Unit 3 My hometown 冠词和方位介词（单元核心语法精练）英语新教材译林版七年级下册

Unit 3 My hometown 核心语法精练（冠词和方位介词） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、单项选择之冠词 7 二、单项选择之方位介词 3 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型一 语法填空 11 题型二 阅读理解 12 冠词的用法 不定冠词a/an 定冠词 the 零冠词（即名词前不加冠词） 用于第一次提到的人或物前 如：This is an apple. 指上文已经提到的人或事物 球类/棋类名词前 如：play basketball/ chess 泛指某人/某物，表示数量“一” 如：It's an English book. 特指某人或某物 如：The boy under the tree is Tom. 与by 连用的交通工具前 如：by bike/ bus 用在序数词前表示“又一；再一” 如：a third try 用在序数词/最高级前 如：the first time/ the best 人名/ 地名/ 国家名 如：Mike / Beijing / China 固定搭配： 用在形容词前，表示一类人 星期/ 月份/ 季节/ 一日三餐 如：Sunday / April / Summer / lunch a lot of 许多 a few 有一些 for a while 暂时 have a cold 感冒 have a good time 玩得开心 如：The young should respect the old. 用在独一无二的事物前 如：the sun/ moon/ sky 学科/ 语言 如：maths / English 用在姓氏复数前表示一家人 如：the Greens 名词前已有物主代词/ 指示代词 修饰 【注意】 用在弹奏西洋乐器前： 固定搭配： a 用在辅音音素开头的单词前 an 用在元音音素开头的单词前 （元音字母不等于元音发音） 如： play the piano/ violin in bed 在床上 on foot 步行 day and night 日日夜夜 in spring 在春天 have breakfast 吃早餐 go to hospital 去医院 teach history 教历史 固定搭配： 【常考】 an hour an honest girl a university at the same time 同时 at the age of 在……岁时 by the way 顺便一提 方位介词 方位介词 含义 注意 at 在……处 指在某一点，常用于较小的地点 in 在……处 相对于at，常用于较大的地点 on 在……上 指在某一平面上 above 在……上方 表示"高于某物" below 在……下方 表示"低于某物" over 在……上方 指在垂直正上方 under 在……下方 指在垂直正下方 in front of 在……前面 指在某物外部的前面，注意与 in the front of的区别， 后者指在某物内部的前面 behind 在……后面 指在某物的后面 inside 在……里面 outside 在．…外面 beside 在…旁边 next to 在．…旁边 相当于beside between 在……中间 between通常表示在两者之间，among表示"在三者（或 以上）之间" 一、单项选择之冠词 1．Fengming Tower, ________ amazing tower, is fantastic with the colourful lights at night. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．—Do you often play ________ basketball after school? —Of course. A．a B．the C．an D．/ 3．Nanjing is _________ capital of Jiangsu. It plays an important role in China. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 4．—What do you think of ________ film Ne Zha 2? —Oh, it’s wonderful. It tells us ________ unusual story about Ne Zha’s growth. A．the; an B．a; an C．the; a D．a; a 5．—What do you think of ________ film about pandas? —It’s really ________ educational one. It tells us how to protect them. A．the; a B．a; an C．the; an D．a; the 6．The Bird’s Nest is ________ modern stadium and ________ important building in Beijing. A．a; a B．the; the C．an; the D．a; an 7．— How do you like ________ film Ne Zha 2? — It is so wonderful that I want to see it again. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 8．—What do you think of ________ film Nezha Ⅱ? —It is so wonderful! And it is my ________ third time to watch it. A．a; the B．a; / C．the; the D．the; / 9．People in Yangzhou held ________ exciting event to welcome their ________ twenty-fourth Tourism Festival on April 18, 2025. A．a; the B．an; the C．an; / D．a; / 10．Sandy is always ________ first in her class to get to school. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 11．Tom works as __________ engineer in the capital city of Jiangsu Province. A．/ B．the C．a D．an 12．—Is there ________ hospital near here? —No. The hospital is far. You have to go to the hospital by ________ bus. A．the; the B．the; / C．a; / D．a; the 13．—Did you watch ________ film Nezha? —Of course. It is ________ exciting film. A．a; an B．the; the C．the; an D．a; the 14．Li Jinhao, ________ 11-year-old boy, is interested in art. He hopes to use it to build ________ bridge between the East and the West. A．a; the B．an; / C．an; a D．the; a 15．—I wonder what ________ film Nezha is like, Neil. —It is so wonderful and is now ________ popular film in the world. A．a; the B．the; the C．the; a D．a; a 16．These days, ______ new football league called the “Su Super League” (苏超联盟) is taking China by storm. A．/ B．a C．an D．the 17．________ English-Chinese dictionary on the desk is ________ useful tool (工具) for us. A．An; an B．The; a C．/; the D．An; the 18．Flying kites, ________ outdoor activity, is very popular with people of all ages. A．a B．an C．the D．不填 19．Beijing has so many places of interest. It is _________ amazing city. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 20．Beijing is ________ capital of China and it is ________ city with a long history. A．a; the B．an; the C．the;/ D．the; a 二、单项选择之方位介词 21．There are some flowers _________ the shop. The boy is _________ the shop. A．behind; inside B．in front of; outside C．behind; outside D．in front of; next to 22．Lake Park is ________ of Moonlight Middle School. A．south-east B．north-east C．south-west D．north-west 23．Our school is ________ the park. That’s why the air here is always fresh. A．next to B．between C．above D．below 24．The bookshop is on ________ side of the street. You must go ________ the road to buy books. A．other; across B．the other; across C．other; through D．the other; through 25．Taiwan lies ________ the southeast of China, and it is ________ the east of Fujian. A．on; to B．in; to C．in; in D．in; on 26．—Look! I just can’t do this movement perfectly! What should I do? —Well, in Dunhuang dance, this part needs you to lift your hands ______ your head. A．across B．under C．below D．above 27．An old man is standing ________ a tree in the siheyuan. A．between B．inside C．beside D．among 28．Look at the picture. There is a bird cage ________ the boy’s head. A．above B．behind C．on D．beside 29．To find the treasure, you should swim ________ a big river and then get through the forest. A．across B．through C．past D．below 30．I spent a day cycling west ________ the river. A．in B．on C．along D．above 31．The Yangtze River is very long and most of it runs ________ mountains. A．by B．across C．above D．through 32．—Where are we going to have a picnic? —I know there are some beautiful parks ________ the Yangtze River. A．across B．over C．along D．through 33．Look at the picture, the girl is reading ________ the tree. A．in B．on C．below D．under 34．My friend Amy lives on the top floor, and I live two floors _______ her. A．above B．over C．under D．below 35．—Which floor does Andy live ________?        —The ninth floor. That’s two floors ________ us. A．on；above B．/；above C．on；over D．/；over 36．From the top of the building, the cars ________ us look like little ants. A．above B．between C．beside D．below 37．The cat in Picture ________ is on the box. A． B． C． D． 38．Ants take in air ________ the holes on both sides of their body. A．across B．through C．under D．over 39．—Did you enjoy watching the volleyball game? —No. A tall man sat __________ me and kept standing up during the game. I couldn’t see the players well. A．next to B．behind C．beside D．in front of 40．Zhejiang is ________ the east of China and you can see beautiful views there. A．at B．to C．in D．on 题型一 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 Do you know Gulangyu Island? Where is it? It’s in Xiamen, China. The island is clean 1 beautiful. It’s like 2 garden on water. My family often go there on weekends. If we want to stay there, we can find a lot of 3 (hotel). We can do many things on the island. For example, we can visit some old buildings with a long history. My 4 (father) workplace is a history museum. He often visits 5 (that) old buildings on the island. We can also take a walk in the afternoon. It’s nice 6 (see) green trees and the blue sea around. My uncle and aunt always go 7 (swim) in the sea. It’s so cool! There 8 (be) some shops on the island as well. The workers in the shops are so nice. I meet a shop worker 9 (name) Lingling. She can sell things 10 English. What about the food there? The seafood on the island is quite delicious and we eat it every time we go there. Why not take a trip there? I’m sure you will fall in love with it! Dear Mary, Thank you for your last letter. I’m happy to know that you 1 (spend) your holiday in Hawaii (夏威夷) this summer. You said you wanted to know something about Hawaii. Hawaii is always a magic (有魔力的) name to people who like 2 (travel) because of the scenery (景色). People from all over the world dream of 3 (watch) the beautiful islands. It’s always one of their 4 (dream) to watch the sun going down. At weekends, my family and I often watch the sunset (日落) at the seaside. It’s really 5 (excited). Hawaii is a fun place to go. Long long ago, the first people went to Hawaii in a small boat.They found the place quite beautiful. But it was difficult for travelers 6 (go) to Hawaii at that time. And there were no big hotels like the 7 (one) today. Now things have changed. Lots of nice big hotels have been built in recent (最近的) years. However, the nice scenery in Hawaii hasn’t changed much. In the morning, many visitors can 8 (take) a walk along the water. At night, they can get together to hold parties, chatting and dancing. Now, you see Hawaii is 9 (real) a good place to visit. I’m looking forward to 10 (see) you soon . Yours, Kate 题型二 阅读理解 Do you like travelling? If so, come to our travel service. 2-day Suqian Culture Group Tour (旅行) How about going to Suqian for the weekend? You can visit King Xiang’s Hometown (项王故里) and eat nice food like salangid (银鱼) from Luoma Lake. Price: ¥690               Call us at 800-817-7233 4-day Qingdao Private (私人的) Tour Qingdao has beautiful sunshine, white beaches and clean water. You can walk along the beaches and enjoy the fresh air. Price: 1 person 2-5 persons 6-9 persons ¥669 ¥550/person ¥530/person Call us at 800-810-6288 5-day Taiwan Group Tour Taiwan is a wonderful place. You can climb A-li Mountain, go boating in Sun Moon Lake. Price: ¥8,500                  Call us at 800-850-8288        8-day London Private Tour Come to London for a few days to enjoy the Thames River and visit Big Ben. Price: ¥16,800                  Call us at 800-830-7288 1．How long is the Suqian Culture Group Tour? A．Two days. B．Four days. C．Five days. D．Eight days. 2．Mrs Li is going to take the 4-day Qingdao Private Tour with her two daughters, how much is the tour? A．¥1,590 B．¥1,650 C．¥2,007 D．¥47,400 3．If you want to go boating in Sun Moon Lake, you should call ________ . A．800-817-7223 B．800-810-6288 C．800-830-7288 D．800-850-8288 Shanxi is in North China. It’s full of wonderful places. So, are you ready to take an exciting trip to Shanxi with me? The Yellow River rushes all the way from the far west. With great force, it cuts through the cliffs (峭壁) and comes into Shanxi at Laoniu Bend (老牛湾). Look! Here, the Great Wall stands firmly, like a brave soldier (士兵) keeping watch over this amazing scenery (风景). As it continues its journey, the river winds (蜿蜒) south, clearly marking the border between Shanxi and Shaanxi. Then, it takes a sharp turn east, separating Shanxi from Henan. At Jixian county, the Hukou Waterfall makes a loud noise, with the sound echoing (回响) far and wide. In winter, long, shiny icicles (冰柱) hang from the cliffs like crystal swords. On sunny days, a bright rainbow stretches across the waterfall, connecting Shanxi and Shaanxi. The Taihang Mountains (太行山) run hundreds of kilometers from north to south, covering Beijing, Hebei, Shanxi, and Henan. These mountains are home to many precious (珍贵的) animals. Look carefully for the hard-to-find North China leopard, the colorful brown-eared pheasant (棕耳雉), and the forest musk deer (林麝).  Some cliff faces are like giant, strong rock walls. To get around, people carve (开凿) tunnel-like roads on these cliffs. When you drive on these roads, it feels like an adventure movie! You can even see small mountain streams flowing along the way. Shanxi lies on the eastern edge of the Loess Plateau (黄土高原). Rolling loess terraces (黄土梯田) seem to go on forever. On the hillsides (山坡), local people dug cave dwellings (窑洞) into the mountains. These caves are like natural shelters. In the winter, they stay very warm. In the summer, they are very cool. People living in these caves lead simple, happy lives, sharing stories and traditions passed down through generations. On festival days, the caves are decorated with red lanterns, filling the air with happiness. 1．Where does the Yellow River enter Shanxi? A．At Hukou Waterfall. B．At Laoniu Bend. C．At Jixian county. D．At the border with Shaanxi. 2．What does the word “stretches” in the second paragraph mean? A．Appears. B．Spreads. C．Hides. D．Moves. 3．How do people get around the Taihang Mountains with rock-wall cliffs? A．They climb the cliffs directly. B．They build houses on the cliffs. C．They dig tunnels through the mountains. D．They carve tunnel-like roads on the cliffs. 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To tell people how to get to Shanxi. B．To ask people to protect Shanxi’s environment. C．To introduce the natural and cultural features of Shanxi. D．To show the differences between Shanxi and other places. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 My hometown 核心语法精练（冠词和方位介词） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、单项选择之冠词 7 二、单项选择之方位介词 3 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型一 语法填空 11 题型二 阅读理解 12 冠词的用法 不定冠词a/an 定冠词 the 零冠词（即名词前不加冠词） 用于第一次提到的人或物前 如：This is an apple. 指上文已经提到的人或事物 球类/棋类名词前 如：play basketball/ chess 泛指某人/某物，表示数量“一” 如：It's an English book. 特指某人或某物 如：The boy under the tree is Tom. 与by 连用的交通工具前 如：by bike/ bus 用在序数词前表示“又一；再一” 如：a third try 用在序数词/最高级前 如：the first time/ the best 人名/ 地名/ 国家名 如：Mike / Beijing / China 固定搭配： 用在形容词前，表示一类人 星期/ 月份/ 季节/ 一日三餐 如：Sunday / April / Summer / lunch a lot of 许多 a few 有一些 for a while 暂时 have a cold 感冒 have a good time 玩得开心 如：The young should respect the old. 用在独一无二的事物前 如：the sun/ moon/ sky 学科/ 语言 如：maths / English 用在姓氏复数前表示一家人 如：the Greens 名词前已有物主代词/ 指示代词 修饰 【注意】 用在弹奏西洋乐器前： 固定搭配： a 用在辅音音素开头的单词前 an 用在元音音素开头的单词前 （元音字母不等于元音发音） 如： play the piano/ violin in bed 在床上 on foot 步行 day and night 日日夜夜 in spring 在春天 have breakfast 吃早餐 go to hospital 去医院 teach history 教历史 固定搭配： 【常考】 an hour an honest girl a university at the same time 同时 at the age of 在……岁时 by the way 顺便一提 方位介词 方位介词 含义 注意 at 在……处 指在某一点，常用于较小的地点 in 在……处 相对于at，常用于较大的地点 on 在……上 指在某一平面上 above 在……上方 表示"高于某物" below 在……下方 表示"低于某物" over 在……上方 指在垂直正上方 under 在……下方 指在垂直正下方 in front of 在……前面 指在某物外部的前面，注意与 in the front of的区别， 后者指在某物内部的前面 behind 在……后面 指在某物的后面 inside 在……里面 outside 在．…外面 beside 在…旁边 next to 在．…旁边 相当于beside between 在……中间 between通常表示在两者之间，among表示"在三者（或 以上）之间" 一、单项选择之冠词 1．Fengming Tower, ________ amazing tower, is fantastic with the colourful lights at night. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：凤鸣塔是一座令人惊叹的塔，夜晚的彩灯令人惊叹。 考查冠词。a一，泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一，泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the特指；/零冠词。根据“amazing tower”可知，此处泛指一座令人惊叹的塔，且amazing是元音音素开头的单词，填an。故选B。 2．—Do you often play ________ basketball after school? —Of course. A．a B．the C．an D．/ 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你放学后经常打篮球吗？——当然。 考查冠词的用法。a一个，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头单词前；the表特指；an一个，表泛指，用于元音音素开头单词前；/零冠词。动词play与球类名词连用时，球类名词前不加冠词。故选D。 3．Nanjing is _________ capital of Jiangsu. It plays an important role in China. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】C 【详解】句意：南京是江苏的省会。它在中国扮演着重要角色。 考查冠词。a一个，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头单词前；an一个，表泛指，用于元音音素开头单词前；the表特指；/零冠词。根据“capital of Jiangsu”可知，此处是特指江苏的省会，用定冠词。故选C。 4．—What do you think of ________ film Ne Zha 2? —Oh, it’s wonderful. It tells us ________ unusual story about Ne Zha’s growth. A．the; an B．a; an C．the; a D．a; a 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你认为电影《哪吒2》怎么样？——太棒了。它讲述了一个关于哪吒成长的不寻常的故事。 考查冠词用法。第一空特指电影《哪吒2》，所以要用定冠词the；第二空泛指一个不寻常的故事，要用不定冠词，且unusual是元音音素开头的单词，所以要用an。故选A。 5．—What do you think of ________ film about pandas? —It’s really ________ educational one. It tells us how to protect them. A．the; a B．a; an C．the; an D．a; the 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你觉得那部关于熊猫的电影怎么样？——这确实是一部很有教育意义的电影。它向我们讲述了如何保护它们。 考查冠词的用法。第一处特指那部关于熊猫的电影，用定冠词the；第二处表泛指，“educational”以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故选C。 6．The Bird’s Nest is ________ modern stadium and ________ important building in Beijing. A．a; a B．the; the C．an; the D．a; an 【答案】D 【详解】句意：鸟巢是北京一座现代化的体育场和一座重要的建筑。 考查冠词的用法。a一，不定冠词表泛指，用在以辅音音素开头的单词前；an一，不定冠词表泛指，用在以元音音素开头的单词前；the，定冠词，表特指。根据句意，此处泛指鸟巢是一座现代化体育场和一座重要建筑，“modern”以辅音音素/m/开头，故第一个空用a；“important”以元音音素/ɪ/开头，故第二个空用an。故选D。 7．— How do you like ________ film Ne Zha 2? — It is so wonderful that I want to see it again. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你觉得《哪吒2》这部电影怎么样？——它太棒了，我想再看一遍。 考查冠词。a不定冠词，表泛指；an不定冠词，表泛指；the定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。根据“How do you like...film Ne Zha 2?”可知，此处特指《哪吒2》这部电影，应用定冠词the。故选C。 8．—What do you think of ________ film Nezha Ⅱ? —It is so wonderful! And it is my ________ third time to watch it. A．a; the B．a; / C．the; the D．the; / 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你觉得《哪吒Ⅱ》这部电影怎么样？——它太精彩了！ 这是我第三次看它。 考查冠词用法。根据“...film Nezha Ⅱ”可知，第一空是特指《哪吒Ⅱ》这部电影，需用定冠词the；第二个空考查的是序数词前有物主代词时，无需再用冠词the。故选D。 9．People in Yangzhou held ________ exciting event to welcome their ________ twenty-fourth Tourism Festival on April 18, 2025. A．a; the B．an; the C．an; / D．a; / 【答案】C 【详解】句意：扬州人民在2025年4月18日举办了一场激动人心的活动，欢迎第二十四届旅游节的到来。 考查冠词用法。第一空：event为可数名词单数，且exciting以元音音素/ɪ/开头，需用不定冠词an，表“一场”；第二空：序数词twenty-fourth前有形容词性物主代词，此处用零冠词。故选C。 10．Sandy is always ________ first in her class to get to school. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】C 【详解】句意：桑迪总是她班上第一个到学校的。 考查冠词。a一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。根据“first in her class to get to school”可知，此处指“第一个到学校的”，序数词前要加定冠词the。故选C。 11．Tom works as __________ engineer in the capital city of Jiangsu Province. A．/ B．the C．a D．an 【答案】D 【详解】句意：汤姆在江苏省的省会城市当一名工程师。 考查冠词。/不填；the定冠词，表特指；a一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前。根据“Tom works as…engineer in the capital city of Jiangsu Province.”可知，此处泛指一名工程师，且engineer以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an修饰。故选D。 12．—Is there ________ hospital near here? —No. The hospital is far. You have to go to the hospital by ________ bus. A．the; the B．the; / C．a; / D．a; the 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——附近有医院吗？——没有，医院很远。你必须乘公共汽车去医院。 考查冠词辨析。问句中hospital表泛指，且以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a；“by+零冠词+交通工具”表示“乘某种交通工具”，by bus“乘公交车”。故选C。 13．—Did you watch ________ film Nezha? —Of course. It is ________ exciting film. A．a; an B．the; the C．the; an D．a; the 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你看过《哪吒》这部电影吗？——当然。它是一部令人兴奋的电影。 考查冠词的用法。a，不定冠词，用于以辅音音素开头的词前；an，不定冠词，用于以元音音素开头的词前。the，定冠词，表示特指。根据“film Nezha”可知，“Nezha”是电影的特定名称，用于修饰“film”，表示特指这部电影，所以用定冠词the；根据“exciting film”可知，是一部令人兴奋的电影，是泛指，且“exciting”是以元音音素/ɪ/开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an。故选C。 14．Li Jinhao, ________ 11-year-old boy, is interested in art. He hopes to use it to build ________ bridge between the East and the West. A．a; the B．an; / C．an; a D．the; a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：李金浩，一个11岁的男孩，对艺术很感兴趣。他希望用艺术在东西方之间架起一座桥梁。 考查冠词的用法。a不定冠词，用于以辅音音素开头的词前；an不定冠词，用于以元音音素开头的词前；the定冠词，表示特指；/指零冠词。第一空表示“一个11岁的男孩”，表泛指，“11-year-old”是以元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词“an”；第二空表示“一座桥梁”，表泛指，“bridge”是以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词“a”。故选C。 15．—I wonder what ________ film Nezha is like, Neil. —It is so wonderful and is now ________ popular film in the world. A．a; the B．the; the C．the; a D．a; a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我想知道电影《哪吒》是什么样的，Neil。——它太棒了，现在是一部在世界上受欢迎的电影。 考查冠词用法。a一个，表泛指；the这，表特指。根据“...film Nezha is like, Neil”可知，第一空是特指《哪吒》这部电影，需用定冠词the；第二空泛指“一部受欢迎的电影”，用a。故选C。 16．These days, ______ new football league called the “Su Super League” (苏超联盟) is taking China by storm. A．/ B．a C．an D．the 【答案】B 【详解】句意：最近，一个名为“苏超联盟”的新足球联赛正在中国掀起热潮。 考查冠词的用法。/零冠词，通常用于球类、棋类、三餐等名词前不需要冠词；a不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指。根据“These days, ... new football league called...”可知，此处表泛指，new是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故选B。 17．________ English-Chinese dictionary on the desk is ________ useful tool (工具) for us. A．An; an B．The; a C．/; the D．An; the 【答案】B 【详解】句意：桌子上的那本英汉词典对我们来说是一个有用的工具。 考查冠词的用法。an一个，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the表特指；a一个，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；/零冠词。第一个空，“on the desk”表示特指在桌子上的那本英汉词典，所以用定冠词the；第二个空，表示“一个”有用的工具，是泛指，“useful”的发音是以辅音音素开头的，所以用不定冠词a。故选B。 18．Flying kites, ________ outdoor activity, is very popular with people of all ages. A．a B．an C．the D．不填 【答案】B 【详解】句意：放风筝是一项很受各年龄段的人欢迎的户外活动。 考查冠词的用法。a一个，不定冠词，后面接辅音音素开头的单词；an一个，不定冠词，后面接元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词，表特指。根据“...outdoor activity”可知，此处表示一项户外活动，应该用不定冠词a/an，由于outdoor是以元音音素开头的，故用an。故选B。 19．Beijing has so many places of interest. It is _________ amazing city. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：北京有很多名胜古迹。它是一座令人惊叹的城市。 考查冠词用法。a表泛指，不定冠词，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an表泛指，不定冠词，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the表特指，定冠词；/表示不填，零冠词。根据“… amazing city”可知，此处是指一座令人惊叹的城市，应用不定冠词表泛指，且“amazing”是以元音音素开头的单词，应用an修饰。故选B。 20．Beijing is ________ capital of China and it is ________ city with a long history. A．a; the B．an; the C．the;/ D．the; a 【答案】D 【详解】句意：北京是中国的首都，它是一座有着悠久历史的城市。 考查冠词的用法。a，不定冠词，用于以辅音音素开头的词前；an，不定冠词，用于以元音音素开头的词前。the，定冠词，表示特指；/指零冠词。在“capital of China”中，“capital”后有“of China”修饰，表特指“中国的首都”，所以用定冠词the；“city with a long history”表示“一座有悠久历史的城市”，是泛指，且“city”以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故选D。 二、单项选择之方位介词 21．There are some flowers _________ the shop. The boy is _________ the shop. A．behind; inside B．in front of; outside C．behind; outside D．in front of; next to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：商店前面有一些花。男孩在商店外面。 考查方位介词辨析。behind在……后面；inside在……里面；in front of在……前面；outside在……外面；next to紧挨着。从图中可知，花在商店前面，男孩在商店外面，第一空用in front of ，第二空用outside，故选B 。 22．Lake Park is ________ of Moonlight Middle School. A．south-east B．north-east C．south-west D．north-west 【答案】D 【详解】句意：湖泊公园在月光中学的西北部。 考查名词辨析。south-east东南；north-east东北；south-west西南；north-west西北。根据图片可知，湖泊公园在月光中学的西北部。故选D。 23．Our school is ________ the park. That’s why the air here is always fresh. A．next to B．between C．above D．below 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们的学校就在公园旁边。这就是为什么这里的空气总是很清新。 考查介词和介词短语辨析。next to在旁边；between在两者中间；above在……上面；below在……下面。根据“That’s why the air here is always fresh.”可知，空气新鲜是因为就在公园旁边。故选A。 24．The bookshop is on ________ side of the street. You must go ________ the road to buy books. A．other; across B．the other; across C．other; through D．the other; through 【答案】B 【详解】句意：书店在街道的另一边。你必须穿过马路去买书。 考查代词和介词辨析。other其他的，后常接复数名词；the other两者中的另一个，常与one连用，表示“一个……，另一个……”；across穿过（平面）；through穿过（立体空间）。根据“side of the street”可知，街道有两边，此处指另一边，应用the other；再根据“You must go...the road”可知，此处指穿过马路这个平面，应用across。故选B。 25．Taiwan lies ________ the southeast of China, and it is ________ the east of Fujian. A．on; to B．in; to C．in; in D．in; on 【答案】B 【详解】句意：中国台湾位于中国的东南部，且它在福建的东边。 考查介词辨析。in表示在内部；on表示两地接壤；to表示两地不接壤，隔海或隔其他区域。根据地理常识，中国台湾是中国不可分割的一部分，属于中国领土内部，因此“在中国的东南部”用“in”；中国台湾与福建省隔中国台湾海峡相望，两地不直接接壤，因此“在福建的东边”用“to”。故选B。 26．—Look! I just can’t do this movement perfectly! What should I do? —Well, in Dunhuang dance, this part needs you to lift your hands ______ your head. A．across B．under C．below D．above 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——看！我就是不能完美地完成这个动作！我该怎么办？——嗯，在敦煌舞中，这一部分需要你把手举过头顶。 考查介词辨析。across穿过；under在……下面；below在……下面；above在……上面。根据“in Dunhuang dance”及所给图片可知，此处指手需要在头的上面。故选D。 27．An old man is standing ________ a tree in the siheyuan. A．between B．inside C．beside D．among 【答案】C 【详解】句意：一位老人站在四合院的一棵树旁。 考查介词词义辨析。between在……之间，表示两者之间；inside在……里面；beside在……旁边；among在……之中，表示三者或三者以上之中。根据图片可知，一位老人站在四合院的一棵树旁。故选C。 28．Look at the picture. There is a bird cage ________ the boy’s head. A．above B．behind C．on D．beside 【答案】A 【详解】句意：看这幅画。男孩的头顶上方有一个鸟笼。 考查介词词义辨析。above 在……上方，且不接触表面；behind 在……后面；on 在……上面，接触表面；beside 在……旁边。由图片及“There is a bird cage ... the boy’s head.”可知，鸟笼在男孩头顶上方，且不接触头部，故“above”符合语境，故选A。 29．To find the treasure, you should swim ________ a big river and then get through the forest. A．across B．through C．past D．below 【答案】A 【详解】句意：要找到宝藏，你应该游过一条大河，然后穿过森林。 考查介词辨析。across从表面穿过；through从内部穿过；past从旁边经过；below在下方。根据“swim ... a big river and then get through the forest”可知，先游过河，再穿过森林，是从河的表面穿过。故选A。 30．I spent a day cycling west ________ the river. A．in B．on C．along D．above 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我花了一天时间沿着河流向西骑行。 考查介词辨析。in在……里面；on在……上面；along沿着；above在……上方。根据“cycling west ... the river”可知，此处描述的是向西骑行与河流的位置关系，应该是沿着河流骑行，用along最符合语境。故选C。 31．The Yangtze River is very long and most of it runs ________ mountains. A．by B．across C．above D．through 【答案】D 【详解】句意：长江非常长，大部分河段穿行于群山之中。 考查介词辨析。by在……旁边；across横穿表面；above在……上方；through穿过内部或空间。根据“mountains”可知，长江是穿越山脉内部流淌，强调空间上的贯穿，用through。故选D。 32．—Where are we going to have a picnic? —I know there are some beautiful parks ________ the Yangtze River. A．across B．over C．along D．through 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我们要去哪里野餐？——我知道沿着长江有一些美丽的公园。 考查介词辨析。across横过；over在……上方；along沿着；through（从内部）通过。根据“there are some beautiful parks...the Yangtze River”可知，公园应该是“沿着”长江而建的。故选C。 33．Look at the picture, the girl is reading ________ the tree. A．in B．on C．below D．under 【答案】D 【详解】句意：看看这张图片，那个女孩正在树下读书。in在……里；on在……上；below在……下面；under在……下面。根据图片可知，女孩在树下读书，结合选项，under“在……下面”，强调在物体正下方，符合语境。故选D。 34．My friend Amy lives on the top floor, and I live two floors _______ her. A．above B．over C．under D．below 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的朋友埃米住在顶楼，而我住在她的下面两层。 考查介词辨析。above在……上方，不一定是正上方，表示相对高度；over在……上方，强调在某一物体正上方；under在……下方，通常指在物体的正下方；below在……下方，不一定是正下方，表示相对位置。根据“My friend Amy lives on the top floor, and I live two floors”可知，埃米住在顶楼，我住在她下面两层，此处表示相对位置，below符合题意。故选D。 35．—Which floor does Andy live ________?        —The ninth floor. That’s two floors ________ us. A．on；above B．/；above C．on；over D．/；over 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Andy住在几楼？——九楼。比我们高两层。 考查介词辨析。on在……上；above在……上面、高于……；over在……上方（正上方）。表示在第几楼，习惯用介词on；高两层应用above。故选A。 36．From the top of the building, the cars ________ us look like little ants. A．above B．between C．beside D．below 【答案】D 【详解】句意：从楼顶看，我们下方的汽车像小蚂蚁一样。 考查方位介词辨析。above在……上方；between在……之间；beside在……旁边；below在……下方。根据“From the top of the building”和“look like little ants.”可知，此处指从上往下看，汽车应在观察者的下方。故选D。 37．The cat in Picture ________ is on the box. A． B． C． D． 【答案】B 【详解】句意：图B中的猫在盒子上。 考查位置关系。根据“on”以及位置关系可知，图B的猫在盒子上。故选B。 38．Ants take in air ________ the holes on both sides of their body. A．across B．through C．under D．over 【答案】B 【详解】句意：蚂蚁通过身体两侧的孔隙吸入空气。 考查介词辨析。across穿过，通常表示从平面的一边到另一边的横向运动；through表示从内部穿过，通常用于描述穿过隧道、穿过丛林等场景；‌under‌在……下方，通常表示在某物的正下方；‌over‌表示从障碍物的一边跨越到另一边，通常用于描述翻山越岭、跨越篱笆等场景。结合语境及“…the hole on both sides of their body”可知，“穿过身体两侧的孔”应是从内部穿过，应用through与之搭配。故选B。 39．—Did you enjoy watching the volleyball game? —No. A tall man sat __________ me and kept standing up during the game. I couldn’t see the players well. A．next to B．behind C．beside D．in front of 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你喜欢看排球比赛吗？——不喜欢。一个高个子男人坐在我前面，并且在比赛期间一直站起来。我看不清球员们了。   考查介词短语辨析。next to 在……旁边；behind 在……后面；beside 在……旁边；in front of 在……前面。根据“I couldn’t see the players well.”可知，因为有人挡住了视线，所以应该是坐在“我”前面，故选D。 40．Zhejiang is ________ the east of China and you can see beautiful views there. A．at B．to C．in D．on 【答案】C 【详解】句意：浙江在中国的东部，在那里你可以看到美丽的景色。 考查方位介词的用法。at通常用于表示较小的地点或具体地点；to表示在某个范围之外，且不接壤；in表示在某个范围之内；on表示与某个范围接壤。浙江是中国的一个省级行政区，在中国的内部，所以“in”符合题意。故选C。 题型一 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 Do you know Gulangyu Island? Where is it? It’s in Xiamen, China. The island is clean 1 beautiful. It’s like 2 garden on water. My family often go there on weekends. If we want to stay there, we can find a lot of 3 (hotel). We can do many things on the island. For example, we can visit some old buildings with a long history. My 4 (father) workplace is a history museum. He often visits 5 (that) old buildings on the island. We can also take a walk in the afternoon. It’s nice 6 (see) green trees and the blue sea around. My uncle and aunt always go 7 (swim) in the sea. It’s so cool! There 8 (be) some shops on the island as well. The workers in the shops are so nice. I meet a shop worker 9 (name) Lingling. She can sell things 10 English. What about the food there? The seafood on the island is quite delicious and we eat it every time we go there. Why not take a trip there? I’m sure you will fall in love with it! 【答案】 1．and 2．a 3．hotels 4．father’s 5．those 6．to see 7．swimming 8．are 9．named 10．in 【导语】本文主要介绍了厦门鼓浪屿的优美环境、丰富活动和文化特色，并邀请读者前去旅游。 1．句意：这个岛既干净又美丽。根据分析句子“The island is clean…beautiful.”可知，此处应该填入and，并列连词，表并列关系，连接两个形容词，作表语。故填and。 2．句意：这就像一个水上花园。根据空格后“garden on water.”可知，此处应该填入不定冠词a，意为“一个”，泛指一个水上花园。故填a。 3．句意：如果我们想待在那里，我们可以找到很多旅馆。根据所给词可知，hotel“旅馆”，可数名词；又根据空格前“a lot of”后跟可数名词复数可知，此处应该填入hotel的复数形式hotels，作宾语。故填hotels。 4．句意：我父亲的工作场所是一个历史博物馆。根据“My…workplace is a history museum.”，结合所给词可知，father“父亲”，此处应该填入其名词所有格形式father’s，意为“父亲的”，指的是作者父亲的工作场所。故填father’s。 5．句意：他经常参观岛上的那些古老建筑。根据空格后“buildings”是可数名词复数，结合所给词可知，that“那个”，此处应该填入其复数形式those，意为“那些”，修饰复数名词，指的是那些古老建筑。故填those。 6．句意：很高兴看到周围的绿树和蓝色的大海。根据分析句子“It’s nice…green trees and the blue sea around.”，结合所给词可知，此处考查固定句型：It’s+adj+to do sth“做某事是……的”，所以此处应该填入不定式to see，作主语。故填to see。 7．句意：我的叔叔和婶婶总是去海里游泳。根据空格前“go”结合备选词可知，此处考查：go swimming，动词短语，意为“去游泳”。故填swimming。 8．句意：岛上也有一些商店。根据语境可知，时态为一般现在时；该句是there be句型，且该句主语是some shops，所以此处be动词要用are。故填are。 9．句意：我遇到一个叫玲玲的商店工人。name“命名”，动词，根据分析句子“I meet a shop worker…Lingling.”结合所给词可知，此处应该填入其过去分词named，修饰名词worker，表被动，指的是一个叫玲玲的商店工人。故填named。 10．句意：她能用英语卖东西。根据“She can sell things…English.”可知，此处应该填入in，方式介词，指的是用英语卖东西。故填in。 Dear Mary, Thank you for your last letter. I’m happy to know that you 1 (spend) your holiday in Hawaii (夏威夷) this summer. You said you wanted to know something about Hawaii. Hawaii is always a magic (有魔力的) name to people who like 2 (travel) because of the scenery (景色). People from all over the world dream of 3 (watch) the beautiful islands. It’s always one of their 4 (dream) to watch the sun going down. At weekends, my family and I often watch the sunset (日落) at the seaside. It’s really 5 (excited). Hawaii is a fun place to go. Long long ago, the first people went to Hawaii in a small boat.They found the place quite beautiful. But it was difficult for travelers 6 (go) to Hawaii at that time. And there were no big hotels like the 7 (one) today. Now things have changed. Lots of nice big hotels have been built in recent (最近的) years. However, the nice scenery in Hawaii hasn’t changed much. In the morning, many visitors can 8 (take) a walk along the water. At night, they can get together to hold parties, chatting and dancing. Now, you see Hawaii is 9 (real) a good place to visit. I’m looking forward to 10 (see) you soon . Yours, Kate 【答案】 1．will spend/are going to spend 2．travelling 3．watching 4．dreams 5．exciting 6．to go 7．ones 8．take 9．really 10．seeing 【导语】本文是一封凯特写给玛丽的信，在信中介绍了在夏威夷度假的事情及夏威夷过去和现在的对比。 1．句意：我很开心知道你今年暑假要来夏威夷度假。根据“this summer”可知，时态为一般将来时，其构成为主语+will+动词原形或主语+am/is/are going to+动词原形，主语为you, be动词用are。故填will spend/are going to spend。 2．句意：因为夏威夷的风景，夏威夷对于喜欢旅行的人来说总是一个充满魔力的名字。like doing sth.“喜欢做某事”。故填travelling。 3．句意：全世界的人都梦想着去观看那些美丽的岛屿。of为介词，其后面接动名词。故填watching。 4．句意：看日落总是他们的梦想之一。one of+名词复数，表示“……之一”。故填dreams。 5．句意：它真的很令人兴奋。根据“At weekends, my family and I often watch the sunset (日落) at the seaside. It...”可知，此处It指代看日落这件事，应用带-ing的形容词。故填exciting。 6．句意：但当时对于旅行者来说，去夏威夷旅行很困难。此处为it is+adj.+for sb. to do sth.“对于某人来说做某事很……”，应用动词不定式作主语。故填to go。 7．句意：也没有像今天这样的大酒店。根据“And there were no big hotels like the...today”可知，此处应用代词one的复数形式ones，来代替“hotels”。故填ones。 8．句意：在早晨，许多游客可以在水边散步。情态动词can后面接动词原形。故填take。 9．句意：现在，你看夏威夷真的是一个很好的旅游胜地。此处应用real的副词形式来修饰形容词。故填really。 10．句意：我期盼着马上见到你。look forward to doing“盼望做某事”。故填seeing。 题型二 阅读理解 Do you like travelling? If so, come to our travel service. 2-day Suqian Culture Group Tour (旅行) How about going to Suqian for the weekend? You can visit King Xiang’s Hometown (项王故里) and eat nice food like salangid (银鱼) from Luoma Lake. Price: ¥690               Call us at 800-817-7233 4-day Qingdao Private (私人的) Tour Qingdao has beautiful sunshine, white beaches and clean water. You can walk along the beaches and enjoy the fresh air. Price: 1 person 2-5 persons 6-9 persons ¥669 ¥550/person ¥530/person Call us at 800-810-6288 5-day Taiwan Group Tour Taiwan is a wonderful place. You can climb A-li Mountain, go boating in Sun Moon Lake. Price: ¥8,500                  Call us at 800-850-8288        8-day London Private Tour Come to London for a few days to enjoy the Thames River and visit Big Ben. Price: ¥16,800                  Call us at 800-830-7288 1．How long is the Suqian Culture Group Tour? A．Two days. B．Four days. C．Five days. D．Eight days. 2．Mrs Li is going to take the 4-day Qingdao Private Tour with her two daughters, how much is the tour? A．¥1,590 B．¥1,650 C．¥2,007 D．¥47,400 3．If you want to go boating in Sun Moon Lake, you should call ________ . A．800-817-7223 B．800-810-6288 C．800-830-7288 D．800-850-8288 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 【导语】本文是一则旅游广告，介绍了四条不同时长、目的地和价格的旅行线路，并附有联系电话。 1．细节理解题。根据“2-day Suqian Culture Group Tour”可知，宿迁文化团体游的时长为两天。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据4-day Qingdao Private (私人的) Tour中Price表格中“2-5 persons”对应的价格“¥550/person”可知，李女士和两个女儿共3人，总费用为550×3=1,650元。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“5-day Taiwan Group Tour”中提到的“go boating in Sun Moon Lake”和联系电话“800-850-8288”可知，应拨打该号码。故选D。 Shanxi is in North China. It’s full of wonderful places. So, are you ready to take an exciting trip to Shanxi with me? The Yellow River rushes all the way from the far west. With great force, it cuts through the cliffs (峭壁) and comes into Shanxi at Laoniu Bend (老牛湾). Look! Here, the Great Wall stands firmly, like a brave soldier (士兵) keeping watch over this amazing scenery (风景). As it continues its journey, the river winds (蜿蜒) south, clearly marking the border between Shanxi and Shaanxi. Then, it takes a sharp turn east, separating Shanxi from Henan. At Jixian county, the Hukou Waterfall makes a loud noise, with the sound echoing (回响) far and wide. In winter, long, shiny icicles (冰柱) hang from the cliffs like crystal swords. On sunny days, a bright rainbow stretches across the waterfall, connecting Shanxi and Shaanxi. The Taihang Mountains (太行山) run hundreds of kilometers from north to south, covering Beijing, Hebei, Shanxi, and Henan. These mountains are home to many precious (珍贵的) animals. Look carefully for the hard-to-find North China leopard, the colorful brown-eared pheasant (棕耳雉), and the forest musk deer (林麝).  Some cliff faces are like giant, strong rock walls. To get around, people carve (开凿) tunnel-like roads on these cliffs. When you drive on these roads, it feels like an adventure movie! You can even see small mountain streams flowing along the way. Shanxi lies on the eastern edge of the Loess Plateau (黄土高原). Rolling loess terraces (黄土梯田) seem to go on forever. On the hillsides (山坡), local people dug cave dwellings (窑洞) into the mountains. These caves are like natural shelters. In the winter, they stay very warm. In the summer, they are very cool. People living in these caves lead simple, happy lives, sharing stories and traditions passed down through generations. On festival days, the caves are decorated with red lanterns, filling the air with happiness. 1．Where does the Yellow River enter Shanxi? A．At Hukou Waterfall. B．At Laoniu Bend. C．At Jixian county. D．At the border with Shaanxi. 2．What does the word “stretches” in the second paragraph mean? A．Appears. B．Spreads. C．Hides. D．Moves. 3．How do people get around the Taihang Mountains with rock-wall cliffs? A．They climb the cliffs directly. B．They build houses on the cliffs. C．They dig tunnels through the mountains. D．They carve tunnel-like roads on the cliffs. 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To tell people how to get to Shanxi. B．To ask people to protect Shanxi’s environment. C．To introduce the natural and cultural features of Shanxi. D．To show the differences between Shanxi and other places. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了山西省的自然景观（黄河、太行山、黄土高原）和人文特色（窑洞生活、传统节日）。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“…it cuts through the cliffs and comes into Shanxi at Laoniu Bend”可知，黄河在老牛湾进入山西。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据文章第2段“…a bright rainbow stretches across the waterfall”及上下文语境（彩虹横跨瀑布的景象）可知，“stretches”在此处意为“延伸/展开”。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“To get around, people carve tunnel-like roads on these cliffs”可知，人们通过在悬崖上开凿隧道状的道路通行。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。全文通过黄河、太行山、黄土高原等自然景观，以及窑洞生活、节日装饰等文化特色，综合介绍了山西的自然与人文特点。故选C。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $