专题06 介词（复习讲义）（北京专用）2026年高考英语二轮复习讲练测

该高中英语讲义聚焦高考介词核心考点，涵盖固定搭配、时间/方位介词等高频考查内容，按介词种类、用法例解、辨析及省略构建知识体系，通过考情精解、知能架构、考点攻坚三环节，结合真题训练帮助学生梳理考点、掌握方法，突破介词应用难点，体现复习的系统性与针对性。 资料以考情为导向，将近5年北京卷真题融入考点讲解，如“at the expense of”等固定搭配结合语境辨析，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。设计考点对应训练与真题演练，助力学生在有限时间内高效掌握介词用法，为教师把控复习节奏、提升学生应考能力提供有力支持。

专题06 介词 目录 01 析·考情精解 1 02 构·知能架构 2 03 破·考点攻坚 3 （一） 介词的种类 3 （二） 常见介词用法例解 3 （三）常见介词用法辨析 12 （四）介词的省略 15 01 析·考情精解 命题轨迹透视 近5年北京高考英语语法填空介词考点聚焦**固定搭配**与**时间介词**，占比极高。固定搭配核心考查高频短语（如call attention to、at the expense of），时间介词侧重区分in/on等与时间名词的搭配（如in the evening、on a cold night）。需依托语境和固定用法判断，未来或延续核心，拓展少量场景类介词搭配。 出处 题目 考点 2025北京卷C篇 After all, exploring the world shouldn't come 20. ______ the planet's expense. 固定搭配（at the expense of） 2023北京卷C篇 All of her runs have a guiding purpose: to call attention 7. ______ global water issues. 固定搭配（call attention to） 2022北京卷A篇 Helen was walking down the street late 1. ______ the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. 时间介词搭配（in the evening） 2021北京卷B篇 While riding his bike home 4. ______ a cold night, he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself. 时间介词搭配（on a cold night） 2026命题预测 2026年北京高考英语介词考点将延续“固定搭配+语境运用”核心，聚焦动词/名词+介词高频短语（如focus on、a replacement for），融入传统文化、科普等主题语境。时间/方位介词仍为基础，或新增形容词+介词搭配及with、despite等特殊介词用法，易混介词（across/through）辨析或成区分点，需依托搭配规则与语境精准判断。 02 构·知能架构 03 破·考点攻坚 知识精要 （一） 介词的种类 1. 简单介词：由一个单词构成，如：at, from, by, under, near等。 2. 复合介词：由介词与介词或其它词合成的一个介词，如：into, inside, outside, within, throughout等。 3. 双重介词：由两个简单介词重叠连用构成，如：from across, from behind, since before, until after等。 4. 短语介词：由两个或两个以上的单词构成的介词词组，如：in front of, because of, in charge of, instead of 等。 （二） 常见介词用法例解 1. about 关于；附近；大约；周围　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 用于某些短语： What (How) about …？你觉得……如何（怎样）？ be about to do (sth.)　　即将做…… bring about　　　 ___________________ come about ___________________ turn about　 向后转，转过身来 go about 从事，开始做 leave…about　　 到处乱扔 set about　　　　　 ___________________ care about 关心 【答案】 引起，造成，实现 发生，成为现实 开始，着手 2. against (1) 逆，顶着；靠着，倚着；撞击 (表示方向或位置) Birds fly slowly against the wind. (2) 反对 (与for意义相反); 违背 I don’t know whether he is for or against it. (3) 以防，防备 Some animals store food against the winter. (4) 衬托，相映 Flowers look better against green leaves. (5) 与……交战 (竞争，比赛) We will be competing against some of the best companies in Europe.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 3. as (1) 作为，当做 Don’t treat me as a child. (2) 用在习惯用语中 as for 至于 as to 关于 As for the dinner, you can have all the vegetables you want. As to the question of who will be the next leader, we have no clear answer yet. 4. at　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (1) 处于……状态 at war 交战 at meeting 开会 at work/play工作，游戏中 at table用餐中 (2) 在……时刻/钟点/时期/岁 at that moment 在那时 at the age of seven 在7岁时 at noon / dawn / dusk / night / sunrise / the weekend / Christmas (3) 按……速度，照……价格 at full / high speed 全速/高速 at a high / low price 以高/低价 (4) 与动词连用，表示 “对，向，朝” (表示目标，方向等)。常见动词有: laugh, cry, shoot, weep, come (5) 在……方面 She is good at playing the piano. (6) 应……请求/号召/邀请 She agreed to come at our request. 表示其它情况或用于某些短语： at a different angle 以不同的角度 at one’s expense 由……出钱　　　　 at a distance 从远处，有一定距离 at the top of one’s voice 高声地 at will ___________　　　 at one’s service 听候吩咐　　　　 at large ____________　 at length ______________ at a loss ______________ stare / glance / glare at 凝视，扫视，怒目而视 be pleased (glad, delighted, surprised, disappointed) at 【答案】 at will任意 at large 逍遥法外；详尽地 at length最后；详尽地 at a loss茫然，不知所措 5. beside 在……的旁边；在……之外；与……相比　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 He found the body beside the river. Beside yours, my computer is too slow. 6. beyond (1) 表示位置，意思是“在……的那一边；在……之外；在更远处” Beyond the river stood a power station． (2) 表示时间或数量，其意为“迟于；超过” Some shops keep open beyond midnight. (3) 表示范围、水平、限度、能力等，意思是“超出；多于；为……所不能及” beyond one’s expectations　 _____________________________ beyond one’s power _____________________________ beyond compare _____________________________ beyond (without) doubt　　 _____________________________ beyond one’s reach 　 _____________________________ (4) 表示 “除……之外” What could I do beyond waiting? 【答案】 超出某人期待 超出某人能力 无法比拟 毫无疑问 超出某人伸手可及范围；超出某人能力 7. by (1) 在……旁，靠近 (=beside) Our teacher was sitting by the window. (2) 经过 (=past) He walked by me without acknowledging me. (3) 用，通过 We came through the fields, not by the road. (4) 不迟于 I shall be back by 5 o’clock. (5) 被；由 Thirty divided by two is fifteen. (6) 在……时间 Do you prefer travelling by day or by night? (7)（表示部分）在……部位 She led the child by the hand. (8) 按照，以(表示数量，尺寸，程度等单位词前用定冠词) They are paid by the day/by the hour. Don’t judge a man by his clothes/looks. 勿以衣/貌取人。 用于某些短语： by no means　_______________ by all means　__________________ by accident (by chance)　偶然 by mistake　出于错误 by oneself　单独地, 独立地　　 learn… by heart __________________ by turns 　__________________ by way of ____________________ one by one, little by little, step by step 一个一个地, 一点一点地, 一步一步地　 【答案】 by no means绝不 by all means想一切办法，一定要 learn by heart熟记 by turns轮流 by way of 取道，经由 8. for 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (1) 为了，替，给 (表示目的，对象) He came for a meeting. (2) 向，往 (表示方向，倾向，能力) The train is for Beijing. (3) 经历，计，达 (表示时间，距离，数量) The weather has been cold for an entire week. (4) 以……的代价，以……的价钱，交换 (表示买卖，交换) He agreed to give her 300 dollars for the picture. (5) 支持，赞成 (反义词为against) No one is for the proposal. (6) 因为，由于 The place is famous for its hot springs. (7) 当做，作为 Don’t take him for a fool. (8) 至于，就……而言 It is warm for March. (9) 适合于 (表示用途) He is the man for the job. (10) 供……用的，给某人的…… Here is a letter for you. (11) 对，对于 (表示感情，能力) His greed for money is great. 常见的固定搭配： for all 尽管　　　　　　　 They harvested very little for all their effort. for certain, for sure 肯定地 I don’t know for certain that he will come. for good ___________ I am going away for good. for fear that / of 　唯恐，以防 Shut the window for fear that it may rain. for days (months, years) 一连好几天（月、年） for one thing; for another ___________ for pleasure (fun) 为了娱乐 for sale 供出售 for … purpose 为……目的= for the purpose of for the first (second) time 第一（二）次 word for word 逐字逐句地 for the moment ___________________ for the time being _______________________ for one’s good 为……的好 for the sake of 看在……的份上 take… for… 以为是……，当作…… take … for granted 不以为然 call for __________ long for 渴望 but for ___________ care for 关心，在意；喜欢 if it were not for (had not been for) 要不是（用于虚拟语气） go in for 对……有兴趣 look for 寻找 make up for 弥补 be meant for _____________ apply for ________________ stand for ________________ 【答案】 for good 永久 for one thing; for anther一则……再则…… for the moment目前，暂时 for the time being暂时 call for要求 but for要不是；除……之外 be meant for 为……而打算 apply for申请得到 stand for代表 9. from 从……，来自……；因为…… 用于某些短语： apart from ____________　　 be made from 由……制成 from bad to worse （情况）越来越糟，每况愈下 from beginning (start) to end (finish) 自始自终，从头到尾 far from ___________　 He is far from angry. 他一点也不生气． from time to time 时不时 from head to foot 从头到脚 tell… from 分辨…… hear from ____________ prevent… from ____________ protect… from _______________　 【答案】 apart from除了 far from远非 hear from收到某人来信 prevent from阻止 protect from保护某人不受 10. in 在……；在……（一段时间）之后；从事于……；穿着…… 用于某些短语： (1) in+ n+ of in praise of 表扬　 in (the) face of 面对　 in case of 万一 in charge of ________ in view of __________ in time of 在……时间 in place of ______ ___ in sight of 看见 in spite of 尽管 (2) in + n 处于……的状态 in danger (trouble, difficulty, despair) 处于危险（麻烦，困难，绝望） in high (low) spirits 　情绪高（低）　　　in force 生效　 in rags 衣衫褴褛 (3) 其他短语 in addition (to)　 此外（除．．．外）　 in advance ___________ in all 总共　　　　　　　 in one’s opinion (view) 据某人看 in other words 换句话说 in general 总之，一般　 in return ___________ in turn 轮流　　　　　　　 　　　　　　 in public 公开地　　　　　 in vain ___________ 　　　 in a minute / in no time _________ in ink (Chinese) 用墨水(汉语) not... in the least _________　　　　　 in the meantime ___________ in the name of 以……的名义　　　 in the way妨碍　 【答案】 (1) in charge of负责 in view of鉴于；考虑到 in place of 代替 (3) in advance 事先，预先 in return作为回报 in vain徒劳 in a minute/in no time立刻，马上 not in the least一点也不 in the meantime同时 11. of (1) ……的，属于…… (2) of +抽象名词=形容词 It is of great value. = It is very valuable. It is of importance/use/significance/help. =It is important/useful/significant/helpful. 注意：“v. sb. of sth.”可以构成动词搭配 inform sb. of sth. _________________ remind sb. of sth. _______________________ warn sb. of sth. ___________________ rob sb. of sth. __________________________ convince sb. of sth. ________________ cure sb. of sth. _________________________ accuse sb. of sth. __________________ rid sb. of sth. __________________________ relieve sb. of sth. __________________ 其他词组： take no notice of　没有注意到　　　 take advantage of　利用 【答案】 inform sb of通知某人某事 remind sb of sth提醒某人某事 warn sb of sth 警告某人某事 rob sb of sth抢夺某人某物 convince sb of sth使某人相信某事的存在 cure sb of sth治愈好某人的疾病 accuse sb of sth指控某人犯下…… rid sb of sth 使某人摆脱掉…… relieve sb of sth……使某人解除(痛苦) 12. on (1) 在……之上 He laid his hand on her shoulder. (2) 靠；根据 We live on wages. (3) 一……就 On entering the room, I saw her. (4) 通过；以……方式 I heard the news on the radio. (5) 在特定的某一天或某一天的早晨、中午或晚上 On Monday, On the morning of July 6th 用于某些短语： have a/an…influence (effect) on sb. __________ on top of the world ___________ on a trip (journey)　旅行　　　 on fire　着火　　　 on display　展出 go on business　出差　　 on behalf of　__________ on account of　___________ on the contrary　__________ on the whole　　总的说来 on the spot　当场　　 on (the) average　___________　 be keen on　特别喜爱　　　 play a joke on　　开……的玩笑　 on strike __________ on trial　　___________　 　 be based on/base… on/ upon 以……为基础　　 on purpose　　故意 on the one hand…, on the other (hand)… 一方面……，另一方面…… 【答案】 have a/an influence/effect on对……产生一种影响 on top of the world幸福到了极点 on behalf of代表 on account of 由于 on the contrary与此相反 on (the) average平均 on strike罢工 on trial在审讯中 13. out of (1) 从……出来 The dog runs out of the house. (2) 出于（原因）out of curiosity/ habit/necessity/ carelessness 出于好奇/习惯/必要/粗心的原因 (3) 固定词组 out of breath 喘不过气来 out of control 失去控制 out of date 过时的，不用的 out of order __________________ out of place _______________ out of sight 看不见，在视野之外 out of the question 毫无可能 out of question无疑地 out of balance 失去平衡 out of work失业 【答案】out of order 次序颠倒；发生故障 out of place 不在合适的位置上；不适合的，不相称的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 14. through (1) 穿过…… They went through the forest. (2) 由，通过 She got the position through her older brother. (3) 由于，因为 Through his carelessness, the accident was caused. 15. to (1) 朝向；往 The house looks to the south. (2) 离 There are ten miles to the nearest village. (3) 到；直到 She stayed here to the end of march. (4) 对于 Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body. (5) (程度) 到 The poor man drank himslef to death. (6) 比 The wine is second to none. (7) 为了 Let’s drink to his health. (8) (结果) 致使 To my amazement, he cancelled the meeting. 用于某些短语： be similar to 与……相似 be loyal to 对……忠诚 to the east (west) 在以东(以西) to the point _____________ stick to ____________ owing to, due to, thanks to 由于 next to 隔壁，紧挨 belong to 属于 point to 指向 pay attention to 重视 add up to ____________ add….to _____________ lead to 通向，导致 refer to _____________ compare …to ____________ to one’s taste 符合胃口 leave… to 留……给……处理 do harm / good/ wrong to 对……伤害(有好处，做错等) live up to ____________ see to 照看，注意 look forward to 盼望 devote oneself to _____________ be senior/ junior to ____________ come to 共计，总计 according to 根据 drink/toast to 为……干杯 sing/ dance to ____________ turn to 转向，求助于 come to oneself ____________ owe… to _____________ to one’s surprise / sorrow / regret /great joy / satisfaction ____________________________ 【答案】 to the point切题 stick to坚持 add up to 加起来是，总计是 add…to ... 把……加到……之中 refer to提及；指的是；参考 compare ..to .. 把……和……做比较；把……比喻成…… live up to不辜负，做到 devote oneself to献身于 be senior/junior to比……高、低级 sing/dance to合着……唱歌，跳舞 come to oneself苏醒 owe...to… 把..归功，归咎于…… to one’s surprise/sorrow/regret/joy/satisfaction 令……惊讶、悲痛、后悔、开心、满意的是 16. under 在……之下；低于 用于某些短语： under arrest (suspicion) 被逮捕 (怀疑)　　 under attack 受攻击 under control　　 ___________ under repair 在修理中 under discussion ___________ under construction 在建设中 under the influence (threat)　受到影响(威胁) under the cover of　 在……掩护下 under…circumstances (conditions)　____________ under the leadership (guidance, command) of　____________________ 【答案】 under control 在控制中 under discussion在讨论中 under …circumstances/conditions在……情况，条件下 under the leadership/guidance/command of在……领导、引领、指挥下 17. with (1) 和……在(一起) (2) 对……(指人对某人某事的态度情绪，常用于形容词后) be friendly/ patient / strict / satisfied / angry / pleased / familiar with (3) 用、以……(表示工具，手段等) He writes with the left hand. (4) 具有，带有 China is a developing country with a long history. (5) 因为，由于 She turned red with cold (anger).　　 (6) 表示状态、方式、境况等 He went home with a heavy (light) heart.　　 (7) 随着 With the development of China’s economy, people’s living conditions will be improved. (8) 虽然，尽管 (接近in spite of) With his money, the rich man was unhappy. (9) with 和名词加上分词，形容词等构成短语作伴随状语(复合结构) The man with a black hat on is waiting for you. （三）常见介词用法辨析 1. 表示地理位置的介词： (1) at, in, on, to at (1)表示在小地方; (2)表示 “在……附近，旁边” in (1)表示在大地方; (2)表示 “在……范围之内”。 on 表示毗邻，接壤 to 表示在……范围外，不强调是否接壤 例句： He arrived _________ the station at ten. He is sitting _________ the desk. He arrived _________ Shanghai yesterday. Jiangsu lies _________ the east of China. Russia lies _________ the north of China. Fujian is _________ the south of Jiangsu. (2) above, over, on 在……上 above 指在……上方，不强调是否垂直，与 below相对； over指垂直的上方，与under相对，但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。 on表示在某物体上面并与之接触。 例句： The bird is flying _________ my head. There is a bridge _________ the river. He put his watch _________ the desk. (3) below, under 在……下面 under表示在…… 正下方； below表示在……下，不一定在正下方。 例句： There is a cat _________ the table. Please write your name _________ the line. 【答案】(1) at, at, in, in, on/to, to (2) above, over, on (3) under, below 2. 表示时间的介词： (1) in , on，at 在……时 in表示较长时间，如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般（非特指）的早、中、晚等。 如：in the 20th century, in the 1950s, in 1989, in summer, in January, in the morning, in one’s life , in one’s thirties等。 on表示具体某一天及某一天的早、中、晚。 如：on May 1st, on Monday, on New Year’s Day, on a cold night in January, on a fine morning, on Sunday afternoon等。 at表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间，或泛指在圣诞节，复活节等。 如: at 3:20, at this time of year, at the beginning of, at the end of …, at the age of …, at Christmas, at night, at noon, at this moment等。 注意：在last, next, this, that, some, every 等词之前一律不用介词。如：We meet every day. (2) in, after 在……之后 “in +段时间” 表示将来的一段时间以后； “after+将来点时间” 表示将来的某一时刻以后。 例句：My mother will come back _________ three or four days. She will appear _________ five o’clock this afternoon. (3) from, since 自从…… from仅说明什么时候开始，不说明某动作或情况持续多久； since表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻，通常与完成时连用。 例句：He studied the piano _________ the age of three. They have lived here _________1978. (4) after, behind 在……之后 after主要用于表示时间； behind主要用于表示位置。 例句：We shall leave _________ lunch. Lucy is hiding _________ an old house. 【答案】2. (2) in, after (3) from, since (4) after, behind 3. 表运动方向的介词： across, through 通过，穿过 across表示横过，即从物体表面通过，与on有关； through穿过，即从物体内部穿过，与in有关。 例句：She swam _________the river. He walked _________ the forest. 【答案】 across, through 4. 表示 “在……之间” 的介词： between, among between指在两个人或两个事物之间； among指在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间。 例句：There is a football match _________ Class One and Class Two on the playground. The teacher is standing _________the students. 【答案】between, among 5. 表示其他意义的介词： (1) on, about 关于 on 表示书籍，报告或者文章的内容是严肃的，或学术性的，可供专门研究这一问题的人阅读； about表示内容较为普通，不那么正式。 例句：There will be a lecture _________ economics this afternoon. He is writing a book _________ primary education. He told me a lot _________ his life in the summer vocation. (2) by, with, in 表示方法、手段、工具 by 以……方法、手段或泛指某种交通工具； with 表示用……工具、手段，一般接具体的工具和手段； in 表示用……方式，用……语言 (语调、笔墨、颜色) 等。 例句：He makes a living _________ selling newspapers. He broke the window _________ a stone. The foreigner spoke to us _________ English. (3) besides, except, except for, except what, except that 表示“除了” besides +n.“除……之外还”，包括在内； except +n. “除……之外”，不包括在内； except for +n. “要不是因为 ……”，主要用来谈论不同类的东西，在说明情况后在细节上加以修正，有时含有惋惜之意； except that+从句； except +what引导的名词性从句； except + when引导的时间状语从句。 因此except 后可加that, what, when, where, in等词，主要是根据后面的成分而定。 例句：_________ Mr. Wang, we went to see the film. _________ Mr. Wang, we also went to see the film. _________ was covered in the newspaper, he knew nothing about the accident. He is a good student _________ he sometimes comes late to school. She would have traveled more ________ lack of money. Most of the local people usually go to work by bike _________ it rains. 【答案】(1) on, on, about (2) by, with, in (3) Except, Besides, Except what, except that, except for, except when （四）介词的省略 ①表示时间的介词on, at, in的省略。在this, last, yesterday, tomorrow, each, one, any, every, all等词之前，应该省略。如last weekend, this morning等。 ②介词for表示时间的省略要求。 （A）以all开头的名词短语，for要省略。如：I stayed with her all the morning. （B）表示一段时间的短语之前，for可以省略，也可以不省略。如：I have been waiting here (for) more than three hours. （C）否定句中，表示时间的短语前的for不能省略。如：I haven’t seen you for thirty years. （D）时间状语在主句之前，for不能省略。如：For the whole morning, the old man kept reading. ③某些动词短语之后的介词可以省略，例如：be busy (in) doing sth.; spend money/time (in) doing sth.; have luck (in) doing sth.; have difficulty/ trouble (in) doing sth.; There is no use (in) doing sth.; prevent/stop sb. (from) doing sth. Nothing can prevent me (from) doing the job. She spent nearly two hours (in) translating it. 1. （2025 海淀期末A）Since the launch of the program ______ 1978, China has expanded its afforestation area by 32 million hectares. 2. （2025 西城期末A）The recipe was passed down from my great-grandmother to my great-uncle Olof, who baked it every week and later taught it ______ me when I was fourteen. 3. （2025 东城期末B）This new battery lets them work ______ needing external power. 4. （2025 丰台期末C）But I would rather have eaten ______ my hands than go through that experience. 5. （2025 海淀二模A）Before my trip ______ China in April, I was quite nervous because I had no idea what difficulties I would encounter at the border control department. 6. （2025 西城二模A）The country is making steady progress in its manned lunar program and aims to land Chinese astronauts ______ the moon by 2030. 7. （2025 东城二模A）______ no collar to guide him, he had to go door-to-door until he found me. 8. （2025 朝阳二模A）Her mastery of language and extensive insights ______ foreign affairs enabled her to handle high-level dialogues smoothly. 9. （2025 石景山一模B）In China, the government hotline was launched ______ big cities during the 1980s and later improved to be a citizen service platform in 2019. 10. （2024 海淀一模）______ policemen's quick response, she was found unharmed. 11. （2024 西城一模）The 5-Second Rule suggests food is OK to eat if you pick it up ______ five seconds or less. 12. （2024 东城一模）"We went shopping for a new coat!" they all shouted ______ wonderfully perfect English. 13. （2024 朝阳一模）His painting of a prehistoric flying animal became the cover of important scientific journal Nature in 2006, a highlight in his career ______ a science artist. 14. （2024 海淀二模）Keeping our emotions ______ dominating our lives is essential because stable emotion brings a sense of contentment and calm. 15. （2024 西城二模）A person's memory is like a hall with many rooms, some visited frequently, others untouched ______ years. 16. （2024 东城二模）Anna Bernstein, a prompt engineer, writes prompts and feeds them ______ AI tools. 【答案和解析】 1. 答案：in；解析：时间介词in用于年份前，表“在某一年”，符合“1978年”的时间表达逻辑，是时间介词的基础用法。 2. 答案：to；解析：固定搭配“teach sth. to sb.”（把某物教给某人），to在此处连接动作对象，符合“将食谱教给我”的语境，核心考点为动词固定搭配。 3. 答案：without；解析：介词without表否定含义“没有”，后接动名词（needing），契合“无需外部电源即可工作”的语义，考点为否定介词的用法及后接动名词的规则。 4. 答案：with；解析：方式介词with表“用某种身体部位/工具”，“eat with one's hands”是固定表达“用手吃”，考点为方式介词的固定搭配。 5. 答案：to；解析：固定搭配“trip to + 地点”（去某地的旅行），to在此处表“朝向、去往”，符合“去中国的旅行”的语境，核心考点为名词固定搭配。 6. 答案：on；解析：介词on用于星球、物体表面等地点前，“land on the moon”是固定搭配“登陆月球”，考点为地点介词的特定用法（适用于星球、表面类地点）。 7. 答案：without；解析：介词without表“没有”，后接名词短语（no collar），表“没有项圈指引他”，考点为否定介词的用法及后接名词短语的规则。 8. 答案：into；解析：固定搭配“insights into sth.”（对某事的见解、洞察），into在此处表“深入、涉及”，符合“对国际事务的深入见解”的语境，考点为名词固定搭配。 9. 答案：in；解析：地点介词in用于城市、国家等大地点前，“in big cities”表“在大城市”，符合“在大城市推出政府热线”的语境，考点为地点介词的基础用法（大地点用in）。 10. 答案：With；解析：介词With表“由于、凭借”，后接名词短语（policemen's quick response），强调“借助警察的快速反应”，考点为因果/方式介词的用法。 11. 答案：in；解析：时间介词in用于“时间段”前，表“在……之内”，“in five seconds”表“在五秒内”，契合“五秒内捡起食物”的语境，考点为时间介词表“时间段内”的用法。 12. 答案：in；解析：固定搭配“in + 语言”（用某种语言），“in English”表“用英语”，符合“用流利的英语大喊”的语境，考点为语言表达的固定介词搭配。 13. 答案：as；解析：介词as表“作为”，“career as + 职业”表“作为某职业的职业生涯”，契合“作为科学艺术家的职业生涯亮点”的语境，考点为身份/职业表达的介词用法。 14. 答案：from；解析：固定搭配“keep...from doing sth.”（阻止……做某事），from在此处表“避免、阻止”，符合“阻止情绪支配生活”的语义，核心考点为动词固定搭配。 15. 答案：for；解析：时间介词for用于“时间段”前，表“持续一段时间”，“untouched for years”表“多年未被触碰”，考点为时间介词表“持续时长”的用法。 16. 答案：to；解析：固定搭配“feed sth. to sth./sb.”（把某物输入/喂给某物/某人），to在此处连接动作对象（AI tools），符合“将提示输入AI工具”的语境，考点为动词固定搭配。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 介词 目录 01 析·考情精解 1 02 构·知能架构 2 03 破·考点攻坚 3 （一） 介词的种类 3 （二） 常见介词用法例解 3 （三）常见介词用法辨析 12 （四）介词的省略 15 01 析·考情精解 命题轨迹透视 近5年北京高考英语语法填空介词考点聚焦**固定搭配**与**时间介词**，占比极高。固定搭配核心考查高频短语（如call attention to、at the expense of），时间介词侧重区分in/on等与时间名词的搭配（如in the evening、on a cold night）。需依托语境和固定用法判断，未来或延续核心，拓展少量场景类介词搭配。 出处 题目 考点 2025北京卷C篇 After all, exploring the world shouldn't come 20. ______ the planet's expense. 固定搭配（at the expense of） 2023北京卷C篇 All of her runs have a guiding purpose: to call attention 7. ______ global water issues. 固定搭配（call attention to） 2022北京卷A篇 Helen was walking down the street late 1. ______ the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. 时间介词搭配（in the evening） 2021北京卷B篇 While riding his bike home 4. ______ a cold night, he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself. 时间介词搭配（on a cold night） 2026命题预测 2026年北京高考英语介词考点将延续“固定搭配+语境运用”核心，聚焦动词/名词+介词高频短语（如focus on、a replacement for），融入传统文化、科普等主题语境。时间/方位介词仍为基础，或新增形容词+介词搭配及with、despite等特殊介词用法，易混介词（across/through）辨析或成区分点，需依托搭配规则与语境精准判断。 02 构·知能架构 03 破·考点攻坚 知识精要 （一） 介词的种类 1. 简单介词：由一个单词构成，如：at, from, by, under, near等。 2. 复合介词：由介词与介词或其它词合成的一个介词，如：into, inside, outside, within, throughout等。 3. 双重介词：由两个简单介词重叠连用构成，如：from across, from behind, since before, until after等。 4. 短语介词：由两个或两个以上的单词构成的介词词组，如：in front of, because of, in charge of, instead of 等。 （二） 常见介词用法例解 1. about 关于；附近；大约；周围　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 用于某些短语： What (How) about …？你觉得……如何（怎样）？ be about to do (sth.)　　即将做…… bring about　　　 ___________________ come about ___________________ turn about　 向后转，转过身来 go about 从事，开始做 leave…about　　 到处乱扔 set about　　　　　 ___________________ care about 关心 2. against (1) 逆，顶着；靠着，倚着；撞击 (表示方向或位置) Birds fly slowly against the wind. (2) 反对 (与for意义相反); 违背 I don’t know whether he is for or against it. (3) 以防，防备 Some animals store food against the winter. (4) 衬托，相映 Flowers look better against green leaves. (5) 与……交战 (竞争，比赛) We will be competing against some of the best companies in Europe.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 3. as (1) 作为，当做 Don’t treat me as a child. (2) 用在习惯用语中 as for 至于 as to 关于 As for the dinner, you can have all the vegetables you want. As to the question of who will be the next leader, we have no clear answer yet. 4. at　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (1) 处于……状态 at war 交战 at meeting 开会 at work/play工作，游戏中 at table用餐中 (2) 在……时刻/钟点/时期/岁 at that moment 在那时 at the age of seven 在7岁时 at noon / dawn / dusk / night / sunrise / the weekend / Christmas (3) 按……速度，照……价格 at full / high speed 全速/高速 at a high / low price 以高/低价 (4) 与动词连用，表示 “对，向，朝” (表示目标，方向等)。常见动词有: laugh, cry, shoot, weep, come (5) 在……方面 She is good at playing the piano. (6) 应……请求/号召/邀请 She agreed to come at our request. 表示其它情况或用于某些短语： at a different angle 以不同的角度 at one’s expense 由……出钱　　　　 at a distance 从远处，有一定距离 at the top of one’s voice 高声地 at will ___________　　　 at one’s service 听候吩咐　　　　 at large ____________　 at length ______________ at a loss ______________ stare / glance / glare at 凝视，扫视，怒目而视 be pleased (glad, delighted, surprised, disappointed) at 5. beside 在……的旁边；在……之外；与……相比　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 He found the body beside the river. Beside yours, my computer is too slow. 6. beyond (1) 表示位置，意思是“在……的那一边；在……之外；在更远处” Beyond the river stood a power station． (2) 表示时间或数量，其意为“迟于；超过” Some shops keep open beyond midnight. (3) 表示范围、水平、限度、能力等，意思是“超出；多于；为……所不能及” beyond one’s expectations　 _____________________________ beyond one’s power _____________________________ beyond compare _____________________________ beyond (without) doubt　　 _____________________________ beyond one’s reach 　 _____________________________ (4) 表示 “除……之外” What could I do beyond waiting? 7. by (1) 在……旁，靠近 (=beside) Our teacher was sitting by the window. (2) 经过 (=past) He walked by me without acknowledging me. (3) 用，通过 We came through the fields, not by the road. (4) 不迟于 I shall be back by 5 o’clock. (5) 被；由 Thirty divided by two is fifteen. (6) 在……时间 Do you prefer travelling by day or by night? (7)（表示部分）在……部位 She led the child by the hand. (8) 按照，以(表示数量，尺寸，程度等单位词前用定冠词) They are paid by the day/by the hour. Don’t judge a man by his clothes/looks. 勿以衣/貌取人。 用于某些短语： by no means　_______________ by all means　__________________ by accident (by chance)　偶然 by mistake　出于错误 by oneself　单独地, 独立地　　 learn… by heart __________________ by turns 　__________________ by way of ____________________ one by one, little by little, step by step 一个一个地, 一点一点地, 一步一步地　 8. for 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (1) 为了，替，给 (表示目的，对象) He came for a meeting. (2) 向，往 (表示方向，倾向，能力) The train is for Beijing. (3) 经历，计，达 (表示时间，距离，数量) The weather has been cold for an entire week. (4) 以……的代价，以……的价钱，交换 (表示买卖，交换) He agreed to give her 300 dollars for the picture. (5) 支持，赞成 (反义词为against) No one is for the proposal. (6) 因为，由于 The place is famous for its hot springs. (7) 当做，作为 Don’t take him for a fool. (8) 至于，就……而言 It is warm for March. (9) 适合于 (表示用途) He is the man for the job. (10) 供……用的，给某人的…… Here is a letter for you. (11) 对，对于 (表示感情，能力) His greed for money is great. 常见的固定搭配： for all 尽管　　　　　　　 They harvested very little for all their effort. for certain, for sure 肯定地 I don’t know for certain that he will come. for good ___________ I am going away for good. for fear that / of 　唯恐，以防 Shut the window for fear that it may rain. for days (months, years) 一连好几天（月、年） for one thing; for another ___________ for pleasure (fun) 为了娱乐 for sale 供出售 for … purpose 为……目的= for the purpose of for the first (second) time 第一（二）次 word for word 逐字逐句地 for the moment ___________________ for the time being _______________________ for one’s good 为……的好 for the sake of 看在……的份上 take… for… 以为是……，当作…… take … for granted 不以为然 call for __________ long for 渴望 but for ___________ care for 关心，在意；喜欢 if it were not for (had not been for) 要不是（用于虚拟语气） go in for 对……有兴趣 look for 寻找 make up for 弥补 be meant for _____________ apply for ________________ stand for ________________ 9. from 从……，来自……；因为…… 用于某些短语： apart from ____________　　 be made from 由……制成 from bad to worse （情况）越来越糟，每况愈下 from beginning (start) to end (finish) 自始自终，从头到尾 far from ___________　 He is far from angry. 他一点也不生气． from time to time 时不时 from head to foot 从头到脚 tell… from 分辨…… hear from ____________ prevent… from ____________ protect… from _______________　 10. in 在……；在……（一段时间）之后；从事于……；穿着…… 用于某些短语： (1) in+ n+ of in praise of 表扬　 in (the) face of 面对　 in case of 万一 in charge of ________ in view of __________ in time of 在……时间 in place of ______ ___ in sight of 看见 in spite of 尽管 (2) in + n 处于……的状态 in danger (trouble, difficulty, despair) 处于危险（麻烦，困难，绝望） in high (low) spirits 　情绪高（低）　　　in force 生效　 in rags 衣衫褴褛 (3) 其他短语 in addition (to)　 此外（除．．．外）　 in advance ___________ in all 总共　　　　　　　 in one’s opinion (view) 据某人看 in other words 换句话说 in general 总之，一般　 in return ___________ in turn 轮流　　　　　　　 　　　　　　 in public 公开地　　　　　 in vain ___________ 　　　 in a minute / in no time _________ in ink (Chinese) 用墨水(汉语) not... in the least _________　　　　　 in the meantime ___________ in the name of 以……的名义　　　 in the way妨碍　 11. of (1) ……的，属于…… (2) of +抽象名词=形容词 It is of great value. = It is very valuable. It is of importance/use/significance/help. =It is important/useful/significant/helpful. 注意：“v. sb. of sth.”可以构成动词搭配 inform sb. of sth. _________________ remind sb. of sth. _______________________ warn sb. of sth. ___________________ rob sb. of sth. __________________________ convince sb. of sth. ________________ cure sb. of sth. _________________________ accuse sb. of sth. __________________ rid sb. of sth. __________________________ relieve sb. of sth. __________________ 其他词组： take no notice of　没有注意到　　　 take advantage of　利用 【答案】 12. on (1) 在……之上 He laid his hand on her shoulder. (2) 靠；根据 We live on wages. (3) 一……就 On entering the room, I saw her. (4) 通过；以……方式 I heard the news on the radio. (5) 在特定的某一天或某一天的早晨、中午或晚上 On Monday, On the morning of July 6th 用于某些短语： have a/an…influence (effect) on sb. __________ on top of the world ___________ on a trip (journey)　旅行　　　 on fire　着火　　　 on display　展出 go on business　出差　　 on behalf of　__________ on account of　___________ on the contrary　__________ on the whole　　总的说来 on the spot　当场　　 on (the) average　___________　 be keen on　特别喜爱　　　 play a joke on　　开……的玩笑　 on strike __________ on trial　　___________　 　 be based on/base… on/ upon 以……为基础　　 on purpose　　故意 on the one hand…, on the other (hand)… 一方面……，另一方面…… 【答案】 13. out of (1) 从……出来 The dog runs out of the house. (2) 出于（原因）out of curiosity/ habit/necessity/ carelessness 出于好奇/习惯/必要/粗心的原因 (3) 固定词组 out of breath 喘不过气来 out of control 失去控制 out of date 过时的，不用的 out of order __________________ out of place _______________ out of sight 看不见，在视野之外 out of the question 毫无可能 out of question无疑地 out of balance 失去平衡 out of work失业 14. through (1) 穿过…… They went through the forest. (2) 由，通过 She got the position through her older brother. (3) 由于，因为 Through his carelessness, the accident was caused. 15. to (1) 朝向；往 The house looks to the south. (2) 离 There are ten miles to the nearest village. (3) 到；直到 She stayed here to the end of march. (4) 对于 Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body. (5) (程度) 到 The poor man drank himslef to death. (6) 比 The wine is second to none. (7) 为了 Let’s drink to his health. (8) (结果) 致使 To my amazement, he cancelled the meeting. 用于某些短语： be similar to 与……相似 be loyal to 对……忠诚 to the east (west) 在以东(以西) to the point _____________ stick to ____________ owing to, due to, thanks to 由于 next to 隔壁，紧挨 belong to 属于 point to 指向 pay attention to 重视 add up to ____________ add….to _____________ lead to 通向，导致 refer to _____________ compare …to ____________ to one’s taste 符合胃口 leave… to 留……给……处理 do harm / good/ wrong to 对……伤害(有好处，做错等) live up to ____________ see to 照看，注意 look forward to 盼望 devote oneself to _____________ be senior/ junior to ____________ come to 共计，总计 according to 根据 drink/toast to 为……干杯 sing/ dance to ____________ turn to 转向，求助于 come to oneself ____________ owe… to _____________ to one’s surprise / sorrow / regret /great joy / satisfaction ____________________________ 【答案】 16. under 在……之下；低于 用于某些短语： under arrest (suspicion) 被逮捕 (怀疑)　　 under attack 受攻击 under control　　 ___________ under repair 在修理中 under discussion ___________ under construction 在建设中 under the influence (threat)　受到影响(威胁) under the cover of　 在……掩护下 under…circumstances (conditions)　____________ under the leadership (guidance, command) of　____________________ 17. with (1) 和……在(一起) (2) 对……(指人对某人某事的态度情绪，常用于形容词后) be friendly/ patient / strict / satisfied / angry / pleased / familiar with (3) 用、以……(表示工具，手段等) He writes with the left hand. (4) 具有，带有 China is a developing country with a long history. (5) 因为，由于 She turned red with cold (anger).　　 (6) 表示状态、方式、境况等 He went home with a heavy (light) heart.　　 (7) 随着 With the development of China’s economy, people’s living conditions will be improved. (8) 虽然，尽管 (接近in spite of) With his money, the rich man was unhappy. (9) with 和名词加上分词，形容词等构成短语作伴随状语(复合结构) The man with a black hat on is waiting for you. （三）常见介词用法辨析 1. 表示地理位置的介词： (1) at, in, on, to at (1)表示在小地方; (2)表示 “在……附近，旁边” in (1)表示在大地方; (2)表示 “在……范围之内”。 on 表示毗邻，接壤 to 表示在……范围外，不强调是否接壤 例句： He arrived _________ the station at ten. He is sitting _________ the desk. He arrived _________ Shanghai yesterday. Jiangsu lies _________ the east of China. Russia lies _________ the north of China. Fujian is _________ the south of Jiangsu. (2) above, over, on 在……上 above 指在……上方，不强调是否垂直，与 below相对； over指垂直的上方，与under相对，但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。 on表示在某物体上面并与之接触。 例句： The bird is flying _________ my head. There is a bridge _________ the river. He put his watch _________ the desk. (3) below, under 在……下面 under表示在…… 正下方； below表示在……下，不一定在正下方。 例句： There is a cat _________ the table. Please write your name _________ the line. 2. 表示时间的介词： (1) in , on，at 在……时 in表示较长时间，如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般（非特指）的早、中、晚等。 如：in the 20th century, in the 1950s, in 1989, in summer, in January, in the morning, in one’s life , in one’s thirties等。 on表示具体某一天及某一天的早、中、晚。 如：on May 1st, on Monday, on New Year’s Day, on a cold night in January, on a fine morning, on Sunday afternoon等。 at表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间，或泛指在圣诞节，复活节等。 如: at 3:20, at this time of year, at the beginning of, at the end of …, at the age of …, at Christmas, at night, at noon, at this moment等。 注意：在last, next, this, that, some, every 等词之前一律不用介词。如：We meet every day. (2) in, after 在……之后 “in +段时间” 表示将来的一段时间以后； “after+将来点时间” 表示将来的某一时刻以后。 例句：My mother will come back _________ three or four days. She will appear _________ five o’clock this afternoon. (3) from, since 自从…… from仅说明什么时候开始，不说明某动作或情况持续多久； since表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻，通常与完成时连用。 例句：He studied the piano _________ the age of three. They have lived here _________1978. (4) after, behind 在……之后 after主要用于表示时间； behind主要用于表示位置。 例句：We shall leave _________ lunch. Lucy is hiding _________ an old house. 3. 表运动方向的介词： across, through 通过，穿过 across表示横过，即从物体表面通过，与on有关； through穿过，即从物体内部穿过，与in有关。 例句：She swam _________the river. He walked _________ the forest. 4. 表示 “在……之间” 的介词： between, among between指在两个人或两个事物之间； among指在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间。 例句：There is a football match _________ Class One and Class Two on the playground. The teacher is standing _________the students. 5. 表示其他意义的介词： (1) on, about 关于 on 表示书籍，报告或者文章的内容是严肃的，或学术性的，可供专门研究这一问题的人阅读； about表示内容较为普通，不那么正式。 例句：There will be a lecture _________ economics this afternoon. He is writing a book _________ primary education. He told me a lot _________ his life in the summer vocation. (2) by, with, in 表示方法、手段、工具 by 以……方法、手段或泛指某种交通工具； with 表示用……工具、手段，一般接具体的工具和手段； in 表示用……方式，用……语言 (语调、笔墨、颜色) 等。 例句：He makes a living _________ selling newspapers. He broke the window _________ a stone. The foreigner spoke to us _________ English. (3) besides, except, except for, except what, except that 表示“除了” besides +n.“除……之外还”，包括在内； except +n. “除……之外”，不包括在内； except for +n. “要不是因为 ……”，主要用来谈论不同类的东西，在说明情况后在细节上加以修正，有时含有惋惜之意； except that+从句； except +what引导的名词性从句； except + when引导的时间状语从句。 因此except 后可加that, what, when, where, in等词，主要是根据后面的成分而定。 例句：_________ Mr. Wang, we went to see the film. _________ Mr. Wang, we also went to see the film. _________ was covered in the newspaper, he knew nothing about the accident. He is a good student _________ he sometimes comes late to school. She would have traveled more ________ lack of money. Most of the local people usually go to work by bike _________ it rains. （四）介词的省略 ①表示时间的介词on, at, in的省略。在this, last, yesterday, tomorrow, each, one, any, every, all等词之前，应该省略。如last weekend, this morning等。 ②介词for表示时间的省略要求。 （A）以all开头的名词短语，for要省略。如：I stayed with her all the morning. （B）表示一段时间的短语之前，for可以省略，也可以不省略。如：I have been waiting here (for) more than three hours. （C）否定句中，表示时间的短语前的for不能省略。如：I haven’t seen you for thirty years. （D）时间状语在主句之前，for不能省略。如：For the whole morning, the old man kept reading. ③某些动词短语之后的介词可以省略，例如：be busy (in) doing sth.; spend money/time (in) doing sth.; have luck (in) doing sth.; have difficulty/ trouble (in) doing sth.; There is no use (in) doing sth.; prevent/stop sb. (from) doing sth. Nothing can prevent me (from) doing the job. She spent nearly two hours (in) translating it. 1. （2025 海淀期末A）Since the launch of the program ______ 1978, China has expanded its afforestation area by 32 million hectares. 2. （2025 西城期末A）The recipe was passed down from my great-grandmother to my great-uncle Olof, who baked it every week and later taught it ______ me when I was fourteen. 3. （2025 东城期末B）This new battery lets them work ______ needing external power. 4. （2025 丰台期末C）But I would rather have eaten ______ my hands than go through that experience. 5. （2025 海淀二模A）Before my trip ______ China in April, I was quite nervous because I had no idea what difficulties I would encounter at the border control department. 6. （2025 西城二模A）The country is making steady progress in its manned lunar program and aims to land Chinese astronauts ______ the moon by 2030. 7. （2025 东城二模A）______ no collar to guide him, he had to go door-to-door until he found me. 8. （2025 朝阳二模A）Her mastery of language and extensive insights ______ foreign affairs enabled her to handle high-level dialogues smoothly. 9. （2025 石景山一模B）In China, the government hotline was launched ______ big cities during the 1980s and later improved to be a citizen service platform in 2019. 10. （2024 海淀一模）______ policemen's quick response, she was found unharmed. 11. （2024 西城一模）The 5-Second Rule suggests food is OK to eat if you pick it up ______ five seconds or less. 12. （2024 东城一模）"We went shopping for a new coat!" they all shouted ______ wonderfully perfect English. 13. （2024 朝阳一模）His painting of a prehistoric flying animal became the cover of important scientific journal Nature in 2006, a highlight in his career ______ a science artist. 14. （2024 海淀二模）Keeping our emotions ______ dominating our lives is essential because stable emotion brings a sense of contentment and calm. 15. （2024 西城二模）A person's memory is like a hall with many rooms, some visited frequently, others untouched ______ years. 16. （2024 东城二模）Anna Bernstein, a prompt engineer, writes prompts and feeds them ______ AI tools. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $