专题05 代词（复习讲义）（北京专用）2026年高考英语二轮复习讲练测

该高中英语高考复习讲义聚焦代词专题，系统覆盖人称、物主、反身等八大代词类型，依据考频构建“考情精解-知能架构-考点攻坚”知识体系，通过真题溯源、考点梳理、方法指导和分层训练，帮助学生建立代词指代逻辑与语境应用能力。 资料以反身代词、不定代词等高频考点为核心，创新采用“真题情境还原+考点拓展辨析”策略，如结合2024北京卷“think to oneself”案例解析固定搭配，通过“one/that/it”指代差异对比培养思维品质，设置基础与提升练习，助力教师精准把控节奏，有效提升学生语言应用与应试能力。

专题05 代词 目录 01 析·考情精解 1 02 构·知能架构 1 03 破·考点攻坚 3 I. 人称代词 3 Ⅱ. 物主代词 4 III. 指示代词this/these, that/those, such 4 IV. 反（自）身代词 4 V. 相互代词one another / each other 5 VI. 疑问代词 5 VII. 不定代词 5 01 析·考情精解 命题轨迹透视 近5年北京高考英语语法填空代词考点聚焦反身代词，考查频率较低但核心集中。主要涉及两人称代词→反身代词转换（主语与宾语指代一致）、反身代词固定搭配（如think to oneself），需结合语境判断指代逻辑。未考查物主代词、指示代词等，未来或拓展反身代词常用搭配（如by oneself）。 出处 题目 考点 2024北京卷C篇 I thought 8. ______ myself, “Why would he carry all his books?” 反身代词（固定搭配think to oneself） 2022北京卷C篇 Since people can’t always eat out or cook for 7. ______ (they), they get takeout or order delivery. 人称代词→反身代词转换（作宾语，指代主语people） 2026命题预测 2026年高考英语代词考点将延续核心方向，聚焦反身代词（如by oneself等固定搭配、主语与宾语指代一致）和人称/物主代词（词形转换、单复数匹配）。或新增不定代词（another/none）辨析，it作形式主宾语也可能涉及，语篇贴合传统文化、科技热点，需结合语境精准判断指代逻辑。 02 构·知能架构 03 破·考点攻坚 知识精要 英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反（自）身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词（详见从句学案）八种。 I. 人称代词 单数 复数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 主格 I you he she it we you they 宾格 me you him her it us you them 1. 人称代词作主语时用主格，作宾语时用宾格，作表语时多用宾格。例如： He sat down at his computer and began to work. I respect him a lot. I hope it wasn’t him. 2. it 的用法 (1) ①常用来代替上文已提到过的那件事物②性别不明确的动物③指代婴儿④未知人⑤境况 ⑥电话用语⑦天气⑧时间⑨距离⑩自然现象、环境等； 1）That vase is valuable. It’s more than 2000 years old. 2）She went up to the cat and started stroking it. 3）It’s a lovely baby. Is it a boy or a girl? 4）Go and see who it is? 5）How is it going with your father? 6）“Who is it speaking?” “It’s Sam.” 7）It kept snowing for a week. 8）It is three years since they parted. 9）It is about twenty kilometers from the airport to the city centre. 10）It’s noisy here. (2) it作形式主语或形式宾语 it可以作形式主语或形式宾语，后面真正的主语或宾语通常是不定式结构，动词-ing结构或名词性从句。例如： It is great fun playing basketball. We feel it our duty to make our country a better place. 下面的句型为常用习语类型，it可以理解为形式主语或宾语，其后的when或if或that从句是它所替代的真正主语或宾语。此类常见的固定搭配要熟记： ① It hits/strikes/occurs to sb. that … 意识到 ② It turns out that… 结果是 ③ It happens that … 碰巧的是 ④ I like/hate/dislike it when… 喜欢/讨厌 ⑤ I will appreciate it if… 不胜感激 ⑥ I will see to it that… 处理/负责 ⑦ I take it for granted that… 认为…是理所当然 (3) itt用于强调结构： It is/was +被强调部分+who/that + 其它剩余部分（详见特殊句式） (4) it在部分动词后面，构成习惯用法，主要用于非正式文体或口语当中，应熟练掌握。 ① You can make it. 成功做到 ② When will you come？Try to make it early. 约定(时间、地点) ③ Hold the ladder for me — that’s it. 正是这样，够了，结束了 ④ I can’t help it if he doesn’t come. 无能为力，爱莫能助 ⑤ Take it easy. 别紧张，放轻松 ⑥ Let’s face it, Scott. We’re not as young as we used to be. 面对现实 ⑦ It is a matter of balance, as a teacher puts it. 正如…所说 Ⅱ. 物主代词 1. 形容词性物主代词：形容词性物主代词可以作动名词的逻辑主语。 Do you mind my/me smoking here? Peter’s /His coming made me feel very happy. 2. 名词性物主代词：名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”, 同时名词性物主代词可以构成双重所有格。如： This is your book. That is mine. He is a friend of my father’s. III. 指示代词this/these, that/those, such 1. this常用来指下面要谈到的事物，例如： I want to know this: Has John been here? 2. that和those有时用来代表前面提到的东西，以避免重复这个名词： The best coal is that from Newcastle. These machines are better than those we turned out last year. 如果这个名词是单数可数名词，用the one（而不用that）的时候更多一些，如： I’ll take the seat next to the one by the window. · 考点拓展：辨析one/that/it one替代前面出现的单数可数名词，是泛指，相当于a/an+n.，当one前有形容词修饰时，one前需加a/an； that替代前面提过的单数可数名词或不可数名词，是特指，相当于the+n.，通常在比较事物的句子中使用； it可用来指代前面提到的同一人或物，指前面所提到的人或物，意为 “这个；那个”，它可用来指代可数名词、不可数名词，是确指。 ① I liked the house very much, so we bought _____________. ② We are looking for a house, _____________ with a garden. ③ A house made of stone is much stronger than _____________ made of wood. ④ The climate in Changchun is colder than _____________ in Shanghai. ⑤ Aristotle concluded that heavy objects always fell faster than light _____________. ⑥ This room is too small. You need a larger _____________. ⑦ The films starring Stephen Chow are a lot more amusing than _____________ starring Andy. ☺注意答题时的切入点是观察题干当中需要被指代的名词是特指、泛指还是确指。 指示代词：① it，② one，③ one，④ that， ⑤ ones，⑥ one，⑦ those/ the ones 3. such: such persons or things 这样的人或事物。例如： I don’t like such weather. (作定语) Such was Albert Einstein, a simple and great man. (作表语) IV. 反（自）身代词 1. 反身代词在句中可作动词和介词的宾语，状语，同位语，或表语。 I teach myself English. (作动词宾语) She looked at herself in the mirror. (作介词宾语) He wrote the letter himself. (作状语) You yourself did it. (作同位语，表示强调) Alice is not quite herself today. (作表语，表示某种身体状况) 注意：(1) 如果主语和宾语不是同一人或物，就不能使用反身代词。另外，还要保持反身代词同其所 代表的先行词在人称及数方面的一致。 (2) 如果介词表示位置，则不可用反身代词作宾语。She closed the door after her. (3) 有些“动词+反身代词”结构可以同被动语态结构互换，前者强调动作，后者强调状态。 ① He lost himself in the hills. ②He got (was) lost in the hills. 2. 反身代词的习惯用法 (1) 与介词搭配： by oneself 独自地 for oneself亲自 of oneself自动地 in oneself本质上 between ourselves 只限于咱们之间；秘密的 to oneself为单独所用；为单独所有 You have to decide for yourself. The accident did not happen of itself. (2) 与动词搭配： come to oneself 苏醒；恢复知觉 dress (oneself) 打扮；自己穿衣 devote oneself to 致力于；献身于 behave (oneself) 举止得体 apply oneself to 专心致志于 help oneself to随便吃/用 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 seat oneself就坐；入席 make yourself at home 别客气 adapt/adjust oneself to适应于 teach oneself 自学 speak to oneself 自言自语 think for oneself 独立思考 V. 相互代词one another / each other 1. 常作宾语，不作主语。 We should help each other/one another. 2. 所有格形式分别为each other’s /one another’s We should point out each other’s shortcomings. VI. 疑问代词 常见的疑问代词有who, whom, whose, what, which等。 试对比：“What is his wife?” “She’s a teacher.” “Who is his wife?” “She’s Catherine Banks, the daughter of a famous actor.” △一般说来，what问职业或地位；who问姓名或身份 观 察：Which do you like better, pears or apples? Which of you would like to go to the cinema? △which 用于已知范围的提问，其后可跟of短语；what用于未知情况的疑问，其后不能跟of短语。 VII. 不定代词 都 任一 都不 每一个 两者 both either neither each 三者或以上 all any none every/each 1. 注意主谓一致 Each student has a book. The students each have a book. Each boy and (each) girl is to sign his name here. Neither of his parents have/has received good education. None of us is/are perfect. “All are present and all is going on well,” our monitor said. (all指三个或三个以上的人或事物，作主语时，谓语用复数。也可以指代不可数名词，表示“一切”的意思，作主语时，谓语用单数。) 2. 全部否定和部分否定 部分否定：not all… = all…not; not every… = every …not; not both… = both… not 全部否定：no + 名词；none /none of …; no one/nothing; neither/neither of… All of my friends are not teachers. = Not all of my friends are teachers. (部分否定) None of my friends is/are teachers. (全部否定) （阅读情景再现）This year’s flu season is pretty scary. Even if every single person got a shot in the arm, the vaccine — with its excellent 36 percent effectiveness — would not prevent everyone from getting infected with the annoying virus. What can we infer from this paragraph? 【A】 A. Not all the vaccine is effective. B. No one can avoid catching this year’s flu. 3. 复合不定代词 复合不定代词由some, any, every, no与body, one, thing构成，如somebody, anybody, everybody, nobody, someone, anyone, everyone, no one, something, anything, everything, nothing等。在具体使用时注意以下几点： (1) everyone, anyone, someone和no one只能指代人，不与of 短语连用。every one和any one 及none可以指代人或物，可与of短语连用。 Everyone can do it. Every one of us can do it. Every one of the books is worth reading. No one doubts her competence as a teacher. (2) none与nothing/nobody/no one none可以指代人或物，既可指可数名词，也可指不可数名词，强调数量为零，可以与of 短语连用；而nobody只能指代人，nothing 只能指代物，两者均不与of 短语连用。 Who is in the classroom? How many people are there in the classroom? Nobody/No one. None. What is in the cup? How much water is there in the cup? Nothing. None. (3) 修饰复合不定代词的形容词必须置于其后。如： Has anything special happened? (4) 不定代词常用于一些惯用语中。 ① He is anything but a musician. ________________ ② He is a painter or something. ________________ ③ My success is nothing to yours. ________________ ④ Intelligence is something but diligence is everything. ________________ ⑤ His brother is really something/somebody. I am nobody. ________________ ⑥ A lot of people support Katz’s theory, so there must be something in it. ________________ ⑦ I wanted to prove to my family that I could make something of myself. ________________ ⑧ Nobody gets anything for nothing. ________________ ⑨ Our scientific research is second to none. ________________ ⑩ The new arrival was none other than the President. ________________ 【答案】 ① He is anything but a musician. 他根本不是个音乐家。 ② He is a painter or something. 他是个画家什么之类吧。 ③ My success is nothing to yours. 不值一提 ④ Intelligence is something but diligence is everything. 了不起；一切/万能 ⑤ His brother is really something/somebody. I am nobody. 了不起；无名小卒 ⑥ A lot of people support Katz’s theory, so there must be something in it. 有道理 ⑦ I wanted to prove to my family that I could make something of myself. 自己打拼成功 ⑧ Nobody gets anything for nothing. 没人能不劳而获。 ⑨ Our scientific research is second to none. 我们的科学研究是顶尖的。 ⑩ The new arrival was none other than the President. 姗姗来迟的不是别人，正是总统。 4. another/other/the other/others/the others 单数 复数 泛指 another 另外一个 做 定 语 做主语、宾语 other 另外的，别的 others 别人，别的东西 特指 the other 两者中的另一个 the other 其他的 the others （某范围内的）剩余的人或物 Please give another example to illustrate your point. This story is more instructive than the other one. He likes to help others. 5. many/much/few/little ① only a few/little 只有一些/点儿 ② quite a few/little 相当多 = many/much ③ not a bit…一点也不 ④ not a little… 十分；非常 1. （2025 东城期末B）Previously these robots needed sunlight to work, which limited ______ they could go. 2. （2025 海淀一模A）To create a follow-up movie, he immersed ______ (he) in perfecting storytelling and cutting-edge effects, often working 16-hour days. 3. （2025 东城一模B）The dogs usually approached—or at least spent more time looking at—the person ______ voice they heard. 4. （2025 海淀二模A）Before my trip to China in April, I was quite nervous because I had no idea ______ difficulties I would encounter at the border control department. 5. （2025 东城二模B）This activity is a win-win situation: we take care of Mother Nature while taking care of ______ (we). 6. （2025 朝阳二模C）Similarly, a live album allows fans to relive the experience and enjoy ______ (they) as if they were in the scene. 7. （2024 海淀一模）The public praised the team's efficiency in turning ______ could have been a tragedy into a heartwarming reunion. 8. （2024 海淀一模）When that energy is released in an uncontrolled manner, it generates heat, ______ can transform certain internal battery components into burnable gases. 9. （2024 西城一模）Bacteria can attach ______ (it) to your food instantly, regardless of how quickly it is picked up. 10. （2024 朝阳一模）Zhao Chuang is a science artist working in Beijing, ______ job bridges science and art by painting and sculpturing ancient extinct species. 11. （2024 朝阳一模）The city's individual attractions make ______ a must-see spot no matter the weather. 【答案和解析】 1. 答案：where；解析：连接代词，引导宾语从句。从句“they could go”缺少地点状语，where指代“机器人能到达的地方”，在从句中充当地点状语，明确动作的范围限定。 2. 答案：himself；解析：反身代词。固定搭配“immerse oneself in sth.”（沉浸于某事），主语为第三人称单数“he”，反身代词需与主语指代一致，故用himself，符合“动作作用于主语自身”的语法逻辑。 3. 答案：whose；解析：关系代词，引导限制性定语从句。先行词为“the person”，从句中“voice”与先行词存在所属关系（“那个人的声音”），whose用于表所属，连接先行词与从句，充当从句定语。 4. 答案：what；解析：连接代词，引导宾语从句。从句修饰名词“difficulties”，what表“什么样的”，在从句中作定语，明确“遇到的困难类型”，符合“have no idea + 宾语从句”的句式逻辑。 5. 答案：ourselves；解析：反身代词。主语为第一人称复数“we”，“take care of oneself”表“照顾自己”，反身代词需与主语指代一致，故用ourselves，强调动作作用于主语自身。 6. 答案：themselves；解析：反身代词。固定搭配“enjoy oneself”（享受其中、玩得开心），主语“fans”为复数，反身代词需与主语主谓一致，故用themselves，契合“粉丝沉浸于体验”的语境。 7. 答案：what；解析：连接代词，引导宾语从句。从句“could have been a tragedy”缺少主语，what指代“原本可能是悲剧的事情”，在从句中作主语，将抽象事件具体化，充当“turn”的宾语。 8. 答案：which；解析：关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句。指代前文提到的“heat”（热量），从句中缺少主语，which用于补充说明先行词的作用，符合非限制性定语从句“补充信息”的功能。 9. 答案：themselves；解析：反身代词。主语“bacteria”（细菌）为复数（单数形式为bacterium），“attach oneself to sth.”表“附着于某物”，反身代词需与主语指代一致，故用themselves，体现“细菌自身附着于食物”的逻辑。 10. 答案：whose；解析：关系代词，引导限制性定语从句。先行词为“a science artist”，从句中“job”与先行词存在所属关系（“这位艺术家的工作”），whose直接修饰后面的名词“job”，连接先行词与从句，表所属。 11. 答案：it；解析：形式宾语。句子真正的宾语是“a must-see spot”，为避免句子结构头重脚轻，用it作形式宾语，替代后面的真正宾语，符合“make + it + 宾语补足语”的常用句式。 5 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 代词 目录 01 析·考情精解 1 02 构·知能架构 1 03 破·考点攻坚 3 I. 人称代词 3 Ⅱ. 物主代词 4 III. 指示代词this/these, that/those, such 4 IV. 反（自）身代词 4 V. 相互代词one another / each other 5 VI. 疑问代词 5 VII. 不定代词 5 01 析·考情精解 命题轨迹透视 近5年北京高考英语语法填空代词考点聚焦反身代词，考查频率较低但核心集中。主要涉及两人称代词→反身代词转换（主语与宾语指代一致）、反身代词固定搭配（如think to oneself），需结合语境判断指代逻辑。未考查物主代词、指示代词等，未来或拓展反身代词常用搭配（如by oneself）。 出处 题目 考点 2024北京卷C篇 I thought 8. ______ myself, “Why would he carry all his books?” 反身代词（固定搭配think to oneself） 2022北京卷C篇 Since people can’t always eat out or cook for 7. ______ (they), they get takeout or order delivery. 人称代词→反身代词转换（作宾语，指代主语people） 2026命题预测 2026年高考英语代词考点将延续核心方向，聚焦反身代词（如by oneself等固定搭配、主语与宾语指代一致）和人称/物主代词（词形转换、单复数匹配）。或新增不定代词（another/none）辨析，it作形式主宾语也可能涉及，语篇贴合传统文化、科技热点，需结合语境精准判断指代逻辑。 02 构·知能架构 03 破·考点攻坚 知识精要 英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反（自）身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词（详见从句学案）八种。 I. 人称代词 单数 复数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 主格 I you he she it we you they 宾格 me you him her it us you them 1. 人称代词作主语时用主格，作宾语时用宾格，作表语时多用宾格。例如： He sat down at his computer and began to work. I respect him a lot. I hope it wasn’t him. 2. it 的用法 (1) ①常用来代替上文已提到过的那件事物②性别不明确的动物③指代婴儿④未知人⑤境况 ⑥电话用语⑦天气⑧时间⑨距离⑩自然现象、环境等； 1）That vase is valuable. It’s more than 2000 years old. 2）She went up to the cat and started stroking it. 3）It’s a lovely baby. Is it a boy or a girl? 4）Go and see who it is? 5）How is it going with your father? 6）“Who is it speaking?” “It’s Sam.” 7）It kept snowing for a week. 8）It is three years since they parted. 9）It is about twenty kilometers from the airport to the city centre. 10）It’s noisy here. (2) it作形式主语或形式宾语 it可以作形式主语或形式宾语，后面真正的主语或宾语通常是不定式结构，动词-ing结构或名词性从句。例如： It is great fun playing basketball. We feel it our duty to make our country a better place. 下面的句型为常用习语类型，it可以理解为形式主语或宾语，其后的when或if或that从句是它所替代的真正主语或宾语。此类常见的固定搭配要熟记： ① It hits/strikes/occurs to sb. that … 意识到 ② It turns out that… 结果是 ③ It happens that … 碰巧的是 ④ I like/hate/dislike it when… 喜欢/讨厌 ⑤ I will appreciate it if… 不胜感激 ⑥ I will see to it that… 处理/负责 ⑦ I take it for granted that… 认为…是理所当然 (3) itt用于强调结构： It is/was +被强调部分+who/that + 其它剩余部分（详见特殊句式） (4) it在部分动词后面，构成习惯用法，主要用于非正式文体或口语当中，应熟练掌握。 ① You can make it. 成功做到 ② When will you come？Try to make it early. 约定(时间、地点) ③ Hold the ladder for me — that’s it. 正是这样，够了，结束了 ④ I can’t help it if he doesn’t come. 无能为力，爱莫能助 ⑤ Take it easy. 别紧张，放轻松 ⑥ Let’s face it, Scott. We’re not as young as we used to be. 面对现实 ⑦ It is a matter of balance, as a teacher puts it. 正如…所说 Ⅱ. 物主代词 1. 形容词性物主代词：形容词性物主代词可以作动名词的逻辑主语。 Do you mind my/me smoking here? Peter’s /His coming made me feel very happy. 2. 名词性物主代词：名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”, 同时名词性物主代词可以构成双重所有格。如： This is your book. That is mine. He is a friend of my father’s. III. 指示代词this/these, that/those, such 1. this常用来指下面要谈到的事物，例如： I want to know this: Has John been here? 2. that和those有时用来代表前面提到的东西，以避免重复这个名词： The best coal is that from Newcastle. These machines are better than those we turned out last year. 如果这个名词是单数可数名词，用the one（而不用that）的时候更多一些，如： I’ll take the seat next to the one by the window. · 考点拓展：辨析one/that/it one替代前面出现的单数可数名词，是泛指，相当于a/an+n.，当one前有形容词修饰时，one前需加a/an； that替代前面提过的单数可数名词或不可数名词，是特指，相当于the+n.，通常在比较事物的句子中使用； it可用来指代前面提到的同一人或物，指前面所提到的人或物，意为 “这个；那个”，它可用来指代可数名词、不可数名词，是确指。 ① I liked the house very much, so we bought _____________. ② We are looking for a house, _____________ with a garden. ③ A house made of stone is much stronger than _____________ made of wood. ④ The climate in Changchun is colder than _____________ in Shanghai. ⑤ Aristotle concluded that heavy objects always fell faster than light _____________. ⑥ This room is too small. You need a larger _____________. ⑦ The films starring Stephen Chow are a lot more amusing than _____________ starring Andy. ☺注意答题时的切入点是观察题干当中需要被指代的名词是特指、泛指还是确指。 3. such: such persons or things 这样的人或事物。例如： I don’t like such weather. (作定语) Such was Albert Einstein, a simple and great man. (作表语) IV. 反（自）身代词 1. 反身代词在句中可作动词和介词的宾语，状语，同位语，或表语。 I teach myself English. (作动词宾语) She looked at herself in the mirror. (作介词宾语) He wrote the letter himself. (作状语) You yourself did it. (作同位语，表示强调) Alice is not quite herself today. (作表语，表示某种身体状况) 注意：(1) 如果主语和宾语不是同一人或物，就不能使用反身代词。另外，还要保持反身代词同其所 代表的先行词在人称及数方面的一致。 (2) 如果介词表示位置，则不可用反身代词作宾语。She closed the door after her. (3) 有些“动词+反身代词”结构可以同被动语态结构互换，前者强调动作，后者强调状态。 ① He lost himself in the hills. ②He got (was) lost in the hills. 2. 反身代词的习惯用法 (1) 与介词搭配： by oneself 独自地 for oneself亲自 of oneself自动地 in oneself本质上 between ourselves 只限于咱们之间；秘密的 to oneself为单独所用；为单独所有 You have to decide for yourself. The accident did not happen of itself. (2) 与动词搭配： come to oneself 苏醒；恢复知觉 dress (oneself) 打扮；自己穿衣 devote oneself to 致力于；献身于 behave (oneself) 举止得体 apply oneself to 专心致志于 help oneself to随便吃/用 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 seat oneself就坐；入席 make yourself at home 别客气 adapt/adjust oneself to适应于 teach oneself 自学 speak to oneself 自言自语 think for oneself 独立思考 V. 相互代词one another / each other 1. 常作宾语，不作主语。 We should help each other/one another. 2. 所有格形式分别为each other’s /one another’s We should point out each other’s shortcomings. VI. 疑问代词 常见的疑问代词有who, whom, whose, what, which等。 试对比：“What is his wife?” “She’s a teacher.” “Who is his wife?” “She’s Catherine Banks, the daughter of a famous actor.” △一般说来，what问职业或地位；who问姓名或身份 观 察：Which do you like better, pears or apples? Which of you would like to go to the cinema? △which 用于已知范围的提问，其后可跟of短语；what用于未知情况的疑问，其后不能跟of短语。 VII. 不定代词 都 任一 都不 每一个 两者 both either neither each 三者或以上 all any none every/each 1. 注意主谓一致 Each student has a book. The students each have a book. Each boy and (each) girl is to sign his name here. Neither of his parents have/has received good education. None of us is/are perfect. “All are present and all is going on well,” our monitor said. (all指三个或三个以上的人或事物，作主语时，谓语用复数。也可以指代不可数名词，表示“一切”的意思，作主语时，谓语用单数。) 2. 全部否定和部分否定 部分否定：not all… = all…not; not every… = every …not; not both… = both… not 全部否定：no + 名词；none /none of …; no one/nothing; neither/neither of… All of my friends are not teachers. = Not all of my friends are teachers. (部分否定) None of my friends is/are teachers. (全部否定) （阅读情景再现）This year’s flu season is pretty scary. Even if every single person got a shot in the arm, the vaccine — with its excellent 36 percent effectiveness — would not prevent everyone from getting infected with the annoying virus. What can we infer from this paragraph? A. Not all the vaccine is effective. B. No one can avoid catching this year’s flu. 3. 复合不定代词 复合不定代词由some, any, every, no与body, one, thing构成，如somebody, anybody, everybody, nobody, someone, anyone, everyone, no one, something, anything, everything, nothing等。在具体使用时注意以下几点： (1) everyone, anyone, someone和no one只能指代人，不与of 短语连用。every one和any one 及none可以指代人或物，可与of短语连用。 Everyone can do it. Every one of us can do it. Every one of the books is worth reading. No one doubts her competence as a teacher. (2) none与nothing/nobody/no one none可以指代人或物，既可指可数名词，也可指不可数名词，强调数量为零，可以与of 短语连用；而nobody只能指代人，nothing 只能指代物，两者均不与of 短语连用。 Who is in the classroom? How many people are there in the classroom? Nobody/No one. None. What is in the cup? How much water is there in the cup? Nothing. None. (3) 修饰复合不定代词的形容词必须置于其后。如： Has anything special happened? (4) 不定代词常用于一些惯用语中。 ① He is anything but a musician. ________________ ② He is a painter or something. ________________ ③ My success is nothing to yours. ________________ ④ Intelligence is something but diligence is everything. ________________ ⑤ His brother is really something/somebody. I am nobody. ________________ ⑥ A lot of people support Katz’s theory, so there must be something in it. ________________ ⑦ I wanted to prove to my family that I could make something of myself. ________________ ⑧ Nobody gets anything for nothing. ________________ ⑨ Our scientific research is second to none. ________________ ⑩ The new arrival was none other than the President. ________________ 4. another/other/the other/others/the others 单数 复数 泛指 another 另外一个 做 定 语 做主语、宾语 other 另外的，别的 others 别人，别的东西 特指 the other 两者中的另一个 the other 其他的 the others （某范围内的）剩余的人或物 Please give another example to illustrate your point. This story is more instructive than the other one. He likes to help others. 5. many/much/few/little ① only a few/little 只有一些/点儿 ② quite a few/little 相当多 = many/much ③ not a bit…一点也不 ④ not a little… 十分；非常 1. （2025 东城期末B）Previously these robots needed sunlight to work, which limited ______ they could go. 2. （2025 海淀一模A）To create a follow-up movie, he immersed ______ (he) in perfecting storytelling and cutting-edge effects, often working 16-hour days. 3. （2025 东城一模B）The dogs usually approached—or at least spent more time looking at—the person ______ voice they heard. 4. （2025 海淀二模A）Before my trip to China in April, I was quite nervous because I had no idea ______ difficulties I would encounter at the border control department. 5. （2025 东城二模B）This activity is a win-win situation: we take care of Mother Nature while taking care of ______ (we). 6. （2025 朝阳二模C）Similarly, a live album allows fans to relive the experience and enjoy ______ (they) as if they were in the scene. 7. （2024 海淀一模）The public praised the team's efficiency in turning ______ could have been a tragedy into a heartwarming reunion. 8. （2024 海淀一模）When that energy is released in an uncontrolled manner, it generates heat, ______ can transform certain internal battery components into burnable gases. 9. （2024 西城一模）Bacteria can attach ______ (it) to your food instantly, regardless of how quickly it is picked up. 10. （2024 朝阳一模）Zhao Chuang is a science artist working in Beijing, ______ job bridges science and art by painting and sculpturing ancient extinct species. 11. （2024 朝阳一模）The city's individual attractions make ______ a must-see spot no matter the weather. 5 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $