UNIT 3 Back to the past 单元达标检测（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册（译林版）

[本卷满分120分，考试用时100分钟] 第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Today, environmental problems have taken over as the greatest risk to life on Earth. Scientists are thinking of ways to lower this risk, such as replacing coal and oil with forms of renewable energy. But they are also preparing for the worst: what is our Plan B for Earth? One option is to explore other planets to see if we could live on them. The most likely choice is Mars, which is relatively close to Earth. Mars has fascinated people since ancient times. Since the 1960s, we have been sending unmanned spacecraft to Mars. Our probes (探测器) have orbited the planet, sending back valuable data and stunning images. Our robots have explored the Martian surface, testing the soil and searching for resources, water and signs of life. Encouraged by discoveries over the year, space agencies of various countries are panning manned missions to Mars that could take place within the next 25 years. No doubt that humankind is drawn towards Mars, with dreams of making it our second home. However, sending people there will require all the skill, courage and intelligence of the human race. While the Moon can be reached within days, it would take months to reach Mars, travelling through dangerous solar radiation (辐射). And even if the first settlers do reach Mars safely, they may not be able to return to Earth ever. Staying alive will be a daily challenge, but as proved by the Biosphere 2 experiment, not impossible. Although the two­year experiment was not a success, it did provide us with a better understanding of how humans might be able to live on another planet. More recently, scientists have succeeded in growing a variety of plants in an environment similar to that on Mars. That definitely is a big step forward. For now, human settlement of Mars is still decades away. Until we are finally able to live on another planet, we need to take much better care of our own. Right now, it's the only one we have! [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要是讲寻找行星作为人类的第二家园，尤其讲了火星的探索进程和定居火星存在的困难。 1．Plan B for Earth is aimed at . A．developing renewable energy resources B．seeking planets for humans' second home C．reducing the environmental risk to life on Earth D．finding the best location of conducting space missions 解析　B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“One option is to explore other planets to see if we could live on them. (一种选择是探索其他行星，看看我们是否能在上面生活。)”可知，地球的B计划旨在寻找行星作为人类的第二家园。故选B。 2．Which of the following is NOT a reason why the settlement of Mars is difficult? A．It is very challenging to survive on Mars. B．The journey to Mars might be quite long and risky. C．There has been no great progress in studying Mars yet. D．Humans haven't fully understood how they might live on Mars. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“While the Moon can be reached within days, it would take months to reach Mars, travelling through dangerous solar radiation (辐射). And even if the first settlers do reach Mars safely, they may not be able to return to Earth ever. Staying alive will be a daily challenge, but as proved by the Biosphere 2 experiment, not impossible. Although the two­year experiment was not a success, it did provide us with a better understanding of how humans might be able to live on another planet. (虽然可以在几天内到达月球，但要到达火星则需要几个月的时间，要穿过危险的太阳辐射。即使第一批定居者安全抵达火星，他们也可能永远无法返回地球。要想活下来每天都是一项挑战，但正如生物圈2号实验证明的那样，并非不可能。尽管这两年的实验并不成功，但它确实让我们更好地了解人类如何能够在另一个星球上生活。)”可知，选项A，选项B和选项D都是在火星定居很困难的原因。根据第三段最后一句“That definitely is a big step forward. (这绝对是一个很大的进步。)”可知，选项C“在研究火星方面还没有大的进展”错误。故选C。 3．In which magazine would you most likely read this text? A．The Traveller B．All About Space C．Biology for Fun D．Environmental Concerns 解析　B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“One option is to explore other planets to see if we could live on them. The most likely choice is Mars, which is relatively close to Earth. (一种选择是探索其他行星，看看我们是否能在上面生活。最有可能的选择是火星，因为它离地球相对较近。)”可知，文章主要是讲寻找行星作为人类的第二家园，尤其讲了火星的探索进程和定居火星存在的困难，太空科技类文章，所以这篇文章最有可能出现在杂志“All About Space”上。故选B。 B In the waves of human exploration into space, our brave Chinese people have never stopped the pace of advancing. In just half a century, China has made remarkable space exploration success. After landing probes (探测器) on the lunar and Martian surfaces, China has begun to set its exploratory sights on the core of our solar system—the sun. Named Xihe after the sun goddess in ancient Chinese mythology, the 500­kilogram Chinese H­Alpha Solar Explorer satellite was launched on Oct. 14 from the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center in Shanxi province. The spacecraft is China's first space­based solar telescope and is designed to work for at least three years, Wang Wei, project manager of the satellite, told China Daily. The H­alpha band is one of the best spectral (光谱的) lines to study solar activity, according to the Global Times. “The instrument is able to observe and record changes in the sun's physical elements like its temperature and speed, facilitating scientists' studies about the dynamics and physics during a solar eruption，” Wang told China Daily. Several Chinese satellites, such as the Fengyun 3E meteorological satellite, have carried equipment that can collect solar data, but Xihe is the first one intended for solar observation. “Since solar activity has many effects on life on Earth, it is important for mankind to study the sun，” Zhao Jian, a senior official at the China National Space Administration, told China Daily. Since the 1960s, NASA has sent dozens of solar orbiters to circle the sun, and in 2004, the Genesis spacecraft returned a sample of solar wind. The most recently launched solar mission was Parker Solar Probe in 2018.Europe and Japan also have solar missions, according to the South China Morning Post. “Our country is ranked No. 2 in the world in terms of published research papers on solar observations, but all of the satellite­generated data used by our scientists are from foreign spacecraft，” Zhao told China Daily. “Xihe will put an end to the dependence on foreign satellites, and we will share its products with researchers around the world.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述在人类探索太空的浪潮中，勇敢的中国人民从未停止前进的步伐。在月球和火星表面着陆探测器后，中国开始将其探测目标放在我们太阳系的核心——太阳上。10月14日，中国H­Alpha太阳探测卫星在山西省太原卫星发射中心发射升空。 4．What do we know about Xihe? A．It is expected to work for five years. B．It is a half­ton scientific research satellite. C．It is named after an ancient Chinese scientist. D．It is the world's first solar observation satellite. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据第二段“Named Xihe after the sun goddess in ancient Chinese mythology, the 500­kilogram Chinese H­Alpha Solar Explorer satellite was launched on Oct. 14 from the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center in Shanxi province.(10月14日，这颗重达500公斤的中国H­Alpha太阳探测卫星在山西省太原卫星发射中心发射升空，以中国古代神话中的太阳女神命名为‘羲和’。)”可知，这颗太阳探测器重达500公斤，也就是半吨，它以中国古代神话中的太阳女神命名为“羲和”，在山西省太原卫星发射中心发射升空，“羲和”是一颗半吨重的科学研究卫星。故选B。 5．What is the main task of Xihe according to the text? A．To observe other satellites around the sun. B．To adjust the temperature and speed of the sun. C．To study how solar activity affects life on Earth. D．To monitor changes in the sun's physical elements. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第四段“‘The instrument is able to observe and record changes in the sun's physical elements like its temperature and speed, facilitating scientists' studies about the dynamics and physics during a solar eruption，’ Wang told China Daily.(‘该仪器能够观察和记录太阳物理元素的变化，如温度和速度，有助于科学家研究太阳喷发期间的动力学和物理，’王告诉《中国日报》。)”可知，这颗探测卫星的任务是观察和记录太阳物理元素的变化。故选D。 6．Why is it essential to do research on the sun? A．It helps scientists learn more about solar history. B．Solar eruptions may bring human beings disasters. C．Our reliance on foreign satellites will come to an end. D．Creatures on Earth are greatly affected by solar activity. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第六段“‘Since solar activity has many effects on life on Earth, it is important for mankind to study the sun，’ Zhao Jian, a senior official at the China National Space Administration, told China Daily.(中国国家航天局高级官员赵健告诉《中国日报》：‘由于太阳活动对地球上的生命有许多影响，所以研究太阳对人类来说很重要。’)”可知，因为太阳活动对地球上的生命影响很多，所以要去研究太阳。故选D。 7．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A．The advantages of the Xihe satellite. B．The significance of the Xihe mission. C．The history of China's space exploration. D．The ways satellite­generated data are collected. 解析　B　主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Xihe will put an end to the dependence on foreign satellites, and we will share its products with researchers around the world.(羲和将结束对外国卫星的依赖，我们将与世界各地的研究人员分享其产品。)”可知，本段主要告诉读者羲和探测器在我国的航天事业上有着重大的意义。故选B。 C A demonstration mission to test an idea of cleaning up space junk was launched this morning in Kazakhstan. Known as ELSA­D, the mission will exhibit technology that can help deal with space junk. The spacecraft works by attempting to attach itself to dead satellites and pushing them toward the Earth to burn up in the atmosphere. ELSA­D, which stands for End­of­life Services by Astroscale, will be carried out by a “servicer spacecraft” and a “client satellite” that are launched together, according to Astroscale, spacecraft will release and try to meet with the client satellite, which will act as a piece of space junk. The mission will carry out this catch­and­release process repeatedly over the course of six months. The goal is to prove the servicer's ability to track down and dock with its target in varying levels of complexity. However, the spacecraft is not designed to deal with dead satellites already in orbit, but rather future satellites that would be launched with docking plates on them. Space junk has been a growing problem for years. According to a recent report by NASA, at least 26,000 of the millions of pieces of space junk are the size of a softball. Orbiting along at 17,500mph, they could destroy a satellite. And the most common space junk, more than 100 million pieces, is the size of a grain of salt and could make holes in a spacesuit, amplifying risk to spacecraft and crew. The development of other cleanup technologies has been underway for years. In 2016, Japan's space agency sent a 700­meter chain into space to try to slow down and redirect space junk. In 2018, a device called RemoveDebris successfully cast a net around a large piece of space junk. These efforts could prove increasingly important as private space projects like SpaceX continue to fill low Earth orbit in a messy way. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种清理太空垃圾的新方法。 8．How will the servicer spacecraft function? A．By breaking space junk into pieces. B．By pushing space junk towards the Earth. C．By adding docking plates to client satellites. D．By drawing dead satellites away from the Earth. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“The spacecraft works by attempting to attach itself to dead satellites and pushing them toward the Earth to burn up in the atmosphere.(航天器的工作原理是试图将自己连接到死卫星上，并将它们推向地球，在大气层中烧毁。)”可知，服务者航天器通过将自己连接到死卫星等太空垃圾上，并将它们推向地球，在大气层中烧毁来清理太空垃圾，由此可知，服务者航天器通过将太空垃圾推向地球来发挥作用。故选B。 9．What kind of space junk will the servicer mainly deal with? A．Dead satellites in orbit. B．Large pieces of space junk. C．Satellites to be launched with docking plates. D．Space junk around working satellites in a messy way. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“However, the spacecraft is not designed to deal with dead satellites already in orbit, but rather future satellites that would be launched with docking plates on them.(然而，该航天器的设计目的并不是为了处理已经在轨道上的死卫星，而是为了处理未来发射的带有对接板的卫星。)”可知，服务者航天器的设计目的主要是为了处理未来发射的带有对接板的卫星，由此可知，服务者将主要处理的太空垃圾是未来发射的带有对接板的卫星。故选C。 10．Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “amplifying” in Paragraph 4? A．increasing B．removing C．examining D．transporting 解析　A　词义猜测题。根据画线单词句中“And the most common space junk, more than 100 million pieces, is the size of a grain of salt and could make holes in a spacesuit(而最常见的太空垃圾超过1亿件，只有一粒盐那么大，可以在宇航服上打洞)”可知，常见的太空垃圾很多，有一粒盐那么大，可以在宇航服上打洞，由此可知，太空垃圾可以在宇航服上打洞，这无疑增加了航天器和宇航员的风险，“increasing”意为“增加”，能够代替画线单词在句中所要表达的意思。故选A。 11．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Space research is becoming important. B．The function of artificial satellites is various. C．It's necessary to conduct the clear­up mission. D．SpaceX plays an important role in sending satellites. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“The development of other cleanup technologies has been underway for years.(其他清洁技术的开发已经进行了多年。)”和“These efforts could prove increasingly important as private space projects like SpaceX continue to fill low Earth orbit in a messy way.(随着SpaceX等私人空间项目继续以混乱的方式填满近地轨道，这些努力可能会变得越来越重要。)”可知，太空清洁技术的开发已经进行了多年，并且随着私人空间项目以混乱的方式填满近地轨道，太空清洁会变得越来越重要，由此可知，从最后一段我们能推断出有必要执行太空清理任务。故选C。 D NASA has flown an aircraft on another planet for the first time. On Monday, April 19, Ingenuity, a 1.8­kilogram drone (无人机) helicopter, took off from the surface of Mars, flew up about three meters, then hovered for 40 seconds and took photos above with one of its two cameras. The historic moment was live­streamed on YouTube. “We can now say that human beings have flown a drone helicopter on another planet，” said MiMi Aung, the Ingenuity Mars Helicopter project manager at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, at a press conference. “We, together, flew at Mars, and we, together, now have our Wright brothers moment，” she added, referring to the first powered airplane flight on Earth in 1903. The details: The flight was a significant technical challenge, thanks to Mars's bone­chilling temperatures (nights can drop down to －130 °F / －90 °C) and its incredibly thin atmosphere—just 1% the density of Earth's. That meant Ingenuity had to be light, with rotor blades (螺旋桨) that were bigger and faster than would be needed to achieve liftoff on Earth (although the gravity on Mars, which is only about one­third of Earth's, worked in its favor). The flight had originally been scheduled to take place on April 11 but was delayed by software issues. Why it's significant: Beyond being a significant milestone for Mars exploration, the flight will also pave the way for engineers to think about new ways to explore other planets. Future drone helicopters could help astronauts by scoping out locations, exploring inaccessible areas, and capturing images. Ingenuity will also help inform the design of Dragonfly, a car­size drone that NASA is planning to send to Saturn's moon Titan in 2027. What's next: In the next few weeks, Ingenuity will conduct four more flights, each lasting up to 90 seconds. Each one is designed to further push the limits of Ingenuity's capabilities. Ingenuity is only designed to last for 30 Martian days, and is expected to stop functioning around May 4.Its final resting place will be in the Jezero Crater as NASA moves on to the main focus of its mission: Getting the Perseverance rover (毅力号火星探测器) to study Mars for evidence of life. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍人类第一部火星飞行无人机的相关细节、重要意义以及后续的探索计划。 12．Why does MiMi Aung mention Wright brothers? A．To honor the historic contribution of Wright brothers. B．To make a comparison between Wright brothers and herself. C．To highlight the importance of Ingenuity's Martian exploration. D．To remind the public of the first powered airplane flight on Earth. 解析　C　推理推断题。由第一段中的“‘We can now say that human beings have flown a drone helicopter on another planet，’ said MiMi Aung, the Ingenuity Mars Helicopter project manager at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, at a press conference. ‘We, together, flew at Mars, and we, together, now have our Wright brothers moment，’ she added, referring to the first powered airplane flight on Earth in 1903.(‘我们现在可以说，人类已经在另一个星球上驾驶了一架无人驾驶直升机，’美国航天局喷气推进实验室独创性火星直升机项目经理MiMi Aung在记者招待会上说。‘我们一起在火星飞行，我们一起，现在有了我们的莱特兄弟时刻，’她补充说，指的是1903年地球上第一架动力飞机飞行。)”和结合常识可知，莱特兄弟发明飞机是一件很重要的事，发言人MiMi Aung提到莱特兄弟，是为了强调此次探索的重要意义。故选C。 13．What caused challenges for Ingenuity designers? A．The delay of software tests. B．The force of gravity on Mars. C．Mars's temperatures and atmosphere. D．Technical difficulty in liftoff on Earth. 解析　C　细节理解题。由第二段中的“The flight was a significant technical challenge, thanks to Mars's bone­chilling temperatures (nights can drop down to －130 °F /－90 °C) and its incredibly thin atmosphere—just 1% the density of Earth's. (这次飞行是一次重大的技术挑战，这要归功于火星令人寒心的温度(夜晚可以降到－130华氏度/－90摄氏度)和难以置信的稀薄大气层——只有地球密度的1%。)”可知，此次探索的主要的挑战来自温度和大气层。故选C。 14．What does the underlined word “milestone” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．A great victory. B．A difficult task. C．A roadside stone. D．A historic event. 解析　D　词义猜测题。由第三段中的“Why it's significant: Beyond being a significant milestone for Mars exploration, the flight will also pave the way for engineers to think about new ways to explore other planets. (重要的原因：这次飞行不仅是火星探测的一个重要milestone，还将为工程师们思考探索其他行星的新方法铺平道路。)”可知，本句指这次飞行的重要历史意义，milestone指“历史性事件”。故选D。 15．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A．Mars Drone Helicopter Makes Historic First Flight B．Modern Wright Brothers Moment: Mars Exploration C．First Drone Helicopter Spots Evidence of Life on Mars D．Ingenuity: Mars Drone Flies to Take Incredible Pictures 解析　A　主旨大意题。由第一段中的“NASA has flown an aircraft on another planet for the first time. (美国宇航局首次在另一颗行星上驾驶飞机。)” 以及后文说明了本次飞行的重要性等，可知“火星无人驾驶直升机历史性首次飞行”符合文意。故选A。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Financial goals for the New Year usually have a place in most people's list. 16 Here are some ways you can make sure those financial goals are achieved. You have to actually set these goals in the first place. Try to find out what matters to you. Write down everything—practical and impractical. 17 You will also need to set a specific time limit you desire to reach these goals. 18 Once you start doing so, it'll shock you how the smallest expenses add up to huge amounts. After successfully keeping track of your spending for a month, categorize them into groups to properly understand which type of expenses eat into your income the most. You can then use the data to cut down unnecessary expenses. If you want to reach your financial goals, you'll definitely need to create a budget. 19 At the beginning of each week, you can create a budget for how much you should spend every day in that week. It is helpful to constantly believe that the amount you have on your weekly budget is the only amount you own. Creating barriers that make it difficult for you to access the rest of your money till the end of the week can also help. Spending less than you earn is one of the easiest ways to get you out of debt and save towards your future. One way is to always reach for the most affordable options you can find. When you go shopping, don't just reach for the first product you see. 20 Quality will still matter of course. Make sure to review your financial goals and progress regularly. This will help you evaluate mistakes and decide whether to adjust your goals or even create new ones. There's really no shame in slacking a few times. You only need to carefully address the areas you slacked in and determine to do better. A．Track your expenses. B．Save like your life depends on it. C．But only a few people actually accomplish them. D．Try to see if you can get a cheaper brand of that same product. E．Sort them into short term, long term goals, and level of importance. F．It is also easier these days with many shopping apps that you can use. G．Budgets are useful in helping you control the amount of money you spend. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些可以确保实现财务目标的方法。 16．解析　C　根据上文中的“Financial goals for the New Year usually have a place in most people's list.”以及后文中的“Here are some ways you can make sure those financial goals are achieved.”可知，C项(但只有少数人实现了自己定的财务目标)符合语境，故选C。 17．解析　E　根据上文中的“You have to actually set these goals in the first place. Try to find out what matters to you. Write down everything—practical and impractical.”以及后文中的“You will also need to set a specific time limit you desire to reach these goals.”可知，本段主要是关于给设定的目标分类，上文提到了写下实际的和不切实际的事情，本句应承接上文进一步说明如何把这些事情进行分类，E选项中的them指代上文中的everything。故E选项符合语境，故选E。 18．解析　A　根据后文中的“Once you start doing so, it'll shock you how the smallest expenses add up to huge amounts. After successfully keeping track of your spending for a month, categorize them into groups to properly understand which type of expenses eat into your income the most. You can then use the data to cut down unnecessary expenses.”可知，本段的方法是记录下自己的开支，A选项(Track your expenses.)对应后文中的“keeping track of your spending for a month”，故A选项符合语境，故选A。 19．解析　G　根据上文中的“If you want to reach your financial goals, you'll definitely need to create a budget.”可知，上文提到了做预算，故本句承接上文继续说明预算的作用，G选项中Budgets对应上文中的budget, 故G选项符合语境，故选G。 20．解析　D　根据上文中的“Spending less than you earn is one of the easiest ways to get you out of debt and save towards your future. One way is to always reach for the most affordable options you can find. When you go shopping, don't just reach for the first product you see.”以及后文中的“Quality will still matter of course.”可知，上文提到了购物时不要买第一件商品，可推测本句是在说明原因：试着看看你是否能买到产品一样但更便宜的牌子，故D选项符合语境，故选D。 第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 (2025·全国一卷)One August afternoon，I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn't seen daylight since my wedding. My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy 21 the beloved home our family had spent 23 years filling up.We had decided on key items for the 22 we were moving to in town，donated what we could，and rented a place to 23 our supposedly important objects.That left a house still 24 with things that，while not particularly 25 ，didn't belong in a landfill(垃圾填埋场)． I took a picture of the vase and posted it online，for $10.A couple of messages came in，one wanting additional 26 ，another asking for a price cut.As our 27 day drew near，I settled on a new price ($0) and reposted it.The 28 ：“I hate this vase.Maybe you won't.” In an instant，a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase. 29 ，I posted more.My daily posts and the 30 I received became a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house.Each exchange provided a chance to 31 the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have 32 . I sit in my apartment today，loving each of the 33 that share our small space.I take 34 in knowing that，somewhere nearby，someone is 35 something that couldn't come with us. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。作者因为要搬家，需要处理家里的东西。作者在处理的过程中想到把部分物品放到网上，让喜欢的人取走，这种方式给作者带来了不一样的体验和感悟。 21．A.painting over B．looking around C．emptying out D．pulling down 解析　C　根据空前的“My husband and I had just sold our house”可知，作者和丈夫刚刚把房子卖掉，所以他们忙着清空家里的东西。paint over“刷油漆覆盖”；look around“环视，参观”；empty out“清空，腾空”；pull down“拆毁，拆掉”。故选C。 22．A.hotel B．office C．cottage D．apartment 解析　D　根据最后一段中的“I sit in my apartment today”可知，作者他们已经确定了要搬到新公寓的重要物件。hotel“旅馆”；office“办公室”；cottage“小屋”；apartment“公寓”。故选D。 23．A.store B．display C．sell D．repair 解析　A　根据空前的“rented a place”可知，作者他们租了一个地方来存放重要的东西。store“保存”；display“展示”；sell“卖”；repair“修理”。故选A。 24．A.covered B．decorated C．stuffed D．equipped 解析　C　上文提到作者他们捐了部分东西，租了一个地方放重要的东西。此处表示家里还堆满了不是很重要但是又不至于扔掉的东西。cover“掩蔽，遮盖”；decorate“装饰”；stuff“填满，装满，塞满”；equip“配备”。故选C。 25．A.conventional B．valuable C．complicated D．tolerable 解析　B　根据空前的“supposedly important objects”及空后的“didn't belong in a landfill(垃圾填埋场)”可推知，这些东西不至于被扔掉，说明它们还有用，尽管不是很重要。conventional“传统的”；valuable“很重要的，很有用的”；complicated“复杂的”；tolerable“尚好的，过得去的，还可以的”。故选B。 26．A.fees B．photos C．receipts D．models 解析　B　根据空前的“I took a picture of the vase”“wanting additional”可知，有人想要更多关于这个花瓶的照片。fee“费用”；photo“照片”；receipt“收据”；model“模型”。故选B。 27．A.move B．pay C．market D．work 解析　A　根据语境可知，作者他们搬家离开的日子要到了。move“搬家”；pay“工资，薪水”；market“市场”；work“工作”。故选A。 28．A.warning B．request C．description D．reply 解析　C　空前提到作者把这个花瓶标价0美元然后重新上传到网上，空后的“I hate this vase.Maybe you won't”应是作者在上传的同时附上了这样的描述或说明。warning“警告”；request“请求”；description“描述，说明”；reply“回复”。故选C。 29．A.Confused B．Interested C．Disappointed D．Encouraged 解析　D　根据第三段中的“In an instant，a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase.”及空后的“I posted more”可知，一个女子冲到作者家，拿着花瓶开心地离开。作者受到这件事的鼓舞，在网上发布了更多物品信息。confuse“使困惑”；interest“使感兴趣”；disappoint“使失望”；encourage“鼓励，激励”。故选D。 30．A.visits B．reports C．advice D．money 解析　A　根据空前的“a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase”“posted more”可知，作者发布了更多东西，有更多人来到她的家里进行交易。visit“访问，参观”；report“报道”；advice“建议”；money“收入，钱”。故选A。 31．A.remove B．spare C．find D．check 解析　B　上文讲作者把一些还有价值、不至于扔掉的东西挂在网上卖，而这样的方式避免了这些东西被扔到垃圾填埋场。remove“消除，清除”；spare“省得，免去”；find“找到，发现”；check“检查，核查”。此处spare为动词，是熟词生义用法。故选B。 32．A.investigated B．recognized C．encountered D．recommended 解析　C　根据空前的“to please another person”可知，此处是说这样的方式让作者遇到了本不太可能遇到的人。investigate“调查”；recognize“认出，认可”；encounter“遇到”；recommend“推荐”。故选C。 33．A.giveaways B．posts C．contributions D．belongings 解析　D　空前的“I sit in my apartment today”表明作者已经搬到了新家，她钟爱每一件与她分享家里空间的物品。giveaway“随赠品”；post“邮件，邮寄”；contribution“贡献”；belongings“所有物，财物”。故选D。 34．A.joy B．part C．care D．time 解析　A　根据上文内容及空后的“someone is 35 something that couldn't come with us”可知，此处指作者非常开心地知道，在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏他们无法带走的东西。joy“高兴，愉快，喜悦”；part“部分”；care“照看，谨慎”；time“时间”。故选A。 35．A.anticipating B．appreciating C．delivering D．withdrawing 解析　B　根据上文提到的一个女子开心地拿走了作者的花瓶并结合常识可知，这些人都是因为喜欢才拿走了作者的东西。anticipate“期待，盼望”；appreciate“欣赏，赏识，重视”；deliver“递送，传送”；withdraw“撤回，停止提供，不再给予”。故选B。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu,36. is known as“the Shakespeare of Asia”，add an international character to Stratford­upon­Avon，William Shakespeare's hometown. Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616.Although they could never have met，there are common 37. (theme)in their works，said Paul Edmondson，head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust.“Some of the things that Tang was writing about 38. (be)also Shakespeare's concerns.I happen to know that Tang's play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》)is similar in some ways 39. Romeo and Juliet.” A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare's Birthplace Garden in 2017.Two years later，a six­meter­tall pavilion，40. (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion，41. (build) at the Firs Garden，just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace. Those cultural elements have increased Stratford's international 42. (visible)，said Edmondson，adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed 43. (find) the connection between the two great writers. 44． (recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare's play Richard Ⅲ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion，Edmondson said，“It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language 45. see how Tang's play was being performed.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。为纪念素有“东方莎士比亚”之称的汤显祖，一座凉亭在莎士比亚的故乡建立，此举提高了莎士比亚故乡的国际知名度。来此地的游客惊奇地发现东西方的这两位伟大作家的作品有一些共性。 36．解析　who　考查定语从句。句意：为纪念素有“东方莎士比亚”之称的汤显祖，中国文化元素为威廉·莎士比亚的故乡埃文河畔斯特拉特福增添了一抹国际化的色彩。先行词是 Tang Xianzu，从句中缺少主语，且空前有逗号，故应用who引导非限制性定语从句。故填who。 37．解析　themes　考查名词复数。句意：虽然他们可能从未见过面，但是他们的作品中有共同的主题。根据“there are”可知，此处应用名词复数themes。故填themes。 38．解析　were　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的事。主语是Some of the things，且此处描述过去的事，故填were。 39．解析　to　考查介词。句意：我恰好发现汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》和《罗密欧与朱丽叶》在一些方面相似。be similar to 是固定短语，意为“与……相似”。故填to。 40．解析　inspired　考查过去分词。句意：两年后，受《牡丹亭》的启发，一座六米高的凉亭被建在离莎士比亚出生地仅有十分钟的步行路程的杉园。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，此空应用非谓语动词；inspire 与a six­meter­tall pavilion 之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词作定语，故填 inspired。 41．解析　was built　考查动词的时态和语态。句意：同上。空处在句中作谓语，主语是a six­meter­tall pavilion，与build之间是被动关系，此处描述过去的事，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填 was built。 42．解析　visibility　考查名词。句意：Edmondson说，那些文化元素提升了斯特拉特福的国际知名度，并补充说，行走在莎士比亚出生地花园的游客常会惊讶于两个伟大的作家之间的联系。international是形容词，应修饰名词。visible的名词形式为visibility，表示“知名度”。此处表示这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福的国际知名度。故填visibility。 43．解析　to find　考查动词不定式。句意：同上。be amazed to do sth是固定搭配，意为“对做某事感到惊讶”。此处表示游客惊讶地发现这两位伟大的作家之间的联系。故填to find。 44．解析　Recalling　考查现在分词。句意：Edmondson 回忆起在上海观看莎士比亚的戏剧《理查三世》的中文版，以及见到几年前来到斯特拉特福表演《牡丹亭》片段的中国演员，他说：“听到中文以及看到汤显祖的戏剧如何被表演是非常令人兴奋的。”此句已有谓语动词said，recall 与主语Edmondson之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填 Recalling。 45．解析　and　考查连词。句意：同上。hear the Chinese language 和 see how Tang's play was being performed 是并列关系，故此处应用and连接两个不定式短语，and后承前省略不定式符号to。故填and。 第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 假如你是李华，准备参加一家英文报社举办的演讲比赛，你需要写一篇演讲稿。你打算写一篇介绍马可·波罗的文章，内容包括： 人物 马可·波罗(Marco Polo) 职业 意大利著名旅行家 事件 1.于13世纪沿着古代丝绸之路来到中国； 2.在中国居住了 17年，参观过很多地方，惊叹于中国的美丽和强大； 3.把中国的文化和科技发明介绍到世界其他地区。 你的评价 …… 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数； 3．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Hello, everyone， Thank you. 【参考范文】 Hello, everyone， Among all the foreign travellers, my favourite is Marco Polo, a famous Italian traveller who travelled along the ancient Silk Road to China in the 13th century. He lived in China for 17 years, visiting many parts of China and was amazed to find how beautiful and powerful China was. He introduced Chinese culture and scientific inventions to other parts of the world. In my opinion, Marco Polo was really a great traveller, whose mission was to promote the exchange of different cultures and spread the seeds of civilisation. Thank you. 第二节(满分25分) (2024·浙江卷1月)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Eva spent the first week of high school trying to keep her head above water.One of the major headaches for her was finding her way in the huge school building.It was a six­story building.On each floor，hallways stretched in four directions，leading to classrooms，laboratories，and teachers' offices.Somewhere in the building，there was also a library，a cafeteria，and a gym. Having a poor sense of direction，Eva found it impossible to get around in such a huge building.All the different hallways and rooms were too much to think about，let alone commit to memory.She decided that she would memorize where her classes were and then pretend that the rest of the place didn't exist. In her first P．E.class，Eva was shocked when Coach Pitt announced that everyone had to run one mile around the track outside.She searched the faces of her classmates for signs of panic.There was nothing she feared more than having to run a whole mile.To Eva，“a mile” was used to describe long distances.It was ten miles from her home to her grandfather's，and that always seemed like a long way，even in a car! When Coach Pitt blew his whistle(哨子)，Eva figured she would be left in the dust.However，while some of her classmates edged ahead，others actually fell behind.“It's just the beginning，”she thought.“I'll come in last for sure.” Soon Eva began to breathe hard，with her heart pounding and legs shaking.Feeling desperate，Eva started using a mind trick on herself.She stopped thinking about the word“mile”．Instead，she focused on reaching the shadow cast on the track by an oak tree up ahead.Then she concentrated on jogging to the spot where the track curved(拐弯)．After that，she tried to see if she could complete her first lap.One lap turned into two，then three，then four. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 When Coach Pitt said“Nice work！”to her at the finish line，Eva was surprised. Eva decided to use the same trick to deal with the school building. 【参考范文】 When Coach Pitt said“Nice work！”to her at the finish line，Eva was surprised.She had expected to be the last one to cross the finish line，but instead she had come in the middle of the pack.Eva realized that she had underestimated (低估) her own abilities(宾语从句)．She also learned a valuable lesson：sometimes，the only way to overcome a challenge is to break it into smaller，more manageable parts.This experience gave her a new sense of confidence in her abilities and laid a solid foundation (打下坚实的基础) for her to face other challenges in the future. Eva decided to use the same trick to deal with the school building.Confident and adventurous(形容词作伴随状语)[心理描写]，she focused on(集中注意力于……)learning the routes to her classes and the cafeteria instead of(代替)trying to memorize the entire layout(布局)of the building at once.She also made a point of(特意做……)exploring the building during her free time，so that she could gradually become familiar with the different hallways and rooms(so that 引导的结果状语从句)．With this new strategy，Eva found that the school building was no longer a source of stress for her (宾语从句)．In fact，she even began to enjoy exploring the different parts of the building and discovering new places. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $