UNIT 2 Section Ⅲ Extended reading & Project & Assessment（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册（译林版）

本讲义围绕“太空探索”主题，系统梳理基础词汇（如shuttle, hydrogen）、拓展词汇（如origin→original→originally派生词链）、重点短语（如land on, long to do）及核心句型（如强调句、as引导的非限制性定语从句），通过语篇阅读理解（段落大意匹配、细节填空等）构建从词汇到语篇的学习支架，帮助学生逐层掌握语言知识与主题意义。 资料亮点在于词汇分层拓展（派生词链强化语言能力）、语篇练习设计（段落逻辑匹配提升思维品质）及“即学活用”模块（语法填空、翻译巩固学习能力），课中辅助教师实施分层教学，课后助力学生通过词汇表与练习查漏补缺，深化主题理解与语言应用。

Section Ⅲ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment Ⅰ.重点单词 基础单词 1．purse n. 资金，财源；钱包 2．tale n. 故事；讲述，叙述 3．shuttle n. 航天飞机；来往于两地之间的航班(或班车、火车)vi. 频繁往来(于两地之间) 4．hydrogen n. 氢，氢气 5．rocket n. 火箭；火箭武器 6．coverage n. 新闻报道；覆盖范围；信息范围 7．incredibly adv. 极其，极端地；令人难以置信 8．shelter n. 居所，住处；庇护vt. 保护，掩蔽vi. 躲避 9．nuclear adj. 核能的，原子能的；核武器的 拓展词汇 10．origin n. 起源，起因；出身→original adj.原先的，起初的，新颖的→originally adv. 起初地，原来地 11．frequency n. 发生率，出现率；频繁；频率→frequent adj. 频繁的， 经常性的→frequently adv. 频繁地 12．motive n. 原因，动机，目的→motivate v. 激励，促进，激发→motivation n. 动力 诱因 13．investment n. 投资；投入→invest v. 投资 14．calculate vt. 计算，核算；预测→calculation n. 计算，估算 15．mechanic n. 机械师，技工→mechanical adj. 机械的 16．assistant n. 助理；售货员；助教adj. 助理的，副的→assist v. 帮助，协助→assistance n. 帮助，援助 17．dust n. 沙土，尘土；灰尘，尘埃→dusty adj.满是灰尘的 18．constant adj. 固定的，不变的；连续发生的，重复的→constantly adv. 总是 经常地 不断地 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．land on 登陆；降落于 2．long to do 渴望做某事 3．desire to do 渴望做某事 4．make sense of 理解；了解清楚 5．wonder about 想知道 6．be curious about 对……感到好奇 7．motivate sb to do sth 激励某人做某事 8．address questions 解决问题 9．go far beyond 远远超过 10．by far 到目前为止 11．be caught in 被困住；绊住 12．be bathed in 沉浸于；沐浴于 13．meet one's needs 满足某人的要求 14．the insight into sth 对某事的深刻理解；洞察 Ⅲ.重点句型 1．It was in May that you can see this kind of flower. 你在五月可以看到这种花。 2．Internet makes our life easy and convenient. 因特网使我们的生活更加轻松方便。 3．Radiation levels on the surface of Mars are two and a half times higher than those on the International Space Station. 火星表面的辐射水平是国际空间站辐射的2.5倍。 4．He forgot to bring his pen with him, as was often the case. 他忘了带笔，这是常事。 Ⅰ.Match the main idea with each paragraph. A．It is human's nature to explore. B．Why human beings continue to explore space. C．The space industry brings great economic value. D．Exploring space improves people's understanding of the universe. E．Technologies used for space exploration make our lives safer and easier. F．Exploring space provides education and inspiration for the next generation. Paragraph 1 　Paragraph 2 Paragraph 3 　Paragraph 4 Paragraph 5 　Paragraph 6 答案　Paragraphs 1—6　BADECF Ⅱ. Read the text carefully and choose the best answers. 1．Why Neil Armstrong's first landing on the Moon is mentioned in the first paragraph? A．To lead to the topic of the passage. B．To show the difficulties in space exploration. C．To show the fast development of science and technology. D．To inform readers of some facts about space exploration. 2．What do Stephen Hawking's words in Paragraph 2 want to stress? A．The importance of space exploration. B．The importance of looking up at the stars. C．The importance of sending people to space. D．The importance of being curious about the unknown. 3．Which word(s) has the similar meaning to the word “address” in Paragraph 3? A．Ask. B．Deal with. C．Write letters to. D．Give a speech. 4．Which of the following jobs is NOT support staff on the ground? A．Engineers. B．Astronauts. C．Mechanics. D．Research assistants. 答案　1—4　ADBB Ⅲ.Master the key content of the text. Paragraph 1 Space exploration is extremely difficult and 1.dangerous, can take a very long time and costs a huge amount of money. Paragraph 2 Our 2.curiosity about the unknown has kept us adventuring into new places. Paragraph 3 Exploring space helps address fundamental questions about our place in the universe and the 3.history of our solar system. Paragraph 4 Shock absorbers originally applied to the space shuttle launch have been set up in the cities with a high frequency of 4.earthquakes. Hydrogen fuel cell 5.vehicles will be mass­produced and launched in the near future. Paragraph 5 The global space economy is increasing by 6.billions of dollars every year. Space exploration can provide a variety of 7.career opportunities for young people. Paragraph 6 Inspiration provided by space exploration keeps our 8.thirst for knowledge alive. Ⅳ.Fill in the blanks using the proper words according to the text. Why we explore When Neil Aimstrong first 1.landed (land) on the Moon in 1969, many people thought that soon we would be regularly visiting other planets in our solar system. However, the reality is that space exploration is 2.extremely (extreme) difficult and dangerous, can take a very long time and costs a huge amount of money. Why do we continue to explore space, then? It is in our nature 3.to explore (explore). From the very early days of human life on the Earth, our curiosity about the unknown has kept us 4.adventuring (adventure) into new places. The results of these space investigations have made major contributions 5.to an understanding of the origin, evolution, and likely future of the universe. 6. It is through our research into space that we have confirmed that the Earth is round and that it orbits the Sun. As we learn more about the universe, we may one day answer the question 7. whether there is life on other planets. With technologies first researched and 8.developed (develop) for space exploration, we can solve some of the big problems facing mankind, making our lives safer and easier. Although space exploration demands huge investment, the space industry can actually bring great 9. economic (economy) value. Moreover, the amazing work these people do can provide education and 10.inspiration (inspire) for the next generation. [核心词汇·练透] make contributions to对……做出贡献 (1)contribution n．捐献；贡献 make contributions to＝make a contribution to 对……做出贡献 (2)contribute v. 捐献；贡献 contribute to 促成，有助于；给……投稿 contribute sth to... 把某物捐献给…… As students, we should make contributions to saving resources and protecting our environment. 作为学生，我们应该为节约资源和保护环境做出贡献。 [名师点津]　contribute sth to...，contribute to, make a contribution/contributions to中的to均为介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①The Chinese people have made great contributions (contribute) to the world peace. ②More and more carbon dioxide is being released into the air, contributing (contribute) to the more severe global warming effects. 完成句子 ③I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world. 我相信我们每一个人都能够对世界的未来有所贡献。 ④I am firmly convinced of the significance of honesty, which will contribute to building a warm and harmonious society. 我坚信诚实的重要性，它有助于建立一个温暖、和谐的社会。 ⑤I admire Edison a lot because he made great contributions to the world. 我很钦佩爱迪生，因为他对世界做出了巨大的贡献。 origin n．起源，起因；出身 (1)originate v．发源于，开端于 originate from 来自；源于 originate in 归因于；产生于 (2)original adj. 原来的；独创的；原作的 n. 原件；原作 originally adv. 原先，最初 It is originally thought to be a plant of Africa, but no one knows exactly the origin of this plant, because we don't have any original material about it. 它最初被认为是非洲的一种植物，但没有人确切知道这种植物的起源，因为我们没有关于它的任何原始材料。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①According to the original (origin) design, the plant would be able to bring about at least 8,000 pianos a year. ②Originally (original), we had intended to go to Italy, but then we won the trip to Greece. 完成句子 ③Theories originate from practice and in turn serve practice. 理论来源于实践，反过来为实践服务。 ④Chopsticks, which symbolize unity and teamwork, are believed to have originated in ancient China. 筷子，象征着团结和团队精神，被认为起源于古代中国。 ⑤It is worthwhile to read the original work if we want to know as many great works of literature as we can. 如果我们想尽可能多地了解伟大的文学作品，阅读原著是值得的。 calculate vt.计算，核算；预测 (1)calculate that/wh­clause计算……；预测…… calculate on/upon 依靠；依赖；期待；指望 be calculated to do sth 故意做/打算做/可能做某事 It is calculated that... 据预测…… (2)calculation n. 计算；估计；预测 A carbon footprint is calculated by the amount of greenhouse gas we produce in our daily lives. 碳足迹是根据我们日常生活中产生的温室气体量来计算的。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①We've been calculating upon/on his coming in time. ②This advertisement is calculated to attract (attract) the attention of housewives. ③Laboratory work needs not only accurate measurements but also correct calculation (calculate)． 完成句子 ④Have you calculated what a holiday in France would cost? 你计算过去法国度假的开销有多大吗？ ⑤He has calculated that it would take him two years to save up enough for a car. 他计算出要花两年的时间才能攒够钱买一辆车。 assistant n．助理；售货员；助教 adj.助理的，副的 (1)assist v．帮助；协助；援助 assist sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事 assist sb with sth 帮助某人某事 assist sb in doing sth 帮助某人做某事 (2)assistance n. 帮助；协助 come to one's assistance 援助某人 Tom is an assistant teacher in the college. He often assists the students with their problems and gives assistance to any student in need. 汤姆是这所大学的助教。他经常帮助学生解决他们的问题，并帮助任何需要帮助的学生。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①With the assistance (assist) of his teacher, he gradually adjusted to the school life. ②Mary was chosen as an assistant (assist) to help Mr Brown finish his research. 一句多译 ③在我的日常生活中，我认为帮助母亲做家务是我的责任。 a．In my daily life，I think it is my duty to assist my mother with the housework. b．In my daily life，I think it is my duty to assist my mother to do the housework. c．In my daily life，I think it is my duty to assist my mother in doing the housework. [重点句型·通关] As Stephen Hawking once said, “Remember to look up at the stars and not down at your feet...” 正如斯蒂芬·霍金曾经说过，“记住要仰望星空，而不是低头看脚下……” [句式分析] as sb once said“正如某人曾经说过”，as在此引导非限制性定语从句，代指整个主句。 (1)as引导非限制性定语从句时，有“正如；正像”之意，代指整个主句的内容，常放于主句之前，有时也可放在主句之后或主句之中。常见的结构有： as you can see　正如你能看见的 as we have expected　正如我们所预料的那样 as is mentioned above　正如上面所提到的 as is well­known/as we all know　众所周知 as is often the case　情况总是如此 as is reported　正如所报道的那样 as the saying goes　正如谚语所说 (2)as引导限制性定语从句时，先行词常被the same, such，so等修饰。 (3)在such...as...中，as引导限制性定语从句，而such...that...中，that引导结果状语从句。 [名师点津]　(1)与as不同，which引导的非限制性定语从句通常放在主句之后，意为“这一点”。 (2)在such...as...定语从句中，as在从句中作宾语。 (3)在such...that...状语从句中，that不作任何成分。 [即学活用] 完成句子 ①As is known to us, the earth moves around the sun. 众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。 ②He was late for class, as is often the case. 他上课迟到了，情况经常这样。 ③The air quality in the city, as is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months. 正如报告所显示的，在过去的两个月里，这个城市的空气质量已有所改善。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．The Qingming Festival then became an important holiday from an originally (origin) simple farming day. 2．In addition to new words like“contactless delivery”， the frequency (frequent) of words like “cheer up” and “want to see you” was significantly higher in 2020 than in 2019. 3．China's favorable growth prospects and further opening­up policies are key factors that attract foreign direct investment (invest)． 4．The calculation (calculate) of the number of days in a year is based on the amount of time it takes the Earth to orbit the Sun. 5．Now a special TV network gives live coverage (cover) of most races. 6．I am busy at the moment; I'll get one of the assistants (assist) to see to you. 7．Frontline workers risk their own health to save people, which is incredibly (incredible) respectable. 8．Studying its atmosphere could help to explain how Mars became the barren, dusty (dust) place it is today. 9．The city's bomb shelters (shelter) were being built for possible air raids. 10．Awareness of the health effects of loneliness is constantly (constant) increasing. Ⅱ.翻译句子 1．我叔叔市中心房子的价格比我们房子的价格贵两倍。(倍数表达法) My uncle's house in the downtown area is twice more expensive than ours. 2．那对老夫妇常常晚饭后在公园散步，他们的宠物狗跟着他们。(with复合结构) The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog following them. 3．据估算，这次地震造成的经济损失达几十亿元。 (It's＋v.­ed＋that...) It's calculated that the economic losses caused by the earthquake amount to several billion yuan. 4．可以预料到，他可能会反对这个提议。(as引导非限制性定语从句) As can be expected, he is likely to be opposed to the proposal. 5．在当地导游的帮助下，登山者获救了。(强调句型) It was with the help of the local guide that the mountain climber was rescued. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $