Unit1 Time to relax 词汇讲义2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册
动词不定式 “to+动词原形” 非谓语的一种，具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。例： ① I want to relax. (作宾语) ② Do you find it hard to have a conversation with a stranger? (作find的真正宾语） ③ I swim to relax. (作目的状语) ④ He told me to relax. (作宾语补足语) ⑤ To see is to believe. (作主语、作表语） ⑥ It is impolite to ask someone’s age, weight, or other personal information.（作真正主语） ⑦ I have a lot of work to do. (作定语，修饰work，构成动宾关系) ⑧ She is always the first to come and the last to leave. (作定语，修饰the first 和the last, 构成主谓关系） 动词不定式的否定式 “not to + 动词原形” 例： Try not to make any noise when you eat. I would prefer not to talk about it. 疑问词+不定式 what/which/how/where/when+ to +动词原形 例： He didn’t know what to say to Ella. She asked me how to use the washing machine. 不带to 的不定式 ① 感官动词：五看see, look at, watch, notice, observe; 两听hear, listen to; 一感觉feel ② 使役动词: 三让 let, make, have 例：He heard someone come down the hallway. If you have any questions, please let me know. Hobbies can make you feel good about your self. 【填】
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| | calligraphy /kəˈlɪɡrəfi/ n.书法 | cal·lig·raphy do calligraphy 练习书法；习字 |
| I do calligraphy to relax. | 我写书法是为了放松。 |
| | ski /skiː/ v. 滑雪 | go skiing 去滑雪 |
| | program /ˈprəʊɡræm/ v. 编写程序；n. 程序；(=programme) 节目；项目 programmer n. 程序员 | pro·gram |
| Teng Fei likes programming after school to create an app. | 滕飞喜欢放学后编程来创建应用程序。 |
| | express /ɪkˈspres/ v. 表达；表示 expression n. 表达方式；表情 | ex·press express feelings 表达感情 |
| Helen loves painting pictures in her free time to express feelings. | 海伦喜欢在空闲时间画画来表达感情。 |
| | instructor /ɪnˈstrʌktə(r)/ n. 教练；指导者 instruct v. 指导 instructions pl.n. 操作指南，用法说明 | in·struct·or |
| | scared /skeəd/ adj.害怕的；对…感到惊慌的 scare v./n. 恐惧；害怕 scary adj. 恐怖的；吓人的 |
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| | be scared of... 害怕...；恐惧... |
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| | fear /fɪə(r)/ n.& v. 害怕；担忧 |
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| | get over 克服(困难)；解决(问题) | get over fear 克服恐惧 |
| Fu Xing used to be scared of water, but she started swimming to get over her fear. | 傅星以前怕水，但她开始游泳来克服恐惧。 |
| | up to 正在做；由某人决定 |
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| What are you up to? I’m doing calligraphy. | 你在做什么？ 我在写书法 |
| | poem /ˈpəʊɪm/ n. 诗 poet n. 诗人 poetry n. 诗；诗集 | write a poem 写一首诗 |
| It’s a poem by Li Bai. 【注】by+作者 | 这是李白的一首诗。 |
| | single /ˈsɪŋɡl/ adj. 单个的；单身 singly adv. 单独地；一个一个地 | single room ________ Singles’ Day _______ |
| | stroke /strəʊk/ n. 笔画；击球 | a single stroke 单一笔画 |
| When I started to do calligraphy, I spent hours practising single strokes. | 我开始练习书法的时候，常常花好几个小时反复练单一笔画。 |
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| | give up 放弃 | give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 |
| The instructor told Emma not to give up easily. | 教练告诉艾玛不要轻易放弃。 |
| | ink /ɪŋk/ n. 墨水 | write in ink 用墨水写 |
| I even like how the ink smells! | 我甚至喜欢墨水的味道！ |
| | return /rɪˈtɜːn/ n.& v. 回来；归还 | re·turn |
| | in return 作为回报 |
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| I can teach you to play a song in return. | 我可以教你弹奏一首曲子作为回报。 |
| | deal /diːl/ n. 交易；协议；v. (dealt /delt/, dealt) 对付 | deal with... 处理；对付 big deal 重要的事 |
| It's a deal. | 一言为定。/ 成交。 |
| | manage /ˈmænɪdʒ/ v.完成(困难的事)；管理 manager n. 经理 management n. 管理；经营 | man·age manage to do sth. 设法做到某事 |
| How do you usually feel when you manage to do something difficult? | 当你设法做一些困难的事情时，你通常会有什么感觉？ |
| | get into 开始做某事；进入 |
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| How did you get into painting? | 你是怎么开始画画的？ |
| | give it a go 试一试某事 |
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| I saw my mother paint. I decided to give it a go. | 我看见妈妈画画了。我决定试试。 |
| | kung fu /ˌkʌŋ ˈfuː/ n. 功夫 |
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| I love to watch kung fu movies to relax. | 我喜欢看功夫电影放松一下。 |
| | push /pʊʃ/ v. 督促；推 | push sb. too hard 把某人逼得太紧 |
| | myself /maɪˈself/ pron. 我自己（反身代词） 【注】常见的后接反身代词作宾语的动词或动词短语有cut、hurt、protect、teach、enjoy、help、take care of、look after等 | my·self by myself 靠我自己；我独自= on my own enjoy myself（我）玩得开心hurt myself（我）受伤 protect myself 保护自己 teach myself 自学 help myself （指吃东西）自己来 take care of myself=look after myself 照顾自己 |
| My parents told me not to push myself too hard. | 我父母告诉我不要对自己太苛刻。 |
| | once in a while 偶尔地；间或 | = _____________ / ___________ |
| It’s important not to forget to relax once in a while. | 重要的是不要忘记偶尔放松一下。 |
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