专题03 Units 11～14 教材核心知识串讲（期末复习讲义）九年级英语上学期人教版

该初中英语期末复习讲义通过表格对比、分点解析系统构建Units 11~14核心知识体系，梳理21个语法点如be supposed to、as soon as等，用对比表格呈现except/besides/except for等易混词区别，结合例句解析时态规则与固定搭配，清晰呈现重难点内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计与情境化命题，“基础通关”巩固语法选择等基础题型，“重难突破”通过短文填空融合文化情境，如“环保活动展览”相关语篇培养语言能力与文化意识，易混易错模块辨析cost/spend等用法提升思维品质，助力分层教学与学生自主复习。

专题01 Units 11~14教材核心知识串讲（期末复习讲义） 单元 知识点 常考题型 命题趋势 Unit 11-14 1.be supposed to 2.as soon as “一….就…. ”， 3.be used to “习惯于，习惯”； 4.except、besides、except for的用法区别： 5.suggestion、advice的用法区别：6.make 的用法 7.would rather 8.neither...nor...“既不…也 不…； …和…都不”，9.both、either、neither的用法比较： 10.all、whole的用法比较： 11.rather than 并非; 而不是（是一个并列连词） 12.leave sth. +地点和forget 13.above、over、on“在…之上”；的用法区别： 14.find out, look for 与 find用法比较： 15.cost、spend、pay、take同义，但用法有区别： 16.It is +adj. for sb. to do...“做某事对某人来说是……”17.help sb. with sth.“帮助某人做某事” 18.work out的用法19.cut down的用法 20.约数表达法21.both, either, neither, all, none 单项选择 语法选择 语法填空等 1.注重素养：更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。 2.情境化突出：借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境，将语法考察与实际生活相结合。 3.文化传承与价值导向明显：注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。 知识点01 be supposed to do sth.是“应该……”， 与should用法相似。否定形式是be not supposed to do sth，意为“不应该……”。 You are supposed to study harder.你应该更努力学习。 You are not supposed to eat so much.你不应该吃这么多。 Drivers are supposed to wear the seat belt when driving.司机开车的时候应当系好安全带。 知识点02 as soon as “一….就…. ” （引导时间状语从句，若主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时；若主句用过去时，从句也要用过去时。） I’ll go to visit my aunt in England as soon as the summer holidays start.暑假一开始我就去英国看我姑姑。 －Henry, please call us as soon as you arrive in China. －OK. I’ll do that, Mom.亨利，你一到中国就给我们打电话。好的，妈妈，我一到就打。 As soon as I came in，he cried out with pleasure.我一进来，他就高兴地叫起来。 知识点03 be used to “习惯于，习惯” 其中的 to 是介词，所以其后要接名词或动名词(不能接动词原形)；若要强调从不习惯到习惯的过程，可用 get, become 等代替动词 be。如： He is used to looking after himself. 他已习惯于自己照顾自己。 I’m sure I’ll get used to the hard work. 我相信我会习惯这艰苦工作的。 【注】：be used to 有时可能是动词 use 的被动语态结构 (此时意为“被用来”，其中的 to 为不定式符号，其后要接动词原形)。如： A hammer is used to drive in nails. 锤子是用来钉钉子的。 【区别】used to 意为“过去经常”，其中的 to 是不定式符号，而不是介词，所以其后只接动词原形(不能接动名词)。 如： He used to live in Paris. 他过去一直住在巴黎。 知识点04 except、besides、except for的用法区别： except 意为“除……之外”，不包括except后面的内容，前后叙述为同类。 besides 意为“除……之外（还）”，包括besides后面的内容。 except for 是一个固定词组，表示的含义是除了这一点，其余都很好。 Everybody is in the classroom except Li hua.除了李华所有人都在教室。 Meimei，Daming and I went to the park besides Lingling.除了玲玲，我和梅梅和大明都去了公园。 Lisa is nice except for her carelessness. Lisa很优秀，除了她的粗心。 知识点05 suggestion、advice的用法区别： suggestion 可数名词 a suggestion一条建议 ，some/many suggestions advice 不可数名词 a piece of advice一条建议，some advice，不能用many I’ll give you some advice, Mike; don’t try.迈克，我要给你些忠告，别去试。 I made a few suggestions about how we could spend the afternoon.我提了几条关于下午活动安排的建议。 知识点06 make 的用法 当make的意思是“做、制造、制作”时，常用的句型是： (1) make sth. 意为“制造某物”。 She can make kites. 她会制作风筝。 (2) make sb. sth. / make sth. for sb. 意为“为某人制作某物”。 His mother made him a beautiful coat. / His mother made a beautiful coat for him. 他的母亲为他缝制了一件漂亮的外衣。 (3) 被动语态中常用be made of / from, be made in, be made by等短语来表示 ①be made of “….是由….制成的”（能看出原材料） ②be made from“….是由….制成的”（不能看出原材料） ③be made in“……是在（某地）制造” ④be made by “由/被某人制造” ⑤be made into“被制成；被做成…” ⑥be made up of“由….组成” Wine is made from grapes. 酒是由葡萄酿制成的。 These cars were made in Changchun. 这些汽车是在长春制造的。 知识点07 would rather ，“宁愿；宁可；更喜欢” 后跟动词原形. 常用来表示选择的意愿。没有人称和数的变化，其中would 常缩写成’d 形式 would rather do sth. =prefer to do sth.宁愿做某事 I would rather stay at home because it’s cold outside.我宁愿呆在家里，因为外面冷。 He used to play computer games all night, but now he would rather spend his time on his lessons than on the Internet. 他过去常常整夜玩电脑游戏,但现在他宁愿把时间花在功课上也不上网了。 否定句：would rather not do sth.宁愿不做某事 He would rather not listen to jazz. 他宁愿不听爵士乐。 疑问句：将would提到句首 Would you rather stay at home or play tennis with us?你宁愿呆在家里还是和我一起打网球？ would rather do than do= prefer to do rather than do宁愿做某事而不愿做某事（than 所连接的词语必须与前面的词语在词性和结构上保持一致） I would rather watch TV at home than go out for a walk. 我宁愿在家里看电视也不愿出去散步。 知识点08 neither...nor...“既不…也 不…； …和…都不”， 其含义是否定的，可连接任意两个并列的成份，谓语动词的单复数采取“就近原则”。 I have neither money nor time. 我既没有钱也没有时间。 Neither Tom nor his sisters were at home.汤姆和姐妹们都不在家。 类似结构： ①either…or…意为“或者…或者…;不是…就是…”，表示两者之一，连接句子中两个并列的成分，谓语动词的单复数采取“就近原则”。 Either you or I am going there tomorrow. 明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。 ②both…and…“既…又…”, 连接任意两个并列成份，做主语是谓语动词用复数。 Both you and I are going there tomorrow. 明天我们俩都要去那里。 知识点09 both、either、neither的用法比较： both （两者）都 可作代词、形容词；作形容词时后接名词复数，作主语时，动词用复数。三者以上“都”用all。 Both of the brothers are here. / Both brothers are here. 兄弟俩都在这儿。 either （两者中）任意一个 可作代词、形容词；作形容词时后接名词单数，作主语时，动词用单数。三者中“任意一个”用any。 Either of the books will do. / Either book will do. 两本书中哪一本都行。 neither （两者）都不 可作代词、形容词；作形容词时后接名词单数，作主语时，动词用单数。三者“都不”用none。 Neither of the stories is interesting. /Neither story is interesting. 两个故事都没有趣。 知识点10 all、whole的用法比较 相同点 all 全部、都、整个的 用在冠词、所有格或其他限定词前；修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词或物质名词 all the time，all my life，all the milk whole 用在冠词、所有格或其他限定词后；修饰可数名词单数，不修饰不可数名词或物质名词 the whole time，my whole life 知识点11 rather than 并非; 而不是（是一个并列连词） The most valuable thing is time, rather than money.最珍贵的是时间, 而不是金钱 1) rather than 与would 连用时，构成“would rather...than...”句式，意思是“宁愿…而不愿…”，表示主观愿望，即在两者之中选择其一。 She'd rather die than lose the children. 她宁愿死也不愿失去孩子们。 2）rather than 不与would连用时，表示客观事实，意为“(是…) 而不是…；与其…不如…”。 它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。 I decided to write rather than (to) telephone. 我决定写信而不是打电话 It’s hot rather than warm today.与其说今天暖和不如说今天热。 知识点12 leave sth. +地点和forget leave sth. +地点“把某物忘在某处” forget意为“遗忘某物”，指忘记一件具体的东西，但不能有具体的地点。 forget还有forget to do sth.忘记做某事（未做），forget doing sth.忘记做某事（已做） I left my book on the desk. 我把书忘在了桌子上。 I forgot my umbrella yesterday .我昨天忘了带伞。 注意： 英语中表示“把某物遗忘在某处”，常用 leave + 地点，而不是forget+地点。 leave构成的短语： leave for +地点 离开去某地 leave a message 留言 ask for leave 请假 leave school (中学) 毕业 leave one by oneself=leave sb alone 把某人单独留下 知识点13 above、over、on“在…之上”；的用法区别 on 表示在一物体上，强调两物相接触。 She put her coat on the bed. 她把大衣放在床上。 The woman lifted a big jar on her head. 那位妇女头上顶着一只大坛子。 over ①表示在一物体上，但强调覆盖这一物体。 She put her coat over the sleeping baby. 她把大衣盖在那正在睡觉的孩子身上。 ②表示垂直向上，比较精确，其反义词为under。 The lamp is over the table.灯在桌子上方。 above 表示位置高于某人或某物。但不一定是正上方，反义词是below。 The moon is now above the trees.月亮正位于树梢上。 知识点14 find out, look for 与 find用法比较 find out 强调经过调查、询问、研究等曲折过程后才能找出。 Please find out when the train leaves. 请查明火车什么时间离开。 find 意为“发现，找到”，强调寻找的结果。 I can't find my pet dog.我找不到我的宠物狗。 look for 意为“寻找”，强调寻找的过程。 I'm looking for it everywhere.我正在到处找它。 知识点15 no more = not any more “不再”；与no longer = not any longer 同义 ①no more中more是many/much的比较级，more有again之意，着重表示数量或程度的减少。 You can drink no more. = You can't drink any more. 你不能再喝了。 Now she wasn't afraid any more. 现在她再也不害怕了。 ②no longer中longer 是副词long的比较级，着重表示时间的不再延续。常修饰动词live、wait、work等。 Don't wait any longer. 别再等了。 She could not keep up with him any longer.她不能再赶上他了。 知识点16 cost、spend、pay、take同义，但用法有区别 cost 多指花费金钱，主语通常是物，常用于sth. cost(s) sb. some money句型。 The new dress cost Linda 88 yuan.新连衣裙花费琳达88元。 spend 多表示花费时间和金钱，主语通常是人，常用于① sb. spend(s) some time / money on sth.② sb. spend(s) some time / money (in) doing sth.两种句型。 David spent 2,000 yuan on the new machine. My father spends an hour (in) watching the news on TV every day. pay 多表示花费金钱，主语通常是人，常用于 sb. pay(s) some money for sth.句型。 Tommy paid 20 yuan for his breakfast yesterday. take take 多表示花费时间，常用于 It takes sb. some time to do sth. 这一句型中，其中 it 作形式主语。 It usually takes me 40 minutes to cook the dinner. 他们花了两年时间修建这座桥。 They spent two years on this bridge. = They spent two years (in) building this bridge. = It took them two years to build this bridge. 我花了2000元买这台新电脑。 I spent 2000 yuan on the new computer. = I spent 2000 yuan (in) buying the new computer. = The new computer cost me 2000 yuan. = I paid 2000 yuan for the new computer. 知识点17 ①It is +adj. for sb. to do...“做某事对某人来说是……” ②It is +adj. of sb. to do...“做某事对某人来说是……” ①It is +adj. for sb. to do...“做某事对某人来说是……”；表示说话人对客观事件的决断性，其中形容词常用：easy、difficult、hard，important，dangerous，（im）possible等。 It’s very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.对孩子们来说，穿过繁忙的街道很危险。 It’s difficult for us to finish the work. 对我们来说，完成这项工作很困难。 ②It is +adj. of sb. to do...“做某事对某人来说是……”；表示说话人对客观事物的高兴、惊讶、遗憾、难过等情绪，表现的是人的性格、品质或特征，其中形容词常用：kind，good，nice，right，wrong，clever，careless，polite，foolish等。 It’s very kind of you to help me. 你能帮我，真好。 It’s clever of you to work out the maths problem.你真聪明，解出了这道数学题。 注意：of sb. 的句型通常都可转换为不定式作状语的句子，但for sb. 句型不可以。 It’s very nice of you to offer me a seat. = You are nice to offer me a seat. 十分感谢你给我让座。 It is careless of him to lose so many things. = He is careless to lose so many things. 他丢了这么多东西，真是太粗心了。 知识点18 help sb. with sth.“帮助某人做某事” Lucy often helps her mother with housework on Sunday.露西在星期天经常帮助妈妈做家务。 help 构成的短语： help oneself (to)“随便吃” can’t help doing sth“禁不住做某事” with the help of“在……的帮助下” Children，help yourselves to some fruits.孩子们，请随便吃些水果吧。 I couldn’t help crying.我忍不住哭了。 With the help of the neighbors，the fire was at last brought under control0.在邻居们的帮助下，或是终于开展住了。 知识点19 work out的用法 work out 是固定搭配，表示“算出；解决”。 Anybody can work out the answer.任何人都能算出答案。 She has some problems. She doesn't know how to work them out.她有一些问题。她不知道如何解决它们。 归纳拓展 常见的“动词＋out”的短语还有： find out发现；查明 sell out卖完；售光 go out 出去 hang out 闲逛 take out取出；拿出 put out 熄灭 look out当心；小心 come out出来；出版 leave out忽略；不提及；不包括 run out用完；跑出去 Before I go to the USA, I should carefully__________ how much money I need to take. A. put out B. stay out C. sell out D. work out 答案 D 解析 根据本题语境可知，在我去美国之前，我应该认真算一下我需要带多少钱，work out符合题意。 知识点20 cut down的用法及常见的cut短语 cut down 是固定搭配，意为“减少；削减”。 I help cut down air pollution by riding a bicycle to work.我通过骑自行车去上班的方式帮助减少空气污染。 温馨提示 cut down 还有“砍伐；砍倒”之意，通常和树木（tree)等搭配。 We cut down trees to make furniture and paper.我们伐树制造家具和纸。 归纳拓展 常见的“动词＋down”结构的短语还有： calm down使镇静 lie down 躺下 sit down坐下 count down倒数 break down出故障 write down写下；记下 put down放下；写下 pull down拆毁；摧毁 -To protect the environment, we shouldn't___________ so many trees. -That's true. We should plant more trees instead. A. write down B. cut down C. count down D. break down 答案 B 解析 本题考查“动词＋down”的短语搭配。根据本题语境可知，为了保护环境，我们不应该“砍伐”这么多树木，cut down 符合题意。 知识点21约数表达法 hundreds of是固定搭配，意为“数以百计的；成百上千的”，它属于约数表达法，表达模糊的数字概念。 There are hundreds of passengers waiting at the airport.有数百名乘客正在机场等候。 归纳拓展 常见的约数表达法： hundreds of 数以百计的 thousands of 数以千计的 millions of 数百万的 billions of数十亿的易错提醒 如果 hundred、thousand、million、billion前有具体数字，则要用它们的单数形式，并且其后也不必加介词of,此时表达的是确切的数字概念。 He walked two hundred miles in eight days.他在八天内走了200英里。 -Look! Over___________ people are shopping in the huge market. -Yes. I really hate going to a place like that. A. three thousands B. three thousands of C. three thousand D. three thousand of 答案 C 解析 如果 thousand 之前有具体数字，要用thousand的单数形式，而且其后不必加of. 知识点22 both, either, neither, all, none both 表示“两者都”。both...and...表示“…和…·都”，连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式 either 表示“（两者中的）任何一个”。either...or...表示“要么··...·要么…;或者·..·或者·.....” neither 表示“两者都不”。neither...nor...表示“既不·..··也不…” all 表示“三者或三者以上都”，它和none 互为反义词 none 表示“三者或三者以上都不”，它可以和介词of搭配 易错提醒 当either...or...和 neither...nor...连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词在人称和数上要和离它近的主语保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。 Either you or he has to hand in the report.不是你就是他得把报告交上来。 Neither you nor I am fit for the work.你和我都不适合这份工作。 -Which of the two T-shirts do you want? -__________ One is too big and the other is too small. Could you show me another one? A. Either B. Both C. Neither 答案 C 解析 问句的含义是“这两件T恤衫你想要哪一件？”，根据题干中的“一件太大了，另一件太小了。你能让我看看另外一件吗”可知，两件T恤衫都不要，Neither符合题意 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 1．—What does “Keep one’s word” mean? —It means an honest and responsible person is supposed to ________ what he has promised. A．carry out B．break out C．turn out D．hand out 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——“信守诺言”是什么意思？——这意味着一个诚实负责任的人应该兑现他的承诺。 考查动词短语辨析。carry out执行，履行；break out爆发；turn out结果是；hand out分发。根据“an honest and responsible person”可知，诚实负责任的人应该要“履行”他所做过的承诺。故选A。 2．Children are supposed to learn ________ different subjects ________ good manners, which are helpful to them for their future life. A．not; but B．either; or C．not only; but also 【答案】C 【详解】句意：孩子们不仅应该学习不同的学科，还应该学习良好的礼仪，这对他们未来的生活有帮助。 考查并列连词。not...but不是……而是；either...or要么……要么；not only...but also不仅……而且。根据“which are helpful to them for their future life.”可知，本句中，强调孩子们在学习不同学科知识的同时，也需要学习良好的礼仪，这两项内容对孩子未来生活都有帮助。故选C。 3．We should take responsibility for our actions, ________ we are young. A．even though B．as soon as C．as long as D．ever since 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们应该为自己的行为负责，即使我们还年轻。 考查连词辨析。even though 即使；as soon as一……就……；as long as只要；ever since自从。根据语境，主句“应该负责”与从句“年轻”之间存在让步关系，强调“尽管年轻也应负责”，因此选择表示让步的连词“even though”。故选A。 4．________ Jim fell down in the 1,500-meter race, he didn’t give up and went on running. A．As long as B．Even though C．As soon as D．So that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：尽管吉姆在1500米赛跑中摔倒了，但他没有放弃，继续跑。 考查连词辨析。As long as只要；Even though尽管；As soon as一……就……；So that以便。根据“Jim fell down in the 1,500-meter race, he didn’t give up and went on running.”可知，前后句之间是让步关系，此处应该用Even though。故选B。 5．We all shouted “Happy New Year” ________ the clock began to strike twelve. A．before B．while C．as soon as D．as long as 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当时钟刚敲响十二点，我们都喊“新年快乐”。 考查从属连词辨析。before在……之前；while当……时；as soon as一……就……；as long as只要。根据“We all shouted ‘Happy New Year’…the clock began to strike twelve.”并结合常识可知，人们通常在时钟敲响十二点的瞬间欢呼，强调动作的紧急性，因此用“as soon as”最合适。故选C。 6．—Bruce ________ so much in the past two years. —Yeah, he ________ be shy, but now he is outgoing and active. A．has changed; used to B．changed; is used to C．has changed; is used to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Bruce在过去两年里变化太大了。——是啊，他过去很害羞，但现在他外向又活泼。 考查现在完成时和used to do结构。根据“Bruce…in the past two years”可知，动作发生在过去，且对现在有影响，应用现在完成时。主语Bruce是第三人称单数，助动词用has，后接动词过去分词changed；根据“but now he is outgoing and active”可知，此处描述的是过去的习惯或状态，与现在形成对比，应用used to do sth.结构，意为“过去常常做某事”。故选A。 7．Mike _________ afraid of dogs, but now he can play with them. A．is used to being B．used to being C．used to be 【答案】C 【详解】句意：Mike过去怕狗，但现在他能和狗玩了。 考查used to do结构。is used to doing习惯于做某事；used to do过去常常做某事。根据“but now”可知，此处是过去与现在的状态对比，be afraid of是“害怕……”，所以应用used to be。故选C。 8．—Is ________ here? —No, we are all here ________ Peter. A．anybody; except B．anybody; besides C．everybody; besides D．everybody; except 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——大家都在这里吗？——不，除了彼得我们都在。 考查不定代词和介词辨析。anybody任何人；everybody每个人；except除了；besides除……之外（还）。根据答语“No, we are all here...Peter.”可推知，问句询问每个人是否在场，所以第一空需用everybody；答语表示彼得不在，所以第二空需用except表示排除。故选D。 9．—Did you study any other foreign language ________ English when you were at college? —Yes, I studied three. But I have forgotten all ________ a few words of each. A．besides; besides B．besides; except C．but; except D．except; except 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——除英语外，你在大学里还学了其他外语了吗？——是的，我学了三种。但每种除了几个单词外，我都忘记了。 考查介词辨析。besides意为“除……之外（还有）”，表示的是一种累加关系；except意为“除……之外（不再有）”，可以和but互换，表示的是一种排除关系。根据题意，第一个空，除英语外，你在大学里还学了其他外语了吗？即除了英语还有……，英语是包含在内的，所以用besides，排除C、D选项；第二个空，我学了三种，但除了几个单词外，我都忘记了。可知是把“几个单词”排除在外，除了几个单词，不再有……，所以要用but或except，排除A选项。故选B。 10．Our teacher ________ us some good ________ on the studies so far. A．gave; suggestion B．give; advice C．has given; advices D．has given; suggestions 【答案】D 【详解】句意：到目前为止，我们的老师已经在学习方面给我们提供了一些好建议。 考查现在完成时和名词辨析。suggestion建议，可数名词单数；advice建议，不可数名词；advices表达错误，advice是不可数名词；suggestions建议，可数名词复数。第一个空，根据“so far”可知，此句时态为现在完成时，结构为have/has done，排除选项A和B；第二个空位于“some”后，填可数名词复数或不可数名词，第二个空用suggestions。故选D。 11．She gave me ________ on how to improve my English speaking skills. A．plenty of advice B．plenty of advices C．a plenty advice D．plenties advice 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她给了我很多关于如何提高英语口语技能的建议。   考查形容词短语和名词用法。advice是不可数名词，没有复数形式，因此排除B；plenty of是固定搭配，意为“大量，许多”，故选A。 12．This cup is similar to that one, but actually they are made ______ different materials. A．from B．in C．of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个杯子与那个相似，但实际上它们是由不同的材料制成的。 考查介词辨析。from从；in在……里；of由……制成。在“be made”结构中，表示材料组成时，“made of”强调材料在成品中可见，而“made from”强调原材料被加工改变，此处指杯子作为实物，材料通常可见， 且be made in表示制造地点，与“材料”语境不符。故选C。 13．The temperature of a planet ________ its distance from the Sun. A．is afraid of B．is full of C．is related to D．is made of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：行星的温度与它离太阳的距离相关。 考查短语辨析。is afraid of害怕；is full of充满；is related to与……相关；is made of由……制成。根据“The temperature of a planet ... its distance from the Sun.”及常识可知，行星的温度与它离太阳的距离有关。故选C。 14．The traditional dress ________ silk. A．is made in B．is made of C．is made from D．is made by 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这件传统服装是由丝绸制成的。 考查动词短语。is made in产自于；is made of由……制成（看得出原材料）；is made from由……制成（看不出原材料）；is made by由某人制成。根据“The traditional dress ... silk”可知，是指这件传统服装是由丝绸制成的，且能够看出原材料，用is made of。故选B。 15．—Would you like to go swimming? —I prefer ________ in autumn rather than swim. A．hiking B．to hike C．swimming D．to swim 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你想去游泳吗？——比起游泳，我更喜欢在秋天徒步旅行。 考查非谓语动词。prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.是固定搭配，意为“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”，prefer to do是动词不定式作宾语。故选B。 16．The boy bought photos ________ games ________ making phone calls. A．play, would rather B．to play, instead of C．to play, rather 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个男孩买照片来玩游戏，而不是打电话。 考查非谓语动词和介词短语的用法。play玩，动词原形，不能直接用于名词后；would rather宁愿，后应接动词原形；rather相当，通常需与than连用。分析句子成分可知，第一个空需用不定式to play表示目的；第二个空需用instead of表示替代，后接动名词making。故选B。 17．I don’t like taking a bus during rush hour. I would rather ________ a bike. A．to ride B．riding C．ride D．rode 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我不喜欢在高峰时间坐公交车。我宁愿骑自行车。 考查would rather的用法。 to ride是动词不定式；riding是动名词/现在分词；ride是动词原形；rode是ride的过去式。would rather后接动词原形，意为“宁愿做某事”。故选C。 18．Neither Millie nor Shirley ________ Australia before, but they know the country very well. A．has gone to B．has been to C．have gone to D．have been to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Millie和Shirley以前都没有去过澳大利亚，但是她们对那个国家非常了解。 考查现在完成时和主谓一致。have gone to去了某地（还没回来）；have been to去过某地（回来了）。根据句意可知，这里表示“去过某地”，Neither…nor连接并列主语，谓语动词的单复数形式应根据就近原则，与Shirley一致，用单数。故选B。 19．Neither my friend nor I _______ tired of this work although it is a bit boring. A．are B．is C．am D．were 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我和我的朋友都不厌倦这份工作，虽然它有点无聊。 考查主谓一致。neither…nor连接并列主语，谓语形式遵循“就近原则”，离be动词最近的主语是I，be动词填am，故选C。 20．—Which do you prefer, tea or coffee? —Either. ________ tea ________ coffee are my favorite. A．Not only; but also B．Both; and C．Neither; nor 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——茶和咖啡，你更喜欢哪一个？——随便。茶和咖啡都是我的最爱。 考查并列连词。Not only; but also不但……而且……；Both; and……和……两者都；Neither; nor既不……也不……。根据“are my favorite.”可知，这里表示两者都是最喜欢的。Not only; but also和Neither; nor连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，coffee为单数，be动词需用is，与题干不符。故选B。 21．Either Mary ________ Lucy told him to come to see us. A．or B．and C．with D．nor 【答案】A 【详解】句意：要么玛丽，要么露西告诉他来见我们。 考查并列连词辨析。or或者；and和；with和……一起；nor也不。根据“Either”可知，应该是两者选一个，either…or…表示“要么……要么……”，用于连接两个选择项。故选A。 22．—Could you go shopping with me this afternoon? —Either I or Lucy ________ going shopping with you. Because one of us has to do housework at home. A．am B．is C．are 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——今天下午你能和我一起去购物吗？——要么是我，要么是露西要和你一起去。因为我俩其中一个必须待在家里做家务。 考查主谓一致。am是，主语是I时使用，is是，be动词的三单形式；are是，be动词的复数形式。either...or...“要么……要么……”并列主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”，所以be动词要跟主语Lucy保持一致，因此用单数is。故选B。 23．Most students spend too much time ________ computer games. A．playing B．play C．to play D．plays 【答案】A 【详解】句意：大多数学生花费太多时间玩电脑游戏。 考查动词spend的用法。playing玩，动名词；play玩，动词原形；to play玩，动词不定式；plays玩，动词第三人称单数。spend time (in) doing something表示“花费时间做某事”，此处应该使用动名词形式。故选A。 24．The trip to Hainan by air ________ five days and ________ about 2,000 yuan. A．spends; costs B．takes; spends C．takes; costs D．spends; takes 【答案】C 【详解】句意：乘飞机去海南的旅行花费五天时间和花费大约2000元。 考查动词辨析。spends花费，主语通常是人；costs花费，主语是物；takes花费，主语是物或活动。根据主语“The trip”可知，主语是物，第一个空后接时间“five days”，表示“花费时间”，需用“takes”；第二个空后接金钱“about 2,000 yuan”，表示“花费金钱”，需用“costs”。故选C。 25．Amy likes ________ the guitar, but her brother Tom usually spends much time ________ chess. A．play; playing B．plays; to play C．playing; to play D．to play; playing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Amy喜欢弹吉他，但她的兄弟Tom通常花很多时间下棋。 考查动词非谓语形式。play玩，弹 (乐器)。like to do sth.表示“喜欢做某事 (偶尔的喜好)”；spend time (in) doing sth.表示“花费时间做某事”。第一空用to play，第二空用playing，故选D。 26．My house is in the ________ area. It’s easy for me to go to other places from here. A．bright B．tidy C．rich D．central 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的房子在中心区域。从这里去其他地方对我来说很容易。 考查形容词辨析。bright明亮的；tidy整洁的；rich富有的；central中心的。根据“It’s easy for me to go to other places from here”可知，句子强调位置便利，便于出行，因此应选表示“中心”含义的形容词。故选D。 27．Tom, before going shopping, you’d better ________ all the things you need in a shopping list. A．cut down B．take down C．lay down D．look down 【答案】B 【详解】句意：汤姆，购物前你最好把需要的所有东西都记在购物清单上。 考查动词短语。cut down削减；take down记录，记下；lay down放下；look down俯视。根据“all the things you need in a shopping list”可知，此处指记下要购买的东西，故选B。 28．— What do you think of the film Death To Rights 《南京照相馆》? — It’s moving. It ________ Chinese people ________ the history of protecting truth in the war. A．reminds; of B．lets; down C．wakes; up D．cheers; up 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你觉得电影《南京照相馆》怎么样？——很感人。它让中国人想起战争中保护真相的历史。 考查动词短语辨析。remind...of让……想起；let...down让……失望；wake...up唤醒；cheer...up使……振奋。根据“the film Death To Rights”和“the history of protecting truth in the war”可知应是电影使中国人想起历史，故选A。 29．When he walked along the street, he looked ahead and saw a small house about ________ meters away. A．hundreds of B．hundred C．one hundred D．hundreds 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当他沿着街道走时，他向前看，看到一个小房子大约一百米远。 考查数词用法。根据“he looked ahead and saw a small house about...meters away.”可知，about后需接具体数字，one hundred意为“一百”，符合语境；hundreds of意为“数百”，但为概数短语，不能与about连用。故选C。 30．There are over ________ students in our school. And ________ of them are boys. A．four hundred; three fifth B．four hundreds; three fifths C．four hundred; three fifths 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们学校有四百多名学生。其中五分之三是男孩。 考查数词用法。hundred表示具体数量时，只需要在前面加数词。分数表达为：基数词作分子，序数词作分母，除了分子是“1”以外，其他情况下序数词都要用复数形式。因此第一空“四百”为“four hundred”；第二空“五分之三”为“ three fifths”。故选C。 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） （2025九年级·辽宁·专题练习）阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺连贯。 Xi’an is the capital city of Shaanxi province. It lies in 1 north of China. The city’s early history is often connected with Liu Bang, who started the Han Dynasty and made Xi’an his capital. He 2 (give) it the name Chang’an. During the Tang Dynasty, Xi’an achieved its great importance. Korea and Japan followed Xi’an’s example in 3 (build) their ancient capitals. Many things from ancient times can still be found in Xi’an today. The city wall—one of the few city walls still left in China, is a good example. It 4 (go) around the city and is an important cultural site. In central Xi’an there is the Bell Tower—the 5 (large) bell tower remaining in China. The bell was first designed as an emergency alarm to warn of danger, 6 it was very often used to tell people the time. While Xi’an is a city 7 a long history, it is also very much a part of the modern world. It is best 8 (know) as a center for software research, development and services. Historically, Xi’an has always been a city of art, industry and business that have placed it far in front of many other 9 (city). Xi’an is a city always remaking 10 (it) and looking forward, all the while keeping the best of the past. 【答案】1．the 2．gave 3．building 4．goes 5．largest 6．but 7．with 8．known 9．cities 10．itself 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了西安的历史地位、文化古迹以及在现代作为软件研究等中心的重要性，展现了这座城市在传承与发展中的独特魅力。 1．句意：它位于中国的北方。in the north of是固定搭配，意为“在……的北方” ，表示方位时，north前要加定冠词the。故填the。 2．句意：他给它取名为长安。本文讲述过去的事情，时态为一般过去时，give的过去式是gave。故填gave。 3．句意：韩国和日本在建造它们古代都城时以西安为榜样。in是介词，后接动词-ing形式，build的-ing形式是building。故填building。 4．句意：它环绕着这座城市，是一处重要的文化遗址。本句陈述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语It是第三人称单数，谓语动词go要用第三人称单数形式goes。故填goes。 5．句意：西安中心有钟楼——中国现存最大的钟楼。根据空前的定冠词the和“in China”可知，这里表示“最大的”，用large的最高级largest。故填largest。 6．句意：这口钟最初被设计为紧急警报以警示危险，但它经常被用来告知人们时间。前后句是转折关系，用but连接。故填but。 7．句意：虽然西安是一座历史悠久的城市，但它也是现代世界的重要组成部分。with表示“具有，带有”，with a long history意为“有着悠久的历史”，作后置定语修饰city。故填with。 8．句意：它作为软件研究、开发和服务中心最为人所知。be known as是固定搭配，意为“作为……而闻名”。故填known。 9．句意：从历史上看，西安一直是一座在艺术、工业和商业方面领先于许多其他城市的城市。other后接可数名词复数，city的复数形式是cities。故填cities。 10．句意：西安是一座不断重塑自我并展望未来的城市，同时保留着过去的精华。remake的宾语与主语Xi’an指同一事物，所以用反身代词itself。故填itself。 易混易错（测试时间：10分钟） 1．你应该一分为二地看待事情，以便做出正确的决定。 You are supposed to things two sides when you treat them, so that you can make correct decisions. 【答案】 divide into 【详解】对照中英文可知缺少“分为”，“把某物分成……”表达成divide sth into...，固定短语；且be supposed to后加动词原形，表示“应该做某事”。故填divide；into。 2．每个人应该竭尽所能处理这个问题。 Everyone is supposed to do what they can with the problem. 【答案】 to deal/do 【详解】“处理”deal with/do with；句中“do what they can”的目的是“deal/do with the problem”，表目的用动词不定式，故填to；deal/do。 3．你一到伦敦就请给我打电话。 Please call me as soon as you London. 【答案】 arrive in 【详解】根据英汉句子可知，空格处缺少“到达”对应的英文。“arrive in + 大地点”表示“到达某地”，London是城市，属于大地点，故填arrive；in。 4．我们一挂上五颜六色的灯笼，整个房子就在闪烁的灯光中变得生机勃勃。 As soon as we , the whole house with twinkling lights. 【答案】 put up the colourful lanterns came alive 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，句中缺少“挂上五颜六色的灯笼”和“变得生机勃勃”的英文内容，本句时态为一般过去时。第一空：“挂上”对应短语“put up”，“五颜六色的灯笼”英文表达为“colourful lanterns”，时态与主句一致，使用一般过去时，此处应填“put up the colourful lanterns”。第二空：“变得生机勃勃”英文表达为“come alive”，主句为一般过去时，使用过去式形式“came alive”。故填put up the colourful lanterns；came alive。 5．在闲暇时间，爷爷总是会和我分享他过去的生活。 In his spare time, my grandpa always shares with me about his life used to be . 【答案】 what like 【详解】分析句子可知about后面缺少宾语从句，结合汉语提示可知，what his life used to be like“过去的生活什么样”，故填what；like。 6．My sister used to be giving a speech in public. 我的妹妹过去常常害怕公开的演讲。 【答案】 afraid of 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“害怕”，其对应的英文表达是be afraid of。故填afraid；of。 7．从小学会管理时间对每个人来说都很必要。 It is necessary for everyone to learn to from an early age. 【答案】manage time 【详解】句意：从小学会管理时间对每个人来说都很必要。根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“管理时间”。learn to后接动词原形，应用manage time。故填manage time。 8．你能支持你的朋友，并帮助他们度过一段艰难时期，这很了不起。这就是朋友的意义。 It is cool you to your friends and help them go through a difficult time. That’s friends . 【答案】 of stand by what are for 【详解】由“cool”可知，此处强调人的品质，英文句子应用“It is+形容词+of sb. to do sth.”句型，第一空应填介词of；stand by意为“支持”，stand位于动词不定式符号to之后，所以stand保持原形；That’s what friends are for意为“这就是朋友的意义”。故填of；stand；by；what；are；for。 9．我们将努力用最少的时间和钱完成这项工作。 We’ll try to spend finishing the work. 【答案】the least time and money 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“最少的时间和钱”。least“最少的”，形容词最高级，其前要加定冠词the；time“时间”，不可数名词，money“钱”，不可数名词；and“和”，并列连词。故填the least time and money。 10．孩子们应该多花些时间运动，而不是玩手机。 Kids should spend more time exercising playing with mobile phones. 【答案】instead of 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“而不是”的英文instead of，固定短语。其后可跟动名词。故填instead of。 11．这个女孩既不喜欢唱歌，也不喜欢跳舞，但她偏爱弹钢琴。 The girl enjoys neither singing nor dancing, but she prefers to . 【答案】play the piano 【详解】play the piano弹钢琴，prefer to do sth.更喜欢做某事，偏爱做某事，所以此处动词用原形，故填play the piano。 12．事实上，我和汤姆一开始都不同意他们的看法。 In fact, neither Tom nor I agreed with them . 【答案】in the beginning/at first 【详解】一开始：in the beginning/at first，故填in the beginning/at first。 13．She prefers walking around to sitting in the sofa after supper. (保持句意基本不变) She would rather around than in the sofa after supper. 【答案】 walk sit 【详解】句意：晚饭后她宁愿在周围散步也不愿意坐在沙发上。“would rather do sth than do sth”与“perfer doing sth to doing sth”是同义词词组，意为“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”。故填walk；sit。     14．他宁可严格要求自己也不愿意放弃自己的梦想。 He would rather his dream. 【答案】be strict with himself than give up 【详解】中英对照可知，空处意为“严格要求自己也不愿意放弃”，be strict with sb.意为“对某人要求严格”，符合语境；give up意为“放弃”，符合语境；than意为“比……”，符合语境；“would rather”后加动词原形，“than”后面通常跟的是与前面部分相对应的形式，以保持平行结构，故此处也加动词原形；根据句意“严格要求自己”，be strict with后加反身代词。故填be strict with himself than give up。 15．在环保活动展览上，一个由废弃塑料瓶制成的精美花瓶立刻吸引了他的目光。 At the environmental protection exhibition, a beautiful vase made of used plastic bottles immediately . 【答案】 caught his eye 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处应用catch one’s eye“吸引某人的目光”，此句应用一般过去时，因此用caught；his“他的”。故填caught；his；eye。 16．玛丽取得了如此大的进步，以至于老师表扬了她。 Mary made great progress the teacher praised her. 【答案】 such that 【详解】根据中英文对应可知，需要翻译“如此……以至于……”，再根据“great progress”可知，此处强调名词，用“such...that...”。故填such；that。 17．上个周末除了Tom，我们都去野餐了，因为他生病了。 Last weekend, us went for a picnic except Tom because he was ill. 【答案】all of 【详解】根据中英文对照，空处缺少“……都”，其英文表达为all of，固定搭配，表示“……的全部，所有”。故填all of。 18．除了打招呼，她没说其他的事。 She didn’t say except greeting. 【答案】 anything else 【详解】中英文对照可知，此处缺少中文“其他的事”的翻译，anything else意为“其他的事（物）”。在否定句和疑问句中，我们通常使用anything而不是something。故填anything；else。 19．为了不缺钱，我会采纳肖雅的建议，通过卖花来赚钱。 short of money, I’ll take Xiao Ya’s advice by selling flowers. 【答案】 In order not to be to make money 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“为了不”和“赚钱”的英文表达。“为了不”对应的短语是“in order not to”，后接动词原形，句首首字母大写；“缺钱”是“be short of money”；“赚钱”对应的短语是“to make money”。故填In；order；not；to；be；to；make；money。 20．多么有用的建议啊！我该早点儿来找你。 advice! I should have come to you easier. the advice is! I should have come to you easier. 【答案】 What useful How useful 【详解】根据中英文对照分析可知，空处是感叹句，第一句中中心词是不可数名词advice，用“What+形容词+不可数名词+(主谓)！”引导感叹句；第二句中感叹句型是“How+形容词+主谓！”；useful“有用的”，形容词。故填What；useful；How；useful。 链接中考（测试时间：15分钟） （2025·浙江杭州·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Last year, I decided to research my family tree and find out a little about my family background. Thanks to the Internet, you can get a lot of information online. Let me tell you 1 discovered. I started by looking at some of the many family tree websites but they don’t have a lot 2 information. So I decided to pay for one for a year. It was quite expensive 3 worth it. Then I decided to find these 4 (relative) that I knew about. Slowly my research took me back to my great grandparents’ parents who got married in 1880. Unluckily, it was very difficult to go back further than that. I 5 (careful) tried but there was almost no information from the first half of the 6 (nineteen) century. So, instead, I decided to concentrate on my parents’ and grandparents’ brothers and sisters. I’m very glad I did. Soon after I started my research, I 7 (have) some luck. I came across an old box of letters and photographs in the attic (阁楼) of 8 (I)  parents’ home. Wedding photos, holiday photos, people I knew and people I didn’t know. My grandmother had a sister and there were some photos of my grandmother’s sister’s husband. He was 9 amazing man. He did wing walking on old planes. It was a dangerous way 10 (make) a living and the people who did it were very popular. In one of the photos there’s a big crowd of people around him asking for autographs. He looks like a rock star! 【答案】1．what 2．of 3．but 4．relatives 5．carefully 6．nineteenth 7．had 8．my 9．an 10．to make 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了作者去年决定调查自己的家谱，了解一点自己的家庭背景。 1．句意：让我告诉你我发现的东西。根据句子结构可知，此句是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，因此用what来引导，表示“什么”。故填what。 2．句意：我开始浏览一些家谱网站，但是他们没有很多的信息。根据“but they don’t have a lot… information”可知，a lot of许多，固定短语。故填of。 3．句意：它很贵但是值得。根据“It was quite expensive… worth it.”可知，它很贵但是值得，expensive“昂贵的”和worth“值得”之间是转折关系，因此用but“但是”。故填but。 4．句意：然后我决定找到这些我认识的亲戚。根据these可知，此处用名词复数，relative“亲戚”的复数是relatives。故填relatives。 5．句意：我仔细地尝试了，但是19世纪上半叶几乎没有信息。根据句子结构可知，此处用副词修饰动词tried, careful“认真的”副词是carefully。故填carefully。 6．句意：我仔细地尝试了，但是19世纪上半叶几乎没有信息。根据定冠词the可知，此处用序数词，nineteen“十九”的序数词是nineteenth。故填nineteenth。 7．句意：我开始研究后不久，就有了一些好运。根据“Soon after I started my research, I… some luck.”可知，本句是一般过去时，此处应用have的过去式had。故填had。 8．句意：我在阁楼里发现了装满信件和照片的旧盒子，那是我父母的家。根据“I came across an old box of letters and photographs in the attic of… parents’ home.”可知，此处应用I的形容词性物主代词my修饰名词home。故填my。 9．句意：他是个令人惊叹的人。根据“He was… amazing man.”可知，此处泛指一个令人惊叹的人，且amazing以元音音素开头，所以，an“一个”符合题意。故填an。 10．句意：这是一种危险的谋生方式，从事这种方式的人非常受欢迎。根据“It was a dangerous way… a living and the people who did it were very popular.”可知，a way to do sth.“一个做某事的方式”，不定式作定语修饰名词a way，所以，此处应用to make。故填to make。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 Units 11~14教材核心知识串讲（期末复习讲义） 单元 知识点 常考题型 命题趋势 Unit 11-14 1.be supposed to 2.as soon as “一….就…. ”， 3.be used to “习惯于，习惯”； 4.except、besides、except for的用法区别： 5.suggestion、advice的用法区别：6.make 的用法 7.would rather 8.neither...nor...“既不…也 不…； …和…都不”，9.both、either、neither的用法比较： 10.all、whole的用法比较： 11.rather than 并非; 而不是（是一个并列连词） 12.leave sth. +地点和forget 13.above、over、on“在…之上”；的用法区别： 14.find out, look for 与 find用法比较： 15.cost、spend、pay、take同义，但用法有区别： 16.It is +adj. for sb. to do...“做某事对某人来说是……”17.help sb. with sth.“帮助某人做某事” 18.work out的用法19.cut down的用法 20.约数表达法21.both, either, neither, all, none 单项选择 语法选择 语法填空等 1.注重素养：更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。 2.情境化突出：借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境，将语法考察与实际生活相结合。 3.文化传承与价值导向明显：注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。 知识点01 be supposed to do sth.是“应该……”， 与should用法相似。否定形式是be not supposed to do sth，意为“不应该……”。 You are supposed to harder.你应该更努力学习。 You are supposed to eat so much.你不应该吃这么多。 Drivers are supposed to the seat belt when driving.司机开车的时候应当系好安全带。 知识点02 as soon as “一….就…. ” （引导时间状语从句，若主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时；若主句用过去时，从句也要用过去时。） I’ll go to visit my aunt in England as soon as the summer holidays start.暑假一开始我就去英国看我姑姑。 －Henry, please call us as soon as you in China. －OK. I’ll do that, Mom.亨利，你一到中国就给我们打电话。好的，妈妈，我一到就打。 As soon as I in，he cried out with pleasure.我一进来，他就高兴地叫起来。 知识点03 be used to “习惯于，习惯” 其中的 to 是介词，所以其后要接名词或动名词(不能接动词原形)；若要强调从不习惯到习惯的过程，可用 get, become 等代替动词 be。如： He is used to after himself. 他已习惯于自己照顾自己。 I’m sure I’ll get used to the hard work. 我相信我会习惯这艰苦工作的。 【注】：be used to 有时可能是动词 use 的被动语态结构 (此时意为“被用来”，其中的 to 为不定式符号，其后要接动词原形)。如： A hammer is used to in nails. 锤子是用来钉钉子的。 【区别】used to 意为“过去经常”，其中的 to 是不定式符号，而不是介词，所以其后只接动词原形(不能接动名词)。 如： He used to in Paris. 他过去一直住在巴黎。 知识点04 except、besides、except for的用法区别： except 意为“除……之外”，不包括except后面的内容，前后叙述为同类。 besides 意为“除……之外（还）”，包括besides后面的内容。 except for 是一个固定词组，表示的含义是除了这一点，其余都很好。 Everybody is in the classroom Li hua.除了李华所有人都在教室。 Meimei，Daming and I went to the park Lingling.除了玲玲，我和梅梅和大明都去了公园。 Lisa is nice for her carelessness. Lisa很优秀，除了她的粗心。 知识点05 suggestion、advice的用法区别： suggestion 可数名词 a suggestion一条建议 ，some/many suggestions advice 不可数名词 a piece of advice一条建议，some advice，不能用many I’ll give you some , Mike; don’t try.迈克，我要给你些忠告，别去试。 I made a few about how we could spend the afternoon.我提了几条关于下午活动安排的建议。 知识点06 make 的用法 当make的意思是“做、制造、制作”时，常用的句型是： (1) make sth. 意为“制造某物”。 She can make kites. 她会制作风筝。 (2) make sb. sth. / make sth. for sb. 意为“为某人制作某物”。 His mother made him a beautiful coat. / His mother made a beautiful coat for him. 他的母亲为他缝制了一件漂亮的外衣。 (3) 被动语态中常用be made of / from, be made in, be made by等短语来表示 ①be made of “….是由….制成的”（能看出原材料） ②be made from“….是由….制成的”（不能看出原材料） ③be made in“……是在（某地）制造” ④be made by “由/被某人制造” ⑤be made into“被制成；被做成…” ⑥be made up of“由….组成” Wine is made grapes. 酒是由葡萄酿制成的。 These cars were made Changchun. 这些汽车是在长春制造的。 知识点07 would rather ，“宁愿；宁可；更喜欢” 后跟动词原形. 常用来表示选择的意愿。没有人称和数的变化，其中would 常缩写成’d 形式 would rather do sth. =prefer to do sth.宁愿做某事 I would rather at home because it’s cold outside.我宁愿呆在家里，因为外面冷。 He used to play computer games all night, but now he would rather his time on his lessons than on the Internet. 他过去常常整夜玩电脑游戏,但现在他宁愿把时间花在功课上也不上网了。 否定句：would rather not do sth.宁愿不做某事 He would rather not to jazz. 他宁愿不听爵士乐。 疑问句：将would提到句首 Would you rather stay at home or play tennis with us?你宁愿呆在家里还是和我一起打网球？ would rather do than do= prefer to do rather than do宁愿做某事而不愿做某事（than 所连接的词语必须与前面的词语在词性和结构上保持一致） I would rather TV at home than go out for a walk. 我宁愿在家里看电视也不愿出去散步。 知识点08 neither...nor...“既不…也 不…； …和…都不”， 其含义是否定的，可连接任意两个并列的成份，谓语动词的单复数采取“就近原则”。 I have neither money nor time. 我既没有钱也没有时间。 Neither Tom nor his sisters at home.汤姆和姐妹们都不在家。 类似结构： ①either…or…意为“或者…或者…;不是…就是…”，表示两者之一，连接句子中两个并列的成分，谓语动词的单复数采取“就近原则”。 Either you or I going there tomorrow. 明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。 ②both…and…“既…又…”, 连接任意两个并列成份，做主语是谓语动词用复数。 Both you and I going there tomorrow. 明天我们俩都要去那里。 知识点09 both、either、neither的用法比较： both （两者）都 可作代词、形容词；作形容词时后接名词复数，作主语时，动词用复数。三者以上“都”用all。 Both of the brothers here. / Both brothers are here. 兄弟俩都在这儿。 either （两者中）任意一个 可作代词、形容词；作形容词时后接名词单数，作主语时，动词用单数。三者中“任意一个”用any。 Either of the books will do. / Either book will do. 两本书中哪一本都行。 neither （两者）都不 可作代词、形容词；作形容词时后接名词单数，作主语时，动词用单数。三者“都不”用none。 Neither of the stories interesting. /Neither story is interesting. 两个故事都没有趣。 知识点10 all、whole的用法比较 相同点 all 全部、都、整个的 用在冠词、所有格或其他限定词前；修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词或物质名词 all the time，all my life，all the milk whole 用在冠词、所有格或其他限定词后；修饰可数名词单数，不修饰不可数名词或物质名词 the whole time，my whole life 知识点11 rather than 并非; 而不是（是一个并列连词） The most valuable thing is time, rather than money.最珍贵的是时间, 而不是金钱 1) rather than 与would 连用时，构成“would rather...than...”句式，意思是“宁愿…而不愿…”，表示主观愿望，即在两者之中选择其一。 She'd rather than the children. 她宁愿死也不愿失去孩子们。 2）rather than 不与would连用时，表示客观事实，意为“(是…) 而不是…；与其…不如…”。 它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。 I decided to write rather than (to) telephone. 我决定写信而不是打电话 It’s hot rather than warm today.与其说今天暖和不如说今天热。 知识点12 leave sth. +地点和forget leave sth. +地点“把某物忘在某处” forget意为“遗忘某物”，指忘记一件具体的东西，但不能有具体的地点。 forget还有forget to do sth.忘记做某事（未做），forget doing sth.忘记做某事（已做） I my book on the desk. 我把书忘在了桌子上。 I my umbrella yesterday .我昨天忘了带伞。 注意： 英语中表示“把某物遗忘在某处”，常用 leave + 地点，而不是forget+地点。 leave构成的短语： leave for +地点 离开去某地 leave a message 留言 ask for leave 请假 leave school (中学) 毕业 leave one by oneself=leave sb alone 把某人单独留下 知识点13 above、over、on“在…之上”；的用法区别 on 表示在一物体上，强调两物相接触。 She put her coat on the bed. 她把大衣放在床上。 The woman lifted a big jar on her head. 那位妇女头上顶着一只大坛子。 over ①表示在一物体上，但强调覆盖这一物体。 She put her coat over the sleeping baby. 她把大衣盖在那正在睡觉的孩子身上。 ②表示垂直向上，比较精确，其反义词为under。 The lamp is over the table.灯在桌子上方。 above 表示位置高于某人或某物。但不一定是正上方，反义词是below。 The moon is now above the trees.月亮正位于树梢上。 知识点14 find out, look for 与 find用法比较 find out 强调经过调查、询问、研究等曲折过程后才能找出。 Please find out when the train leaves. 请查明火车什么时间离开。 find 意为“发现，找到”，强调寻找的结果。 I can't find my pet dog.我找不到我的宠物狗。 look for 意为“寻找”，强调寻找的过程。 I'm looking for it everywhere.我正在到处找它。 知识点15 no more = not any more “不再”；与no longer = not any longer 同义 ①no more中more是many/much的比较级，more有again之意，着重表示数量或程度的减少。 You can drink no more. = You can't drink any more. 你不能再喝了。 Now she wasn't afraid any more. 现在她再也不害怕了。 ②no longer中longer 是副词long的比较级，着重表示时间的不再延续。常修饰动词live、wait、work等。 Don't wait any longer. 别再等了。 She could not keep up with him any longer.她不能再赶上他了。 知识点16 cost、spend、pay、take同义，但用法有区别 cost 多指花费金钱，主语通常是物，常用于sth. cost(s) sb. some money句型。 The new dress cost Linda 88 yuan.新连衣裙花费琳达88元。 spend 多表示花费时间和金钱，主语通常是人，常用于① sb. spend(s) some time / money on sth.② sb. spend(s) some time / money (in) doing sth.两种句型。 David spent 2,000 yuan on the new machine. My father spends an hour (in) watching the news on TV every day. pay 多表示花费金钱，主语通常是人，常用于 sb. pay(s) some money for sth.句型。 Tommy paid 20 yuan for his breakfast yesterday. take take 多表示花费时间，常用于 It takes sb. some time to do sth. 这一句型中，其中 it 作形式主语。 It usually takes me 40 minutes to cook the dinner. 他们花了两年时间修建这座桥。 They spent two years on this bridge. = They spent two years (in) this bridge. = It took them two years build this bridge. 我花了2000元买这台新电脑。 I spent 2000 yuan on the new computer. = I spent 2000 yuan (in) the new computer. = The new computer me 2000 yuan. = I 2000 yuan for the new computer. 知识点17 ①It is +adj. for sb. to do...“做某事对某人来说是……” ②It is +adj. of sb. to do...“做某事对某人来说是……” ①It is +adj. for sb. to do...“做某事对某人来说是……”；表示说话人对客观事件的决断性，其中形容词常用：easy、difficult、hard，important，dangerous，（im）possible等。 It’s very dangerous children to cross the busy street.对孩子们来说，穿过繁忙的街道很危险。 It’s difficult us to finish the work. 对我们来说，完成这项工作很困难。 ②It is +adj. of sb. to do...“做某事对某人来说是……”；表示说话人对客观事物的高兴、惊讶、遗憾、难过等情绪，表现的是人的性格、品质或特征，其中形容词常用：kind，good，nice，right，wrong，clever，careless，polite，foolish等。 It’s very kind you to help me. 你能帮我，真好。 It’s clever you to work out the maths problem.你真聪明，解出了这道数学题。 注意：of sb. 的句型通常都可转换为不定式作状语的句子，但for sb. 句型不可以。 It’s very nice of you to offer me a seat. = You are nice to offer me a seat. 十分感谢你给我让座。 It is careless of him to lose so many things. = He is careless to lose so many things. 他丢了这么多东西，真是太粗心了。 知识点18 help sb. with sth.“帮助某人做某事” Lucy often helps her mother with housework on Sunday.露西在星期天经常帮助妈妈做家务。 help 构成的短语： help oneself (to)“随便吃” can’t help doing sth“禁不住做某事” with the help of“在……的帮助下” Children，help to some fruits.孩子们，请随便吃些水果吧。 I couldn’t help .我忍不住哭了。 the help of the neighbors，the fire was at last brought under control0.在邻居们的帮助下，或是终于开展住了。 知识点19 work out的用法 work out 是固定搭配，表示“算出；解决”。 Anybody can work out the answer.任何人都能算出答案。 She has some problems. She doesn't know how to work them out.她有一些问题。她不知道如何解决它们。 归纳拓展 常见的“动词＋out”的短语还有： find out发现；查明 sell out卖完；售光 go out 出去 hang out 闲逛 take out取出；拿出 put out 熄灭 look out当心；小心 come out出来；出版 leave out忽略；不提及；不包括 run out用完；跑出去 Before I go to the USA, I should carefully__________ how much money I need to take. A. put out B. stay out C. sell out D. work out 知识点20 cut down的用法及常见的cut短语 cut down 是固定搭配，意为“减少；削减”。 I help cut down air pollution by riding a bicycle to work.我通过骑自行车去上班的方式帮助减少空气污染。 温馨提示 cut down 还有“砍伐；砍倒”之意，通常和树木（tree)等搭配。 We cut down trees to make furniture and paper.我们伐树制造家具和纸。 归纳拓展 常见的“动词＋down”结构的短语还有： calm down使镇静 lie down 躺下 sit down坐下 count down倒数 break down出故障 write down写下；记下 put down放下；写下 pull down拆毁；摧毁 -To protect the environment, we shouldn't___________ so many trees. -That's true. We should plant more trees instead. A. write down B. cut down C. count down D. break down 知识点21约数表达法 hundreds of是固定搭配，意为“数以百计的；成百上千的”，它属于约数表达法，表达模糊的数字概念。 There are hundreds of passengers waiting at the airport.有数百名乘客正在机场等候。 归纳拓展 常见的约数表达法： hundreds of 数以百计的 thousands of 数以千计的 millions of 数百万的 billions of数十亿的易错提醒 如果 hundred、thousand、million、billion前有具体数字，则要用它们的单数形式，并且其后也不必加介词of,此时表达的是确切的数字概念。 He walked two hundred miles in eight days.他在八天内走了200英里。 -Look! Over___________ people are shopping in the huge market. -Yes. I really hate going to a place like that. A. three thousands B. three thousands of C. three thousand D. three thousand of 知识点22 both, either, neither, all, none both 表示“两者都”。both...and...表示“…和…·都”，连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式 either 表示“（两者中的）任何一个”。either...or...表示“要么··...·要么…;或者·..·或者·.....” neither 表示“两者都不”。neither...nor...表示“既不·..··也不…” all 表示“三者或三者以上都”，它和none 互为反义词 none 表示“三者或三者以上都不”，它可以和介词of搭配 易错提醒 当either...or...和 neither...nor...连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词在人称和数上要和离它近的主语保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。 Either you or he has to hand in the report.不是你就是他得把报告交上来。 Neither you nor I am fit for the work.你和我都不适合这份工作。 -Which of the two T-shirts do you want? -__________ One is too big and the other is too small. Could you show me another one? A. Either B. Both C. Neither 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 1．—What does “Keep one’s word” mean? —It means an honest and responsible person is supposed to ________ what he has promised. A．carry out B．break out C．turn out D．hand out 2．Children are supposed to learn ________ different subjects ________ good manners, which are helpful to them for their future life. A．not; but B．either; or C．not only; but also 3．We should take responsibility for our actions, ________ we are young. A．even though B．as soon as C．as long as D．ever since 4．________ Jim fell down in the 1,500-meter race, he didn’t give up and went on running. A．As long as B．Even though C．As soon as D．So that 5．We all shouted “Happy New Year” ________ the clock began to strike twelve. A．before B．while C．as soon as D．as long as 6．—Bruce ________ so much in the past two years. —Yeah, he ________ be shy, but now he is outgoing and active. A．has changed; used to B．changed; is used to C．has changed; is used to 7．Mike _________ afraid of dogs, but now he can play with them. A．is used to being B．used to being C．used to be 8．—Is ________ here? —No, we are all here ________ Peter. A．anybody; except B．anybody; besides C．everybody; besides D．everybody; except 9．—Did you study any other foreign language ________ English when you were at college? —Yes, I studied three. But I have forgotten all ________ a few words of each. A．besides; besides B．besides; except C．but; except D．except; except 10．Our teacher ________ us some good ________ on the studies so far. A．gave; suggestion B．give; advice C．has given; advices D．has given; suggestions 11．She gave me ________ on how to improve my English speaking skills. A．plenty of advice B．plenty of advices C．a plenty advice D．plenties advice 12．This cup is similar to that one, but actually they are made ______ different materials. A．from B．in C．of 13．The temperature of a planet ________ its distance from the Sun. A．is afraid of B．is full of C．is related to D．is made of 14．The traditional dress ________ silk. A．is made in B．is made of C．is made from D．is made by 15．—Would you like to go swimming? —I prefer ________ in autumn rather than swim. A．hiking B．to hike C．swimming D．to swim 16．The boy bought photos ________ games ________ making phone calls. A．play, would rather B．to play, instead of C．to play, rather 17．I don’t like taking a bus during rush hour. I would rather ________ a bike. A．to ride B．riding C．ride D．rode 18．Neither Millie nor Shirley ________ Australia before, but they know the country very well. A．has gone to B．has been to C．have gone to D．have been to 19．Neither my friend nor I _______ tired of this work although it is a bit boring. A．are B．is C．am D．were 20．—Which do you prefer, tea or coffee? —Either. ________ tea ________ coffee are my favorite. A．Not only; but also B．Both; and C．Neither; nor 21．Either Mary ________ Lucy told him to come to see us. A．or B．and C．with D．nor 22．—Could you go shopping with me this afternoon? —Either I or Lucy ________ going shopping with you. Because one of us has to do housework at home. A．am B．is C．are 23．Most students spend too much time ________ computer games. A．playing B．play C．to play D．plays 24．The trip to Hainan by air ________ five days and ________ about 2,000 yuan. A．spends; costs B．takes; spends C．takes; costs D．spends; takes 25．Amy likes ________ the guitar, but her brother Tom usually spends much time ________ chess. A．play; playing B．plays; to play C．playing; to play D．to play; playing 26．My house is in the ________ area. It’s easy for me to go to other places from here. A．bright B．tidy C．rich D．central 27．Tom, before going shopping, you’d better ________ all the things you need in a shopping list. A．cut down B．take down C．lay down D．look down 28．— What do you think of the film Death To Rights 《南京照相馆》? — It’s moving. It ________ Chinese people ________ the history of protecting truth in the war. A．reminds; of B．lets; down C．wakes; up D．cheers; up 29．When he walked along the street, he looked ahead and saw a small house about ________ meters away. A．hundreds of B．hundred C．one hundred D．hundreds 30．There are over ________ students in our school. And ________ of them are boys. A．four hundred; three fifth B．four hundreds; three fifths C．four hundred; three fifths 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） （2025九年级·辽宁·专题练习）阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺连贯。 Xi’an is the capital city of Shaanxi province. It lies in 1 north of China. The city’s early history is often connected with Liu Bang, who started the Han Dynasty and made Xi’an his capital. He 2 (give) it the name Chang’an. During the Tang Dynasty, Xi’an achieved its great importance. Korea and Japan followed Xi’an’s example in 3 (build) their ancient capitals. Many things from ancient times can still be found in Xi’an today. The city wall—one of the few city walls still left in China, is a good example. It 4 (go) around the city and is an important cultural site. In central Xi’an there is the Bell Tower—the 5 (large) bell tower remaining in China. The bell was first designed as an emergency alarm to warn of danger, 6 it was very often used to tell people the time. While Xi’an is a city 7 a long history, it is also very much a part of the modern world. It is best 8 (know) as a center for software research, development and services. Historically, Xi’an has always been a city of art, industry and business that have placed it far in front of many other 9 (city). Xi’an is a city always remaking 10 (it) and looking forward, all the while keeping the best of the past. 易混易错（测试时间：10分钟） 1．你应该一分为二地看待事情，以便做出正确的决定。 You are supposed to things two sides when you treat them, so that you can make correct decisions. 2．每个人应该竭尽所能处理这个问题。 Everyone is supposed to do what they can with the problem. 3．你一到伦敦就请给我打电话。 Please call me as soon as you London. 4．我们一挂上五颜六色的灯笼，整个房子就在闪烁的灯光中变得生机勃勃。 As soon as we , the whole house with twinkling lights. 5．在闲暇时间，爷爷总是会和我分享他过去的生活。 In his spare time, my grandpa always shares with me about his life used to be . 6．My sister used to be giving a speech in public. 我的妹妹过去常常害怕公开的演讲。 7．从小学会管理时间对每个人来说都很必要。 It is necessary for everyone to learn to from an early age. 8．你能支持你的朋友，并帮助他们度过一段艰难时期，这很了不起。这就是朋友的意义。 It is cool you to your friends and help them go through a difficult time. That’s friends . 9．我们将努力用最少的时间和钱完成这项工作。 We’ll try to spend finishing the work. 10．孩子们应该多花些时间运动，而不是玩手机。 Kids should spend more time exercising playing with mobile phones. 11．这个女孩既不喜欢唱歌，也不喜欢跳舞，但她偏爱弹钢琴。 The girl enjoys neither singing nor dancing, but she prefers to . 12．事实上，我和汤姆一开始都不同意他们的看法。 In fact, neither Tom nor I agreed with them . 13．She prefers walking around to sitting in the sofa after supper. (保持句意基本不变) She would rather around than in the sofa after supper. 14．他宁可严格要求自己也不愿意放弃自己的梦想。 He would rather his dream. 15．在环保活动展览上，一个由废弃塑料瓶制成的精美花瓶立刻吸引了他的目光。 At the environmental protection exhibition, a beautiful vase made of used plastic bottles immediately . 16．玛丽取得了如此大的进步，以至于老师表扬了她。 Mary made great progress the teacher praised her. 17．上个周末除了Tom，我们都去野餐了，因为他生病了。 Last weekend, us went for a picnic except Tom because he was ill. 18．除了打招呼，她没说其他的事。 She didn’t say except greeting. 19．为了不缺钱，我会采纳肖雅的建议，通过卖花来赚钱。 short of money, I’ll take Xiao Ya’s advice by selling flowers. 20．多么有用的建议啊！我该早点儿来找你。 advice! I should have come to you easier. the advice is! I should have come to you easier. 链接中考（测试时间：15分钟） （2025·浙江杭州·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Last year, I decided to research my family tree and find out a little about my family background. Thanks to the Internet, you can get a lot of information online. Let me tell you 1 discovered. I started by looking at some of the many family tree websites but they don’t have a lot 2 information. So I decided to pay for one for a year. It was quite expensive 3 worth it. Then I decided to find these 4 (relative) that I knew about. Slowly my research took me back to my great grandparents’ parents who got married in 1880. Unluckily, it was very difficult to go back further than that. I 5 (careful) tried but there was almost no information from the first half of the 6 (nineteen) century. So, instead, I decided to concentrate on my parents’ and grandparents’ brothers and sisters. I’m very glad I did. Soon after I started my research, I 7 (have) some luck. I came across an old box of letters and photographs in the attic (阁楼) of 8 (I)  parents’ home. Wedding photos, holiday photos, people I knew and people I didn’t know. My grandmother had a sister and there were some photos of my grandmother’s sister’s husband. He was 9 amazing man. He did wing walking on old planes. It was a dangerous way 10 (make) a living and the people who did it were very popular. In one of the photos there’s a big crowd of people around him asking for autographs. He looks like a rock star! 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $