videos show his reading Chinese poems and performing kung fu in Chinese traditional costume, which are quite welcome among his 40, 000 followers. “Many of my followers are learning Chinese,” Boris said. “But sadly, they know little about Chinese culture and the country.” Like many foreigners, Boris once believed that all Chinese could perform kung fu, flying onto roofs and walking over walls. He thought the country was not that developed. But after he got a scholarship (奖学金) to study in China in 2019, his view changed. “China has entered a new period, but many people’s impressions of China are still stuck in the1970s,” Boris said. “That’s why I started to shoot vlogs to share Chinese culture in 2019.” Until now, Boris has posted more than 40 Chinese culture vlogs online. But making these vlogs is not easy. Take reading the poem Second Farewell to Cambridge by Xu Zhimo as an example. “I can understand and read every word in the poem,” Boris said. “But to touch readers, I need to use proper feelings while reading.” So he needed to look for much background information and make his feelings suit each part of the poem. Though shooting these vlogs takes lots of time, the young man feels proud that his vlogs have inspired many people. Boris said that he wanted to continue bridging the differences between two cultures. “This goal may not be achieved easily, but I will spare no efforts to do my part.” 1．Through the vlogs, Boris mainly wants to ________. A．teach foreigners Chinese B．introduce a Chinese university C．sell Chinese products D．share his experiences in China 2．Boris learned the Chinese word dongxi by ________. A．translating it as a whole B．knowing its cultural background C．making up some sentences D．comparing it with similar words 3．What inspired Boris to shoot vlogs? A．His hunger for new technology. B．His wish to show the real China. C．His interest in Chinese culture. D．His dream to be a big vlogger. 4．The poem Second Farewell to Cambridge is mentioned to ________. A．meet the followers’ needs B．express Boris’s love for poems C．show Boris’s efforts at vlog-making D．give an example of Chinese culture 5．The passage is probably written to ________. A．say yes to Boris’s actions B．build bridges by making vlogs C．call for more help D．achieve a common goal B （2021·广西桂林·中考真题）Water is important to all living things but some areas in the world are short of water a lot. So we should try to protect and save water. A group of students from Zhejiang University have successfully developed an “air hand-washing machine”. The machine uses an infrared ray induction system (红外线感应系统), which can feel the presence of our hands. If it feels there are hands, the water with the air will come from the tap. And it has been proven that it is nearly as effective as traditional hand-washing. It uses only ten percent of the water that regular hand-washing does. The students have even set up a company to introduce the product to the public. Li Qizhang, a member of the team that developed the machine, told a reporter that a model of their machine had already been placed in a classroom building at the university and it worked very well. In 2014, a student called Chen Puyang first thought of the idea while he was washing his hands. Washing one’s hands uses a lot of water, Chen thought. Would it be possible to replace the water with air? Others may not give the question a second thought. However, for Chen and Li, who were studying fluid mechanics (流体力学) at the time, this was considered to be an excellent idea. Soon, Chen, Li and several classmates started on the project. After a year of research, the team came up with a gravity-driven (重力驱动) hand-washing machine successfully. 根据短文内容，选择最佳选项。 6．The underlined words “presence” means “________” in Paragraph 2. A．形状 B．存在 C．距离 D．影响 7．The underlined sentence in the 4th paragraph means ________. A．other people may not spend a second thinking about the question again B．other people may think it is impossible to use air instead of water C．other people may not think or worry about the question at all D．other people may think there is no answer to the question 8．We can infer from the passage that ________. A．the air hand-washing machine will be expensive B．you can wash your hands clean without any electricity C．you can buy the “air hand-washing machine” in the shop now D．the students developed the machine by the knowledge of fluid mechanics 9．Which of the following is TRUE about the “air hand-washing machine”? A．A company was set up to produce the machine. B．It doesn’t need any water when you wash your hand. C．It was invented by two students from Zhejiang University. D．The idea of the machine came to Chen’s mind in a sudden. 10．Compared with the air hand-washing machine, how much water can be wasted by regular hand-washing? A．Only ten percent of the water. B．About twenty percent of the water. C．About ninety percent of the water. D．A hundred percent of the water. C 【语篇来自二十一世纪学生英文报·试题原创】 Appreciating where you live 欣赏你住的地方 I’ve always thought my house is in the worst possible place. I live on the edge of town. My little community of twenty-something houses is about 800 meters away from any other community. Every night, my parents drive home along a rather lonely, forest-lined road to get home. It’s hard for me to carpool with classmates and their parents. But yesterday, I found it is fantastic to live where I do. Yesterday, the whole state of New Jersey, where I live, experienced a snowstorm. When I woke up in the morning, my backyard was a blanket of snow. Everything seemed so clean, as if nature had decided to cover everything and started anew. As I stood by the glass door to have a look, a family of deer galloped past my yard. It was like a scene taken out of Bambi! But that was just the beginning. My family keeps a package of bird feed next to the porch. Every now and then, my mom leaves some feed on the porch for birds to eat. Later that day, while I was eating lunch, I noticed a flash of red in front of the window. Two of the most brilliant cardinals sat on two wooden posts outside my window, pecking away at grains of feed. Their bright red coats stood in contrast to the whiteness outside. The scene took my breath away. When my parents came home that night, I reported to them my findings from the day. “You know,” my mom said, “If we lived anywhere else, you wouldn’t be able to see any of this.” She was right. I always dreamed of living and working in a large city when I grow up. But now, I also cherish the quiet beauty that a suburban backyard offers. 11．Why did the writer use to think his house was in the worst possible place? A．Because it was too big. B．Because it was too small. C．Because it was too far away. D．Because it was too close to a store. 12．What happened in New Jersey the day before? A．It rained heavily in the morning    . B．There was a snowstorm in the whole state. C．The sky was clear and the sun was shining. D．There was a thunderstorm in the afternoon. 13．How does the writer feel about where he lives now? A．He thinks his house is in the worst possible place. B．He is indifferent about where he lives. C．He cherishes the quiet beauty that his suburban backyard offers. D．He is planning to move to a larger city. 14．When did the writer realize that living in the suburbs had its benefits? A．When it was hard for them to carpool with classmates. B．When their parents drove home on a lonely, forest-lined road. C．When they saw a family of deer on their street. D．When their mom reminded them that they would not see these things if they lived in a city. 15．Where did the writer watch the deer run by? A．In the forest. B．Along the lonely road. C．On the window. D．Behind the community. 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业08 阅读理解特训 解｜题｜技｜巧 中考英语阅读理解分题型解题技巧 一、 细节理解题 （一）题干常见问法： 1. According to the passage, what/who/where/when/why/how...? 2. Which of the following is true / not true? 3. Which of the following is mentioned / not mentioned in the passage? 4. The author tells us that...? （二）解题技巧 1. 带着题干关键词（人名、地名、数字、时间等）定位原文，答案通常在关键词所在句或前后句。 2. 注意选项中的偷换概念（如把“some”换成“all”）、颠倒因果等陷阱，需与原文逐词核对。 3. 优先排除含有绝对化词汇（must, never, only, always）的选项，除非原文明确提及。 二、 推理判断题 （一）题干常见问法 1. What can we infer / conclude from the passage? 2. What does the author imply in the passage? 3. We can learn from the passage that...? 4. What do you think the writer will talk about next? （二）解题技巧 1. 答案不能直接摘抄原文，需根据原文信息进行合理推断，不凭空猜测。 2. 关注作者的情感态度词（如happy, angry, worried）和转折词（but, however, yet），这些是推理的关键线索。 3. 推断文章后续内容时，重点看最后一段的结尾句，通常会给出下一段的话题提示。 三、 主旨大意题 （一）题干常见问法 1. What is the main idea / topic of the passage? 2. The best title for the passage is...? 3. What does the passage mainly talk about? 4. The passage is mainly about...? （二）解题技巧 1. 通读全文，找出主题句，主题句通常位于文章开头或结尾，少数在中间。 2. 排除以偏概全的选项（只概括某一段内容）和过度延伸的选项（超出文章讨论范围）。 3. 给文章选标题时，优先选简洁明了、涵盖核心内容的选项，避免选择过于抽象或具体的标题。 四、 词义猜测题 （一）题干常见问法 1. The underlined word “...” in Paragraph X probably means...? 2. What does the underlined phrase “...” refer to? 3. The word “...” in the passage can be replaced by...? （二）解题技巧 1. 利用上下文同义/反义关系：通过and, or等词判断同义，通过but, however等词判断反义。 2. 关注定语从句、同位语：这类成分通常是对生词的解释说明。 3. 分析单词构词法：通过前缀（un-, im-）、后缀（-able, -ment）、词根猜测词义。 五、 观点态度题 （一）题干常见问法 1. What’s the author’s attitude towards...? 2. How does the writer feel about...? 3. What does the author think of...? （二）解题技巧 1. 寻找文中表达情感的形容词、副词（如good, bad, luckily, unfortunately）和动词（如support, oppose, suggest）。 2. 区分作者态度和文中人物态度，不要混淆两者的观点。 3. 常见态度词：positive（积极的）、negative（消极的）、neutral（中立的）、supportive（支持的）、critical（批判的）。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型（题目难度逐层递增） 1、 阅读理解（每题2分，共46分） A Once upon a time, there lived a rich man. He had a servant (仆人). He and the servant loved wine and good food very much. Each time the rich man left him home, the servant would drink the wine and eat up all the nice food in the house. The rich man knew what his servant did, but he had never caught his servant doing that. One morning, when he left home, he said to the servant, “Here are two bottles of poison (毒药) and some nice food in the house. You must take care of them.” With these words, he went out. But the servant knew what the rich man had said was untrue. After the rich man was away from his home, he enjoyed a nice meal. Because he drank too much, he was drunk and fell to the ground. When the rich man came back, he couldn’t find his food and his wine. He became very angry. He woke the servant up. But the servant told his story very well. He said a cat had eaten up everything. He was afraid to be punished, so he drank the poison to kill himself. 1．Who liked wine and good food very much? A．The rich man. B．The servant. C．Both A and B． D．Neither A nor B． 2．The rich man knew that it was ________ that drank the wine and ate up all the nice food. A．the cat B．himself C．nobody D．the servant 3．The rich man told the servant that there was poison in the two bottles, because ________. A．there was true poison in the bottles B．he did not want the servant to drink his wine C．he wanted to kill the cat D．he wanted to kill the servant 4．In fact, ________ ate all the nice food and drank the wine. A．the servant B．the cat C．the rich man D．nobody 5．From the story, we know that the servant was very________. A．lazy B．good C．clever D．kind 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文讲述一个与主人一样爱好美食和酒的仆人在偷吃了主人的东西后，巧妙地利用主人说过的话欺骗主人。 1．细节理解题。根据“there lived a rich man. He had a servant. He and the servant loved wine and good food very much.”可知，这位富人和他的仆人都非常喜欢葡萄酒和美食。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“The rich man knew what his servant did”可知，这位富人知道是仆人喝了酒，吃光了所有美味的食物。。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“But the servant knew what the rich man had said was untrue.”可知，富人告诉仆人，两个瓶子里有毒药，因为他不想让仆人喝他的酒。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“After the rich man was away from his home, he enjoyed a nice meal.”可知，事实上，仆人吃了所有美食，喝了酒。故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据“But the servant told his story very well. He said a cat had eaten up everything. He was afraid to be punished, so he drank the poison to kill himself.”可知，这个仆人偷吃了富人的酒和美食，却编造是猫吃了美食，他怕被惩罚而喝了富人所说的“毒药”；可知，这个仆人是聪明的。故选C。 B China is famous for its delicious food. Especially during festivals, there are different traditional foods. Among them is niangao.   Niangao, a kind of Chinese New Year’s rice cake, is made of glutinous rice (糯米). It is very popular during the Spring Festival. The pronunciation of niangao sounds like “year” and “high”, which means higher incomes, better jobs, higher marks, the growth of children, and generally the promise of a better year. Niangao is usually made of glutinous rice flour (糯米粉), wheat starch (小麦淀粉), salt, water and sugar. The tastes can be divided into two main kinds: sweet niangao in northern China, while sweet or salty niangao in the south. Salty and sweet tastes are both fantastic. In Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas, people can put different things inside niangao, such as oil and sweet red beans. The ways to make niangao include braising (炖), stir-frying (炒), deep-frying, piece-frying and so on. Stir-fried niangao with sugar is quite popular. Stirfried niangao with shepherd’s purse (荠菜) is also delicious. Chicken soup niangao should appear in every family on Chinese New Year’s Eve. Niangao is not only delicious but also meaningful. Do you want to learn to cook it or just want to eat it? 6．People usually eat niangao during ________ according to the passage. A．the Dragon Boat Festival B．the Lantern Festival C．the Mid-Autumn Festival D．the Spring Festival 7．From Paragraph 3, we can know the ________ of niangao. A．taste B．meaning C．preparation D．shape 8．People in the ________ of China like to have salty niangao. A．east B．south C．west D．north 9．Niangao with ________ is necessary on Chinese New Year’s Eve according to the passage. A．chicken soup B．shepherd’s purse C．red beans D．oil 【答案】6．D 7．B 8．B 9．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国新年期间的传统食品——年糕，其由糯米制成，寓意着更高的收入、更好的工作、更高的分数等美好愿望，并介绍了年糕的制作方法和口味差异。 6．细节理解题。根据“It is very popular during the Spring Festival.”可知，在春节期间，年糕非常受欢迎。故选D。 7．主旨大意题。根据“which means higher incomes, better jobs, higher marks, the growth of children, and generally the promise of a better year.”可知，这意味着更高的收入、更好的工作、更高的分数、孩子的成长，以及总体上更好的一年的希望。可知是年糕的寓意。故选B。 8．细节理解题。根据“while sweet or salty niangao in the south.”可知，而南部的年糕则是甜的或咸的。故选B。 9．细节理解题。根据“ Chicken soup niangao should appear in every family on Chinese New Year’s Eve.”可知，除夕夜，每家每户都应该有鸡汤年糕。故选A。 C（2022·福建·中考真题） Welcome to School Dance Club Are you tired of sitting too long? Do you want to be healthier? Join the School Dance Club and move your body! Choice of dances: folk, modern, pop, etc. Level of difficulty: Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3 Teachers: Helen White — 13 years of teaching experience — Graduated from International Master Dance School John Smith — First prize winner of “Dancers on Stage” for 4 years starting from 2016 Ken Power — Skilled in different kinds of dance, especially in “fusion (融合)” dance Who to join: Aged 12~15 If you would like to be one of us, please kindly fill in the form and send it to Maria Cooper’s office before 18th March. 10．The Dance Club best suits those who want to ________. A．be healthier B．be quiet C．sing folk songs D．learn pop music 11．How many levels of difficulty does the Dance Club offer? A．1. B．2. C．3. D．4. 12．If you want to learn “fusion” dance, you can choose ________. A．Helen White B．John Smith C．Ken Power D．Maria Cooper 13．Who can join the Dance Club? A．Teachers with rich experience. B．Teachers good at dancing. C．Students aged 10. D．Students aged 13. 14．The text is probably a ________. A．poster B．diary C．poem D．report 【答案】10．A 11．C 12．C 13．D 14．A 【导语】本文介绍了学校舞蹈俱乐部的相关信息。 10．细节理解题。根据“Do you want to be healthier? Join the School Dance Club and move your body!”可知舞蹈俱乐部最适合那些想要更健康的人，故选A。 11．细节理解题。根据“Level of difficulty: Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3”可知困难级别有三级，故选C。 12．细节理解题。根据“Ken Power—Skilled in different kinds of dance, especially in “fusion (融合)” danc”可知如果你想学习“融合”舞蹈，你可以选择Ken Power。故选C。 13．细节理解题。根据“Who to join: Aged 12~15”可知年龄在12至15岁的人可以参加，故选D。 14．推理判断题。通读全文可知文章介绍了学校舞蹈俱乐部的相关信息，所以可能在海报上看见，故选A。 D American teens love their sports Whether it’s soccer, basketball or tennis, there are lots of fun sports to play when you’re not busy with school. Some sports, like basketball, are universal（世界性的）. Kids all over the world play them. But other sports are more unique（独特的）. In the US, playing baseball is a common after-school activity for many kids. In fact, it is known as the “national pastime” of the US. But few people outside of the US play this sport. It is popular in some Central American countries, such as Mexico, and some East Asian countries, such as Japan and South Korea. But it is almost unknown in other parts of the world. There is also American football. a sport that is unique to the US and Canada. The sport is similar to rugby（英式橄榄球）, which is more popular in Europe. Players have to carry, throw or kick the ball to a receiving player in the “end zone” in order to score points. But they have to get the ball past a wall of defending（防护的）players first. US students who play these sports usually take them quite seriously. Some high school athletes（运动员）can go on to play on college teams, receiving scholarships（奖学金）in return for their performance on the field. Talented college players can be picked by national teams and become professional players. So for some young athletes, playing sports after school can lead to a full-time career. 15．What is known as the “national pastime” of the US? A．Playing baseball. B．Playing soccer. C．Playing basketball. D．Playing football. 16．Which of the following is TRUE about American football? A．It is only played in America. B．It is more popular in Europe. C．It is similar to rugby in Britain. D．It is unknown to people in Asia. 17．How can your team score points in American football? A．Kick the ball into the “end zone.” B．Pass a wall of defending players. C．Throw the ball to a player in the “end zone.” D．Receive the ball and run down the field. 18．Why do college students in the US take sports seriously? A．Because they can earn money from playing on national teams. B．Because they can have fun when they’re not busy with school. C．Because they can make friends with high school players. D．Because they can be picked to play on national teams. 【答案】15．A 16．C 17．C 18．D 【导语】本文主要介绍美国的一些独特的体育运动项目。 15．细节理解题。根据“In the US, playing baseball is a common after-school activity for many kids. In fact, it is known as the ‘national pastime’ of the US.”可知，打棒球被称为美国的“全国性消遣”。故选A。 16．细节理解题。根据“There is also American football. a sport that is unique to the US and Canada. The sport is similar to rugby（英式橄榄球）, which is more popular in Europe.”可知，美式足球与英国的橄榄球相似。故选C。 17．细节理解题。根据“Players have to carry, throw or kick the ball to a receiving player in the ‘end zone’ in order to score points. ”可知，在美式足球比赛中，你的球队通过将球投给“终点区”的球员来得分。故选C。 18．细节理解题。根据“US students who play these sports usually take them quite seriously. Some high school athletes（运动员）can go on to play on college teams. receiving scholarships（奖学金）in return for their performance on the field. Talented college players can be picked by national teams and become professional players.”可知，美国的大学生非常重视体育运动，因为他们可以入选国家队。故选D。 E Plastic is everywhere. From the food we eat to the air we breathe, tiny particles (微粒) of plastic—also known as “microplastic” — can be found in almost anything. Researchers have questioned whether taking microplastic can negatively influence our health, especially if there are pieces of plastic you’re using almost every day, like your plastic cutting board. A study that was published recently examined the amount of microplastic found in food after using two different types of plastic cutting boards. Researchers cut up carrots on these plastic cutting boards and found they resulted in 1,114 microplastic particles (pieces of plastic less than 5 millimeters long) on the carrots each time the board was used. This means a plastic cutting board could produce 15 milligrams of microplastic per cut, and around 50 grams a year — the same amount as 10 plastic credit cards. ▲ At first, the studies about microplastic eating seem upsetting. Evidence suggests that microplastic can be found in our blood, our lungs, and even our placenta (胎盘), and can be harmful to our physical health. However, it’s important to note that the science is still new and very limited (有限的). Dr. LeBeau points out that while the recent study examining cutting boards does provide evidence of plastic particles in food, it does not make any claims (声明) that the negative effects of these cutting boards can do harm to human health. It is unclear if they are a human health risk to consumers. Also, studies on microplastic and health problems have only suggested a possible link. They don’t say for sure because it is still hard to prove a direct cause. 19．How many grams of microplastic can a plastic cutting board produce in one year? A．10 grams. B．15 grams. C．50 grams. D．1, 114 grams. 20．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Studies. B．Carrots. C．Researchers. D．These plastic cutting boards. 21．Choose the best sentence to fill in the blank “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 3. A．What should we do with microplastic? B．Should people make use of microplastic? C．With so much microplastic in our food, can we avoid microplastic? D．With so much microplastic in our food, should people be worried? 22．What’s the passage mainly about? A．Introducing microplastic. B．Explaining how to protect ourselves. C．Asking us not to use plastic products. D．Showing us the relationship between microplastic and humans. 23．What would be the best structure for the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】19．C 20．D 21．D 22．D 23．C 【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，主要介绍了一项研究，塑料砧板在使用时会释放大量微塑料到食物中，但现有科学尚无法确定这些微塑料是否会对人体健康造成直接危害。 19．细节理解题。根据第二段“This means a plastic cutting board could produce 15 milligrams of microplastic per cut, and around 50 grams a year …”可知，塑料砧板每年产生约50克微塑料。故选C。 20．细节理解题。根据第二段“Researchers cut up carrots on these plastic cutting boards and found they resulted in 1,114 microplastic particles”可知，“they”指代前文提到的“these plastic cutting boards”。故选D。 21．推理判断题。根据第三段后文“At first, the studies about microplastic eating seem upset ... However, it’s important to note that the science is still new and very limited”可知，该段先提出担忧再转折说明证据有限，因此空白处应引出担忧情绪。故选D。 22．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讨论了微塑料颗粒与人的身体健康之间的联系。故选D。 23．篇章结构题。根据文章内容，第一段引出话题介绍了塑料的普遍存在性和可能的健康担忧；第二段描述了一项研究，包括研究方法和发现的微塑料颗粒的数量；第三段讨论了微塑料可能影响消费者健康的担忧；最后一段是研究的补充说明。所以本文是“总——分”结构的文章。故选C。 一、阅读理解（每题2分，共36分） A （2024·福建·中考真题）Though oceans cover about 71 percent of the earth’s surface, there’s still a lot we don’t know about them. Only about 20 percent of the seafloor has been mapped, and the remaining 80 percent is still a secret to us. Some scientists even think that 91 percent of sea animals have yet to be discovered. So why do we know so little about the deep sea? Well, getting to those depths is very difficult and requires high technology that simply didn’t come into being for most of human history. The first navigable submarine (可驾驶的潜水艇), for example, was built in 1620, and it couldn’t go more than five meters below the surface. In fact, for a long time many scientists didn’t even think that there could be any life at depths greater than 550 meters and didn’t see much need to explore (探索) the deep sea. However, this changed in 1862 when life was discovered as far down as 945 meters below sea level with the help of a digging machine. Ten years later, around 4, 700 species (物种) unknown before from the ocean floor were discovered. Since then, high technology has been developed to help explore the deep sea, including satellites. But why is deep-sea exploration still so difficult? Well, at greater depths it is freezing (极冷的), everything is completely dark, and the pressure can be over 1, 000 times greater than that on the surface. Though we have the difficulties, it’s important that we understand the seas. They help control the earth’s temperature and produce half of the oxygen (O2) in the air. They can also provide us with information about climate change. Our future depends on learning more about our oceans, and it is possible for us to really understand what is ongoing below the surface. 1．Why are some numbers listed in Paragraph 1? A．To introduce how important oceans are. B．To discuss why sea animals have yet to be found out. C．To explain that oceans cover a large area of the earth. D．To show that we have only a little understanding of oceans. 2．What caused the change of exploration into the deep sea? A．High technology. B．Unknown species. C．A pleasant environment. D．Valuable information. 3．What does the underlined word “They” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Sea animals. B．The seas. C．The satellites. D．Many scientists. 4．What can we learn from the text? A．It is difficult to build a navigable submarine. B．The seas have a strong influence on our future. C．The seas have no lives at a depth of 550 meters. D．It is easier to go into the deep sea than we think. 5．What could be the best title of the text? A．Hidden Treasures in Deep Sea B．Unlocked Secrets of Deep Sea C．Deep-Sea Exploration: Into the Freezing Depths D．Deep-Sea Exploration: The Past and the Future 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文介绍了了解海洋的重要性。 1．推理判断题。根据“Though oceans cover about 71 percent of the earth’s surface, there’s still a lot we don’t know about them.…”可知列举的数字表明，尽管海洋覆盖地球的71%，但是我们仍然知之甚少。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“In fact, for a long time many scientists didn’t even think that there could be any life at depths greater than 550 meters and didn’t see much need to explore the deep sea.”和“Since then, high technology has been developed to help explore the deep sea, including satellites.”可知探索深海需要高科技的帮助。故选A。 3．词义推断题。根据“Though we have the difficulties, it’s important that we understand the seas.”可知虽然我们有困难，但了解海洋是很重要的。此处they指代上文的seas。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Our future depends on learning more about our oceans, and it is possible for us to really understand what is ongoing below the surface.”可知我们的未来取决于更多地了解我们的海洋，说明海洋对我们的未来有很大影响。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了探索海洋的重要性，根据“Since then, high technology has been developed to help explore the deep sea, including satellites. But why is deep-sea exploration still so difficult?”可知主要是介绍深海探究的现状，并不是过去与未来。故选C。 B （2022·云南·中考真题）We know many musical instruments well, such as pianos, violins, drums and so on. What about the erhu? The erhu is a traditional Chinese instrument. It is the most popular of the huqin family, and it has a long history. The modern erhu developed from the xiqin, which was played by many ethnic minorities (少数民族) during the Tang Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, musicians began to use the erhu to perform different kinds of music, and it became quite a popular instrument. With the rise of some forms of folk art, the art of the erhu developed quickly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It became an important accompanying (伴奏) instrument in different folk music. At present, it is used in both traditional and modern music, such as in pop, rock and jazz. It has even become a solo (独奏) instrument. One of the most famous musical pieces played on the erhu is Erquan Yingyue. As the erhu was mainly played by common people and the playing skills were passed down orally (口头地), there are few written records about the erhu that can be found. To study the history and the development of the erhu, historians (历史学者) usually turn to ancient paintings. The earliest pictures of this instrument were found in Yulin Caves and Eastern Thousand Buddha Caves in Gansu Province, where five erhu pictures were discovered on murals (壁画). 6．When did the erhu become a popular instrument? A．In the Tang Dynasty. B．In the Song Dynasty. C．In the Ming Dynasty. D．In recent years. 7．To study the history of the erhu, historians usually ________. A．play the most famous erhu pieces B．listen to different kinds of folk music C．get help from ancient paintings D．read some books about ethnic minorities 8．Which is TRUE according to the passage? A．The huqin belongs to the erhu family. B．Folk art stops the development of the erhu. C．People can find plenty of written records about the erhu. D．The erhu is used in both traditional and modern music now. 9．You may read the passage in the ________ section of a newspaper. A．culture B．business C．health D．nature 10．The passage mainly talks about ________. A．the forms of folk music B．the history of the erhu C．the rise of different dynasties D．the development of Chinese instruments 【答案】6．B 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了二胡的起源和发展。 6．细节理解题。根据“In the Song Dynasty, musicians began to use the erhu to perform different kinds of music, and it became quite a popular instrument”可知，到了宋朝，它成为一种相当流行的乐器，故选B。 7．细节理解题。根据“To study the history and the development of the erhu, historians (历史学者) usually turn to ancient paintings”可知，为了研究二胡的历史和发展，历史学家通常会研究古代绘画，故选C。 8．推理判断题。根据“t present, it is used in both traditional and modern music”可知，二胡现在在传统音乐和现代音乐中都有使用，D表述正确，故选D。 9．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了二胡的起源和发展，属于文化类，故选A。 10．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了二胡的起源和发展，故选B。 C （2022·重庆·中考真题）The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics was a great success. China has kept the promise to hold a green Olympics. Many green actions made it possible, like providing environmentally friendly smart beds, using new energy(能源) cars, supporting sporting places with 100% clean energy and reusing rain and snow water. Take making ice as an example. China didn’t use R507, a common material to make ice, because it isn’t friendly enough to the environment. Through 18 months’ hard work, China independently developed the CO₂ direct cooling technology. A net of tubes runs under the ice. High-pressure liquid(液态) CO₂ goes through them to create heat(热) exchange. The CO₂ evaporates(蒸发) under the ice surface. The evaporation takes in heat and turns water on the surface into ice. And the CO₂ goes into another circle. This technology helps to make ice better and faster. And above all, it is much greener because there’s no new CO₂ produced. Among all the 15 ice sporting places in the Winter Olympics, 7 used the CO₂ direct cooling technology to make ice. As a result, much less pollution was caused. Beijing did so much more to save energy. Beijing built the new sporting places with green materials. As for the old ones, Beijing used new glass walls to take the place of traditional walls to let more natural light in. 70% of the waste heat was also reused to keep warm and dry. And a large number of new energy cars were used at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics. The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics is the first to truly achieve carbon neutrality(碳中和), and it has set new standards in green technologies. Some newspapers say China has set an example for the world in environmental protection and green development. 11．How long did it take China to develop the CO₂ direct cooling technology? A．18 months. B．100 weeks. C．15 days. D．7 years. 12．The writer writes Para. 3 to show ________. A．why the CO₂ goes into another circle B．how the new ice-making technology helped C．how sporting places used the new technology D．why the liquid CO₂ runs through the net of tubes 13．According to the passage, we can infer(推断) that ________. A．all the buildings will be built with glass walls in the near future B．the CO₂ direct cooling technology may be widely used in the world C．the high-pressure liquid CO₂ will totally take the place of R507 soon D．no new standards in green technologies may be set after the Olympics 14．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．A New Green Ice-making Technology B．Green Technologies Used in Sports C．A Shared Future of Green Development D．The Green Beijing Winter Olympics 【答案】11．A 12．B 13．B 14．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍北京2022年冬奥会实现了绿色奥运的承诺，以及中国自主研发出了二氧化碳直接冷却技术。 11．细节理解题。根据“Through 18 months’ hard work, China independently developed the CO₂ direct cooling technology.”可知，历史18个月，中国自主研发出了二氧化碳直接冷却技术。故选A。 12．段落大意题。分析第三段内容可知，本段主要是介绍二氧化碳直接冷却技术是如何运作来制冰的，故选B。 13．推理判断题。根据“As a result, much less pollution was caused.”和“Some newspapers say China has set an example for the world in environmental protection and green development.”可知，造成的污染减少了，且一些报纸称，中国在环境保护和绿色发展方面为世界树立了榜样。由此推知， 二氧化碳直接冷却技术在世界范围内具有广泛的应用前景，故选B。 14．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍北京2022年冬奥会实现了绿色奥运的承诺，以及中国自主研发出了二氧化碳直接冷却技术。选项D“绿色北京冬奥会”符合主题，故选D。 D （2022·江苏泰州·中考真题）Ancient art doesn’t have to be boring. Technology in the 21st century can help to bring it to life by combining(融合) the best of the old and the new.Along the River During the Qingming Festival Walking into the China Pavilion at Expo 2010 in Shanghai, people were amazed by seeing a huge digital(数码的) painting. Scientists digitized(数码化) the famous painting Along the River During the Qingming Festisal by Chinese artist Zhang Zeduan. The original(原先的) painting shows life during the Northern Song period and it includes many details of ancient Chinese customs, lifestyles and technology. Farmers work in the fields, sailors move around their boats and people eat and do business in restaurants. Parts of the background are also animated(做成动画). You can see the wind blowing through the trees and across the water. These animations perfectly combine modern technology and ancient art. Digital technology allows today’s artists to express their ideas in ways that ancient artists would not believe possible. Techniques such as animation and 3D digital projection(投影) make art come alive.Dunhuang Cave Paintings Dunhuang Caves, which are protected ancient treasures in the Gobi desert in Northwest China, are filled with paintings and sculptures with lasting value. This artwork was created over a period of around 1,000 years. The good news is for art lovers who cannot travel and for the caves. Scientists have created a 360-degree, 3D digital projection of the caves, which makes the artwork come alive. There is also a function(功能) that lets viewers zoom in and enjoy the paintings and sculptures in greater detail. Digitising ancient art allows us to explore the ancient practices. It also makes the whole world understand the art while protecting the original artworks for the future. 15．From the passage, we can know that ________. A．both of the two artworks use 3D digital projection B．ancient art allows people to explore the modern technology C．people can’t go to Dunhuang to enjoy paintings and sculptures now D．the digital painting, Along the River During the Qingming Festival was created by Zhang Zeduan 16．Which sentence may be the best to fill in the “________”? A．In the digital painting, a lot of these details are animated. B．In the digital painting, a lot of these scenes are well known. C．In the digital painting, more details of the art can be enjoyed. D．In the digital painting, many different styles of art can be seen. 17．The underlined phrase “zoom in” means ________ in Chinese. A．使(镜头)抬高 B．使(镜头)拉近 C．使(镜头)俯视 D．使(镜头)远离 18．From the passage, we can infer(推断) that _________. A．studying ancient art as much as possible is very necessary B．good art must combine modern technology and ancient art C．protecting the ancient artworks is more important than developing technology D．more valuable ancient artworks will be protected better with technology in the future 19．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage? A．Enjoying Ancient Art B．Protecting Modern Technology C．Digitising Ancient Art D．Understanding Modern Technology 【答案】15．A 16．A 17．B 18．D 19．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了数字化技术可以帮助我们探索古代艺术品的奥妙，同时也使它们得到更好的保护。 15．细节理解题。根据“Techniques such as animation and 3D digital projection(投影) make art come alive.”以及“ Scientists have created a 360-degree, 3D digital projection of the caves, which makes the artwork come alive”可知这两幅作品都使用了3D数字投影技术，故选A。 16．推理判断题。根据“ Farmers work in the fields, sailors move around their boats and people eat and do business in restaurants. Parts of the background are also animated(做成动画)”（农民在田里干活，水手在船上走动，人们在餐馆吃饭和做生意。部分背景也会设置动画）可知此处是指作品里很多地方都是动画化的，选项A符合语境，故选A。 17．词义猜测题。根据“enjoy the paintings and sculptures in greater detail.”（更详细地欣赏绘画和雕塑。）可知，需要把镜头拉近才能更详细欣赏，故选B。 18．推理判断题。根据“Digitising ancient art allows us to explore the ancient practices. It also makes the whole world understand the art while protecting the original artworks for the future.”（数字化古代艺术使我们能够探索古代的做法。 也让全世界都了解艺术，同时为未来保护原创艺术品。）可推知未来会有更多珍贵的古代艺术品通过技术得到更好的保护，故选D。 19．最佳标题题。根据“Digitising ancient art allows us to explore the ancient practices. ”以及通读全文可知本文主要讲述了数字化技术可以帮助我们探索古代艺术品的奥妙，同时也使它们得到更好的保护，故选C。 1、 阅读理解（每题两分，共30分） A （2022·湖北武汉·中考真题）Boris, a foreign student at Communication University of China, often shares his experiences of Chinese culture on his vlog (视频博客). In one video, for example, Boris shared how he had learned the Chinese word dongxi. He translated each part separately into “east west”. And he introduced one theory (说法) about how dongxi came to mean “things”. He told people that all marketplaces in ancient Chinese cities were set up along a single road that ran from east to west. So when you would say qu mai dongxi. you’d be saying, “I’m going to buy things.” Some other videos show his reading Chinese poems and performing kung fu in Chinese traditional costume, which are quite welcome among his 40, 000 followers. “Many of my followers are learning Chinese,” Boris said. “But sadly, they know little about Chinese culture and the country.” Like many foreigners, Boris once believed that all Chinese could perform kung fu, flying onto roofs and walking over walls. He thought the country was not that developed. But after he got a scholarship (奖学金) to study in China in 2019, his view changed. “China has entered a new period, but many people’s impressions of China are still stuck in the1970s,” Boris said. “That’s why I started to shoot vlogs to share Chinese culture in 2019.” Until now, Boris has posted more than 40 Chinese culture vlogs online. But making these vlogs is not easy. Take reading the poem Second Farewell to Cambridge by Xu Zhimo as an example. “I can understand and read every word in the poem,” Boris said. “But to touch readers, I need to use proper feelings while reading.” So he needed to look for much background information and make his feelings suit each part of the poem. Though shooting these vlogs takes lots of time, the young man feels proud that his vlogs have inspired many people. Boris said that he wanted to continue bridging the differences between two cultures. “This goal may not be achieved easily, but I will spare no efforts to do my part.” 1．Through the vlogs, Boris mainly wants to ________. A．teach foreigners Chinese B．introduce a Chinese university C．sell Chinese products D．share his experiences in China 2．Boris learned the Chinese word dongxi by ________. A．translating it as a whole B．knowing its cultural background C．making up some sentences D．comparing it with similar words 3．What inspired Boris to shoot vlogs? A．His hunger for new technology. B．His wish to show the real China. C．His interest in Chinese culture. D．His dream to be a big vlogger. 4．The poem Second Farewell to Cambridge is mentioned to ________. A．meet the followers’ needs B．express Boris’s love for poems C．show Boris’s efforts at vlog-making D．give an example of Chinese culture 5．The passage is probably written to ________. A．say yes to Boris’s actions B．build bridges by making vlogs C．call for more help D．achieve a common goal 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了一位外国学生Boris在博客上分享学习中国文化的经历，包括他学到的一些词语的来历，中国诗歌，表演中国功夫，他的视频激励了许多人，Boris想通过这个来继续弥合两种文化之间的差异。 1．细节理解题。根据“Boris, a foreign student at Communication University of China, often shares his experiences of Chinese culture on his vlog”可知，通过博客想分享他在中国的经历，故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段的内容，尤其“He told people that all marketplaces in ancient Chinese cities were set up along a single road that ran from east to west”可知，通过了解文化背景来学习“东西”这个词的含义，故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“China has entered a new period, but many people’s impressions of China are still stuck in the 1970s,” Boris said. “That’s why I started to shoot vlogs to share Chinese culture in 2019”可知，他了解到许多人对中国的印象还停留在20世纪70年代，他想通过视频来让人们了解中国的现状，了解真正的中国，故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“But making these vlogs is not easy. Take reading the poem Second Farewell to Cambridge by Xu Zhimo as an example”可知，提到阅读徐志摩写的诗歌是为了表明制作博客的不易，故选C。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了一位外国学生Boris在博客上分享学习中国文化的经历，让更多人了解中国的现状，目的是以此来肯定他分享文化的举动，故选A。 B （2021·广西桂林·中考真题）Water is important to all living things but some areas in the world are short of water a lot. So we should try to protect and save water. A group of students from Zhejiang University have successfully developed an “air hand-washing machine”. The machine uses an infrared ray induction system (红外线感应系统), which can feel the presence of our hands. If it feels there are hands, the water with the air will come from the tap. And it has been proven that it is nearly as effective as traditional hand-washing. It uses only ten percent of the water that regular hand-washing does. The students have even set up a company to introduce the product to the public. Li Qizhang, a member of the team that developed the machine, told a reporter that a model of their machine had already been placed in a classroom building at the university and it worked very well. In 2014, a student called Chen Puyang first thought of the idea while he was washing his hands. Washing one’s hands uses a lot of water, Chen thought. Would it be possible to replace the water with air? Others may not give the question a second thought. However, for Chen and Li, who were studying fluid mechanics (流体力学) at the time, this was considered to be an excellent idea. Soon, Chen, Li and several classmates started on the project. After a year of research, the team came up with a gravity-driven (重力驱动) hand-washing machine successfully. 根据短文内容，选择最佳选项。 6．The underlined words “presence” means “________” in Paragraph 2. A．形状 B．存在 C．距离 D．影响 7．The underlined sentence in the 4th paragraph means ________. A．other people may not spend a second thinking about the question again B．other people may think it is impossible to use air instead of water C．other people may not think or worry about the question at all D．other people may think there is no answer to the question 8．We can infer from the passage that ________. A．the air hand-washing machine will be expensive B．you can wash your hands clean without any electricity C．you can buy the “air hand-washing machine” in the shop now D．the students developed the machine by the knowledge of fluid mechanics 9．Which of the following is TRUE about the “air hand-washing machine”? A．A company was set up to produce the machine. B．It doesn’t need any water when you wash your hand. C．It was invented by two students from Zhejiang University. D．The idea of the machine came to Chen’s mind in a sudden. 10．Compared with the air hand-washing machine, how much water can be wasted by regular hand-washing? A．Only ten percent of the water. B．About twenty percent of the water. C．About ninety percent of the water. D．A hundred percent of the water. 【答案】6．B 7．B 8．D 9．D 10．C 【分析】文章主要介绍了来自浙江大学的一群大学生成功研制出的“空气洗手装置”。 6．词义猜测题。根据“If it feels there are hands”可知这个系统能感受到手的存在，presence意为“存在”。故选B。 7．句意猜测题。“Others may not give the question a second thought.”意为“其他人可能不会再考虑这个问题。”此处讲其他人可能认为这个解决方法（用空气替代水）是不可行的。故选B。 8．推理判断题。根据“However, for Chen and Li, who were studying fluid mechanics (流体力学) at the time, this was considered to be an excellent idea.”及“After a year of research, the team came up with a gravity-driven hand-washing machine successfully.”可知正在学习流体力学，觉得发明空气洗手装置会是个好主意，而发明出来的洗手装置也使用了重力驱动，由此可推出学生们用流体力学的知识研制了这台机器。故选D。 9．细节理解题。根据“In 2014, a student called Chen Puyang first thought of the idea while he was washing his hands.”可知陈突然想到了制造这种机器的主意。故选D。 10．推理判断题。根据“It uses only ten percent of the water that regular hand-washing does.”可知用空气洗手装置洗手，只需使用通常的百分之十的水量，由此推出常规洗手浪费了百分之九十的水。故选C。 C 【语篇来自二十一世纪学生英文报·试题原创】 Appreciating where you live 欣赏你住的地方 I’ve always thought my house is in the worst possible place. I live on the edge of town. My little community of twenty-something houses is about 800 meters away from any other community. Every night, my parents drive home along a rather lonely, forest-lined road to get home. It’s hard for me to carpool with classmates and their parents. But yesterday, I found it is fantastic to live where I do. Yesterday, the whole state of New Jersey, where I live, experienced a snowstorm. When I woke up in the morning, my backyard was a blanket of snow. Everything seemed so clean, as if nature had decided to cover everything and started anew. As I stood by the glass door to have a look, a family of deer galloped past my yard. It was like a scene taken out of Bambi! But that was just the beginning. My family keeps a package of bird feed next to the porch. Every now and then, my mom leaves some feed on the porch for birds to eat. Later that day, while I was eating lunch, I noticed a flash of red in front of the window. Two of the most brilliant cardinals sat on two wooden posts outside my window, pecking away at grains of feed. Their bright red coats stood in contrast to the whiteness outside. The scene took my breath away. When my parents came home that night, I reported to them my findings from the day. “You know,” my mom said, “If we lived anywhere else, you wouldn’t be able to see any of this.” She was right. I always dreamed of living and working in a large city when I grow up. But now, I also cherish the quiet beauty that a suburban backyard offers. 11．Why did the writer use to think his house was in the worst possible place? A．Because it was too big. B．Because it was too small. C．Because it was too far away. D．Because it was too close to a store. 12．What happened in New Jersey the day before? A．It rained heavily in the morning    . B．There was a snowstorm in the whole state. C．The sky was clear and the sun was shining. D．There was a thunderstorm in the afternoon. 13．How does the writer feel about where he lives now? A．He thinks his house is in the worst possible place. B．He is indifferent about where he lives. C．He cherishes the quiet beauty that his suburban backyard offers. D．He is planning to move to a larger city. 14．When did the writer realize that living in the suburbs had its benefits? A．When it was hard for them to carpool with classmates. B．When their parents drove home on a lonely, forest-lined road. C．When they saw a family of deer on their street. D．When their mom reminded them that they would not see these things if they lived in a city. 15．Where did the writer watch the deer run by? A．In the forest. B．Along the lonely road. C．On the window. D．Behind the community. 【答案】11．C 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者起初认为自己住的地方是最糟糕的，但是在一场暴风雪之后，作者才意识到自己住的地方是多么的美，让人陶醉。 11．细节理解题。根据“I live on the edge of town. My little community of twenty-something houses is about 800 meters away from any other community.”可知，作者住在城市边缘，离其他社区大约800米远。故选C。 12．细节理解题。根据第三段“Yesterday, the whole state of New Jersey, where I live, experienced a snowstorm.”可知，昨天整个新泽西州都经历了一场暴风雪。故选B。 13．推理判断题。根据最后一段“I always dreamed of living and working in a large city when I grow up. But now, I also cherish the quiet beauty that a suburban backyard offers.”可知，作者现在很珍惜郊区后院所提供的宁静之美。故选C。 14．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“If we lived anywhere else, you wouldn’t be able to see any of this.”和倒数第二段“She was right.”可知，当妈妈说如果他们住在城市里，就不会看到这些东西时，作者才意识到住在郊区的好处。故选D。 15．细节理解题。根据第三段“As I stood by the glass door to have a look, a family of deer galloped past my yard.”可知，当作者站在玻璃门旁看的时候，一家鹿从院子里飞奔而过。故选C。 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $