话题3编写灾难求生手册-2025-2026学年高中英语期末写作复习必修2（北师大版）

初中英语写作专项突破 (北师大版必修2) 写作话题精讲·词汇句型·范文示范 写作话题3：编写灾难求生手册 适用年级： 必修2 对应版本： 北师大版 常考题日： 编写地震求生手册/自然灾害应急指南 一、话题解读 本话题是北师大版高中英语必修2的写作内容，在其他版本高中英语教材的相应学段可能也 有类似生存技能主题的写作训练。常考题目有“编写地震求生手册”“自然灾害应急指南”等， 核心考察学生整理实用信息的条理性与应用文写作能力。该话题在高中英语写作中多以说明 文、指南类应用文形式出现，是培养学生实际语言运用能力的重要内容。 二、核心词汇与短语 1.核心词汇(18个) 1.survive/s'vaIv/.生存；存活 2.evacuate /I'vaekjuert/v.撤离；疏散 3.shelter/elta(r)n.避难所；庇护处 4.disaster/dr'za:sta(r)/n.灾难；灾祸 5.emergency /i'm:3:d3 ensi/n.紧急情况；突发事件 6.prepare /prI'pea(r)N.准备；预备 7.rescue/'reskju:/v.营救；救援 8.injure/'Ind3a(r)W.伤害；使受伤 9.treat/tri:t/v.治疗；处理 10.infect /In'fekt/v.感染；传染 11.supply/sa'plaI/n.补给品；供应 12.sustain/sa'stein/v.维持；支撑 13.damage/'daemId3/n.损害；破坏 2 14.collapse/ka'leps.倒塌；崩溃 15.flood/fIAd/n.洪水；水灾 16.earthquake/'3:kweIk/n.地震 17.tsunami /tsu:'na:mi/n.海啸 18.typhoon /taI'fu:nln.台风 2.核心短语(12个) 1.emergency kit急救包 2.evacuation route疏散路线 3.shelter from躲避；避难 4.first aid急救 5.search and rescue搜索与救援 6.disaster preparedness灾难准备 7.supply of water and food水和食物供应 8.sustain life维持生命 9.collapse of buildings建筑物倒塌 10.natural disaster自然灾害 11.aftershock余震 12.stay calm保持冷静 三、高级句型模板 1.结构：Only by+doing+can we+do sth. 例句：Only by preparing an emergency kit in advance can we increase our chances to survive a natural disaster. 2.结构：Ne should+do sth.,which enables us to+do sth. We should memorize the evacuation route,which enables us to evacuate quickly when a disaster occurs. 3.结构：It is crucial that+we should+do sth It is crucial that we should stay calm and find a safe shelter from the earthquake. 4.结构：Although+从句，we still need to+do sth. Although the collapse of buildings may cause injuries,we still need ta keep a positive attitude for rescue. 5.结构：Learning+名词+knowledge,we can+do sth Learning first aid knowledge,we can treat minor injuries and save lives in an emergency. 6.结构：Making+名词+plan is an effective way to+do sth. Making a disaster preparedness plan is an effective way to reduce the damage caused by disasters. 7.结构：Not only can we+do sth.,but also we can+do sth. Not only can we store a sufficient supply of water and food,but also we can learn to sustain life with limited resources. 8.结构：The more we+do sth.,the better we will+do sth. The more we know about disaster survival skills,the better we will handle emergency situations. 四、满分范文示范 Earthquake Survival Guide Natural disasters like earthquakes can strike suddenly,but being prepared can save lives. Here's a practical guide to help you survive an earthquake. Making a disaster preparedness plan is an effective way to reduce the damage caused by disasters.First,prepare an emergency kit with essentials such as a flashlight,a whistle, and a first aid kit.Only by preparing an emergency kit in advance can we increase our chances to survive a natural disaster.Second,memorize the evacuation route of your building,which enables you to evacuate quickly when a disaster occurs.Also,store a sufficient supply of water and food-at least three days'worth-to sustain life if services are cut off. It is crucial that we should stay calm and find a safe shelter from the earthquake.If you' re indoors,hide under a sturdy table and avoid windows or heavy furniture.If outdoors,move to an open area away from buildings and power lines.The more we know about disaster survival skills,the better we will handle emergency situations. After the main quake,beware of aftershocks.Check for injuries and use first aid knowledge to treat minor wounds.Although the collapse of buildings may cause injuries,we still need to keep a positive attitude for rescue.Not only can we help others in need,but also we can listen for calls from trapped survivors during search and rescue efforts. In conclusion,disaster preparedness and quick,calm actions are key to surviving an eartH quake.Stay informed,stay prepared,and stay safe.