精品解析：广东省广州市海珠区广州市南武中学2025-2026学年高一上学期期末模拟考试英语试题

广州市南武中学2025—2026学年第一学期高一期末模拟考 英语试题 (考试时间：120分钟 满分130分) 注意事项： 1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息。 2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上。 第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A Volunteer tourism, which combines travel with community service, has grown in popularity among global travelers seeking meaningful experiences. The Telegraph recently featured three short-term volunteer programs focused on cultural heritage preservation, ideal for those wanting to contribute while exploring new destinations. Here are key details: Program Name Location Duration & Schedule Core Duties Program Fee (per person) Temple Restoration Project Luang Prabang, Laos 2 weeks (Mon-Fri: 8:30-11:30, 14:00-17:00) Assist with minor temple repairs; document ancient murals $650 Indigenous Craft Revival Oaxaca, Mexico 3 weeks (Tue-Sat: 9:00-16:00, breaks included) Teach basic digital skills; help record craft techniques $820 Oral History Collection Kyoto, Japan 1 week (Wed-Mon: 10:00-18:00, 1 day off) Translate interviews; organize traditional story archives $580 Additional Information: Accommodation: All programs include stays with local families (2-3 volunteers per household), providing cultural immersion. Inclusions: Program fees cover accommodation, daily meals, and local transportation during work hours. Flights and travel insurance are excluded. Requirements: No professional skills needed, but basic conversational English is required. A passion for cultural preservation is essential. Application Deadline: For 2025 summer programs, applications must be submitted by March 31, 2025. Successful applicants will be notified by April 15. This selection aims to highlight programs that prioritize “responsible engagement rather than one-sided assistance,” as noted by The Telegraph’s travel editor. Each project is co-designed with local communities to ensure long-term benefits. 1. How many hours does a volunteer work per week in the Temple Restoration Project? A. 20 hours. B. 25 hours. C. 30 hours. D. 35 hours. 2. What is a must for those applying for the volunteer programs? A. Fluent English for formal interviews. B. Previous volunteer experience in travel. C. Professional skills in cultural preservation. D. A strong interest in protecting cultural heritage. 3. What do the three programs have in common? A. They are located in Asian countries. B. Their core duty is to translate interviews. C. Their program fees include flights and insurance. D. They are developed in cooperation with local communities. B A year ago, Sushila Meena wouldn’t have even dreamt of playing with famous sports persons like Sachin Tendulkar. But sometimes dreams that come true are those you never knew you had. The 10-year-old cricketer (板球手) shot to fame when Tendulkar shared a video of her bowling (投球) action on social media, comparing her to bowler Zaheer Khan, who was the key player in India winning the 2011 ICC Cricket World Cup. But her story is much more than just an Instagram post. Sushila’s journey from a small village to national fame is a testament to her hard work. And it couldn’t have been possible without the support of her coach, Ishwarl Meena. Ishwarl Meena, a dedicated coach, began teaching cricket in June 2017 when the 2017 ICC Women’s World Cup was in full swing. He started training girls as a way to connect them with their school and to enable them to excel in women’s cricket — where competition is less fierce. “If they play cricket, they get connected to the school and come more often,” he explains. He recalls that Sushila joined his free training programme in the third grade. Initially, Sushila was focused on batting, like most other girls, but she soon took on bowling to broaden her skills. Under his guidance, Sushila has refined her technique, following the coach’s instruction that bowlers should spin (旋转) the ball. “Sushila’s bowling became good around 3 — 4 months ago. I remember last year I thought she wouldn’t be able to bowl, but now she has progressed remarkably,” he notes. Sushila comes from a humble background; her father works as a labourer while her mother is a housewife. In her village, due to poor local economic conditions, opportunities for youth are limited. Despite these challenges, Sushila remains committed to pursuing her passion for cricket. “I want to play for India one day,” she says with determination. Her dream is to break barriers and pave the way for other girls from rural areas to take up sports and become excellent. 4. What made Sushila famous nationwide? A. Her performance in a national competition. B. Her background from a poor small village. C. Her experience of defeating Zaheer Khan. D. Her cricket skill shown on social media. 5. What is the purpose of Coach Meena training girls in cricket? A. To focus on less competitive sports. B. To prepare for Women’s World Cup. C. To train the most talented students. D. To get girls more involved in school. 6. What do we know about Sushila’s bowling skills? A. She remains better at batting than bowling. B. She broke her barriers through practice. C. She made steady progress from last year. D. She showed talent at the very beginning. 7. Which words can best describe Sushila Meena? A. Determined and ambitious. B. Curious and courageous. C. Optimistic and intelligent. D. Humble and passionate. C Tell me about what you had for dinner last night. You could give perceptual (感知) descriptions of how your food looked and tasted. Or you could focus more on conceptual experiences, such as what that food made you think and feel. A new brain study found that telling the same story different ways activates different memory mechanisms in the listener’s brain. Signy Sheldon, a psychologist studying memory at McGill University, and her colleagues asked 35 participants to listen to two versions of the same restaurant story. In the first version, the narrator says, “Food was finally served. I remember the two-foot-long pepper mill (研磨器) the waiter used to season our dishes. My spaghetti noodles were circled around three meatballs on my plate. It looked really good.” In the second, he said, “I remember thinking to myself how delicious the spaghetti was. Looking back, I’m not sure if it was because I was starving.” When participants recalled the story that they heard with conceptual details in the scanner their brain hippocampi (海马区) activated along with parts of a brain network called the default mode network, or DMN, that is active when processing information about oneself, one’s emotions, and more. In contrast, when people recalled perception-heavy stories, the hippocampi activated along with brain networks outside of the DMN, including the left brain region. This area is known to be active when recalling memories that contain details from various senses. Though participants remembered both types of stories equally well in the short term, they tended to prefer the conceptual stories to the perceptual ones and were more confident in their recollections of them. Such preference may be especially true as people get older. Research shows that as people age, they shift away from vivid, event-specific sensory details and toward memories that grasp the main points of what happened, shaping how they remember what they were told. When we’re young, “Things are really novel. We’re going to pay attention to everything,” Sheldon says. “But as we get older, we use memories more for social connection, and we often are recalling and describing things that we are more familiar with.” 8. What is the difference between two versions of the same restaurant story? A. The tones of voice. B. The intensity of emotion. C. The variety of food. D. The types of description. 9. Which story makes DMN in the brain active? A. The air feels cool on my skin. B The teddy bear makes me comforted. C. The sunflower is dancing in the wind. D The coffee smells rich and tastes bitter. 10. What does the underlined word “them” refer to in the last paragraph? A. Conceptual stories. B. Research steps. C. Social preferences. D. Perceptual details. 11. Which of the following is the best title of the text? A. Stories sharpen your mind B. Storytelling methods count C. You are what you memorize D. Confidence deepens bonding D Fishing tools that are thrown away are a serious danger to ocean life. These “ghost nets” continue to catch and kill animals even after being thrown away by fishermen. They either float in the water or sit on the seabed, causing great harm to sea wildlife. The problem is highlighted by a single net found in Puget Sound in 2009. Within just six months, it had already caught over 450 salmon, 1,300 sharks, 1,800 birds, 16,900 crabs, and 11 seals. Scientists believe that 10 to 30 percent of all business fishing tools are lost or thrown away every year. This means countless nets remain in the ocean, killing sea animals nonstop. However, an important program called Fishing for Energy is working to deal with it. It brings together several organizations, including Covanta Energy Company and the National Fish and Wildlife Organization. Since 2008, they have successfully taken away nearly four million pounds of lost fishing tools from the ocean. Collecting lost fishing tools is a difficult task. It requires finding the tools underwater, pulling them up, and bringing them to coast. To make it easier, Fishing for Energy has set up collection sites at ports in nine states. They give free boxes where fishermen can put the recovered tools. The program also offers prizes to fishermen who take away fishing waste from the sea and provides them with free educational programs. Once collected, the tools are recycled to make power for locals. Any metal parts made of materials like gold, silver or iron are taken away, and the materials left are turned into energy at special factories. The program has grown rapidly. It started with one disposal site (垃圾处理场) in Massachusetts in 2008 and now has 55 sites across twelve states. Fishermen are developing new ways to find more tools, and local groups are giving money to workshops to find better solutions. Additionally, the program supports the development of new technology that makes fish-catching tools stop working after a certain period, as required by law. 12. What can we learn from the second paragraph? A. The ghost nets around Puget Sound caught 11 seals in total in 2009. B. A large number of sea animals die because of ghost nets every year. C. The problem caused by ghost nets is less serious than people imagine. D. The ghost nets have covered around 20% of business fishing nets so far. 13. What does the underlined word “recovered” in paragraph 4 most likely mean? A. Used. B. Collected. C. Repaired. D. bought. 14. What do we know about the “Fishing for Energy” program? A. It helps local people to get more power. B. It has 56 waste treatment places in total. C. It requires fishermen to buy the collection boxes. D. It provides fishermen with new fishing techniques. 15. Which of the following is the most suitable title for the passage? A. Ghost Nets: The Silent Killer for Sea Animals B. Fishing for Energy: A Project for Producing Power C. Ghost Nets: The Huge Treasure for Power Production D. Fishing for Energy: A Program for Saving Ocean Life 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 You don’t have to quit sugar, go vegan or run a marathon to see real change in your health and well-being. ____16____ Little actions, done consistently, are what create lasting change, says Wendy Wood, PhD, psychologist and author of Good Habits, Bad Habits. The secret? It’s not willpower. It’s not even goals. “The best way to turn a small change into a powerful habit is not to focus on your motivation, the reasons why you want to do it or your long-term goals,” she says. Wait? ____17____ Aren’t goals supposed to fuel us? “That is what everyone thinks. However, research has shown that making small alterations to the environment, the context in which you perform the behavior, is far more powerful. Goals aren’t bad; they certainly have a purpose, but ‘motivation’ only lasts for so long,” she says. “____18____” For example, do you think your goal of getting back into the same size jeans you wore in high school will inspire you to hit the gym every day? Nope. What will? “Choose a gym that’s close to your house, ideally less than 5 miles. ____19____” Wood says. “Even better if you are doing an activity you really enjoy or meeting a good friend there.” ____20____ Better sleep, stronger muscles, calmer moods and a sharper mind. To help you make this shift, we’ve rounded up the simplest, most science-backed micro-habits. They can transform your physical, emotional and mental health. No guilt, no overwhelm and no special requirement. A. Habits need to be easy and enjoyable to stick. B. Instead, science supports a “go small” approach. C. The small changes will benefit a lot when taking root. D. The powerful habit isn’t the key to gaining physical health. E Big lifestyle changes are necessary for health improvement. F. Isn’t motivation the whole point of New Year’s resolutions? G. That was the strongest predictor of gym attendance in our research. 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Brenda sat coloring as her mom watched ballet on TV. “Why do you like ____21____, Mom?” she asked. Her mom ____22____ how graceful it was. Brenda thought it would be more fun to see it ____23____, but her mom said they’d have to travel to a ____24____ city for that. Brenda started thinking about her mom’s birthday next week, ____25____ if she could draw a picture of a dancer for her. Maybe... or maybe her mom was ____26____. Maybe there were dancers in their little town. When her mom was busy cooking, Brenda picked up the ____27____ and started looking. “Private Dance for Adults” seemed like a great ____28____! Brenda went quietly upstairs and ____29____ called the number. The woman on the other end, Trudy, was friendly. Brenda wasn’t at all sure what she was supposed to say, but she really _____30_____. “How old are you?” Trudy asked. When Brenda said seven, Trudy explained that she had to be 18 to _____31_____ a home dance party, but promised to call back the next day. It had been _____32_____ to call, but the woman sounded so nice. And she said she would call back! It was Brenda’s first business call, but she felt quite _____33_____ with it. The next morning. Trudy _____34_____ Brenda’s mom, explaining what had happened. Brenda’s mom laughed, touched by the sweet _____35_____. That afternoon, Brenda started to draw what would turn out to be a very beautiful picture of a dancer. 21. A. painting B. dancing C. reading D. singing 22. A. debated B. added C. explained D. realized 23. A. live B. together C. often D. online 24. A. special B. beautiful C. busy D. big 25. A. wondering B. deciding C. doubting D. checking 26. A. wise B. wrong C. sad D. curious 27. A. storybook B. textbook C. notebook D. phonebook 28. A. place B. title C. choice D. course 29. A. nervously B. calmly C. proudly D. patiently 30. A. took her time B. did her best C. changed her mind D. kept her word 31. A. schedule B. direct C. design D. watch 32. A. necessary B. simple C. suitable D. difficult 33. A. bored B. satisfied C. confused D. disappointed 34. A. visited B. asked C. greeted D. called 35. A. memory B. style C. surprise D. task 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There are few wooden arch (拱形) bridges in China, most found in the seven mountainous counties in southern Zhejiang and northern Fujian. Besides carrying traffic, they also serve as social centers ___36___ people gather to chat, relax, or make religious offerings. Short, interlocking woods are used to create long arches without nails (钉子), a design that ___37___ (effective) spreads the pressure. Originally, the skills to make them were passed down within families, ___38___ through apprenticeship (学徒制). But since the 1960s, they ___39___ (replace) by modern materials, leading the builders who made them to turn to other ___40___ (job). By 2000, those able to build the bridges seemed to have disappeared. On Dec. 15 last year, Chinese wooden arch bridges were included in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, ___41___ (mark) its significant revival. In 2009, there were only four people with mastery of the key techniques, all over 75, compared with more than 40 now, aged 56 ___42___ average. Zhong Xiaobo, director of the Wenzhou Covered Bridge Culture Society, has contributed ___43___ (he) to protecting wooden arch bridges over two decades. “These structures are not only about transportation but also carriers of culture and ___44___ (evident) of history,” he says. “And it’s ___45___ shared duty for every individual to preserve them and promote their cultural significance.” 第三部分 写作(共三节，满分50分) 第一节 单词拼写(共10小题，满分10分) 根据汉语意思填写单词，每空只填一个单词。【用Welcome Unit～Unit 2(必修2)单词】 46. The basic ________ (词汇) of a language is those words that must be learnt. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 47. ______ (尽管) all our efforts, we still lost the game, which made us very disappointed. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 48. It took several seconds for his eyes to ____________(调节，适合) to the dark. 49. China has taken a positive _________ (态度) toward reducing carbon emissions, showing its sense of responsibility as a major country in the world. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 50. The building was now ________ (掩埋) under two meters of soil. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 51. The soldiers were sent to the earthquake-stricken area immediately to ________(拯救) people who were trapped in the ruins. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 52. Chinese surveyors are ________(前进) towards the peak of Mount Qomolangma to remeasure the height of the world’s highest peak. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 53. We really ________ (感谢) all the help you gave us last weekend. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 54. For students, preparing for Gaokao is a difficult but ______(值得的) challenge that will shape their future. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 55. As ________（日程安排), the winter vacation starts from January 20th this year. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 第二节 翻译句子(每题3分，共5小题，满分15分) 56. 我对一切都充满好奇。我经常问问题，但我在做中学习得最好。(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 57. 它可以追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期。(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 58. 通过积极看待自我和自己的身体，我变得更加快乐，也更加健康了。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 59. 新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。（汉译英） 60. 看着它们在绿草地上缓慢移动，我被它们的美丽所震撼。(汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________________ 应用文 (满分15分) 61. 上周末你参加了校学生会组织的“了解我们身边的非物质文化遗产(intangible cultural heritage) ”活动。请为校英文报写篇报道， 内容包括： 1.活动的过程； 2.收获与感想。 参考词汇：剪纸paper cutting 书法calligraphy 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Getting to Know the Intangible Cultural Heritage Around Us ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 广州市南武中学2025—2026学年第一学期高一期末模拟考 英语试题 (考试时间：120分钟 满分130分) 注意事项： 1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息。 2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上。 第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A Volunteer tourism, which combines travel with community service, has grown in popularity among global travelers seeking meaningful experiences. The Telegraph recently featured three short-term volunteer programs focused on cultural heritage preservation, ideal for those wanting to contribute while exploring new destinations. Here are key details: Program Name Location Duration & Schedule Core Duties Program Fee (per person) Temple Restoration Project Luang Prabang, Laos 2 weeks (Mon-Fri: 8:30-11:30, 14:00-17:00) Assist with minor temple repairs; document ancient murals $650 Indigenous Craft Revival Oaxaca, Mexico 3 weeks (Tue-Sat: 9:00-16:00, breaks included) Teach basic digital skills; help record craft techniques $820 Oral History Collection Kyoto, Japan 1 week (Wed-Mon: 10:00-18:00, 1 day off) Translate interviews; organize traditional story archives $580 Additional Information: Accommodation: All programs include stays with local families (2-3 volunteers per household), providing cultural immersion. Inclusions: Program fees cover accommodation, daily meals, and local transportation during work hours. Flights and travel insurance are excluded. Requirements: No professional skills needed, but basic conversational English is required. A passion for cultural preservation is essential. Application Deadline: For 2025 summer programs, applications must be submitted by March 31, 2025. Successful applicants will be notified by April 15. This selection aims to highlight programs that prioritize “responsible engagement rather than one-sided assistance,” as noted by The Telegraph’s travel editor. Each project is co-designed with local communities to ensure long-term benefits. 1. How many hours does a volunteer work per week in the Temple Restoration Project? A. 20 hours. B. 25 hours. C. 30 hours. D. 35 hours. 2. What is a must for those applying for the volunteer programs? A. Fluent English for formal interviews. B. Previous volunteer experience in travel. C. Professional skills in cultural preservation. D. A strong interest in protecting cultural heritage. 3. What do the three programs have in common? A. They are located in Asian countries. B. Their core duty is to translate interviews. C. Their program fees include flights and insurance. D. They are developed in cooperation with local communities. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文，介绍了《每日电讯报》推荐的三个聚焦文化遗产保护的短期志愿项目，涵盖项目的地点、时长、核心职责、费用等关键信息及附加说明。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Temple Restoration Project的Duration & Schedule部分“2 weeks (Mon-Fri: 8:30-11:30, 14:00-17:00)(2周，周一至周五：8:30-11:30，14:00-17:00)”，每天工作时长为（11:30-8:30）+（17:00-14:00）= 3 + 3 = 6小时，每周工作5天，每周工作时长为6×5 = 30小时。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Requirements部分“A passion for cultural preservation is essential.(对文化保护的热情是必不可少的)”可知，申请这些志愿项目必须对保护文化遗产有浓厚兴趣。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Each project is co-designed with local communities to ensure long-term benefits.(每个项目都是与当地社区共同设计的，以确保长期效益)”可知，这三个项目的共同点是与当地社区合作开发。故选D。 B A year ago, Sushila Meena wouldn’t have even dreamt of playing with famous sports persons like Sachin Tendulkar. But sometimes dreams that come true are those you never knew you had. The 10-year-old cricketer (板球手) shot to fame when Tendulkar shared a video of her bowling (投球) action on social media, comparing her to bowler Zaheer Khan, who was the key player in India winning the 2011 ICC Cricket World Cup. But her story is much more than just an Instagram post. Sushila’s journey from a small village to national fame is a testament to her hard work. And it couldn’t have been possible without the support of her coach, Ishwarl Meena. Ishwarl Meena, a dedicated coach, began teaching cricket in June 2017 when the 2017 ICC Women’s World Cup was in full swing. He started training girls as a way to connect them with their school and to enable them to excel in women’s cricket — where competition is less fierce. “If they play cricket, they get connected to the school and come more often,” he explains. He recalls that Sushila joined his free training programme in the third grade. Initially Sushila was focused on batting, like most other girls, but she soon took on bowling to broaden her skills. Under his guidance, Sushila has refined her technique, following the coach’s instruction that bowlers should spin (旋转) the ball. “Sushila’s bowling became good around 3 — 4 months ago. I remember last year I thought she wouldn’t be able to bowl, but now she has progressed remarkably,” he notes. Sushila comes from a humble background; her father works as a labourer while her mother is a housewife. In her village, due to poor local economic conditions, opportunities for youth are limited. Despite these challenges, Sushila remains committed to pursuing her passion for cricket. “I want to play for India one day,” she says with determination. Her dream is to break barriers and pave the way for other girls from rural areas to take up sports and become excellent. 4. What made Sushila famous nationwide? A. Her performance in a national competition. B. Her background from a poor small village. C. Her experience of defeating Zaheer Khan. D. Her cricket skill shown on social media. 5. What is the purpose of Coach Meena training girls in cricket? A. To focus on less competitive sports. B. To prepare for Women’s World Cup. C. To train the most talented students. D. To get girls more involved in school. 6. What do we know about Sushila’s bowling skills? A. She remains better at batting than bowling. B. She broke her barriers through practice. C. She made steady progress from last year. D. She showed talent at the very beginning. 7. Which words can best describe Sushila Meena? A. Determined and ambitious. B. Curious and courageous. C. Optimistic and intelligent. D. Humble and passionate. 【答案】4. D 5. D 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了10岁农村女孩苏希拉因名人在社交媒体分享其板球投球视频成名，在教练帮助下，她克服出身困境，从最初专注击球到投球技能稳步提升，立志为印度队效力，为农村女孩开辟体育道路。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The 10-year-old cricketer (板球手) shot to fame when Tendulkar shared a video of her bowling (投球) action on social media, comparing her to bowler Zaheer Khan, who was the key player in India winning the 2011 ICC Cricket World Cup.(这位10岁的板球运动员一举成名，原因在于滕杜卡尔在社交媒体上分享了她的投球动作视频，并将其与投球手扎赫尔·汗作了比较。扎赫尔·汗是印度队在2011年国际板球理事会世界杯中获胜的关键球员)”可知，核心成名原因是“社交媒体上展示的板球技能”。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“He started training girls as a way to connect them with their school and to enable them to excel in women’s cricket — where competition is less fierce. “If they play cricket, they get connected to the school and come more often,” he explains.(他开始对女生进行训练，目的是让她们与学校建立联系，并帮助她们在女子板球运动中取得优异成绩——因为女子板球的竞争相对不那么激烈。“如果她们参加板球比赛，就能与学校建立联系，也会更频繁地来学校了，”他解释道)”可知，核心目的是“让女孩更多参与学校生活”。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“He recalls that Sushila joined his free training programme in the third grade. Initially, Sushila was focused on batting, like most other girls, but she soon took on bowling to broaden her skills. Under his guidance, Sushila has refined her technique, following the coach’s instruction that bowlers should spin (旋转) the ball. “Sushila’s bowling became good around 3 — 4 months ago.(他回忆道，苏希拉在三年级时参加了他的免费训练项目。起初，苏希拉和其他大多数女孩一样，专注于击球，但很快她又开始练习投球，以拓展自己的技能。在他的指导下，苏希拉逐渐完善了自己的技术，遵循教练的指导，即投球手应该让球旋转。大约3到4个月前，苏希拉的投球技术变得相当出色了)”可知，苏希拉从去年开始稳步进步。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Despite these challenges, Sushila remains committed to pursuing her passion for cricket.(尽管面临这些挑战，苏希拉仍然坚定地追求自己对板球的热爱)”以及““I want to play for India one day,” she says with determination. Her dream is to break barriers and pave the way for other girls from rural areas to take up sports and become excellent.(“我有一天想要为印度队效力，”她坚定地说道。她的梦想是打破障碍，为来自农村地区的其他女孩开辟一条投身体育运动并成为优秀运动员的道路)”可知，苏希拉·梅纳坚定且有抱负。故选A。 C Tell me about what you had for dinner last night. You could give perceptual (感知的) descriptions of how your food looked and tasted. Or you could focus more on conceptual experiences, such as what that food made you think and feel. A new brain study found that telling the same story different ways activates different memory mechanisms in the listener’s brain. Signy Sheldon, a psychologist studying memory at McGill University, and her colleagues asked 35 participants to listen to two versions of the same restaurant story. In the first version, the narrator says, “Food was finally served. I remember the two-foot-long pepper mill (研磨器) the waiter used to season our dishes. My spaghetti noodles were circled around three meatballs on my plate. It looked really good.” In the second, he said, “I remember thinking to myself how delicious the spaghetti was. Looking back, I’m not sure if it was because I was starving.” When participants recalled the story that they heard with conceptual details in the scanner, their brain hippocampi (海马区) activated along with parts of a brain network called the default mode network, or DMN, that is active when processing information about oneself, one’s emotions, and more. In contrast, when people recalled perception-heavy stories, the hippocampi activated along with brain networks outside of the DMN, including the left brain region. This area is known to be active when recalling memories that contain details from various senses. Though participants remembered both types of stories equally well in the short term, they tended to prefer the conceptual stories to the perceptual ones and were more confident in their recollections of them. Such preference may be especially true as people get older. Research shows that as people age, they shift away from vivid, event-specific sensory details and toward memories that grasp the main points of what happened, shaping how they remember what they were told. When we’re young, “Things are really novel. We’re going to pay attention to everything,” Sheldon says. “But as we get older, we use memories more for social connection, and we often are recalling and describing things that we are more familiar with.” 8. What is the difference between two versions of the same restaurant story? A. The tones of voice. B. The intensity of emotion. C. The variety of food. D. The types of description. 9. Which story makes DMN in the brain active? A. The air feels cool on my skin. B. The teddy bear makes me comforted. C. The sunflower is dancing in the wind. D. The coffee smells rich and tastes bitter. 10. What does the underlined word “them” refer to in the last paragraph? A. Conceptual stories. B. Research steps. C. Social preferences. D. Perceptual details. 11. Which of the following is the best title of the text? A. Stories sharpen your mind B. Storytelling methods count C. You are what you memorize D. Confidence deepens bonding 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项大脑研究发现：用感知细节或概念体验两种不同方式讲述同一故事，会激活听者大脑中不同的记忆机制，且人们（尤其年长者）更偏爱并信任概念性故事。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“You could give perceptual (感知的)descriptions of how your food looked and tasted. Or you could focus more on conceptual experiences, such as what that food made you think and feel.(你可以用感知层面的描述，说说食物的样子和味道；也可以更侧重概念层面的体验，比如这顿饭让你产生了什么想法、感受到了什么。)”以及第二段对两个故事版本的具体呈现“In the first version, the narrator says, “Food was finally served. I remember the two-foot-long pepper mill (研磨器)the waiter used to season our dishes. My spaghetti noodles were circled around three meatballs on my plate. It looked really good.” In the second, he said, “I remember thinking to myself how delicious the spaghetti was. Looking back, I’m not sure if it was because I was starving.”(第一个版本中，讲述者说：“食物终于上桌了。我记得服务员用来给菜肴调味的那台两英尺长的胡椒研磨器。我的意大利面条绕着三颗肉丸摆放在盘子里。”第二个版本中，他则说道：“我记得当时心里在想，这意大利面太美味了。现在回想起来，我不确定是不是因为当时我太饿了。”)”可知，第一个版本侧重食物的视觉细节，属于感知层面描述；第二个版本侧重内心想法与感受，属于概念层面描述。两者的核心差异在于描述类型不同。故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“When participants recalled the story that they heard with conceptual details in the scanner, their brain hippocampi (海马区) activated along with parts of a brain network called the default mode network, or DMN, that is active when processing information about oneself, one’s emotions, and more.(当参与者在脑部扫描仪中回忆包含概念性细节的故事时，他们的大脑海马区会与一个名为“默认模式网络（DMN）”的脑网络部分一同激活——该网络在处理与自身相关的信息、情绪等内容时会处于活跃状态。)”可知，包含概念性细节（如与自身相关的想法、情绪等）的故事，会激活大脑中的默认模式网络。选项B“The teddy bear makes me comforted.(泰迪熊让我感到安慰)”体现了自身的情绪体验，即感到安慰，符合处理与自身相关的情绪信息的DMN激活条件，属于概念性描述。故选B。 【10题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在语境“Though participants remembered both types of stories equally well in the short term, they tended to prefer the conceptual stories to the perceptual ones and were more confident in their recollections of them.(尽管参与者在短期内对两种类型故事的记忆效果相当，但他们往往更偏爱概念性故事，对它们的回忆也更有信心。)”可知，上文说参与者短期内对两种故事的记忆效果相当，但更偏爱概念性故事，且对“它们”的回忆更有信心。结合“prefer the conceptual stories to the perceptual ones(偏爱概念性故事而非感知性故事)”的对比关系，可推测，“them”指代前文强调的“conceptual stories(概念性故事)”。故选A。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“A new brain study found that telling the same story different ways activates different memory mechanisms in the listener’s brain.(一项新的大脑研究发现，用不同方式讲述同一个故事，会激活听者大脑中不同的记忆机制。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了用感知细节或概念体验两种不同方式讲述同一故事，会激活听者大脑中不同的记忆机制，且人们对两种故事的偏好和记忆信心存在差异。选项B“Storytelling methods count(讲故事的方式很重要)”精准概括全文主旨。故选B。 D Fishing tools that are thrown away are a serious danger to ocean life. These “ghost nets” continue to catch and kill animals even after being thrown away by fishermen. They either float in the water or sit on the seabed, causing great harm to sea wildlife. The problem is highlighted by a single net found in Puget Sound in 2009. Within just six months, it had already caught over 450 salmon, 1,300 sharks, 1,800 birds, 16,900 crabs, and 11 seals. Scientists believe that 10 to 30 percent of all business fishing tools are lost or thrown away every year. This means countless nets remain in the ocean, killing sea animals nonstop. However, an important program called Fishing for Energy is working to deal with it. It brings together several organizations, including Covanta Energy Company and the National Fish and Wildlife Organization. Since 2008, they have successfully taken away nearly four million pounds of lost fishing tools from the ocean. Collecting lost fishing tools is a difficult task. It requires finding the tools underwater, pulling them up, and bringing them to coast. To make it easier, Fishing for Energy has set up collection sites at ports in nine states. They give free boxes where fishermen can put the recovered tools. The program also offers prizes to fishermen who take away fishing waste from the sea and provides them with free educational programs. Once collected, the tools are recycled to make power for locals. Any metal parts made of materials like gold, silver or iron are taken away, and the materials left are turned into energy at special factories. The program has grown rapidly. It started with one disposal site (垃圾处理场) in Massachusetts in 2008 and now has 55 sites across twelve states. Fishermen are developing new ways to find more tools, and local groups are giving money to workshops to find better solutions. Additionally, the program supports the development of new technology that makes fish-catching tools stop working after a certain period, as required by law. 12. What can we learn from the second paragraph? A. The ghost nets around Puget Sound caught 11 seals in total in 2009. B. A large number of sea animals die because of ghost nets every year. C. The problem caused by ghost nets is less serious than people imagine. D. The ghost nets have covered around 20% of business fishing nets so far. 13. What does the underlined word “recovered” in paragraph 4 most likely mean? A. Used. B. Collected. C. Repaired. D. bought. 14. What do we know about the “Fishing for Energy” program? A. It helps local people to get more power. B. It has 56 waste treatment places in total. C. It requires fishermen to buy the collection boxes. D. It provides fishermen with new fishing techniques. 15. Which of the following is the most suitable title for the passage? A Ghost Nets: The Silent Killer for Sea Animals B. Fishing for Energy: A Project for Producing Power C. Ghost Nets: The Huge Treasure for Power Production D. Fishing for Energy: A Program for Saving Ocean Life 【答案】12. B 13. B 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了被丢弃的渔具“幽灵网”对海洋生物造成的严重危害，以及Fishing for Energy这一项目为解决这一问题所采取的措施和取得的成果。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Scientists believe that 10 to 30 percent of all business fishing tools are lost or thrown away every year. This means countless nets remain in the ocean, killing sea animals nonstop. (科学家认为，每年有10%到30%的商业渔具丢失或被丢弃。这意味着无数的渔网留在海洋中，不停地杀死海洋动物)”可知，每年都有大量的海洋动物因为幽灵网而死亡。故选B项。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段“To make it easier, Fishing for Energy has set up collection sites at ports in nine states. They give free boxes where fishermen can put the recovered tools. (为了方便起见，Fishing for Energy在九个州的港口设立了收集点。他们提供免费的箱子，渔民可以把回收的工具放在里面)”可知，渔民可以把收集到的渔具放在免费提供的箱子里，所以“recovered”意思是“收集到的”，与“collected”意思相近。故选B项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Once collected, the tools are recycled to make power for locals. (一旦收集起来，这些工具就会被回收利用，为当地人提供电力)”可知，Fishing for Energy项目帮助当地人获得更多的电力。故选A项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了被丢弃的渔具“幽灵网”对海洋生物造成的严重危害，以及Fishing for Energy这一项目为解决这一问题所采取的措施和取得的成果，所以“Fishing for Energy: A Program for Saving Ocean Life(Fishing for Energy：一个拯救海洋生命的项目)”适合作本文标题。故选D项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 You don’t have to quit sugar, go vegan or run a marathon to see real change in your health and well-being. ____16____ Little actions, done consistently, are what create lasting change, says Wendy Wood, PhD, psychologist and author of Good Habits, Bad Habits. The secret? It’s not willpower. It’s not even goals. “The best way to turn a small change into a powerful habit is not to focus on your motivation, the reasons why you want to do it or your long-term goals,” she says. Wait? ____17____ Aren’t goals supposed to fuel us? “That is what everyone thinks. However, research has shown that making small alterations to the environment, the context in which you perform the behavior, is far more powerful. Goals aren’t bad; they certainly have a purpose, but ‘motivation’ only lasts for so long,” she says. “____18____” For example, do you think your goal of getting back into the same size jeans you wore in high school will inspire you to hit the gym every day? Nope. What will? “Choose a gym that’s close to your house, ideally less than 5 miles. ____19____” Wood says. “Even better if you are doing an activity you really enjoy or meeting a good friend there.” ____20____ Better sleep, stronger muscles, calmer moods and a sharper mind. To help you make this shift, we’ve rounded up the simplest, most science-backed micro-habits. They can transform your physical, emotional and mental health. No guilt, no overwhelm and no special requirement. A. Habits need to be easy and enjoyable to stick. B. Instead, science supports a “go small” approach. C. The small changes will benefit a lot when taking root. D. The powerful habit isn’t the key to gaining physical health. E. Big lifestyle changes are necessary for health improvement. F. Isn’t motivation the whole point of New Year’s resolutions? G. That was the strongest predictor of gym attendance in our research. 【答案】16. B 17. F 18. A 19. G 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文指出健康改善无需大改生活方式，科学支持“从小处着手”，强调环境调整比动力、目标更易养成习惯，小习惯持续践行可带来多方面健康益处。 【16题详解】 由上文“You don’t have to quit sugar, go vegan or run a marathon to see real change in your health and well-being.(你不必戒掉糖、成为纯素食者或跑马拉松，就能看到健康和幸福感的真正改变。)”和下文“Little actions, done consistently, are what create lasting change,(持续做一些小事，才能带来持久的改变，)”可知，空格处需过渡到“从小处着手”的核心观点。B项 “Instead, science supports a “go small” approach.(相反，科学支持“从小处着手”的方法。)” 符合语境，“Instead”承接上文“不必做大事”，““go small” approach”呼应下文“Little actions”，承上启下。故选B项。 【17题详解】 由上文“The best way to turn a small change into a powerful habit is not to focus on your motivation, the reasons why you want to do it or your long-term goals,(将微小改变转化为强效习惯的最佳方式，并非聚焦于你的动力、想要行动的缘由，或是长远目标。)”和下文“Aren’t goals supposed to fuel us?(目标不应该激励我们吗？)”可知，空格处需延续“质疑动力的作用”的反问逻辑。F项“Isn’t motivation the whole point of New Year’s resolutions?(动力不就是新年决心的核心吗？)”符合语境，以反问句式呼应下文“Aren’t goals...”，同时紧扣上文 “not to focus on your motivation”，强化对“动力重要性”的质疑，逻辑连贯。故选F项。 【18题详解】 由上文“However, research has shown that making small alterations to the environment, the context in which you perform the behavior, is far more powerful. Goals aren’t bad; they certainly have a purpose, but ‘motivation’ only lasts for so long,(然而研究表明，对环境（即你实施该行为的背景场景）做出微小调整，效果要显著得多。目标并非无用——它们当然有其意义，但“动力”的持续时间终究有限。)” 可知，空格处需总结“习惯养成的关键要素”。A项“Habits need to be easy and enjoyable to stick.(习惯需要简单且令人愉悦才能坚持下去。)”符合语境，承接上文“环境改变比动力更有效”，暗示“简单愉悦”的环境能让习惯易坚持，为下文健身房案例做铺垫，衔接自然。故选A项。 【19题详解】 由上文“Choose a gym that’s close to your house, ideally less than 5 miles.(选择一家离家近的健身房，最好不超过5英里。)”和下文“Even better if you are doing an activity you really enjoy or meeting a good friend there.(如果你在那里做自己真正喜欢的运动或见好朋友，那就更好了。)”可知，空格处需说明“离家近”对坚持健身的作用。G项“That was the strongest predictor of gym attendance in our research.(这是我们研究中预测健身出勤率最强的因素。)”符合语境，“That”指代上文“健身房离家近”，“strongest predictor of gym attendance”解释了该做法的科学性，衔接上文建议与下文进一步优化建议，逻辑清晰。故选G项。 【20题详解】 由下文“Better sleep, stronger muscles, calmer moods and a sharper mind.(更好的睡眠、更强壮的肌肉、更平静的情绪和更敏锐的思维。)”可知，空格处需总述“小改变的巨大益处”。C 项“The small changes will benefit a lot when taking root.(当小改变扎根时，将会带来巨大益处。)”符合语境，“benefit a lot”呼应下文具体的健康益处，“small changes”衔接全文核心观点，作为本段主题句总起下文，衔接紧密。故选C项。 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Brenda sat coloring as her mom watched ballet on TV. “Why do you like ____21____, Mom?” she asked. Her mom ____22____ how graceful it was. Brenda thought it would be more fun to see it ____23____, but her mom said they’d have to travel to a ____24____ city for that. Brenda started thinking about her mom’s birthday next week, ____25____ if she could draw a picture of a dancer for her. Maybe... or maybe her mom was ____26____. Maybe there were dancers in their little town. When her mom was busy cooking, Brenda picked up the ____27____ and started looking. “Private Dance for Adults” seemed like a great ____28____! Brenda went quietly upstairs and ____29____ called the number. The woman on the other end, Trudy, was friendly. Brenda wasn’t at all sure what she was supposed to say, but she really _____30_____. “How old are you?” Trudy asked. When Brenda said seven, Trudy explained that she had to be 18 to _____31_____ a home dance party, but promised to call back the next day. It had been _____32_____ to call, but the woman sounded so nice. And she said she would call back! It was Brenda’s first business call, but she felt quite _____33_____ with it. The next morning. Trudy _____34_____ Brenda’s mom, explaining what had happened. Brenda’s mom laughed, touched by the sweet _____35_____. That afternoon, Brenda started to draw what would turn out to be a very beautiful picture of a dancer. 21. A. painting B. dancing C. reading D. singing 22. A. debated B. added C. explained D. realized 23. A. live B. together C. often D. online 24. A. special B. beautiful C. busy D. big 25. A. wondering B. deciding C. doubting D. checking 26. A. wise B. wrong C. sad D. curious 27. A. storybook B. textbook C. notebook D. phonebook 28. A. place B. title C. choice D. course 29. A. nervously B. calmly C. proudly D. patiently 30. A. took her time B. did her best C. changed her mind D. kept her word 31. A. schedule B. direct C. design D. watch 32. A. necessary B. simple C. suitable D. difficult 33. A. bored B. satisfied C. confused D. disappointed 34. A. visited B. asked C. greeted D. called 35. A. memory B. style C. surprise D. task 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Brenda为了给妈妈一个生日惊喜，尝试联系舞蹈团为妈妈举办家庭舞蹈派对，并最终决定为妈妈画一幅舞者画像的故事。 21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“妈妈，你为什么喜欢跳舞呀？”她问道。A. painting绘画；B. dancing跳舞；C. reading阅读；D. singing唱歌。根据上文“Brenda sat coloring as her mom watched ballet on TV.”可知，Brenda询问妈妈为什么喜欢跳舞。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈向她解释说舞蹈是多么优雅。A. debated辩论；B. added增加；C. explained解释；D. realized意识到。根据上文“she asked”可知，Brenda询问妈妈为什么喜欢跳舞；而空后“how graceful it was”则是Brenda的妈妈向她解释自己喜欢舞蹈是因为舞蹈优雅。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Brenda觉得现场观看芭蕾舞会更有趣，但妈妈说她们得去大城市才能看到。A. live现场地；B. together一起；C. often经常；D. online在线，在网上。根据下文“but her mom said they’d have to travel to a ____4____ city for that.”可推测，Brenda认为现场观看芭蕾舞会更有趣。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Brenda觉得现场观看芭蕾舞会更有趣，但妈妈说她们得去大城市才能看到。A. special特别的；B. beautiful美丽的；C. busy忙碌的；D. big大的。根据上文“but her mom said they’d have to travel to a ____4____ city for that.”以及下文“Maybe... or maybe her mom was ___6___ Maybe there were dancers in their little town.”可知，Brenda认为现场观看芭蕾舞会很有趣；而她的妈妈则认为小镇上并没有舞者，得去大城市才能看到。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Brenda开始琢磨下周妈妈的生日，想着是否能给妈妈画一幅舞者的画。A. wondering想知道，琢磨；B. deciding决定；C. doubting怀疑；D. checking检查。根据上文“Brenda started thinking about her mom’s birthday next week”可知，下周就是Brenda妈妈的生日，由此可知，她在琢磨自己能不能给妈妈画一幅舞者的画。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也许…… 又或许妈妈说得不对。A. wise明智的；B. wrong错误的；C. sad悲伤的；D. curious好奇的。根据下文“Maybe there were dancers in their little town.”可知，Brenda觉得妈妈的话或许是错误的，也许在小镇也有舞者。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：趁妈妈忙着做饭的时候，Brenda拿起电话簿开始查找。A. storybook故事书；B. textbook教科书；C. notebook笔记本；D. phonebook电话簿。根据下文“Brenda went quietly upstairs and ____9____ called the number.”可知，Brenda是拿起电话簿在看。故选D。 28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“成人私人舞蹈表演”似乎是个不错的选择！A. place地方；B. title标题；C. choice选择；D. course课程。根据上文“Maybe there were dancers in their little town.”内容可知，Brenda在想也许镇上有舞者，想要找到舞者的电话。由此可知，当她看到“成人私人舞蹈表演”时，会觉得这是个不错的选择。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Brenda悄悄地走上楼，紧张地拨通了那个号码。A. nervously紧张地；B. calmly平静地；C. proudly自豪地；D. patiently耐心地。根据下文内容“When Brenda said seven”可知，Brenda此时只有7岁；再根据下文“It was Brenda’s first business call”可知，这是Brenda第一次打商务电话。由此可知，她有点紧张。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：Brenda压根儿不确定自己该说些什么，但她真的尽力了。A. took her time从容不迫；B. did her best尽最大努力；C. changed her mind改变主意；D. kept her word守信，遵守诺言。根据上文“Brenda wasn’t at all sure what she was supposed to say”可知，Brenda年龄太小，不知道该说什么，但是已经尽力表达了自己的想法。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Brenda说自己七岁时，Trudy解释说要安排家庭舞蹈派对，年龄得在18岁以上，但她承诺第二天会再打电话过来。A. schedule安排；B. direct指导；C. design设计；D. watch观看。根据上文可知，Brenda只有7岁；再根据空前的“18”以及空后的“a home dance party”可推测，Trudy解释说18岁以上的人才能安排家庭舞蹈派对。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：打电话可真不容易，但那个女人听起来特别和善。A. necessary必要的；B. simple简单的；C. suitable合适的；D. difficult困难的。根据上文Brenda的紧张，以及“Brenda wasn’t at all sure what she was supposed to say”可知，对于Brenda来说打这个电话很不容易。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是Brenda第一次打商务电话，她对自己的表现还挺满意的。A. bored无聊的；B. satisfied满意的；C. confused困惑的；D. disappointed失望的。根据上文“It was Brenda’s first business call”以及空前的“but”可推测，尽管这是Brenda第一次打商务电话，她对自己的表现还是满意的。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天上午，Trudy给Brenda的妈妈打了电话，说明了事情的经过。A. visited拜访；B. asked询问；C. greeted问候；D. called打电话。根据上文“When Brenda said seven, Trudy explained that she had to be 18 to ____11____ a home dance party, but promised to call back the next day.”以及下文“explaining what had happened.”可知，Trudy遵守承诺，给Brenda的妈妈打了电话。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Brenda的妈妈听了哈哈大笑，被这个贴心的惊喜所打动。A. memory记忆；B. style风格；C. surprise惊讶、惊喜；D. task任务。根据上文“The next morning. Trudy _______ Brenda’s mom, explaining what had happened.”可知，Brenda的妈妈一点都不知道Brenda瞒着自己给Trudy打电话，想给自己预定个舞蹈作为生日的惊喜，此处指妈妈被这个惊喜所感动。故选C。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There are few wooden arch (拱形) bridges in China, most found in the seven mountainous counties in southern Zhejiang and northern Fujian. Besides carrying traffic, they also serve as social centers ___36___ people gather to chat, relax, or make religious offerings. Short, interlocking woods are used to create long arches without nails (钉子), a design that ___37___ (effective) spreads the pressure. Originally, the skills to make them were passed down within families, ___38___ through apprenticeship (学徒制). But since the 1960s, they ___39___ (replace) by modern materials, leading the builders who made them to turn to other ___40___ (job). By 2000, those able to build the bridges seemed to have disappeared. On Dec. 15 last year, Chinese wooden arch bridges were included in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, ___41___ (mark) its significant revival. In 2009, there were only four people with mastery of the key techniques, all over 75, compared with more than 40 now, aged 56 ___42___ average. Zhong Xiaobo, director of the Wenzhou Covered Bridge Culture Society, has contributed ___43___ (he) to protecting wooden arch bridges over two decades. “These structures are not only about transportation but also carriers of culture and ___44___ (evident) of history,” he says. “And it’s ___45___ shared duty for every individual to preserve them and promote their cultural significance.” 【答案】36. where 37. effectively 38. or 39. have been replaced 40. jobs 41. marking 42. on 43. himself 44. evidence 45. a 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国木拱桥的分布、设计特点、传承历史、近代被现代材料替代的变迁，以及作为非物质文化遗产的复兴和保护重要性，强调其文化价值。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：除了承载交通，它们还充当社交中心，人们聚集在那里聊天、放松或进行宗教祭祀。这里考查定语从句，先行词为social centers，表地点，在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【37题详解】 考查副词。句意：短而互锁的木材被用来建造没有钉子的长拱门，这种设计能有效分散压力。修饰动词spreads用副词effectively，表“有效地”，符合语境。故填effectively。 【38题详解】 考查连词。句意：最初，制作它们的技艺在家族内部传承，或通过学徒制传授。分析句子结构可知，“within families”和“through apprenticeship”为选择关系，用连词or连接。故填or。 【39题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：但自20世纪60年代以来，它们已被现代材料取代，导致建造者转向其他工作。此空考查谓语动词，由since the 1960s可知，句子应用现在完成时；they与replace为被动关系，用被动语态；主语they为复数。故填have been replaced。 【40题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：但自20世纪60年代以来，它们已被现代材料取代，导致建造者转向其他工作。job为可数名词，由other及语境可知，用复数形式 jobs。故填jobs。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：去年12月15日，中国木拱桥被列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录，标志着其显著复兴。此空考查非谓语，“中国木拱桥被列入名录”与mark为主动关系，再由语境可知，这里应用现在分词作结果状语。故填marking。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：2009年，只有4人掌握关键技术，都超过75岁，而现在有40多人，平均56岁。这里考查on average，为固定搭配，意为“平均”。故填on。 【43题详解】 考查反身代词。句意：温州廊桥文化协会理事长钟小波二十多年来致力于保护木拱桥。这里考查contribute oneself to...，为固定搭配，意为“致力于……”。故填himself。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：他说：“这些建筑不仅关乎交通，还是文化的载体和历史的见证。” 由“carriers of culture and”可知，空处需填名词，与carriers并列；evidence，表“证据，见证”，为不可数名词。故填evidence。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：保护它们并提升其文化意义是每个人的共同责任。duty为可数名词，此处表泛指“一项共同责任”，应用不定冠词，且shared以辅音音素开头。故填a。 第三部分 写作(共三节，满分50分) 第一节 单词拼写(共10小题，满分10分) 根据汉语意思填写单词，每空只填一个单词。【用Welcome Unit～Unit 2(必修2)单词】 46. The basic ________ (词汇) of a language is those words that must be learnt. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】vocabulary 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：一门语言的基本词汇就是那些必须学习的词汇。分析句子可知，句中谓语使用了单数形式，由此判断，主语也为单数，根据中文提示可知，空处可使用名词vocabulary。故填vocabulary。 47. ______ (尽管) all our efforts, we still lost the game, which made us very disappointed. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】Despite 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管我们尽了全力，我们还是输了比赛，这让我们非常失望。用介词despite (尽管)表让步，首字母大写。故填Despite。 48. It took several seconds for his eyes to ____________(调节，适合) to the dark. 【答案】adjust##adapt 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：他的眼睛过了几秒钟才适应黑暗。不定式结构中，to之后用动词原形，结合汉语提示及后面的介词to可知，此处应用adjust或adapt，表示“适应黑暗”。故填adjust或adapt。 49. China has taken a positive _________ (态度) toward reducing carbon emissions, showing its sense of responsibility as a major country in the world. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】attitude 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：中国在减少碳排放方面采取了积极的态度，展现了其作为世界大国的责任感。此处为名词作宾语，根据汉语提示，表示“态度”为名词attitude，空前有不定冠词a，所以此处使用名词单数形式。故填attitude。 50. The building was now ________ (掩埋) under two meters of soil. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】buried 【解析】 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：这座建筑物现在被掩埋在两米深的泥土下。根据汉语提示，此处表示“掩埋”，应为动词bury，与主语之间为被动关系，所以此处为bury的过去分词形式，与前面的“was”构成一般过去时的被动语态，其过去分词形式为buried。故填buried。 51. The soldiers were sent to the earthquake-stricken area immediately to ________(拯救) people who were trapped in the ruins. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】rescue 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：士兵们立即被派往地震灾区营救被困在废墟中的人们。根据汉语提示“拯救”，结合句子结构，前有不定式to，后接动词原形，rescue拯救，符合题意。故填rescue。 52. Chinese surveyors are ________(前进) towards the peak of Mount Qomolangma to remeasure the height of the world’s highest peak. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】marching 【解析】 【详解】考查现在进行时。句意：中国测量师正朝着珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰前进，重新测量世界最高峰的高度。根据汉语提示可知，此处用动词march，结合空前are，所以此处用现在分词marching构成现在进行时。故填marching。 53. We really ________ (感谢) all the help you gave us last weekend. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】appreciate 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我们非常感谢你上周末给我们的所有帮助。主语后用谓语动词，表示现在是事情用一般现在时。根据汉语提示“感激”可知，是appreciate。故填appreciate。 54. For students, preparing for Gaokao is a difficult but ______(值得的) challenge that will shape their future. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】worthwhile##rewarding 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：对于学生来说，准备高考是一个困难但值得挑战，它将决定他们的未来。设空处使用形容词作定语，修饰名词challenge。根据句意和汉语提示，表示“值得的”用worthwhile/rewarding。故答案为worthwhile/rewarding。 55. As ________（日程安排), the winter vacation starts from January 20th this year. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】scheduled 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：按日程安排，今年的寒假从1月20日开始 。as引导状语从句，当从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句谓语部分有be动词时，可省略状语从句的主语和be动词。the winter vacation和schedule之间是被动关系。因此该从句补充完整为：As it is scheduled。根据上述的省略原则，可将it is省略，剩下scheduled。故填scheduled。 第二节 翻译句子(每题3分，共5小题，满分15分) 56. 我对一切都充满好奇。我经常问问题，但我在做中学习得最好。(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I am curious about everything. I often ask questions, but I learn best by doing. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语和时态。“对……充满好奇”用短语be curious about；“一切”用不定代词everything；“经常”用副词often；“问问题”翻译为ask questions；“但”用转折连词but；“在做中学习得最好”翻译为learn best by doing；陈述现在事实，用一般现在时。故翻译为I am curious about everything. I often ask questions, but I learn best by doing. 57. 它可以追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期。(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It can date back several thousand years to the use of longgu. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词、名词和固定短语。分析句子可知，这里时态应用一般现在时表客观事实。表示“它”应用It，作句子主语；表示“可以追溯到”应用can date back to；表示“数千年前”应用several thousand years，为时间状语；表示“使用龙骨的时期”应用the use of longgu，作介词to后面宾语。故翻译为It can date back several thousand years to the use of longgu. 58. 通过积极看待自我和自己的身体，我变得更加快乐，也更加健康了。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】By taking a positive view of myself and my body, I am happier and healthier. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语、形容词和名词。句子可看作是描述当前的情况，时态宜用一般现在时；“通过”可用介词by，“积极看待”可用动词短语take a positive view of，“自我和自己的身体”可用名词短语myself and my body，take作by的宾语，需用动名词形式；主语“我”用代词I，“变得更加快乐，也更加健康了”可用am和形容词比较级happier and healthier构成系表结构。故可译为：By taking a positive view of myself and my body, I am happier and healthier. 59. 新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。（汉译英） 【答案】There comes a time when the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型和定语从句。此处为and连接的并列句，第一句中表示“新旧更替的时代已经到来”翻译为there comes a time when the old must give way to the new；表示“不可能做某事”句型为it is not possible to do sth.；表示“将过去的一切都保存下来”翻译为preserve everything from our past；as引导时间状语从句，表示“在走向未来的过程中”翻译为as we move towards the future。句子用一般现在时。故翻译为There comes a time when the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future. 60. 看着它们在绿草地上缓慢移动，我被它们的美丽所震撼。(汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Seeing them moving slowly on the green grass, I was deeply shocked by their beauty. 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语、固定短语、时态。表示“我”用I，作主语；表示“被……所震撼”用固定短语be shocked by，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，主语是I，be动词用was；表示“深深地”用deeply，修饰was shocked，作状语；表示“它们的美丽”用their beauty，作by的宾语。表示“看着”用see，主语I和see之间是主动关系，用现在分词seeing作状语，句首单词，首字母大写；表示“它们”用them，作see的宾语；表示“缓慢移动”用move slowly，see sb. doing sth.“看到某人正在做某事”，用现在分词moving作宾语补足语；表示“在绿草地上”用on the green grass。故翻译为Seeing them moving slowly on the green grass, I was deeply shocked by their beauty. 应用文 (满分15分) 61. 上周末你参加了校学生会组织的“了解我们身边的非物质文化遗产(intangible cultural heritage) ”活动。请为校英文报写篇报道， 内容包括： 1.活动的过程； 2.收获与感想。 参考词汇：剪纸paper cutting 书法calligraphy 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Getting to Know the Intangible Cultural Heritage Around Us ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Getting to Know the Intangible Cultural Heritage Around Us Last weekend, our Student Union organized a wonderful activity to explore intangible cultural heritage. First, a local craftsman introduced the history of paper cutting and calligraphy. Then, we tried creating simple paper-cut works under his guidance. In the calligraphy session, volunteers taught us basic brush-holding skills and writing strokes, making us realize the charm of each character. This activity was a wonderful journey into traditional culture. Not only did I learn practical skills, but I also deeply felt the wisdom of our ancestors. It’s our duty to protect and pass down these precious intangible heritages. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为校英文报写一篇报道，报道校学生会组织的“了解我们身边的非物质文化遗产”活动。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 精彩的；极好的：wonderful → excellent/brilliant 指导：guidance → direction 魅力：charm → fascination 宝贵的：precious → valuable 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In the calligraphy session, volunteers taught us basic brush-holding skills and writing strokes, making us realize the charm of each character. 拓展句：In the calligraphy session, volunteers taught us basic brush-holding skills and writing strokes, which made us realize the charm of each character. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Not only did I learn practical skills, but I also deeply felt the wisdom of our ancestors.（运用了not only位于句首引出的部分倒装） 【高分句型2】It’s our duty to protect and pass down these precious intangible heritages.（运用了it作形式主语，后面的不定式作真正的主语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $