热点03 读写组合练热点话题之生态环保（热点专练）（上海专用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

热点03 读写组合练热点话题之生态环保 （阅读单选+完形填空+阅读简答题） 文章导读 主要内容 一、生态保护行动： 1. 个人 / 青少年环保实践（保护熊猫、清理塑料垃圾、推广正确种植、研发环保能源设备）； 2. 环保技术创新（日本可降解塑料、生物柴油列车、旧手机回收利用）； 3. 环保政策与倡议（控制塑料生产运输规则、减少臭氧破坏化学物质使用）； 二、环境问题与挑战： 1. 核心环境问题（气候变化、淡水短缺、海洋污染、生物多样性减少、物种灭绝危机）； 2. 人类活动负面影响（投喂野生动物破坏生态平衡、烟花燃放污染与安全隐患、食物长距离运输增加碳足迹、塑料垃圾污染）； 3. 特殊场景环保思考（火星探索中对自然保护的重视，避免重蹈地球生态破坏覆辙） 题型解题要领 一、阅读单选题： 1. 细节题：定位题干关键信息（如人名、物品名、时间、数字），回归原文精准查找对应内容（如保护熊猫的行动、可降解塑料的特性）； 2. 词义猜测题：结合上下文语境（举例、因果、解释说明）推断词义（如 “extinction” 通过 “wildlife could be gone” 推断为 “灭绝”）； 3. 主旨题：聚焦全文核心话题（如环保行动、环境问题、技术创新），排除局部细节选项； 4. 观点态度题：通过作者用词（如 “useful”“hopeful”“great discovery”）及转折 / 总结句（如 “This shows that when we make quick and strong decisions, we can make positive changes”）判断态度； 二、完形填空： 1. 联系上下文：根据前后句逻辑（因果、并列、转折）选择符合语境的词（如环保类文章优先 “protect”“reduce”“recycle” 等相关词汇）； 2. 关注固定搭配：注意动词与介词、名词与形容词的搭配（如 “cut down on”“rely on”）； 3. 结合话题背景：生态环保类文章侧重 “环保、污染、可持续、平衡” 等核心语义； 三、阅读简答题： 1. 找原文依据：直接提取或整合原文关键信息（如数字、事实）； 2. 简洁作答：避免冗余，符合题干要求（一般用短语或短句）； 3. 语法正确：注意时态、人称一致，疑问句需按要求回应（如肯定 / 否定回答） 组合套餐01 Passage 1 Young Heroes for the Planet Nowadays, people around the world are working to help our planet. Check out how the four young adults made a difference. Saving Pandas When Jack was 11, he started a group to teach kids about pandas. He also sold toy pandas to raise money to protect pandas in danger. “I hope to encourage more people to care about pandas,” Jack says. Growing Right Kathy,14, set up an organization to educate people about growing plants in right places. She also wrote a book to help people learn what plants are suitable to their area. Creating Energy At the age of 12, Linda invented a machine called SuperE. It collects heat from fields to make electricity. Linda says her invention creates electricity in a way that is less harmful to the environment. Cleaning Up Patrick, 13, joined the Ocean Heroes Camp last year. He started a project and picked up plastic waste around nearby lakes with his friends. The goal of the project was to fight plastic pollution. 1．_________ started a group to teach kids about pandas. A．Jack B．Kathy C．Linda D．Patrick 2．If you want to do something to protect the panda, you can _________. A．buy toy pandas to raise money B．buy a book to learn C．use Linda’s new machine D．join the Ocean Heroes Camp 3．The underlined words “suitable” means ________. A．familiar B．equal C．right D．similar 4．Linda was ________ years old when she invented SuperE. A．11 B．12 C．13 D．14 5．According to the passage, Patrick’s project will make ________. A．less plastic waste B．fewer ocean animals C．the water in the lake dirty D．the living environment greener 6．The list above is aimed at ________. A．helping students find their hobbies B．introducing four students’ new inventions C．calling on people to protect our planet D．providing advice on protecting the planet Passage 2 Plastic is used in daily items, from toothbrushes to furniture and toys. However, only about 9% of plastic is recycled. When plastic waste is 1 , it gives off waste gases. If it is thrown away, it often ends up in the ocean and can take hundreds of years to break down. What’s more, the transportation of plastic is sometimes 2 . In 2021, a ship carrying 1,680 tons of plastic sank near Sri Lanka. The leaked (泄露的) plastic polluted the beaches. Now, some countries are thinking about new rules to control how plastic is made and moved. Recently, scientists in Japan have invented a new type of plastic that fully decomposes (降解) on its own. Compared with traditional plastics, this new material can 3 break down in nature. Scientists have done several experiments and the results show it can disappear within a few hours in seawater and about 10 days in soil. The new plastic has other 4 as well. It can be used in many ways. When heated to 120°C, the new plastic can be shaped into different forms. It can be made into hard surfaces, soft rubber products, or strong materials for carrying heavy weight. It’s also non-toxic (无毒的) and does not catch fire, which makes it 5 for use in daily life and industry. “This great discovery can encourage us to keep developing more new materials.” said Takuzo Aida, one researcher. “The new family of plastics we’ve created is strong and seldom changes. 6 , it can lead to a cleaner and safer environment. This shows science helps solve real-life problems.” He believes it could even be used for 3D printing or medical machines in the near future. 1．A．broken B．collected C．burned D．reused 2．A．useless B．dangerous C．impossible D．surprising 3．A．carefully B．suddenly C．hardly D．easily 4．A．meanings B．problems C．advantages D．matters 5．A．safe B．flexible C．rare D．necessary 6．A．In brief B．In addition C．In this way D．In other words Passage 3 Read the passage and answer the following questions. (根据短文内容回答下列问题) Some trains produce thick clouds of black smoke as they travel. They smell bad and are harmful to the environment. But luckily, they will soon be a thing of the past. In recent years, scientists have been experimenting with biodiesel (生物柴油). Biodiesel can be made from vegetable oils and animal fats. It can also be made from cooking oil waste and leftover food. Biodiesel can power diesel engines. It is better for the environment than regular diesel. Amaterasu Railway is an open-air sightseeing train (敞篷观光列车) in Miyazaki Prefecture (宫崎县) in Japan. It has been powered by biodiesel since 2021. The train itself is very lovely. It is pink and white. While the train is moving, its conductors use bubble machines to create bubbles along the way. The train can carry up to 60 people. Its ride time is about 30 minutes. It travels through mountains, tunnels and rice fields. Its fuel is powerful enough to pull the train up high mountains. The train’s biodiesel costs about the same as regular diesel. Cooking oil provides about ninety percent of the train’s fuel. The other ten percent comes from pork bone noodle soup, and this makes the smoke from the train smell yummy. The railway company works with another company to run the train. They buy the used cooking oil and leftover noodle soup from some restaurants. The fat from the soup and the oil are refined into biodiesel. Unlike regular diesel, biodiesel goes bad in a few months. So, it has to be used right away. The biodiesel train reuses food waste and cuts down on harmful smoke. How useful it is! 1．According to the article, what can biodiesel be made from? 2．How long has the open-air sightseeing train been powered by biodiesel? 3．How long does the sightseeing train ride last? 4．What color is the open-air sightseeing train? 5．Why does the smoke from the open-air sightseeing train smell yummy? 6．Why does the biodiesel have to be used right away? 组合套餐02 Passage 1 Thanks to Earth, we have fresh air to breathe, clean water to drink and warm sunshine to enjoy. But it seems that we may think these things are normal and not realize that our planet is getting “sick”. Among all the environmental problems, climate change sits at the top. Global average (平均的) temperatures have risen by more than 0.5°C since 1992. A half-degree temperature rise is a big thing. It means that heat waves can last around one third longer and rainstorms will be about one third stronger. The increase in sea levels will be much higher, according to NASA．Countries like Singapore that are at low places may be covered by the ocean in the future. But this is not the only problem people are facing. It’s getting harder to get fresh water. Ocean pollution has become serious. Since 1992, the human population has grown by 2 billion, while the populations of all other animals have fallen by nearly 30 percent. Scientists say that we are experiencing the sixth huge extinction in history. More than two-thirds of the world’s wildlife could be gone by the end of the decade (十年) if action isn’t taken soon, according to the World Wildlife Fund. The Amur leopard, black rhino and Cross River gorilla are some animals that are in danger of dying out completely. However, we have made some progress by making the hole in the ozone layer smaller. That’s because we gradually stopped using chemicals that can break down ozone. This shows that when we make quick and strong decisions, we can make positive changes. 1．What may happen if global average temperatures rise by 0.5°C? A．The ocean will cover China. B．Cold waves can last a third longer. C．Sea levels will be three times higher. D．Rainstorms will be more serious. 2．What does the underlined word “extinction” probably mean? A．繁殖 B．灭绝 C．迁徙 D．进化 3．Which of the following environmental problems are mentioned in the text? ①Air pollution. ②Ocean pollution. ③Fewer animals. ④Smaller ozone layer. A．①② B．②④ C．①③ D．②③ 4．What’s the writer’s attitude (态度) to the future of our planet? A．Negative. B．Doubtful. C．Hopeful. D．Proud. 5．How have we made the hole in the ozone layer smaller? A．By the increase in sea levels. B．By gradually stopped using chemicals that can break down ozone. C．By getting the fresh water. D．By the growth of the human population 6．What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． Passage 2 In nature, when wild animals are hurt, they often face great challenges. In Yellowstone National Park in the USA, a young deer with a broken leg was fed by tourists. Although it grew healthy later, it could hardly find food on its own. 1 , in Australia, kangaroos fed by visitors stopped eating natural plants and developed stomach problems. Should humans feed wild animals? Some say it saves lives, while others argue that it 2 nature’s balance. Let’s look at scientific evidence. A 2021 study from Nature focused on wild birds in cities. Birds fed by people became less 3 . They often bumped into glass windows of high buildings and flew close to cars, leading to more accidents. Another study on seagulls (海鸥) showed that those fed by tourists often 4 how to catch fish and relied completely on human food. Scientists like Dr Wang Lin from Beijing Wildlife Rescue Center explain: “Feeding changes animals’ natural 5 . They may lose survival skills and even become aggressive (具有攻击性的) when expecting food.” 6 , monkeys in some parks now steal bags from tourists, causing serious problems. So what is the best action? Wildlife expert Zhang Hua advises: “If you find wild animals that need help, report them to keepers instead of feeding them. Professionals know how to help without causing harm.” 1．A．However B．Similarly C．Therefore D．Instead 2．A．keeps B．improves C．damages D．avoids 3．A．careful B．healthy C．friendly D．independent 4．A．pretended B．forgot C．memorized D．Improved 5．A．behavior B．environment C．beauty D．language 6．A．In addition B．As a result C．On the other hand D．For example Passage 3 I’m sitting in my favourite spot on a hill, surrounded by trees and soft green grass. The wind gently blows, and the sun shines brightly in the early morning. It’s the perfect temperature, neither too hot nor too cold. This place brings me peace, and I feel calm. I come here whenever I can, though it’s rare now. It holds a special place in my heart, especially because I’ve always imagined visiting places where nature and ancient buildings are closely connected, like the peaceful temples hidden in the mountains. But now, the reality is different. I switched off my mask, and released electrodes (电极) from my skin. I know my time here is over. I’m in a spaceship, with artificial light, metal floors and narrow rooms — nothing like the green hills and trees I once knew. The peaceful breeze is replaced by the noise of machines. The long journey to Mars is lonely. That’s why I need some virtual (虚拟的) activities to stay calm. We are on the greatest mission of humanity, but I worry about losing what makes us human. If we reach Mars, we should do more than just build shelters—we must protect nature there, just as we should have done on Earth. If we fail, Mars will become another empty planet. Let’s not repeat the mistakes of the past. Our true strength lies in caring for our planet, not just settling in new worlds. 1．What is the writer’s favourite place? 2．Does the writer feel comfortable in the spaceship? 3．Why does the writer need some virtual activities? 4．What does the underlined phrase “the greatest mission of humanity” refer to? 5．What should humans do if they reach Mars according to the passage? 6．If you were to go on a journey to another planet, what kind of place would you want to have in your virtual activities? And why is that place important to you? 组合套餐03 Passage 1 Choose the best answer (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案) When a new cell phone starts to be sold in stores, many people rush out to buy one. We all want the newest, latest thing. But what should we do with our old cell phones? Mike Townsend works at Total Recall, a cell phone recycling company. “Don’t throw your old phone away. Send it to us and we’ll recycle it,” he says. “ If you throw it away, it goes with other rubbish to become landfill. In other words, it is put in a big hole in the ground—and it becomes a big problem.” Cell phones contain some toxic materials (有毒物质), like lead, mercury and cadmium. If your phone goes to a landfill, these toxic materials can get out and get into the water under the ground. That’s the water we want to drink or the water that goes into rivers or the ocean. Millions of cell phones are thrown away every year. “At Total Recall, we take the old phones apart. Most of the materials in a cell phone can be recycled and used again,” explains Mike. “We sell the parts and they are used to make new products. For example, phone batteries contain nickel and cadmium. The nickel is used to make steel, and the cadmium can be used to make new batteries. The plastic cases of the phones are made into plastic fence posts.” Mike says recycling your old phone is easy. “You can usually take it into a cell phone shop and they’ll send it to us.” So, before you throw your old cell phone away, use it one last time: search for a cell phone recycling company near you and give them a call. 1．Total Recall is a company which ________. A．sells new cell phones B．recycles old cell phones C．repairs old cell phones D．produces new cell phones 2．The underlined word landfill in the second paragraph probably means “________”. A．an area of land where large amounts of rubbish are buried B．an area of land that is higher than the land around it C．something used for filling holes D．something added to soil to make plants grow fast 3．What will happen if the old cell phones go to a landfill? A．They will make a big hole in the ground and cause a big problem. B．A cell phone company will reuse them again. C．They will be used to make new products in a short time. D．Toxic materials will come out and get into the water under the ground. 4．According to the passage, most of the materials can be recycled except ________. A．cadmium B．mercury C．plastic cases D．nickel 5．The right ways to deal with the old cell phones are to ________. ① break the old phones into pieces    ② take them into a cell phone shop ③ throw them with other rubbish    ④ call for a cell phone recycling company A．① ② B．② ③ C．① ④ D．② ④ 6．Which is the best title for the passage above? A．Don’t use old cell phones B．Take care of old cell phones C．New lives of old cell phones D．Changes of old cell phones Passage 2 Should fireworks be banned (禁止)? People like to celebrate special occasions with fireworks. However, although they can be fun to watch, fireworks can be dangerous if not used correctly. Some people want them banned altogether, whereas others think there should be stricter rules about when and where they can be used. What do you think, should fireworks be banned? Yes— they’re dangerous and 1 Fireworks are explosive and dangerous in the wrong hands, They can cause injuries, like burn. Not everyone loves fireworks. The bangs (突然的巨啊) can be really frightening for people with anxiety. The sound of rockets can also make wildlife, farm animals and pets 2 with fear for a long time. Besides, fireworks cause plastic pollution and they can produce gases that lead to climate change. They are bad for the 3 . It’s better to celebrate without a bang. No—they’re too important to people Many people find fireworks beautiful and exciting to watch, as they fill 4 skies with sparkles (闪烁的光) at night. They’re also an important part of celebrations around the world. 5 , they’re used during Kiwali, a festival celebrated by many religions, at Independence Day celebrations for Americans; and during Lunar New Year by many Asian cultures. Many businesses that make or sell fireworks would have to 6 if fireworks were made illegal (非法的). Anyway, there’s no need for a total fireworks ban. The SPCA, a UK animal charity, wants laws changed to make fireworks quieter, with controls on when and where they can be bought and set off. 1．A．changeable B．polluting C．powerful D．special 2．A．touch B．wave C．shake D．unite 3．A．performance B．celebration C．education D．environment 4．A．dark B．blue C．bright D．clear 5．A．In addition B．After all C．For example D．Above all 6．A．lie down B．close down C．cut down D．turn down Passage 3 Answer the questions. (根据短文内容回答问题) Do you know where your food comes from? How far do the milk, apples, coffee beans and other items you eat travel to reach you? What we eat shapes us. But the decisions we make on what we eat can also shape the world around us. Starting to check your food miles is an important step to saving the Earth. Food miles refer to the distance your food travels before it reaches you. From farm to fork, the shorter the distance, the better the food will be for your health and the environment. Food miles are a rather modern idea. Throughout most of human history, people have eaten food grown locally. But over the past few decades (十年), the world has become highly connected. We have become used to having a wide range of global foods. We buy tropical fruits rather than those grown in our local climate. We expect fresh, green products (尤指农产品) even when there is snow on the ground. When we calculate food miles, we shouldn’t just think about the exact number of miles. It depends on many factors (因素), such as how damaging these miles can be. For one thing, the mode of transportation is important. Air travel, for example, allows food to travel quickly. However, this speedy delivery system causes a carbon footprint about 50 times bigger than that of the much slower transportation of food by sea. Working out the environmental cost of what we eat can be hard. The simple truth is that most of us can do far better than what we do now. Whenever you can, buy food from local farmers and eat in-season fruits and vegetables. 1．People have been talking about food miles for the past few centuries, haven’t they? 2．According to the author, what are food miles? 3．What examples did the author use to show people’s habit of buying global food?  (Give 1 example.) 4．What are the advantage and disadvantage of transporting food by air? 5．According to the author, how can we reduce our food miles? 6．Apart from the author’s suggestions, what do you think we can do to reduce our food miles? (Give at least 2 examples.) 11 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 热点03 读写组合练热点话题之生态环保 （阅读单选+完形填空+阅读简答题） 文章导读 主要内容 一、生态保护行动： 1. 个人 / 青少年环保实践（保护熊猫、清理塑料垃圾、推广正确种植、研发环保能源设备）； 2. 环保技术创新（日本可降解塑料、生物柴油列车、旧手机回收利用）； 3. 环保政策与倡议（控制塑料生产运输规则、减少臭氧破坏化学物质使用）； 二、环境问题与挑战： 1. 核心环境问题（气候变化、淡水短缺、海洋污染、生物多样性减少、物种灭绝危机）； 2. 人类活动负面影响（投喂野生动物破坏生态平衡、烟花燃放污染与安全隐患、食物长距离运输增加碳足迹、塑料垃圾污染）； 3. 特殊场景环保思考（火星探索中对自然保护的重视，避免重蹈地球生态破坏覆辙） 题型解题要领 一、阅读单选题： 1. 细节题：定位题干关键信息（如人名、物品名、时间、数字），回归原文精准查找对应内容（如保护熊猫的行动、可降解塑料的特性）； 2. 词义猜测题：结合上下文语境（举例、因果、解释说明）推断词义（如 “extinction” 通过 “wildlife could be gone” 推断为 “灭绝”）； 3. 主旨题：聚焦全文核心话题（如环保行动、环境问题、技术创新），排除局部细节选项； 4. 观点态度题：通过作者用词（如 “useful”“hopeful”“great discovery”）及转折 / 总结句（如 “This shows that when we make quick and strong decisions, we can make positive changes”）判断态度； 二、完形填空： 1. 联系上下文：根据前后句逻辑（因果、并列、转折）选择符合语境的词（如环保类文章优先 “protect”“reduce”“recycle” 等相关词汇）； 2. 关注固定搭配：注意动词与介词、名词与形容词的搭配（如 “cut down on”“rely on”）； 3. 结合话题背景：生态环保类文章侧重 “环保、污染、可持续、平衡” 等核心语义； 三、阅读简答题： 1. 找原文依据：直接提取或整合原文关键信息（如数字、事实）； 2. 简洁作答：避免冗余，符合题干要求（一般用短语或短句）； 3. 语法正确：注意时态、人称一致，疑问句需按要求回应（如肯定 / 否定回答） 组合套餐01 Passage 1 Young Heroes for the Planet Nowadays, people around the world are working to help our planet. Check out how the four young adults made a difference. Saving Pandas When Jack was 11, he started a group to teach kids about pandas. He also sold toy pandas to raise money to protect pandas in danger. “I hope to encourage more people to care about pandas,” Jack says. Growing Right Kathy,14, set up an organization to educate people about growing plants in right places. She also wrote a book to help people learn what plants are suitable to their area. Creating Energy At the age of 12, Linda invented a machine called SuperE. It collects heat from fields to make electricity. Linda says her invention creates electricity in a way that is less harmful to the environment. Cleaning Up Patrick, 13, joined the Ocean Heroes Camp last year. He started a project and picked up plastic waste around nearby lakes with his friends. The goal of the project was to fight plastic pollution. 1．_________ started a group to teach kids about pandas. A．Jack B．Kathy C．Linda D．Patrick 2．If you want to do something to protect the panda, you can _________. A．buy toy pandas to raise money B．buy a book to learn C．use Linda’s new machine D．join the Ocean Heroes Camp 3．The underlined words “suitable” means ________. A．familiar B．equal C．right D．similar 4．Linda was ________ years old when she invented SuperE. A．11 B．12 C．13 D．14 5．According to the passage, Patrick’s project will make ________. A．less plastic waste B．fewer ocean animals C．the water in the lake dirty D．the living environment greener 6．The list above is aimed at ________. A．helping students find their hobbies B．introducing four students’ new inventions C．calling on people to protect our planet D．providing advice on protecting the planet 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲四个年轻人做的不同的事情来帮助地球。 1．细节理解题。根据“When Jack was 11, he started a group to teach kids about pandas.”可知，Jack在11岁时成立了一个教孩子们关于熊猫的组织，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“He also sold toy pandas to raise money to protect pandas in danger.”可知，Jack通过卖玩具熊猫来筹集资金保护濒危熊猫，所以如果想为保护熊猫做些事，可以买玩具熊猫来筹集资金。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Kathy, 14, set up an organization to educate people about growing plants in right places. She also wrote a book to help people learn what plants are suitable to their area.”可知，此处是指在合适的地方种植植物，可推测suitable和right的意思相近，意为“合适的”。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“At the age of 12, Linda invented a machine called SuperE.”可知，Linda在12岁时发明了名为SuperE的机器，故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“The goal of the project was to fight plastic pollution.”可知，该课题的目标是对抗塑料污染，故选A。 6．主旨大意题。根据“Nowadays, people around the world are working to help our planet. Check out how the four young adults made a difference.”及通读全文可知， 本文介绍了四个年轻人为保护地球所做的不同事情，如保护熊猫、正确种植植物、创造能源、清理塑料垃圾等，所以文章的目的是号召人们保护我们的地球。故选C。 Passage 2 Plastic is used in daily items, from toothbrushes to furniture and toys. However, only about 9% of plastic is recycled. When plastic waste is 1 , it gives off waste gases. If it is thrown away, it often ends up in the ocean and can take hundreds of years to break down. What’s more, the transportation of plastic is sometimes 2 . In 2021, a ship carrying 1,680 tons of plastic sank near Sri Lanka. The leaked (泄露的) plastic polluted the beaches. Now, some countries are thinking about new rules to control how plastic is made and moved. Recently, scientists in Japan have invented a new type of plastic that fully decomposes (降解) on its own. Compared with traditional plastics, this new material can 3 break down in nature. Scientists have done several experiments and the results show it can disappear within a few hours in seawater and about 10 days in soil. The new plastic has other 4 as well. It can be used in many ways. When heated to 120°C, the new plastic can be shaped into different forms. It can be made into hard surfaces, soft rubber products, or strong materials for carrying heavy weight. It’s also non-toxic (无毒的) and does not catch fire, which makes it 5 for use in daily life and industry. “This great discovery can encourage us to keep developing more new materials.” said Takuzo Aida, one researcher. “The new family of plastics we’ve created is strong and seldom changes. 6 , it can lead to a cleaner and safer environment. This shows science helps solve real-life problems.” He believes it could even be used for 3D printing or medical machines in the near future. 1．A．broken B．collected C．burned D．reused 2．A．useless B．dangerous C．impossible D．surprising 3．A．carefully B．suddenly C．hardly D．easily 4．A．meanings B．problems C．advantages D．matters 5．A．safe B．flexible C．rare D．necessary 6．A．In brief B．In addition C．In this way D．In other words 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了塑料污染的现状、运输风险以及日本科学家研发的新型可降解塑料的优势和潜在应用。 1．句意：当塑料废品被燃烧时，会释放废气。 broken 打碎；collected 收集；burned 燃烧；reused 重复使用。根据“gives off waste gases（释放废气）”可知，燃烧塑料会产生有害气体。故选C。 2．句意：此外，塑料运输有时是危险的。 useless 无用的；dangerous 危险的；impossible 不可能的；surprising 令人惊讶的。根据后文“ In 2021, a ship carrying 1,680 tons of plastic sank near Sri Lanka. The leaked (泄露的) plastic polluted the beaches”可知，运输存在风险。故选B。 3．句意：与传统塑料相比，新材料能容易在自然界中降解。 carefully 小心地；suddenly 突然地；hardly 几乎不；easily 容易地。根据“Scientists have done several experiments and the results show it can disappear within a few hours in seawater and about 10 days in soil.”可知，降解速度快，也就是容易。故选D。 4．句意：新型塑料还有其他优点。 meanings 含义；problems 问题；advantages 优势；matters 事项。根据“ It can be used in many ways. When heated to 120°C, the new plastic can be shaped into different forms. It can be made into hard surfaces, soft rubber products, or strong materials for carrying heavy weight. It’s also non-toxic (无毒的) and does not catch fire,”可知，后文列举了可塑性强、无毒、防火等优点。故选C。 5．句意：它无毒且不易燃，这使其在日常生活和工业中安全使用。 safe 安全的；flexible 灵活的；rare 稀有的；necessary 必要的。根据“non-toxic and does not catch fire（无毒防火）”可知，安全性高。故选A。 6．句意：通过这种方式，它可以带来一个更清洁、更安全的环境。 In brief 简言之；In addition 此外；In this way 通过这种方式；In other words 换句话说。前文提到新材料特性，后文“it can lead to a cleaner and safer environment.”是结果，应用in this way“通过这种方式”引出结果。故选C。 Passage 3 Read the passage and answer the following questions. (根据短文内容回答下列问题) Some trains produce thick clouds of black smoke as they travel. They smell bad and are harmful to the environment. But luckily, they will soon be a thing of the past. In recent years, scientists have been experimenting with biodiesel (生物柴油). Biodiesel can be made from vegetable oils and animal fats. It can also be made from cooking oil waste and leftover food. Biodiesel can power diesel engines. It is better for the environment than regular diesel. Amaterasu Railway is an open-air sightseeing train (敞篷观光列车) in Miyazaki Prefecture (宫崎县) in Japan. It has been powered by biodiesel since 2021. The train itself is very lovely. It is pink and white. While the train is moving, its conductors use bubble machines to create bubbles along the way. The train can carry up to 60 people. Its ride time is about 30 minutes. It travels through mountains, tunnels and rice fields. Its fuel is powerful enough to pull the train up high mountains. The train’s biodiesel costs about the same as regular diesel. Cooking oil provides about ninety percent of the train’s fuel. The other ten percent comes from pork bone noodle soup, and this makes the smoke from the train smell yummy. The railway company works with another company to run the train. They buy the used cooking oil and leftover noodle soup from some restaurants. The fat from the soup and the oil are refined into biodiesel. Unlike regular diesel, biodiesel goes bad in a few months. So, it has to be used right away. The biodiesel train reuses food waste and cuts down on harmful smoke. How useful it is! 1．According to the article, what can biodiesel be made from? 2．How long has the open-air sightseeing train been powered by biodiesel? 3．How long does the sightseeing train ride last? 4．What color is the open-air sightseeing train? 5．Why does the smoke from the open-air sightseeing train smell yummy? 6．Why does the biodiesel have to be used right away? 【答案】1．It can be made from vegetable oils, animal fats, cooking oil waste and leftover food. 2．Since 2021. 3．About 30 minutes. 4．It is pink and white. 5．Because ten percent of its fuel comes from pork bone noodle soup. 6．Because biodiesel goes bad in a few months. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了生物柴油的相关信息，以及日本宫崎县使用生物柴油驱动的露天观光列车的情况，包括列车特点、燃料来源与特点等和这种列车的环保作用。 1．根据“Biodiesel can be made from vegetable oils and animal fats. It can also be made from cooking oil waste and leftover food.”可知生物柴油可由植物油和动物脂肪制成，也可由废弃食用油和剩余食物制成，故填It can be made from vegetable oils, animal fats, cooking oil waste and leftover food. 2．根据“Amaterasu Railway is an open-air sightseeing train in Miyazaki Prefecture in Japan. It has been powered by biodiesel since 2021.”可知自从2021年起敞篷观光列车就由生物柴油提供动力了，故填Since 2021. 3．根据“The train can carry up to 60 people. Its ride time is about 30 minutes.”可知敞篷观光列车的行程时长为大约30分钟，故填About 30 minutes. 4．根据“The train itself is very lovely. It is pink and white.”可知火车是粉白相间的，故填It is pink and white. 5．根据“The other ten percent comes from pork bone noodle soup, and this makes the smoke from the train smell yummy.”可知剩下的10%的燃料来自猪骨面条汤，所以火车冒出的烟闻起来是香喷喷的，故填Because ten percent of its fuel comes from pork bone noodle soup. 6．根据“Unlike regular diesel, biodiesel goes bad in a few months. So, it has to be used right away.”可知几个月后，生物柴油会变质，所以必须被立即使用，故填Because biodiesel goes bad in a few months. 组合套餐02 Passage 1 Thanks to Earth, we have fresh air to breathe, clean water to drink and warm sunshine to enjoy. But it seems that we may think these things are normal and not realize that our planet is getting “sick”. Among all the environmental problems, climate change sits at the top. Global average (平均的) temperatures have risen by more than 0.5°C since 1992. A half-degree temperature rise is a big thing. It means that heat waves can last around one third longer and rainstorms will be about one third stronger. The increase in sea levels will be much higher, according to NASA．Countries like Singapore that are at low places may be covered by the ocean in the future. But this is not the only problem people are facing. It’s getting harder to get fresh water. Ocean pollution has become serious. Since 1992, the human population has grown by 2 billion, while the populations of all other animals have fallen by nearly 30 percent. Scientists say that we are experiencing the sixth huge extinction in history. More than two-thirds of the world’s wildlife could be gone by the end of the decade (十年) if action isn’t taken soon, according to the World Wildlife Fund. The Amur leopard, black rhino and Cross River gorilla are some animals that are in danger of dying out completely. However, we have made some progress by making the hole in the ozone layer smaller. That’s because we gradually stopped using chemicals that can break down ozone. This shows that when we make quick and strong decisions, we can make positive changes. 1．What may happen if global average temperatures rise by 0.5°C? A．The ocean will cover China. B．Cold waves can last a third longer. C．Sea levels will be three times higher. D．Rainstorms will be more serious. 2．What does the underlined word “extinction” probably mean? A．繁殖 B．灭绝 C．迁徙 D．进化 3．Which of the following environmental problems are mentioned in the text? ①Air pollution. ②Ocean pollution. ③Fewer animals. ④Smaller ozone layer. A．①② B．②④ C．①③ D．②③ 4．What’s the writer’s attitude (态度) to the future of our planet? A．Negative. B．Doubtful. C．Hopeful. D．Proud. 5．How have we made the hole in the ozone layer smaller? A．By the increase in sea levels. B．By gradually stopped using chemicals that can break down ozone. C．By getting the fresh water. D．By the growth of the human population 6．What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了地球上的环境问题。 1．细节理解题。根据“A half-degree temperature rise is a big thing. It means that heat waves can last around one third longer and rainstorms will be about one third stronger.”可知，气温上升半度是件大事，这意味着热浪持续时间会延长大约三分之一，暴雨将增强大约三分之一。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“More than two-thirds of the world’s wildlife could be gone by the end of the decade (十年) if action isn’t taken soon, according to the World Wildlife Fund.”可知，据世界野生动物基金会称，如果不尽快采取行动，到本十年末，世界上超过三分之二的野生动物可能会消失。由此可知，这里划线单词“extinction”应该表示“灭绝”，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Ocean pollution has become serious”和“More than two-thirds of the world’s wildlife could be gone by the end of the decade (十年) if action isn’t taken soon, according to the World Wildlife Fund. ”可知，文章提到了海洋污染以及数量更少的动物，故选D。 4．观点态度题。根据“This shows that when we make quick and strong decisions, we can make positive changes.”可知，当我们做出迅速而有力的决定时，我们可以做出积极的改变。据此可以看出作者是充满希望的，故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“However, we have made some progress by making the hole in the ozone layer smaller. That’s because we gradually stopped using chemicals that can break down ozone.”可知，我们通过逐渐停止使用可以分解臭氧的化学物质去使得臭氧层上的空洞变小了。故选B。 6．篇章结构题。文章第一段讲述了介绍了我们的星球正在“生病”；第二段到第四段介绍了地球出现的问题；第五段介绍人类在保护环境上取得了一些进展；第六段总结全文。所以文章结构如A选项所示。故选A。 Passage 2 In nature, when wild animals are hurt, they often face great challenges. In Yellowstone National Park in the USA, a young deer with a broken leg was fed by tourists. Although it grew healthy later, it could hardly find food on its own. 1 , in Australia, kangaroos fed by visitors stopped eating natural plants and developed stomach problems. Should humans feed wild animals? Some say it saves lives, while others argue that it 2 nature’s balance. Let’s look at scientific evidence. A 2021 study from Nature focused on wild birds in cities. Birds fed by people became less 3 . They often bumped into glass windows of high buildings and flew close to cars, leading to more accidents. Another study on seagulls (海鸥) showed that those fed by tourists often 4 how to catch fish and relied completely on human food. Scientists like Dr Wang Lin from Beijing Wildlife Rescue Center explain: “Feeding changes animals’ natural 5 . They may lose survival skills and even become aggressive (具有攻击性的) when expecting food.” 6 , monkeys in some parks now steal bags from tourists, causing serious problems. So what is the best action? Wildlife expert Zhang Hua advises: “If you find wild animals that need help, report them to keepers instead of feeding them. Professionals know how to help without causing harm.” 1．A．However B．Similarly C．Therefore D．Instead 2．A．keeps B．improves C．damages D．avoids 3．A．careful B．healthy C．friendly D．independent 4．A．pretended B．forgot C．memorized D．Improved 5．A．behavior B．environment C．beauty D．language 6．A．In addition B．As a result C．On the other hand D．For example 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，通过多个案例和研究，讨论人类投喂野生动物的危害，指出该行为会破坏生态平衡、让动物丧失生存技能，建议交由专业人士救助野生动物。 1．句意：类似地，在澳大利亚，被游客投喂的袋鼠不再吃天然植物，还出现了胃病。 However然而；Similarly类似地；Therefore因此；Instead反而。前文讲美国黄石公园鹿被投喂后难以自理，后文讲澳大利亚袋鼠被投喂后出现胃病，是“类似”的情况，“Similarly”符合语境。故选B。 2．句意：有人说投喂能救命，而另一些人认为它会破坏自然平衡。 keeps保持；improves改善；damages破坏；avoids避免。根据“while”表转折及后文动物失去生存技能等问题，可知投喂“破坏”自然平衡，“damages”符合语境。故选C。 3．句意：被人喂食的鸟变得更不小心。 careful仔细的；healthy健康的；friendly友好的；independent独立的。根据“They often bumped into glass windows...leading to more accidents”可知，鸟类依赖投喂后变得不够谨慎，“careful”符合语境。故选A。 4．句意：另一项关于海鸥的研究显示，被游客投喂的海鸥经常忘记如何捕鱼，完全依赖人类食物。 pretended假装；forgot忘记；memorized记住；improved改善。根据“relied completely on human food”可知，海鸥“忘记”捕鱼技能，“forgot”符合语境。故选B。 5．句意：投喂会改变动物的自然行为。 behavior行为；environment环境；beauty美丽；language语言。根据“They may lose survival skills and even become aggressive”可知，投喂改变动物的行为模式，“behavior”符合语境。故选A。 6．句意：例如，一些公园里的猴子现在会偷游客的包，造成严重问题。 In addition此外；As a result结果；On the other hand另一方面；For example例如。根据“…monkeys in some parks now steal bags from tourists, causing serious problems.”可知，前文讲投喂让动物有攻击性，后文举猴子偷包的例子，此处“For example”符合语境。故选D。 Passage 3 I’m sitting in my favourite spot on a hill, surrounded by trees and soft green grass. The wind gently blows, and the sun shines brightly in the early morning. It’s the perfect temperature, neither too hot nor too cold. This place brings me peace, and I feel calm. I come here whenever I can, though it’s rare now. It holds a special place in my heart, especially because I’ve always imagined visiting places where nature and ancient buildings are closely connected, like the peaceful temples hidden in the mountains. But now, the reality is different. I switched off my mask, and released electrodes (电极) from my skin. I know my time here is over. I’m in a spaceship, with artificial light, metal floors and narrow rooms — nothing like the green hills and trees I once knew. The peaceful breeze is replaced by the noise of machines. The long journey to Mars is lonely. That’s why I need some virtual (虚拟的) activities to stay calm. We are on the greatest mission of humanity, but I worry about losing what makes us human. If we reach Mars, we should do more than just build shelters—we must protect nature there, just as we should have done on Earth. If we fail, Mars will become another empty planet. Let’s not repeat the mistakes of the past. Our true strength lies in caring for our planet, not just settling in new worlds. 1．What is the writer’s favourite place? 2．Does the writer feel comfortable in the spaceship? 3．Why does the writer need some virtual activities? 4．What does the underlined phrase “the greatest mission of humanity” refer to? 5．What should humans do if they reach Mars according to the passage? 6．If you were to go on a journey to another planet, what kind of place would you want to have in your virtual activities? And why is that place important to you? 【答案】1．A hill/A spot on a hill surrounded by trees and soft green grass. 2．No, he/she doesn’t. 3．Because the long journey to Mars is lonely and he/she needs to stay calm./Because he/she needs to stay calm during the long and lonely journey to Mars. 4．It refers to “travelling to and settling on Mars”. 5．The writer believes humans should do more than just build shelters and should protect nature on Mars. 6．Any reasonable answer is ok. Answer Example: I would want a virtual place. That’s a quiet library filled with my favorite books and a small garden with flowers. Because books and nature remind me of the curiosity and love for beauty that make me human. Such a place would help me feel connected to my emotions and memories, just like the hill does for the writer, even when I’m far away in space. I would want a virtual version of my hometown’s park. It has a lake where I used to feed ducks and a tree I climbed as a kid. This place is important because it holds my childhood memories and makes me feel connected to who I am, even in space. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，通过宇航员在前往火星途中对地球自然美景的回忆与现实飞船环境的对比，表达了对人类破坏自然的反思，呼吁在开发新星球时珍视和保护自然环境。 1．根据“I’m sitting in my favourite spot on a hill, surrounded by trees and soft green grass.”可知，作者最喜欢的地方是山上一个被树木和青草环绕的地方，故填A hill/A spot on a hill surrounded by trees and soft green grass. 2．根据“I’m in a spaceship, with artificial light, metal floors and narrow rooms—nothing like the green hills and trees I once knew. The peaceful breeze is replaced by the noise of machines. The long journey to Mars is lonely.”可知，作者在飞船里感觉不舒服，故填No, he/she doesn’t. 3．根据“The long journey to Mars is lonely. That’s why I need some virtual (虚拟的) activities to stay calm.”可知，作者需要虚拟活动是因为火星之旅漫长且孤独，以此保持平静，故填Because the long journey to Mars is lonely and he/she needs to stay calm./Because he/she needs to stay calm during the long and lonely journey to Mars. 4．根据“The long journey to Mars is lonely.”和“If we reach Mars, we should do more than just build shelters”可知，“人类最伟大的使命”指的是前往火星的旅程并定居在那里，故填It refers to “travelling to and settling on Mars”. 5．根据“If we reach Mars, we should do more than just build shelters—we must protect nature there, just as we should have done on Earth.”可知，作者认为人类到达火星后不仅要建庇护所，还要保护那里的自然，故填The writer believes humans should do more than just build shelters and should protect nature on Mars. 6．Any reasonable answer is ok. Answer Example: I would want a virtual place. That’s a quiet library filled with my favorite books and a small garden with flowers. Because books and nature remind me of the curiosity and love for beauty that make me human. Such a place would help me feel connected to my emotions and memories, just like the hill does for the writer, even when I’m far away in space./I would want a virtual version of my hometown’s park. It has a lake where I used to feed ducks and a tree I climbed as a kid. This place is important because it holds my childhood memories and makes me feel connected to who I am, even in space. 组合套餐03 Passage 1 Choose the best answer (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案) When a new cell phone starts to be sold in stores, many people rush out to buy one. We all want the newest, latest thing. But what should we do with our old cell phones? Mike Townsend works at Total Recall, a cell phone recycling company. “Don’t throw your old phone away. Send it to us and we’ll recycle it,” he says. “ If you throw it away, it goes with other rubbish to become landfill. In other words, it is put in a big hole in the ground—and it becomes a big problem.” Cell phones contain some toxic materials (有毒物质), like lead, mercury and cadmium. If your phone goes to a landfill, these toxic materials can get out and get into the water under the ground. That’s the water we want to drink or the water that goes into rivers or the ocean. Millions of cell phones are thrown away every year. “At Total Recall, we take the old phones apart. Most of the materials in a cell phone can be recycled and used again,” explains Mike. “We sell the parts and they are used to make new products. For example, phone batteries contain nickel and cadmium. The nickel is used to make steel, and the cadmium can be used to make new batteries. The plastic cases of the phones are made into plastic fence posts.” Mike says recycling your old phone is easy. “You can usually take it into a cell phone shop and they’ll send it to us.” So, before you throw your old cell phone away, use it one last time: search for a cell phone recycling company near you and give them a call. 1．Total Recall is a company which ________. A．sells new cell phones B．recycles old cell phones C．repairs old cell phones D．produces new cell phones 2．The underlined word landfill in the second paragraph probably means “________”. A．an area of land where large amounts of rubbish are buried B．an area of land that is higher than the land around it C．something used for filling holes D．something added to soil to make plants grow fast 3．What will happen if the old cell phones go to a landfill? A．They will make a big hole in the ground and cause a big problem. B．A cell phone company will reuse them again. C．They will be used to make new products in a short time. D．Toxic materials will come out and get into the water under the ground. 4．According to the passage, most of the materials can be recycled except ________. A．cadmium B．mercury C．plastic cases D．nickel 5．The right ways to deal with the old cell phones are to ________. ① break the old phones into pieces    ② take them into a cell phone shop ③ throw them with other rubbish    ④ call for a cell phone recycling company A．① ② B．② ③ C．① ④ D．② ④ 6．Which is the best title for the passage above? A．Don’t use old cell phones B．Take care of old cell phones C．New lives of old cell phones D．Changes of old cell phones 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．D 6．C 【导语】本文介绍了扔掉旧手机的危害以及如何处理旧手机。 1．细节理解题。根据“Mike Townsend works at Total Recall, a cell phone recycling company. ”可知，Total Recall是一家回收旧手机的公司。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“In other words, it is put in a big hole in the ground”可知，如果你把手机扔掉，它就会和其他垃圾放在地上的一个大洞里，这就是掩埋大量垃圾的地方。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“If your phone goes to a landfill, these toxic materials can get out and get into the water under the ground. ”可知，如果你的手机被扔进垃圾填埋场，这些有毒物质可能会流出并进入地下的水中。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“For example, phone batteries contain nickel and cadmium. The nickel is used to make steel, and the cadmium can be used to make new batteries. The plastic cases of the phones are made into plastic fence posts.”可知，镍和镉以及塑料外壳都可以被回收，但是汞不可以，故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“You can usually take it into a cell phone shop and they’ll send it to us.”和“So, before you throw your old cell phone away, use it one last time: search for a cell phone recycling company near you and give them a call.”可知，可以把手机带去手机店或者打电话给手机回收公司。故选D。 6．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了扔掉旧手机的危害以及如何处理旧手机，所以C选项“旧手机的新生活”最恰当，故选C。 Passage 2 Should fireworks be banned (禁止)? People like to celebrate special occasions with fireworks. However, although they can be fun to watch, fireworks can be dangerous if not used correctly. Some people want them banned altogether, whereas others think there should be stricter rules about when and where they can be used. What do you think, should fireworks be banned? Yes— they’re dangerous and 1 Fireworks are explosive and dangerous in the wrong hands, They can cause injuries, like burn. Not everyone loves fireworks. The bangs (突然的巨啊) can be really frightening for people with anxiety. The sound of rockets can also make wildlife, farm animals and pets 2 with fear for a long time. Besides, fireworks cause plastic pollution and they can produce gases that lead to climate change. They are bad for the 3 . It’s better to celebrate without a bang. No—they’re too important to people Many people find fireworks beautiful and exciting to watch, as they fill 4 skies with sparkles (闪烁的光) at night. They’re also an important part of celebrations around the world. 5 , they’re used during Kiwali, a festival celebrated by many religions, at Independence Day celebrations for Americans; and during Lunar New Year by many Asian cultures. Many businesses that make or sell fireworks would have to 6 if fireworks were made illegal (非法的). Anyway, there’s no need for a total fireworks ban. The SPCA, a UK animal charity, wants laws changed to make fireworks quieter, with controls on when and where they can be bought and set off. 1．A．changeable B．polluting C．powerful D．special 2．A．touch B．wave C．shake D．unite 3．A．performance B．celebration C．education D．environment 4．A．dark B．blue C．bright D．clear 5．A．In addition B．After all C．For example D．Above all 6．A．lie down B．close down C．cut down D．turn down 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，探讨了是否应该禁止燃放烟花。 1．句意：是的——它们既危险又污染环境。 changeable可变的；polluting污染的；powerful有力量的；special特殊的。根据“What do you think, should fireworks be banned?”和“Yes—they’re dangerous and ...”可知，此处表示禁止燃放烟花爆竹的原因，polluting“污染的”符合语境。故选B。 2．句意：火箭的声音也会使野生动物、农场动物和宠物长时间感到恐惧而瑟瑟发抖。 touch触摸；wave挥舞，挥动；shake颤抖；unite团结。根据“...with fear for a long time”可知，此处表示巨大的声响会让动物们因恐惧而颤抖，shake符合语境。故选C。 3．句意：烟花有害于环境。 performance表演；celebration庆祝；education教育；environment环境。根据“Fireworks cause plastic pollution and they can produce gases that lead to climate change.”可知，烟花会造成塑料污染，排放气体导致气候变化，因此此处应该是烟花对环境有害处。故选D。 4．句意：许多人认为烟花美丽且令人兴奋，因为它们在夜间使黑暗的天空闪烁着光芒。 dark黑暗的；blue蓝色的；bright明亮的；clear清晰的。根据“...skies with sparkles (闪亮的) lights at night”可知，天空在晚上是黑暗的。故选A。 5．句意：例如：它们在许多宗教庆祝的基瓦利节期间以及美国人的独立日庆祝活动中使用；以及许多亚洲文化的农历新年期间。 In addition除此以外；After all毕竟；For example例如；Above all以上。根据“They’re also an important part of celebrations around the world.”可知，下文是对上文中的庆祝活动进行举例说明。故选C。 6．句意：如果烟花被定为非法，很多制造或销售烟花的企业都必须关闭。 lie down躺下；close down关闭，指关闭工厂、商店等；cut down砍到；turn down关闭，指关闭家用电器等。根据“...if fireworks were made illegal (非法的). ”可知，如果禁止燃放烟花，那么导致的结果就是生产和销售烟花的企业倒闭。故选B。 Passage 3 Answer the questions. (根据短文内容回答问题) Do you know where your food comes from? How far do the milk, apples, coffee beans and other items you eat travel to reach you? What we eat shapes us. But the decisions we make on what we eat can also shape the world around us. Starting to check your food miles is an important step to saving the Earth. Food miles refer to the distance your food travels before it reaches you. From farm to fork, the shorter the distance, the better the food will be for your health and the environment. Food miles are a rather modern idea. Throughout most of human history, people have eaten food grown locally. But over the past few decades (十年), the world has become highly connected. We have become used to having a wide range of global foods. We buy tropical fruits rather than those grown in our local climate. We expect fresh, green products (尤指农产品) even when there is snow on the ground. When we calculate food miles, we shouldn’t just think about the exact number of miles. It depends on many factors (因素), such as how damaging these miles can be. For one thing, the mode of transportation is important. Air travel, for example, allows food to travel quickly. However, this speedy delivery system causes a carbon footprint about 50 times bigger than that of the much slower transportation of food by sea. Working out the environmental cost of what we eat can be hard. The simple truth is that most of us can do far better than what we do now. Whenever you can, buy food from local farmers and eat in-season fruits and vegetables. 1．People have been talking about food miles for the past few centuries, haven’t they? 2．According to the author, what are food miles? 3．What examples did the author use to show people’s habit of buying global food?  (Give 1 example.) 4．What are the advantage and disadvantage of transporting food by air? 5．According to the author, how can we reduce our food miles? 6．Apart from the author’s suggestions, what do you think we can do to reduce our food miles? (Give at least 2 examples.) 【答案】1．No, they haven’t. 2．The distance your food travels before it reaches you. 3．Buying tropical fruits rather than those grown in our local climate. 4．The advantage is that it allows food to travel quickly. And the disadvantage is that it causes a carbon footprint about 50 times bigger than that of the much slower transportation of food by sea. 5．We can reduce our food miles by buying food from local farmers and eating in-season fruits and vegetables. 6．We can eat less imported food and grow vegetables at home. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了“食物里程”的概念及其对环境的影响，并提出了减少食物里程的建议。 1．根据第三段“Food miles are a rather modern idea.”可知，食物里程这一理念属于现代产物，并非过去几个世纪就存在。故填No, they haven’t. 2．根据第二段“Food miles refer to the distance your food travels before it reaches you.”可知，食物里程指的是食物从产地到消费者手中的运输距离。故填The distance your food travels before it reaches you. 3．根据第三段“We buy tropical fruits rather than those grown in our local climate.”可知，作者用购买热带水果的例子来说明人们购买全球食物的习惯。故填Buying tropical fruits rather than those grown in our local climate. 4．根据第四段“Air travel, for example, allows food to travel quickly. However, this speedy delivery system causes a carbon footprint about 50 times bigger than that of the much slower transportation of food by sea.”可知，航空运输的优势是快速，劣势是碳足迹约为海运的50倍。故填The advantage is that it allows food to travel quickly. And the disadvantage is that it causes a carbon footprint about 50 times bigger than that of the much slower transportation of food by sea. 5．根据最后一段“Whenever you can, buy food from local farmers and eat in-season fruits and vegetables.”可知，作者建议通过购买本地食物和食用当季水果蔬果来减少食物里程。故填We can reduce our food miles by buying food from local farmers and eating in-season fruits and vegetables. 6．开放性作答，结合实际情况，言之成理即可。参考答案为We can eat less imported food and grow vegetables at home. 11 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $