Unit 3 Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册（人教版）

本高中英语讲义围绕“环境问题与全球变暖”核心主题，构建“现象引入—原因分析—影响探讨—行动建议”的学习支架。先通过新闻对话呈现Norgate污染现象，再以阅读理解深入剖析全球变暖的成因、极端天气影响及应对措施，辅以核心词汇（如release, restrict）和重点句型（如There is no doubt that...）的分层训练，最终通过语块积累与句子写作实现语言输出。 该资料以真实情境驱动语言学习，新闻对话与阅读理解结合提升语言理解与表达能力，问题设计（如段落匹配、细节题）培养分析推断的思维品质。核心词汇“即时训练”融入应用文写作，强化学习策略。课中助力教师引导学生构建知识网络，课后可通过词汇句型练习与语块积累帮助学生查漏补缺，巩固语言运用能力。

News that Matters: pollution in Norgate SMITH: It's been awful1, really.When I first moved here, the air was fresh, the grass green and the water clear.Then heavy industry factories moved in, and things became entirely different.I don't enjoy outdoor activities any more.The river is dirty and smelly2.The smog in the air has coloured the sky a smoky grey; it's also given me a cough that I can't get rid of.For health and safety reasons alone, heavy industry has to go. HOST: Mr Smith protested against heavy industry.Mr Brown, would you like to respond? BROWN: Well, I'm sorry you feel that way, Mr Smith.People tend to connect factories with pictures of clouds of dirty smoke and irresponsible businessmen eager to make huge profits.In defence of the factories, however, I'd like to point out that we also try to control the amount of pollution we produce.I think I speak for all factory managers when I say we're deeply concerned about the environment.We've been taking various measures, including the use of new technologies, to reduce pollution in the production process, even though these measures raise our production costs.I'd also like to draw your attention to3 the economic benefits factories have brought to Norgate.We've created many jobs for local residents and helped the city's economy grow. 1．awful adj.很坏的； 极讨厌的； 非常的 2．smelly adj.有臭味的； 有难闻气味的 3．draw one's attention to...引起某人对……的注意 Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking 1．Read the text and match the main idea of each paragraph. Para.1 　　Para.2 Para.3 　　Para.4 Para.5 A．We need to do something to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. B．The rise in temperature has caused natural disasters. C．Earth is getting warmer and warmer. D．A dead polar bear was found, which alarmed some experts. E．Why is Earth getting warmer and warmer? 答案　CDEBA 2．What is the text mainly about? The text is mainly about the causes and effects of global warming. Choose the best answer according to the text. 1．The evidence of the global climate change doesn't include . A．warming ocean and atmosphere B．melting ice and rising sea levels C．more polar bears and seals D．extreme rainstorms and heatwaves 2．Why is the “natural” greenhouse effect important and necessary? A．Because it is short­wave radiation. B．Because it is long­wave radiation. C．Because it releases more heat. D．Because it helps Earth to sustain life. 3．In which part of a newspaper or magazine may we find this passage? A．Entertainment. B．Economy. C．Education. D．Environment. 4．What's the author's purpose of writing this text? A．To call for people to donate money. B．To ask people not to kill polar bears. C．To appeal to people to care Earth's ecology. D．To educate people about global warming. 答案　1～4　CDDD 1．细读短文并找出震惊心理描写的句子 In 2013，a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear that was found on Norway's Arctic island of Svalbard. 2．细读短文并找出描写“采取行动和措施”的句子 ①This requires the attention of people all over the world.Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. ②We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. ③It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts, because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[核心词汇·练透] starve vi.& vt.(使)挨饿；饿死 (1)starve for　渴望……；极需…… starve to death 饿死 starve to do sth 渴望做某事 (2)starvation n. 饥饿；挨饿；饿死 [经典佳句]　Penniless and starving, the child stood near the road and begged for a meal, otherwise he would starve to death.(读后续写之动作描写) 这个孩子身无分文又饥肠辘辘，站在路边要饭，否则就会饿死。 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The student coming from the country was starving for the friendship from those who come from the city. ②To our shock, there are many children in some underdeveloped regions dying of starvation (starve) every year. ③我渴望学好英语，因为掌握英语意味着我们可以通过一扇新的窗户看世界。因此，我一直渴望这样一个宝贵的机会来练习我的英语口语，所以请接受我的申请。(应用文写作之申请信) I am starving to study English well，because mastering English means we can see the world through a new window.As a result，I have been starving for such a precious opportunity to practise my spoken English，so please accept my application. release vt.& n．排放；释放；发布 (1)release sb (from sth) 释放；使免除 release a movie/book/CD 发行电影/书/唱片 (2)a sense of release 解脱感；轻松感 on release 在公映；发行；释放 [经典佳句]　It's a positive attitude toward life that makes a difference to helping us release stress.(应用文之健康生活) 这是一种积极的生活态度，有助于我们释放压力。 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Learning that a new movie is to be released(release) at nine this Saturday，I am starving to enjoy it together with you and please don't decline my sincere invitation. ②He was released from prison after serving two years of a five­year sentence. ③为了在享受美丽校园的同时释放沉重的学习压力，我们学校发起了“认识身边的植物”活动。 An activity “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us” was launched by our school with the aim of releasing our heavy learning pressure while enjoying our beautiful campus. restrict vt.限制；限定；束缚 (1)restrict ...to ...　把……限制在…… (2)restriction n. 限制规定；限制法规；约束 restricted adj. 有限的；受限制的 restrictive adj. 限制性的；约束的 [经典佳句]　The number of club members is restricted to ten，so it is difficult to be admitted to the club.俱乐部成员的数量被限制在10人以内，因此进入这个俱乐部很难。 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The swimming club is open to families in the neighborhood without restriction(restrict)． ②As a youngster，she might have found the new policy too restrictive(restrict)，not creative enough. ③要成为聪明的在线学习者，我们应该把玩电脑游戏限制在不到30分钟。只有严格的限制和纪律，我们才能更有效地在网上学习。 To be smart online learners，we should restrict ourselves to playing computer games for less than 30 minutes.Only with strict restrictions and discipline can we learn more efficiently online. seize vt.抓住；夺取；控制 seize a chance/an opportunity 抓住一个机会 seize sb by the＋身体部位 抓住某人的…… seize on/upon 抓住(可利用的事物) [经典佳句]　With those around me staring at me，fear seized me straight away and I couldn't be resisting trembling.(读后续写之恐惧心理描写) 周围的人都盯着我看，恐惧立刻攫住了我，我忍不住颤抖起来。 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①What made his mother burn with anger was that he seized on/upon the rain as an excuse for missing school. ②I was about to fall off the cliff when my father reached out his strong hand and seized me by the arm. ③我会抓住这次宝贵的机会参加活动，以提高自己的综合能力。 I will seize the precious opportunity/chance to participate in the activity to enhance my overall ability. sustain vt.维持；遭受；承受住(☞sustainable adj.可以忍受的；合理利用的；可持续的) (1)sustain damage/a defeat 遭受损失/遭到失败 (2)sustainable development 可持续发展 [经典佳句]　Good cooking shares one thing in common: that's to always sustain the balance among meats, grains and vegetables.(应用文之建议信) 好的烹饪有一个共同点：那就是始终保持肉类、谷物和蔬菜之间的平衡。 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①To reduce our impact, we can take simple steps: empty the fridge before heading out, and choose sustainable (sustain) dining options. (2025·北京卷) ②团体运动是提高身体素质和保持健康生活方式最有效的方法之一。 Group exercise is one of the most effective ways to improve physical fitness and sustain a healthy lifestyle. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[重点句型·通关] 教材原句：There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph)． 毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越温暖(看曲线图)。 (1)There is little/no doubt that ...中that引导同位语从句。 (2)doubt用作动词时，在肯定句中后跟if/whether引导的宾语从句；在否定句或疑问句中后跟that引导的宾语从句。 [句式分析]　There is little/no doubt that ...毫无疑问…… [经典佳句]　There is no doubt that I gained numerous knowledge on plants and have become interested in them through this meaningful activity. 毫无疑问，通过这次有意义的活动，我获得了许多关于植物的知识，并对它们产生了兴趣。 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I doubt whether/if he is qualified for the position advertised in the newspaper. ②I don't doubt that computers are playing an increasingly important part in our daily lives. ③毫无疑问，教育在塑造一个人的未来方面起着至关重要的作用。 There is little/no doubt that education plays a crucial role in shaping a person's future. 教材原句：Without this process，Earth could not sustain life. 如果没有这一过程，地球就无法维系生命。 本句中的without this process是介词短语，相当于条件状语从句，引导虚拟语气。 有类似用法的还有：with，otherwise，or，but for等。 [句式分析]　介词(短语)引导虚拟语气 [经典佳句]　Without my English teacher's encouragement and assistance，I would have given up studying English.没有我英语老师的鼓励和帮助，我早就放弃学英语了。 [即时训练]　完成句子 ①如果没有母亲的鼓励和陪伴，我不会成功地戒烟戒酒。 But for/Without my mother's encouragement and company，I wouldn't have succeeded in getting rid of tobacco and alcohol. ②我的班主任经常激励我专心学习，否则我现在不会在班里名列第一。 My head teacher frequently stimulates me to absorb myself in learning, otherwise/or I wouldn't rank first in my class at present. ③不可否认，没有电我们就不能过舒适的生活。 There is no denying that we couldn't lead a comfortable life without electricity. 教材原句：There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage， but also costing human lives. 有充分而全面的证据表明，温度升高导致全世界范围内极端天气和自然灾害增加，不仅造成了严重的破坏，而且还造成了人员伤亡。 现在分词作结果状语 (1)“There is evidence that...”意为“有证据表明……”，that 引导同位语从句，解释evidence的具体内容； (2)现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，其逻辑主语往往是前面的句子； (3)不定式也可作结果状语，往往表示出乎意料的结果，不定式前常加only。 [句式分析]　There is evidence that...有证据表明…… [经典佳句]　There is convincing evidence that stress is partly responsible for his failing health. 有令人信服的证据表明压力是他健康状况下降的部分原因。 [即时训练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①There is clear evidence that smoking causes heart disease. ②They reached the company out of breath，only to be told(tell) they were fired. ③正如你所知道的，春节被全世界的华人庆祝，使之成为最受欢迎的节日之一。 As you know，the Spring Festival is celebrated by Chinese all over the world, making it one of the most popular festivals. Ⅰ.教材语块必备 1．rising sea levels不断上升的海平面 2．a dramatic change巨大的变化 3．reduce our “carbon footprint” 减少我们的碳足迹 4．environmental issue环境问题 5．low­carbon lifestyle低碳生活方式 6．be trapped in the atmosphere被困在大气中 7．cause deaths and economic losses造成死亡和经济损失 8．take appropriate actions采取适当的行动 9．global warming全球变暖 10．as individuals作为个人 Ⅱ.完成句子 1．电子支付已经成为我们生活的主流，我们正在逐渐步入无现金社会。 There is a growing trend that electronic payment has dominated our lives, and we are gradually stepping into a cashless society. 2．那天我看了奥运会直播，这对我来说是一个向中国运动员学习的好机会。 I watched the live broadcast of the Olympics that day, which was a great chance for me to learn from the Chinese athletes. 3．几乎没有疑问，你的热情和善良可以弥合你和他人之间的隔阂。 There is little doubt that your passion and kindness can bridge the gap between you and others. 4．双方要抓住机遇，加强合作，共迎挑战。 The two sides should seize opportunities to set up cooperation and handle challenges together. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $