Unit1 Festivals and Celebrations （知识清单）英语人教版必修第三册

该高中英语Unit1知识清单围绕“Festivals and Celebrations”主题，系统梳理词汇、短语、句型、语法及写作知识，构建从基础词汇拓展（如tradition的词性转换）到语法应用（现在分词作定语和表语），再到写作实践（演讲稿设计）的递进式学习支架。 清单通过分类分级呈现知识体系，词汇部分配“经典练习”巩固应用（语言能力），语法模块以“感知-精讲-练习”三步培养思维品质（如区分现在分词作定语与表语）。特色设计含“熟词生义”（如present多义辨析）和演讲稿分步示例，助力文化意识（节日文化表达）提升，教师可精准教学，学生能高效自主复习，提升综合语言运用能力。

Unit1 Festivals and Celebrations 单词 celebrate vt. 庆祝 tradition. n传统 scientific adj. 科学的；关于科学的 theory n. 学说；理论 expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使接触 severe adj. 严重的；严厉的 conclude vi. & vt. 得出结论；结束 defeat vt. 击败；战胜 n. 失败 attend vt. 出席；参加；照料 subscribe vi. 同意；赞成；订阅 outbreak n. （暴力、疾病等坏事的）爆发；突然发生 investigate vt. & vi. 调查；研究 control n. & vt. 控制；支配；管理 absorb vt. 吸收；吸引；使全神贯注 suspect vt. 怀疑；觉得 n. 嫌疑犯 blame vt. 把……归咎于；责怪 n. 责备；责任 link n. 联系；纽带 vt. 把……连接起来；相关联 announce vt. 宣布；通知 challenge n. 挑战；艰巨任务 vt. 质疑；向……挑战 contribute vi. & vt. 捐献；贡献；促成 principle n. 道德原则；法则；原理 construction n. 建筑；施工；建造 短语 be strict with... 对……严格的 put forward 提出（建议、观点等） look into 调查；观察 draw a conclusion 得出结论 in addition (to) 除……以外（还） link...to... 将……和……联系起来 be to blame (for sth) （对坏事）负有责任 come to an end 结束；终止 make sense 讲得通；有意义 contribute to 促成；导致；是……的原因之一 be absorbed in 全神贯注于 熟词生义 present vt. 提出；呈现；介绍 (n. 礼物；现在) cure n. 疗法；对策 (vt. 治愈) attend vt. 照料；处理 (常义：出席；参加) source n. 根源；来源 (常义：源头) 句型 that 引导定语从句 He found that the water from the Broad Street pump was to blame for the spread of the disease. “the way + 定语从句” He wanted to find the way people got infected with cholera. 不定式短语作目的状语 He used maps and statistics to study the outbreak. It is + adj. + that... 从句 It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. so + adj./adv. + that... 引导结果状语从句 The water from the pump was so popular that people came from all over London to collect it. not only... but also... 引导并列句 John Snow was not only a leading physician but also a famous scientist. 语法 现在分词作定语和表语 一、词汇清单 知识点1 celebrate vt. 庆祝 教材原句 We celebrate different festivals to remember important events and people. 我们庆祝不同的节日，以纪念重要的事件和人物。 [拓展] (1) celebrate sth. with sb. 与某人一起庆祝某事 (2) celebration n. 庆祝活动；庆典 (3) in celebration of... 为庆祝…… (4) celebratory adj. 庆祝的 [写作佳句] We will celebrate the Spring Festival with our grandparents in the countryside. 我们将和祖父母在乡下庆祝春节。 [经典练习] 单句语法填空： ① They held a big party in (celebrate) of their victory. ② We usually have a (celebrate) dinner on New Year’s Eve. 知识点2 tradition n. 传统 教材原句 It is a tradition to eat mooncakes during the Mid-Autumn Festival. 中秋节吃月饼是一个传统。 [拓展] (1) traditional adj. 传统的 (2) follow/keep up a tradition 遵循传统 (3) break with tradition 打破传统 [写作佳句] It is a traditional custom to give red envelopes during the Spring Festival. 春节给红包是一种传统习俗。 [经典练习] 单句语法填空： ① It is (tradition) to wear new clothes on the first day of the year. ② They decided to break with and have a simple wedding.(traditional) 知识点3 custom n. 风俗；习惯 教材原句 Different countries have different customs during festivals. 不同国家在节日期间有不同的风俗。 [拓展] (1) local custom 当地风俗 (2) customary adj. 习惯的；惯例的 (3) It is customary to do sth. 做某事是习惯的 [写作佳句] It is customary to clean the house before the Spring Festival. 春节前打扫房屋是习俗。 [经典练习] 补全句子： It is a local custom during the Lantern Festival.（点灯笼） 知识点4 origin n. 起源；由来 教材原句 Do you know the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival? 你知道端午节的起源吗？ [拓展] (1) originate from/in 起源于 (2) original adj. 最初的；原创的 (3) originally adv. 最初 [写作佳句] The festival originated from an ancient legend. 这个节日起源于一个古老的传说。 [经典练习] 单句语法填空： ① The story (origin) in China centuries ago. ② The (origin) meaning of the festival has been forgotten by many. 知识点5 religious adj. 宗教的 教材原句 Some festivals have religious meanings. 一些节日具有宗教意义。 [拓展] (1) religion n. 宗教 (2) believe in a religion 信仰某一宗教 (3) non-religious adj. 非宗教的 [写作佳句] Christmas is both a religious and a cultural festival. 圣诞节既是宗教节日，也是文化节日。 [经典练习] 补全句子： Many festivals around the world have .（宗教起源） 知识点6 symbol n. 象征；标志 教材原句 The lantern is a symbol of hope and good luck. 灯笼是希望和好运的象征。 [拓展] (1) symbolize v. 象征 (2) be symbolic of... 是……的象征 (3) a symbol of peace 和平的象征 [写作佳句] The olive branch is symbolic of peace. 橄榄枝是和平的象征。 [经典练习] 单句语法填空： ① The color red (symbol) happiness in Chinese culture. ② The dove is a of peace.(symbolic) 知识点7 decorate vt. 装饰 教材原句 People decorate their houses with lights during Christmas. 人们在圣诞节期间用灯装饰房屋。 [拓展] (1) decoration n. 装饰；装饰品 (2) decorate sth. with sth. 用某物装饰某物 (3) festive decorations 节日装饰 [写作佳句] We decorated the Christmas tree with colorful balls and lights. 我们用彩球和彩灯装饰了圣诞树。 [经典练习] 单句语法填空： ① The (decorate) in the street are beautiful. ② They are busy (decorate) the hall for the party. 知识点8 gather vi.&vt. 聚集；集合 教材原句 Families gather together to enjoy a big meal during festivals. 节日期间，家人们聚在一起享用大餐。 [拓展] (1) gather around 围拢 (2) gathering n. 聚会；集合 (3) gather information 收集信息 [写作佳句] We gathered around the fire to tell stories. 我们围坐在火堆旁讲故事。 [经典练习] 补全句子： During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members gather .（赏月） 知识点9 feast n. 盛宴；宴会 教材原句 We always have a big feast on New Year’s Eve. 我们总是在除夕夜举行一场盛宴。 [拓展] (1) a feast for the eyes 视觉盛宴 (2) feast on sth. 尽情享用某物 (3) wedding feast 婚宴 [写作佳句] We feasted on delicious food and drank to the new year. 我们尽情享用美食，举杯迎接新年。 [经典练习] 根据汉语提示填空： The festival ended with a magnificent (盛宴). 知识点10 memory n. 记忆；回忆 教材原句 Festivals help us keep the memory of our ancestors alive. 节日帮助我们保持对祖先的记忆。 [拓展] (1) in memory of... 为纪念…… (2) memorize v. 记住 (3) memorable adj. 难忘的 [写作佳句] The monument was built in memory of the heroes. 这座纪念碑是为了纪念英雄们而建的。 [经典练习] 补全句子： The festival is a for everyone.（记忆活动） 二、短语清单 短语 1. dress up 盛装打扮 2. look forward to 期待 3. play a role in 在……中发挥作用 4. be related to 与……相关 5. in honor of 为纪念……；为向……表示敬意 6. take part in 参加 7. pass down 传承 8. be filled with 充满 9. get together 聚会 10. carry on 继续；进行 [经典练习] 一、单项选择题 1.On Halloween, children love to ______ as ghosts or superheroes and go trick-or-treating. A. dress up B. look forward to C. take part in D. get together 2.All the students are ______ the coming winter vacation because they plan to travel to Yunnan. A. be related to B. look forward to C. in honor of D. carry on 3.Traditional festivals like the Spring Festival ______ passing down family values and cultural traditions. A. play a role in B. pass down C. be filled with D. get together 4.The concert held last night was ______ the famous musician who made great contributions to classical music. A. be related to B. in honor of C. carry on D. take part in 5.Many people from different countries ______ the international marathon held in our city every year. A. pass down B. get together C. take part in D. be filled with 二、用所给短语的适当形式填空 1.These folk stories ______ from generation to generation and have become an important part of our culture. (pass down) 2.The room ______ joy and laughter when all the family members gathered to celebrate Grandma’s 80th birthday. (be filled with) 3.Most of the customs in this festival ______ ancient beliefs and agricultural activities. (be related to) 4.Even though facing many difficulties, they decided to ______ their research on environmental protection. (carry on) 5.We usually ______ with our relatives during the Mid-Autumn Festival, enjoying mooncakes and admiring the full moon. (get together) 三、熟词生义present n. 礼物（常见义） v. 呈现；提出（生义） adj. 目前的（生义） [经典练习] 1. What he presented at the meeting was a new plan for environmental protection. A. 赠送 B. 提出C. 目前的 2.用 present 适当形式填空 All the members of the club agreed to organize a charity sale. 3.英译汉My aunt sent me a beautiful present on my birthday, and I presented my thanks to her sincerely. 四、句型清单 It is + adj. + to do... It is exciting to watch the dragon boat race. not only... but also... The festival not only brings joy but also strengthens family ties. so... that... The performance was so wonderful that everyone applauded loudly. when引导的时间状语从句 When spring comes, people celebrate the Lunar New Year. which引导的非限制性定语从句 The Lantern Festival, which falls on the 15th day of the lunar year, marks the end of the Spring Festival. [经典练习] 1.用 “It is + adj. + to do...” 句型翻译句子 学习一门新语言是很有必要的。 2.用 “not only... but also...” 翻译句子 这个活动很有趣。这个活动很有教育意义。 3.用 “so... that...” 完成句子 这场电影很感人，以至于所有人都哭了。 4.用 when 引导的时间状语从句合并句子 我们通常吃月饼。中秋节到了。 5.用 which 引导的非限制性定语从句翻译句子 端午节在农历五月初五，它是为了纪念屈原。 五、语法清单 现在分词作定语和表语 【感知・语法规律】 The rising sun painted the sky with brilliant colors. （初升的太阳） The film we watched last night was boring. （那部电影很无聊） She pointed to the window facing south. （朝南的窗户） The most challenging part of the job is communication. （最具挑战性的部分） His explanation was confusing, leaving us even more puzzled. （他的解释令人困惑） 【精讲・语法知识】 1. 现在分词作定语 现在分词作定语时，修饰名词或代词，表示主动的、正在进行的动作或事物的性质特征。 （1）基本位置与结构 单个现在分词作定语：一般放在被修饰词前面 a sleeping baby（一个正在睡觉的婴儿） an interesting book（一本有趣的书） boiling water（沸腾的水） 现在分词短语作定语：必须放在被修饰词后面，相当于一个省略了关系代词和be动词的定语从句 The man standing at the gate is our principal. = The man who is standing at the gate is our principal. I received a letter inviting me to the meeting. = I received a letter which invited me to the meeting. （2）表“性质”与表“动作”的区别 表示永久特性或状态（已形容词化）： an exciting game（一场激动人心的比赛） a tiring journey（一次令人疲惫的旅程） 表示正在进行的动作： falling leaves（正在飘落的树叶） the setting sun（正在下山的太阳） （3）[名师提醒] 现在分词作定语时，不能使用完成式（having done） 错误：The student having finished his homework left early. 正确：The student who has finished his homework left early. 注意现在分词与过去分词作定语的区别： a surprising result（令人惊讶的结果） 主动 a surprised look（感到惊讶的表情） 被动 2. 现在分词作表语 现在分词作表语时，位于系动词（主要是be动词）之后，用来说明主语的性质、特征或状态，此时现在分词的功能相当于形容词。 （1）基本结构 主语 + 系动词 + 现在分词（作表语） The news is encouraging.（这个消息令人鼓舞。） His speech was inspiring.（他的演讲鼓舞人心。） The situation is changing.（情况正在变化。） （2）与进行时态的区别 这是高频易错点，需仔细辨别： 作表语：说明主语是什么（性质） The movie is interesting.（这部电影很有趣。） Her job is teaching.（她的工作是教学。） 进行时态：说明主语正在做什么（动作） She is teaching English now.（她正在教英语。） The children are playing outside.（孩子们正在外面玩。） 鉴别技巧：在现在分词前加 very 测试 能加very → 作表语（形容词性质）：The story is very interesting. 不能加very → 进行时态：She is very teaching.（错误） （3）常用作表语的现在分词 以下现在分词常作表语，已具备形容词特征： interesting（有趣的）exciting（令人兴奋的）boring（无聊的）surprising（令人惊讶的） disappointing（令人失望的）tiring（令人疲惫的）encouraging（令人鼓舞的） pleasing（令人愉快的） （4）[易错警示] 某些现在分词既可作表语，也可构成进行时，需根据上下文判断： The leaves are turning yellow.（表语，说明状态变化） She is turning the page.（进行时，表示正在进行的动作） 现在分词作表语时，没有被动含义，主要描述主语给人的感受或特征。 【经典练习】 (1) 用所给词的适当形式填空 The __________ (follow) question is difficult to answer. We watched the __________ (set) sun from the hilltop. The result of the experiment was __________ (satisfy). Look at the girl __________ (dance) under the tree. His excuse sounds __________ (convince), but I'm not sure. (2) 判断下列句子中现在分词的功能（定语/表语） 6. The sleeping dog didn't notice our arrival. （ ） 7. The dog is sleeping under the tree. （ ） 8. I bought a book describing African wildlife. （ ） 9. The whole situation is confusing. （ ） 10. The confusing instructions led to many mistakes. （ ） (3) 改正句子错误 11. 错误：The having completed project was a great success. 改正：_________________________________________ 12. 错误：This news is very surprising me. 改正：_________________________________________ 13. 错误：The man standing there is my brother is tall. 改正：_________________________________________ 六、写作清单 【点拨·写作技巧】 演讲稿是用于公开场合发表观点、说明事理或抒发情感的实用性文体。其核心在于与听众建立联系。写作时需注意： 对象感：明确听众是谁（同学、评委、社区居民？），调整语言与内容。 吸引力：开头需引人入胜，可用问题、引语或生动描述。 清晰结构：逻辑层次分明，通常为“开场白-主体（分点论述）-结尾”。 语言特点：口语化但得体，多用短句、祈使句和反问句，增强感染力。 【积累·写作素材】 常用句式 开头常用语 Have you ever wondered...? Today, I'd like to take you on a journey to explore my favorite festival. Good morning, everyone! Standing here, I can't wait to share with you the joy and meaning of a festival that holds a special place in my heart — [节日名称]. Picture this: the air is filled with the smell of...[描述节日特有场景]. This is what my favorite festival, [节日名称], feels like. 主体部分常用语 What makes this festival truly unique is not only... but also... Beyond the fun and food, this festival carries a profound cultural significance. It's a time when... For me personally, this festival is a powerful reminder of... 结尾常用语 So, as you can see, [节日名称] is more than just a day on the calendar; it's a feeling, a tradition, and a part of who we are. I hope my sharing helps you understand why this festival means so much to me, and perhaps, you might find its charm too. Thank you for letting me share a piece of my joy with you. 【示例·分步写作】 主题：A Festival I Like -The Spring Festival 第一步：审题谋篇 项目 内容 体裁 演讲稿 (Speech) 人称 以第一人称为主（分享个人经历与感受），辅以第二人称（与听众互动）。 时态 主要使用一般现在时（描述节日惯例与文化意义），讲述个人经历时可用一般过去时。 框架 第一段：生动开场，引出主题——春节。 第二段：分点阐述喜欢春节的原因（团聚、传统活动、美食、文化意义等）。 第三段：总结个人感受，升华主题，并致谢。 第二步：要点翻译 在众多节日中，春节，或者说中国农历新年，是我最喜欢的。(among, lunar) Among all festivals, the Spring Festival, or Chinese Lunar New Year, is my favorite. 它象征着新的开始和家庭的团聚。(symbolize, reunion) It symbolizes new beginnings and family reunion. 节日期间，我们进行大扫除来辞旧迎新。(clean up) During the festival, we do a thorough cleaning to sweep away the old and welcome the new. 除夕夜，全家人会聚在一起享用丰盛的年夜饭。(gather, feast) On New Year's Eve, the whole family gathers to enjoy a grand feast. 对我来说，春节的魔力在于它带给我的温暖和归属感。(magic, sense of belonging) For me, the magic of the Spring Festival lies in the warmth and sense of belonging it brings me. 第三步：词句升级 用 not only... but also... 连接句2，使其更有层次： It symbolizes not only new beginnings but also the most important value — family reunion. 用 which 引导的非限制性定语从句合并句3和句4，丰富细节： On New Year's Eve, the whole family gathers for a grand feast, which is preceded by a thorough cleaning to sweep away the old and welcome the new. 用 What I cherish most is... 句型强化句5的个人感受： What I cherish most is the warmth and profound sense of belonging it fills me with. 第四步：连句成篇 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit1 Festivals and Celebrations 单词 celebrate vt. 庆祝 tradition. n传统 scientific adj. 科学的；关于科学的 theory n. 学说；理论 expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使接触 severe adj. 严重的；严厉的 conclude vi. & vt. 得出结论；结束 defeat vt. 击败；战胜 n. 失败 attend vt. 出席；参加；照料 subscribe vi. 同意；赞成；订阅 outbreak n. （暴力、疾病等坏事的）爆发；突然发生 investigate vt. & vi. 调查；研究 control n. & vt. 控制；支配；管理 absorb vt. 吸收；吸引；使全神贯注 suspect vt. 怀疑；觉得 n. 嫌疑犯 blame vt. 把……归咎于；责怪 n. 责备；责任 link n. 联系；纽带 vt. 把……连接起来；相关联 announce vt. 宣布；通知 challenge n. 挑战；艰巨任务 vt. 质疑；向……挑战 contribute vi. & vt. 捐献；贡献；促成 principle n. 道德原则；法则；原理 construction n. 建筑；施工；建造 短语 be strict with... 对……严格的 put forward 提出（建议、观点等） look into 调查；观察 draw a conclusion 得出结论 in addition (to) 除……以外（还） link...to... 将……和……联系起来 be to blame (for sth) （对坏事）负有责任 come to an end 结束；终止 make sense 讲得通；有意义 contribute to 促成；导致；是……的原因之一 be absorbed in 全神贯注于 熟词生义 present vt. 提出；呈现；介绍 (n. 礼物；现在) cure n. 疗法；对策 (vt. 治愈) attend vt. 照料；处理 (常义：出席；参加) source n. 根源；来源 (常义：源头) 句型 that 引导定语从句 He found that the water from the Broad Street pump was to blame for the spread of the disease. “the way + 定语从句” He wanted to find the way people got infected with cholera. 不定式短语作目的状语 He used maps and statistics to study the outbreak. It is + adj. + that... 从句 It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. so + adj./adv. + that... 引导结果状语从句 The water from the pump was so popular that people came from all over London to collect it. not only... but also... 引导并列句 John Snow was not only a leading physician but also a famous scientist. 语法 现在分词作定语和表语 一、词汇清单 知识点1 celebrate vt. 庆祝 教材原句 We celebrate different festivals to remember important events and people. 我们庆祝不同的节日，以纪念重要的事件和人物。 [拓展] (1) celebrate sth. with sb. 与某人一起庆祝某事 (2) celebration n. 庆祝活动；庆典 (3) in celebration of... 为庆祝…… (4) celebratory adj. 庆祝的 [写作佳句] We will celebrate the Spring Festival with our grandparents in the countryside. 我们将和祖父母在乡下庆祝春节。 [经典练习] 单句语法填空： ① They held a big party in celebration (celebrate) of their victory. ② We usually have a celebratory (celebrate) dinner on New Year’s Eve. 知识点2 tradition n. 传统 教材原句 It is a tradition to eat mooncakes during the Mid-Autumn Festival. 中秋节吃月饼是一个传统。 [拓展] (1) traditional adj. 传统的 (2) follow/keep up a tradition 遵循传统 (3) break with tradition 打破传统 [写作佳句] It is a traditional custom to give red envelopes during the Spring Festival. 春节给红包是一种传统习俗。 [经典练习] 单句语法填空： ① It is traditional (tradition) to wear new clothes on the first day of the year. ② They decided to break with tradition and have a simple wedding.(traditional) 知识点3 custom n. 风俗；习惯 教材原句 Different countries have different customs during festivals. 不同国家在节日期间有不同的风俗。 [拓展] (1) local custom 当地风俗 (2) customary adj. 习惯的；惯例的 (3) It is customary to do sth. 做某事是习惯的 [写作佳句] It is customary to clean the house before the Spring Festival. 春节前打扫房屋是习俗。 [经典练习] 补全句子： It is a local custom to light lanterns during the Lantern Festival.（点灯笼） 知识点4 origin n. 起源；由来 教材原句 Do you know the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival? 你知道端午节的起源吗？ [拓展] (1) originate from/in 起源于 (2) original adj. 最初的；原创的 (3) originally adv. 最初 [写作佳句] The festival originated from an ancient legend. 这个节日起源于一个古老的传说。 [经典练习] 单句语法填空： ① The story originated (origin) in China centuries ago. ② The original (origin) meaning of the festival has been forgotten by many. 知识点5 religious adj. 宗教的 教材原句 Some festivals have religious meanings. 一些节日具有宗教意义。 [拓展] (1) religion n. 宗教 (2) believe in a religion 信仰某一宗教 (3) non-religious adj. 非宗教的 [写作佳句] Christmas is both a religious and a cultural festival. 圣诞节既是宗教节日，也是文化节日。 [经典练习] 补全句子： Many festivals around the world have religious origins.（宗教起源） 知识点6 symbol n. 象征；标志 教材原句 The lantern is a symbol of hope and good luck. 灯笼是希望和好运的象征。 [拓展] (1) symbolize v. 象征 (2) be symbolic of... 是……的象征 (3) a symbol of peace 和平的象征 [写作佳句] The olive branch is symbolic of peace. 橄榄枝是和平的象征。 [经典练习] 单句语法填空： ① The color red symbolizes (symbol) happiness in Chinese culture. ② The dove is a symbol of peace.(symbolic) 知识点7 decorate vt. 装饰 教材原句 People decorate their houses with lights during Christmas. 人们在圣诞节期间用灯装饰房屋。 [拓展] (1) decoration n. 装饰；装饰品 (2) decorate sth. with sth. 用某物装饰某物 (3) festive decorations 节日装饰 [写作佳句] We decorated the Christmas tree with colorful balls and lights. 我们用彩球和彩灯装饰了圣诞树。 [经典练习] 单句语法填空： ① The decorations (decorate) in the street are beautiful. ② They are busy decorating (decorate) the hall for the party. 知识点8 gather vi.&vt. 聚集；集合 教材原句 Families gather together to enjoy a big meal during festivals. 节日期间，家人们聚在一起享用大餐。 [拓展] (1) gather around 围拢 (2) gathering n. 聚会；集合 (3) gather information 收集信息 [写作佳句] We gathered around the fire to tell stories. 我们围坐在火堆旁讲故事。 [经典练习] 补全句子： During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members gather to admire the full moon.（赏月） 知识点9 feast n. 盛宴；宴会 教材原句 We always have a big feast on New Year’s Eve. 我们总是在除夕夜举行一场盛宴。 [拓展] (1) a feast for the eyes 视觉盛宴 (2) feast on sth. 尽情享用某物 (3) wedding feast 婚宴 [写作佳句] We feasted on delicious food and drank to the new year. 我们尽情享用美食，举杯迎接新年。 [经典练习] 根据汉语提示填空： The festival ended with a magnificent feast (盛宴). 知识点10 memory n. 记忆；回忆 教材原句 Festivals help us keep the memory of our ancestors alive. 节日帮助我们保持对祖先的记忆。 [拓展] (1) in memory of... 为纪念…… (2) memorize v. 记住 (3) memorable adj. 难忘的 [写作佳句] The monument was built in memory of the heroes. 这座纪念碑是为了纪念英雄们而建的。 [经典练习] 补全句子： The festival is a memorable event for everyone.（记忆活动） 二、短语清单 短语 1. dress up 盛装打扮 2. look forward to 期待 3. play a role in 在……中发挥作用 4. be related to 与……相关 5. in honor of 为纪念……；为向……表示敬意 6. take part in 参加 7. pass down 传承 8. be filled with 充满 9. get together 聚会 10. carry on 继续；进行 [经典练习] 一、单项选择题 1.On Halloween, children love to ______ as ghosts or superheroes and go trick-or-treating. A. dress up B. look forward to C. take part in D. get together 答案：A 解析：句意 “万圣节时，孩子们喜欢装扮成鬼魂或超级英雄去讨糖果”，dress up 表示 “盛装打扮；装扮”，符合语境。 2.All the students are ______ the coming winter vacation because they plan to travel to Yunnan. A. be related to B. look forward to C. in honor of D. carry on 答案：B 解析：句意 “所有学生都在期待即将到来的寒假，因为他们计划去云南旅行”，look forward to 表示 “期待”，主语为复数，be 动词用 are，后接动名词（本题中 to 为介词，后接名词短语 the coming winter vacation）。 3.Traditional festivals like the Spring Festival ______ passing down family values and cultural traditions. A. play a role in B. pass down C. be filled with D. get together 答案：A 解析：句意 “像春节这样的传统节日在传承家庭价值观和文化传统中发挥着作用”，play a role in 表示 “在…… 中发挥作用”，主语为复数，谓语动词用原形。 4.The concert held last night was ______ the famous musician who made great contributions to classical music. A. be related to B. in honor of C. carry on D. take part in 答案：B 解析：句意 “昨晚举行的音乐会是为了纪念那位对古典音乐做出巨大贡献的著名音乐家”，in honor of 表示 “为纪念……；为向…… 表示敬意”，符合语境。 5.Many people from different countries ______ the international marathon held in our city every year. A. pass down B. get together C. take part in D. be filled with 答案：C 解析：句意 “每年都有许多来自不同国家的人参加在我们城市举办的国际马拉松比赛”，take part in 表示 “参加”，主语为复数，谓语动词用原形。 二、用所给短语的适当形式填空 1.These folk stories ______ from generation to generation and have become an important part of our culture. (pass down) 答案：are passed down 解析：句意 “这些民间故事代代相传，已成为我们文化的重要组成部分”，pass down 表示 “传承”，主语 stories 与 pass down 为被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态。 2.The room ______ joy and laughter when all the family members gathered to celebrate Grandma’s 80th birthday. (be filled with) 答案：was filled with 解析：句意 “当所有家庭成员聚在一起庆祝奶奶 80 岁生日时，房间里充满了喜悦和笑声”，be filled with 表示 “充满”，根据 gathered 可知用一般过去时，主语 room 为单数，be 动词用 was。 3.Most of the customs in this festival ______ ancient beliefs and agricultural activities. (be related to) 答案：are related to 解析：句意 “这个节日的大多数习俗都与古代信仰和农业活动有关”，be related to 表示 “与…… 相关”，主语 customs 为复数，用一般现在时，be 动词用 are。 4.Even though facing many difficulties, they decided to ______ their research on environmental protection. (carry on) 答案：carry on 解析：句意 “尽管面临许多困难，他们仍决定继续开展环境保护方面的研究”，carry on 表示 “继续；进行”，decide to 后接动词原形。 5.We usually ______ with our relatives during the Mid-Autumn Festival, enjoying mooncakes and admiring the full moon. (get together) 答案：get together 解析：句意 “我们通常在中秋节和亲戚们聚会，吃月饼、赏月”，get together 表示 “聚会”，根据 usually 可知用一般现在时，主语 we 后接动词原形。 三、熟词生义present n. 礼物（常见义） v. 呈现；提出（生义） adj. 目前的（生义） [经典练习] 1. What he presented at the meeting was a new plan for environmental protection. A. 赠送 B. 提出C. 目前的 答案：B 解析：本句中 present 为动词，意为 “提出（观点、计划等）”。 2.用 present 适当形式填空 All the members of the club agreed to organize a charity sale. 答案：present 解析：此处 present 是形容词，意为 “目前的；在场的”，修饰名词 members。 3.英译汉My aunt sent me a beautiful present on my birthday, and I presented my thanks to her sincerely. 翻译： 我的姑姑在我生日时送了我一份漂亮的礼物，我也诚挚地向她表达了谢意。 解析：第一个 present 是名词，意为 “礼物”；第二个 present 是动词，意为 “表达；呈现”。 四、句型清单 It is + adj. + to do... It is exciting to watch the dragon boat race. not only... but also... The festival not only brings joy but also strengthens family ties. so... that... The performance was so wonderful that everyone applauded loudly. when引导的时间状语从句 When spring comes, people celebrate the Lunar New Year. which引导的非限制性定语从句 The Lantern Festival, which falls on the 15th day of the lunar year, marks the end of the Spring Festival. [经典练习] 1.用 “It is + adj. + to do...” 句型翻译句子 学习一门新语言是很有必要的。 答案：It is necessary to learn a new language. 2.用 “not only... but also...” 翻译句子 这个活动很有趣。这个活动很有教育意义。 答案：The activity not only is interesting but also is educational. / The activity is not only interesting but also educational. 3.用 “so... that...” 完成句子 这场电影很感人，以至于所有人都哭了。 答案：The movie was so moving that everyone cried. 4.用 when 引导的时间状语从句合并句子 我们通常吃月饼。中秋节到了。 答案：When the Mid-Autumn Festival comes, we usually eat mooncakes. 5.用 which 引导的非限制性定语从句翻译句子 端午节在农历五月初五，它是为了纪念屈原。 答案：The Dragon Boat Festival, which is on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, is in memory of Qu Yuan. 五、语法清单 现在分词作定语和表语 【感知・语法规律】 The rising sun painted the sky with brilliant colors. （初升的太阳） The film we watched last night was boring. （那部电影很无聊） She pointed to the window facing south. （朝南的窗户） The most challenging part of the job is communication. （最具挑战性的部分） His explanation was confusing, leaving us even more puzzled. （他的解释令人困惑） 【精讲・语法知识】 1. 现在分词作定语 现在分词作定语时，修饰名词或代词，表示主动的、正在进行的动作或事物的性质特征。 （1）基本位置与结构 单个现在分词作定语：一般放在被修饰词前面 a sleeping baby（一个正在睡觉的婴儿） an interesting book（一本有趣的书） boiling water（沸腾的水） 现在分词短语作定语：必须放在被修饰词后面，相当于一个省略了关系代词和be动词的定语从句 The man standing at the gate is our principal. = The man who is standing at the gate is our principal. I received a letter inviting me to the meeting. = I received a letter which invited me to the meeting. （2）表“性质”与表“动作”的区别 表示永久特性或状态（已形容词化）： an exciting game（一场激动人心的比赛） a tiring journey（一次令人疲惫的旅程） 表示正在进行的动作： falling leaves（正在飘落的树叶） the setting sun（正在下山的太阳） （3）[名师提醒] 现在分词作定语时，不能使用完成式（having done） 错误：The student having finished his homework left early. 正确：The student who has finished his homework left early. 注意现在分词与过去分词作定语的区别： a surprising result（令人惊讶的结果） 主动 a surprised look（感到惊讶的表情） 被动 2. 现在分词作表语 现在分词作表语时，位于系动词（主要是be动词）之后，用来说明主语的性质、特征或状态，此时现在分词的功能相当于形容词。 （1）基本结构 主语 + 系动词 + 现在分词（作表语） The news is encouraging.（这个消息令人鼓舞。） His speech was inspiring.（他的演讲鼓舞人心。） The situation is changing.（情况正在变化。） （2）与进行时态的区别 这是高频易错点，需仔细辨别： 作表语：说明主语是什么（性质） The movie is interesting.（这部电影很有趣。） Her job is teaching.（她的工作是教学。） 进行时态：说明主语正在做什么（动作） She is teaching English now.（她正在教英语。） The children are playing outside.（孩子们正在外面玩。） 鉴别技巧：在现在分词前加 very 测试 能加very → 作表语（形容词性质）：The story is very interesting. 不能加very → 进行时态：She is very teaching.（错误） （3）常用作表语的现在分词 以下现在分词常作表语，已具备形容词特征： interesting（有趣的）exciting（令人兴奋的）boring（无聊的）surprising（令人惊讶的） disappointing（令人失望的）tiring（令人疲惫的）encouraging（令人鼓舞的） pleasing（令人愉快的） （4）[易错警示] 某些现在分词既可作表语，也可构成进行时，需根据上下文判断： The leaves are turning yellow.（表语，说明状态变化） She is turning the page.（进行时，表示正在进行的动作） 现在分词作表语时，没有被动含义，主要描述主语给人的感受或特征。 【经典练习】 (1) 用所给词的适当形式填空 The __________ (follow) question is difficult to answer. We watched the __________ (set) sun from the hilltop. The result of the experiment was __________ (satisfy). Look at the girl __________ (dance) under the tree. His excuse sounds __________ (convince), but I'm not sure. (2) 判断下列句子中现在分词的功能（定语/表语） 6. The sleeping dog didn't notice our arrival. （ ） 7. The dog is sleeping under the tree. （ ） 8. I bought a book describing African wildlife. （ ） 9. The whole situation is confusing. （ ） 10. The confusing instructions led to many mistakes. （ ） (3) 改正句子错误 11. 错误：The having completed project was a great success. 改正：_________________________________________ 12. 错误：This news is very surprising me. 改正：_________________________________________ 13. 错误：The man standing there is my brother is tall. 改正：_________________________________________ 【练习答案】 (1)following setting satisfying dancing convincing (2)6. 定语7. 表语（构成进行时）8. 定语9. 表语10. 定语 (3) 11. The completed project was a great success. / The project that has been completed was a great success. 12. This news is very surprising. / This news surprises me very much. 13. The man standing there is my tall brother. / The tall man standing there is my brother. 六、写作清单 【点拨·写作技巧】 演讲稿是用于公开场合发表观点、说明事理或抒发情感的实用性文体。其核心在于与听众建立联系。写作时需注意： 对象感：明确听众是谁（同学、评委、社区居民？），调整语言与内容。 吸引力：开头需引人入胜，可用问题、引语或生动描述。 清晰结构：逻辑层次分明，通常为“开场白-主体（分点论述）-结尾”。 语言特点：口语化但得体，多用短句、祈使句和反问句，增强感染力。 【积累·写作素材】 常用句式 开头常用语 Have you ever wondered...? Today, I'd like to take you on a journey to explore my favorite festival. Good morning, everyone! Standing here, I can't wait to share with you the joy and meaning of a festival that holds a special place in my heart — [节日名称]. Picture this: the air is filled with the smell of...[描述节日特有场景]. This is what my favorite festival, [节日名称], feels like. 主体部分常用语 What makes this festival truly unique is not only... but also... Beyond the fun and food, this festival carries a profound cultural significance. It's a time when... For me personally, this festival is a powerful reminder of... 结尾常用语 So, as you can see, [节日名称] is more than just a day on the calendar; it's a feeling, a tradition, and a part of who we are. I hope my sharing helps you understand why this festival means so much to me, and perhaps, you might find its charm too. Thank you for letting me share a piece of my joy with you. 【示例·分步写作】 主题：A Festival I Like -The Spring Festival 第一步：审题谋篇 项目 内容 体裁 演讲稿 (Speech) 人称 以第一人称为主（分享个人经历与感受），辅以第二人称（与听众互动）。 时态 主要使用一般现在时（描述节日惯例与文化意义），讲述个人经历时可用一般过去时。 框架 第一段：生动开场，引出主题——春节。 第二段：分点阐述喜欢春节的原因（团聚、传统活动、美食、文化意义等）。 第三段：总结个人感受，升华主题，并致谢。 第二步：要点翻译 在众多节日中，春节，或者说中国农历新年，是我最喜欢的。(among, lunar) Among all festivals, the Spring Festival, or Chinese Lunar New Year, is my favorite. 它象征着新的开始和家庭的团聚。(symbolize, reunion) It symbolizes new beginnings and family reunion. 节日期间，我们进行大扫除来辞旧迎新。(clean up) During the festival, we do a thorough cleaning to sweep away the old and welcome the new. 除夕夜，全家人会聚在一起享用丰盛的年夜饭。(gather, feast) On New Year's Eve, the whole family gathers to enjoy a grand feast. 对我来说，春节的魔力在于它带给我的温暖和归属感。(magic, sense of belonging) For me, the magic of the Spring Festival lies in the warmth and sense of belonging it brings me. 第三步：词句升级 用 not only... but also... 连接句2，使其更有层次： It symbolizes not only new beginnings but also the most important value — family reunion. 用 which 引导的非限制性定语从句合并句3和句4，丰富细节： On New Year's Eve, the whole family gathers for a grand feast, which is preceded by a thorough cleaning to sweep away the old and welcome the new. 用 What I cherish most is... 句型强化句5的个人感受： What I cherish most is the warmth and profound sense of belonging it fills me with. 第四步：连句成篇 Ladies and gentlemen, Good morning! Have you ever experienced a feeling so warm and exciting that it fills your heart with joy just thinking about it? For me, that feeling is the Spring Festival. Among all festivals, the Spring Festival, or Chinese Lunar New Year, holds the top spot in my heart. It symbolizes not only new beginnings but also the most important value — family reunion. The celebration is a series of meaningful traditions. We decorate our homes with red couplets and lanterns, symbolizing luck and happiness. On New Year's Eve, the whole family gathers for a grand feast, which is preceded by a thorough cleaning to sweep away the old and welcome the new. The air is filled with laughter, the delicious smell of dumplings, and the exciting sound of firecrackers. Giving and receiving red envelopes is not just about money; it's a transfer of blessings from the older generation to the younger. Beyond the food and fun, the Spring Festival is a cultural anchor. It reminds us of our roots and connects us with thousands of years of history. What I cherish most is the warmth and profound sense of belonging it fills me with. In our fast-paced world, it's a precious pause for gratitude and love. So, to me, the Spring Festival is more than a holiday; it's the heartbeat of our culture and the sweetest memory of home. Thank you for listening. 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $