Unit 6语法知识点讲义 2025-2026学年 外研版英语八年级上册

Unit 6语法知识点讲解——过去进行时

 

一、 定义

表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。强调动作在过去的某个时间点处于“进行中”的状态。

二、 结构

1. 肯定句

主语 + was/were + doing（动词现在分词）

• 主语为 I/he/she/it 时，用 was

例：I was reading a novel at 8 o'clock last night.（昨晚8点我正在看小说。）

例：She was washing clothes when her mother came back.（妈妈回来时，她正在洗衣服。）

• 主语为 we/you/they 时，用 were

例：They were playing basketball on the playground yesterday afternoon.（昨天下午他们正在操场上打篮球。）

2. 否定句

主语 + was/were + not + doing

• 缩写形式：wasn’t / weren’t

例：He wasn’t watching TV at that time.（那时他没在看电视。）
例：We weren’t having a class when the bell rang.（铃响时我们没在上课。）

3. 一般疑问句

Was/Were + 主语 + doing?

 → 回答：

Yes, 主语 + was/were. 

 No, 主语 + wasn’t/weren’t.

例：— Were you listening to music just now?（刚才你在听音乐吗？）
— Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t.

4. 特殊疑问句

特殊疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + doing?

例：What was she doing at 9 o’clock this morning?（今天早上9点她在做什么？）

三、 常用时间状语

1. 表示过去具体时刻：at 8 last night, at that time, at this time yesterday

2. 表示过去一段时间：from 7 to 9 yesterday evening, the whole morning last Sunday

3. 与 when/while 引导的时间状语从句连用

◦ when 后常接一般过去时（短暂动作），主句用过去进行时（持续动作）
例：When he knocked at the door, my mother was washing dishes.
（他敲门的时候，我妈妈正在洗碗。）

◦ while 后常接过去进行时（持续动作），主句可用一般过去时或过去进行时
例：While my brother was playing games, I was doing my homework.

（弟弟玩游戏时，我在写作业。）

四、 核心用法

1. 描述过去某一时刻正在进行的动作
例：What were you doing at 3 p.m. yesterday?（昨天下午3点你在做什么？）

2. 描述过去某段时间内持续进行的动作
例：They were traveling in Beijing the whole last week.（上周整周他们都在北京旅游。）

3. 两个过去持续的动作同时进行（用 while 连接）
例：While my mother was cleaning the room, my father was repairing the bike.（妈妈打扫房间时，爸爸在修自行车。）

五、 八年级易错点辨析（重点！）

1. 混淆 was/were 的主语搭配 

 

误：He were running on the road. 

正：He was running on the road. 

主语是第三人称单数（he/she/it）时，只能用 was；复数主语或 you 用 were。

 
2. 动词现在分词变化错误 

 

误：She was write a letter. 

正：She was writing a letter. 

过去进行时中，动词必须变现在分词（do→doing, write→writing, run→running）。 

 

3. 与一般过去时混淆 

 

误：I watched TV when my father came back.

正： I was watching TV when my father came back. 

一般过去时强调动作已完成；过去进行时强调动作正在进行。爸爸回来时，“看电视”的动作正在发生，用过去进行时。 

4. while/when 用法混淆 

 

误：When my sister was singing, I dance. 

正：When my sister was singing, I danced. 

when 后可接短暂动作（一般过去时）或持续动作（过去进行时）；while 后只能接持续动作（过去进行时）。 

5. 忘记否定句的 was/were not 结构 

 

误：He not doing his homework at 8 last night. 

正：He wasn’t doing his homework at 8 last night. 

过去进行时的否定是在 was/were 后加 not，不能直接在动词前加 not。

六、 课堂小练习

 

一、用所给动词的适当形式填空

1. My sister __________ (draw) a picture at 7 o’clock yesterday evening.

2. What __________ they __________ (do) when the teacher came into the classroom?

3. He __________ (not play) basketball at that time. He was reading a book.

4. — __________ your mother __________ (cook) dinner at this time yesterday?
— Yes, she was.

5. While we __________ (have) a party, the lights went out suddenly.

二、单项选择

1. — What were you doing at 9 a.m. yesterday?
— I __________ an English class.
A. have  B. had  C. was having  D. am having