Unit 1 Wish you were here（知识清单）英语译林版选择性必修第三册

该高中英语Unit 1知识清单全面梳理了“Wish you were here”单元内容，涵盖12个重点词汇、非限制性定语从句及旅行计划应用文写作三大范畴，搭建了从词汇基础到语法应用再到写作实践的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“知识点解析+拓展应用+分层练习”构建知识体系，如词汇配教材原句与写作佳句，语法分which用法等模块并设as与which对比练习，培养语言能力和思维品质。写作设计“分步指导”含审题谋篇、词句升级，如旅行计划示例的“要点翻译”助学生掌握结构，便利学生自主学习，教师可据此设计分层教学活动。

Unit 1 Wish you were here 一、词汇清单 知识点1 unfold vi.&vt.开花;展开,打开;展示,展现 【教材原句】Canada is like a blooming flower, unfolding with breathtaking beauty and richness to win the heart of those who enjoy what it has to offer. （教材p2） 【拓展】 (1)fold vt.&.vi.折叠,对折n. 褶,褶痕 fold one’s arms 交叉双臂 fold sth. in half/into two 把……对折 fold sth. into sth. 把……调入;拌入 fold up 折叠,折起 【写作佳句】Curious to find out what was inside, I unfolded the tiny note and recognized my father’s writing. 想弄清楚里面是什么，我打开了那张小纸条，认出了父亲的字迹。 【经典练】单句语法填空 As the mist cleared, a beautiful view __________(fold) before their eyes. 知识点2 distinct adj.截然不同的,有区别的,不同种类的;清楚的,清晰的 【教材原句】It is also one of the most ethnically diverse nations in the world with distinct cultures. （教材p2） 【拓展】 be distinct from　 与……不同 distinctly adv.清晰地 distinction n.差别,区别 a distinction between...and... ……和……之间的区别 without distinction 无差别,一视同仁地 【写作佳句】 Their eyes barely move, and they always have the same distinct expression on their faces. It is as though they are asleep with their eyes open.他们的眼睛几乎不动，脸上表情疏远呆滞，好像睁着眼睛在睡觉。 【经典练】单句语法填空 ①She had the __________ (distinct) of being the first woman to swim the channel. ②The old universities are open to all, without __________ (distinct) of rank or religion. 知识点3 minority n. 少数民族,少数群体;少数,少数人 【教材原句】　The major ethnic groups, for example, include the English, Scottish and French, while the minority groups include residents from Singapore and the Pacific Islands.（教材p3） 【拓展】 be in a/the minority 占少数;成为少数派 minor adj. 较小的;次要的;轻微的 vi. 兼修 majority n. 大部分;大多数 be in a/the majority 占多数;成为多数派 major adj. 主要的;重要的 n.专业课vi 主修,专攻 major in 主修 【写作佳句】 Apart from being the kingdom of flowers, it is home to many ethnic minority groups.云南)除了是花的王国以外, 还是许多少数民族的居住地。 【经典练】单句语法填空 Most of the people turned their back to him.Only a __________ (minor) of people gave him a hand. 知识点4 carve vt.侵蚀,冲刷;雕,刻;奋斗取得;把(熟肉)切成块 【教材原句】To the east of the Pacific coast rise the grand Rocky Mountains, which are home to high peaks and deep valleys carved by ice and water.（教材p3） 【拓展】 carve...from... 用……雕刻…… carve...into... 把……雕刻成…… carve out 开拓(事业);提高(地位) carve up 分割,划分 【写作佳句】Known as the Mogao Grottoes, these ancient caves were carved out of the rock over a period of 1,000 years.以“莫高窟”而闻名，这些古老的洞窟是一千多年前在岩石上雕刻而成的。 【经典练】单句语法填空 ①Wood __________ (carve) began as a necessity in America and developed into an art. ②The dark days when imperialism could carve __________ the world at will are gone forever. ③It was common practice to carve objects __________ animal bones to pass the time. 知识点5 sample vt. 尝,品尝,体验;抽样检验 n. 样本,样品;取样 【教材原句】In Montreal, one of the largest French-speaking cities in the world, you can sample the food with a typical French flavor and see the original buildings in the French style of architecture. （教材p3） 【拓展】 sample sb./sth. 　 抽样调查某人/某物;品尝某物 a random sample 随机抽样 a sample survey 抽样调查 the blood sample(s) 血样 【写作佳句】The research team blamed the lab technician for mishandling the samples.研究小组指责实验室技术员错误处理了样本。 【经典练】单句语法填空 I __________ (sample) the delights of Greek cooking for the first time. 知识点6 accommodation n.住处，工作场所；住宿；膳宿；和解；调解 The prices of tourist essentials such as transport, accommodation and food usually increase too, which brings even more wealth to the surrounding community. （教材p6） 【拓展】 accommodate vt. 帮忙，给……提供方便；使……适应；向……提供住宿（或膳食、座位等）；容纳 accommodate to sth. 顺应/适应(新情况) accommodate sb./ oneself to sth. 使某人/自己适应某事 accommodate sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物 【写作佳句】Only when a package tour offers reasonable schedules and safe accommodation can it truly win the tourists’ favour. 一个团队游只有行程合理、食宿放心才能真正获得游客的青睐。 【经典练】单句语法填空 ①Some animal and plant species cannot accommodate __________ the rapidly changing conditions. ② He will accommodate me __________ the use of his house while he is abroad. ③ I realize that you don’t have to worry about food or __________ (accommodate) because they’re all provided. 知识点7 surrounding adj. 周围的，附近的 【教材原句】　The prices of tourist essentials such as transport, accommodation and food usually increase too, which brings even more wealth to the surrounding community.（教材p6） 【拓展】 surroundings n. 环境 surround vt. 围绕，环绕 surround ... with ... 用……围绕/环绕…… be surrounded by/with ... 周围都是…… surround yourself with sb./sth. 喜欢做(某类人)，喜欢身边总有(某类东西) 【写作佳句】We tend to feel happy once our basic needs are met and we have more than the people surrounding us.一旦我们的基本需求得到满足，我们比周围的人拥有的更多，我们就会感到快乐。 【经典练】单句语法填空 ① Gwen is __________ (surround) by books and papers. ② People are __________ (surround) their homes with fences..  ③ Maureen loved to surround herself __________ art. 知识点8 sustain vt. 维持；遭受；承受住 【教材原句】As resources are used more rapidly than they can be sustained, wildlife habitats are likely to suffer, which could endanger the local plants and animals. （教材p6） 【拓展】 sustainable adj. 可持续的，合理利用的 sustainable economic growth 经济的可持续增长 sustainable development 可持续发展 【写作佳句】　In summary, being a sustainable tourist comes down torespect — for nature, culture and people.总而言之，做一名践行可持续旅游理念的游客归根结底就是要心怀尊重——对自然、文化和人的尊重。 【经典练】完成句子 ① The ice was too thin to __________ (承受体重) of the goat. ② The typhoon left, and the city had __________(遭受巨大破坏). ③ The aim of the meeting was to promote __________(可持续发展) in that area. 知识点9 manner n.方式，方法；举止manners 礼貌 【教材原句】　It is important to travel in an environmentally friendly manner.（教材p7） 【拓展】 in a… manner 以……方式/ 方法 a manner of (doing) sth. (做)某事的方式 manner towards 对……的态度 have good/no manners 有/没礼貌 It’s good/bad manners to do sth. 做某事是有/没有礼貌的 table manners 餐桌礼仪 【写作佳句】It is likely that you make your friends feel embarrassed if you don't know China’s table manners. 如果你不懂中国的餐桌礼仪, 你可能会使你的朋友感到尴尬。 【经典练】单句语法填空 ①It is bad manners __________(speak) with your mouth full. ② I had hoped you would behave __________ a more responsible manner. ③An important part of raising your children is teaching them good __________(manner) as it helps them be more successful in life. 知识点10 resolution n. 决心；决定；解决；决议；坚决；分辨率 【教材原句】I made a resolution to respect and protect this unique landscape while I was here. （教材p11） 【拓展】 resolve 　vt. 解决;决定,决心 resolve to do sth. 决定/决心做某事 resolve that... 决定/决心…… 【写作佳句】You should make an attempt to resolve this problem, otherwise you would regret it.你应该尝试解决一下这个问题，否则你会留有遗憾的。 【经典练】单句语法填空 ① It is still unclear as to whether he will sign this __________(resolve). ② She resolved __________report) the matter to the hospital’s nursing manager 知识点11 contrast n. 对比；差别；对照物 vt.&vi. 对比；成对照 【教材原句】　The colors of the dunes contrasted strikingly with the blue of the cloudless sky. （教材p11） 【拓展】 contrast sth with sth remark on/upon谈论；评论 contrast with 跟……对照 in contrast with/ in contrast to 和……做对比 【写作佳句】In other countries, by contrast, eye contact is not always approved of..相反，在另一些国家，眼神交流并不总是被认可。 【经典练】单句语法填空 ① he celebrity’s room is a complete contrast __________ the guest room. ② Their experiences contrasted strikingly __________those of other children.  ③ He has contrasted that approach __________ what goes on in most organizations. ④ The private sector, __________contrast, has plenty of money to spend. 知识点12 starve vi.&vt. （使）饿死，（使）挨饿 【教材原句】I was starving and rushed to put a steak on the barbecue. （教材p11） 【拓展】 starve to death 饿死 starvation n. 饥饿,饿死 starved adj. 挨饿的 be starved of 渴望/急需/缺少…… 【写作佳句】They tore into their food as if they were starving.他们狼吞虎咽地吃起饭来，好像饿坏了似的。 【经典练】单句语法填空 They learned that the frontier station was starved __________ food and water. 二、语法清单 非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句是对先行词或整个主句的补充说明，与主句之间通常用逗号隔开，由关系代词which、who、whom、whose或关系副词when、where引导。 【感知·语法规律】 1.Davis wanted to visit Dr Yuan’s new farm , where seawater rice was grown. 2.Laura couldn’t come to our party , which was a pity. 3.Bob’s father , who worked on the project, spent four years in Egypt. 【精讲·语法知识】 1. which的用法 which引导非限制性定语从句时, 先行项可以是某个单词或短语, 也可以是整个主句或主句的一部分。 She heard a terrible noise , which brought her heart into her mouth. David studies hard and is ready to help others , which is what his parents expect. 【经典练】　 用所给词的适当形式填空 ①My hometown, __________attracts tourists from across the country, looks quite different from what it was when I was a child. ②An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, __________ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. ③Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, __________she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer-term rental period. 2. whom与which的特殊用法 在非限制性定语从句中whom、which前面可以some of、many of、all of、most of等修饰词，表示整体中的部分或所有。 The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, some of which are beyond our control. John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of whom are family members. 【经典练】　 1. 用所给词的适当形式填空 ①My hobby is reading books, on __________ I spend most of my spare money. ②There are dozens of TV channels available, some of __________specialize in art and literature. 3. as与which的区别 as和which都可引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容，但有区别： as引导的从句可以位于主句前、主句中和主句后，主句没有前后逻辑关系，常表示“正如”。 which引导的定语从句只能放在主句后，主从句常有一定的因果关系或前后顺序，常表示“这一点”。 Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. As everyone knows, all that glitters is not gold. 【经典练】　 1. 用所给词的适当形式填空 ①__________ we all know, travelling can give us opportunities to broaden our horizons. ②He even told us a joke, __________made everyone laugh so much. 三、写作清单 【点拨·写作技巧】 旅行计划是应用文写作的常见话题之一，文本结构为经典的三段式； 1. 问候+感谢来信+表明写信目的 2. 具体计划 3. 总结+期待回信 【积累·写作素材】 常用句式 1. 开头常用语 （1）I am writing to share with you my [plan/experience] about ... 我写这封信是为了与你分享我关于……的[计划/经历]。 （2）I can't wait to tell you the exciting news that I have [a plan/a story] to share! 我迫不及待地想告诉你一个激动人心的消息，我有一个[计划/故事]要分享！（兴奋分享性） （3）You asked me about my [study plan/travel arrangements] last time, and now I'm writing to give you the details. 你上次问起我的[学习计划/旅行安排]，现在我写信告诉你具体细节。 （4）I’m thrilled to share my upcoming travel plan with you, since you’ve always wanted to visit this place too. 我很高兴与您分享我即将到来的旅行计划，因为您也一直想参观这个地方。 2. 主体部分常用语 （1）目的地与时间：I’ve decided to travel to [景点] with my family, and we will set off on [日期] and stay there for [数字] days. （2）行程安排：On the first day, we plan to visit [景点], where we can enjoy the beautiful natural scenery and take some photos. （3）活动与期待：Besides visiting tourist attractions, I also want to try the local snacks like [小吃名字] and talk with the local people to learn about their culture. I’m really looking forward to this experience. 3. 结尾常用语 （1）I would appreciate it if you could give me some suggestions. 如果你能给我一些建议，我将不胜感激。 （2）I hope my story/plan can inspire you as well. 希望我的故事/计划也能激励到你。 （3）Please write back and let me know what you think. 请回信告诉我你的想法。 【示例·分步写作】 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Bill来信说计划今年寒假与父母一同来中国旅行。他们对中国历史与文化有浓厚兴趣，希望你能推荐一个目的地并协助规划行程。请你用英语写一封回信，内容包括： 1. 推荐目的地； 2. 提供旅行计划。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Bill, Yours, Li Hua 第一步：审题谋篇 体裁 应用文 人称 以第一、三人称为主 时态 主要时态应用一般现在时态 框架 第一段：推荐目的地； 第二段：行程安排； 第三段：发出祝愿。 第二步：要点翻译 1.听到你寒假要和父母一起来中国游玩，我非常激动！ I’m ____________________ you’ll visit China with your parents this winter vacation! 2. 第二天，登上长城，领略壮丽景色，感受历史； ____________________, I strongly recommend Beijing — the heart of ancient and modern China. 3. 您可以花三天时间游览主要景点：第一天，漫步故宫，欣赏皇家宫殿； You can ____________________: on Day 1, wander the Forbidden City to admire imperial palaces; 4. 第二天，登上长城，领略壮丽景色，感受历史； Day 2, climb the Great Wall for ____________________; 5. 第三天，参观天坛，那里是皇帝祈求丰收的地方。 Day 3, visit the Temple of Heaven. ____________________. 6. 由于冬季寒冷，请提醒您的父母带上保暖衣物。 ____________________ so remind your parents to pack warm clothes. P4:真挚祝福 7.我希望这个计划能符合你的需求！如果你需要更多有关食品和出行方面的建议，欢迎随时咨询。 I hope ____________________! Feel free to ask____________________ 8. 祝你旅途愉快！ ____________________ a wonderful trip! 第三步：词句升级 1．用非限制性定语从句改写例句5 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．用since引导原因状语从句改写例句六 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 第四步：连句成篇 Dear Bill, __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Wish you were here 一、词汇清单 知识点1 unfold vi.&vt.开花;展开,打开;展示,展现 【教材原句】Canada is like a blooming flower, unfolding with breathtaking beauty and richness to win the heart of those who enjoy what it has to offer. （教材p2） 【拓展】 (1)fold vt.&.vi.折叠,对折n. 褶,褶痕 fold one’s arms 交叉双臂 fold sth. in half/into two 把……对折 fold sth. into sth. 把……调入;拌入 fold up 折叠,折起 【写作佳句】Curious to find out what was inside, I unfolded the tiny note and recognized my father’s writing. 想弄清楚里面是什么，我打开了那张小纸条，认出了父亲的字迹。 【经典练】单句语法填空 As the mist cleared, a beautiful view unfolded(fold) before their eyes. 知识点2 distinct adj.截然不同的,有区别的,不同种类的;清楚的,清晰的 【教材原句】It is also one of the most ethnically diverse nations in the world with distinct cultures. （教材p2） 【拓展】 be distinct from　 与……不同 distinctly adv.清晰地 distinction n.差别,区别 a distinction between...and... ……和……之间的区别 without distinction 无差别,一视同仁地 【写作佳句】 Their eyes barely move, and they always have the same distinct expression on their faces. It is as though they are asleep with their eyes open.他们的眼睛几乎不动，脸上表情疏远呆滞，好像睁着眼睛在睡觉。 【经典练】单句语法填空 ①She had the distinction(distinct) of being the first woman to swim the channel. ②The old universities are open to all, without distinction (distinct) of rank or religion. 知识点3 minority n. 少数民族,少数群体;少数,少数人 【教材原句】　The major ethnic groups, for example, include the English, Scottish and French, while the minority groups include residents from Singapore and the Pacific Islands.（教材p3） 【拓展】 be in a/the minority 占少数;成为少数派 minor adj. 较小的;次要的;轻微的 vi. 兼修 majority n. 大部分;大多数 be in a/the majority 占多数;成为多数派 major adj. 主要的;重要的 n.专业课vi 主修,专攻 major in 主修 【写作佳句】 Apart from being the kingdom of flowers, it is home to many ethnic minority groups.云南)除了是花的王国以外, 还是许多少数民族的居住地。 【经典练】单句语法填空 Most of the people turned their back to him.Only a minority(minor) of people gave him a hand. 知识点4 carve vt.侵蚀,冲刷;雕,刻;奋斗取得;把(熟肉)切成块 【教材原句】To the east of the Pacific coast rise the grand Rocky Mountains, which are home to high peaks and deep valleys carved by ice and water.（教材p3） 【拓展】 carve...from... 用……雕刻…… carve...into... 把……雕刻成…… carve out 开拓(事业);提高(地位) carve up 分割,划分 【写作佳句】Known as the Mogao Grottoes, these ancient caves were carved out of the rock over a period of 1,000 years.以“莫高窟”而闻名，这些古老的洞窟是一千多年前在岩石上雕刻而成的。 【经典练】单句语法填空 ①Wood carving(carve) began as a necessity in America and developed into an art. ②The dark days when imperialism could carve up the world at will are gone forever. ③It was common practice to carve objects from animal bones to pass the time. 知识点5 sample vt. 尝,品尝,体验;抽样检验 n. 样本,样品;取样 【教材原句】In Montreal, one of the largest French-speaking cities in the world, you can sample the food with a typical French flavor and see the original buildings in the French style of architecture. （教材p3） 【拓展】 sample sb./sth. 　 抽样调查某人/某物;品尝某物 a random sample 随机抽样 a sample survey 抽样调查 the blood sample(s) 血样 【写作佳句】The research team blamed the lab technician for mishandling the samples.研究小组指责实验室技术员错误处理了样本。 【经典练】单句语法填空 I sampled (sample)the delights of Greek cooking for the first time. 知识点6 accommodation n.住处，工作场所；住宿；膳宿；和解；调解 The prices of tourist essentials such as transport, accommodation and food usually increase too, which brings even more wealth to the surrounding community. （教材p6） 【拓展】 accommodate vt. 帮忙，给……提供方便；使……适应；向……提供住宿（或膳食、座位等）；容纳 accommodate to sth. 顺应/适应(新情况) accommodate sb./ oneself to sth. 使某人/自己适应某事 accommodate sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物 【写作佳句】Only when a package tour offers reasonable schedules and safe accommodation can it truly win the tourists’ favour. 一个团队游只有行程合理、食宿放心才能真正获得游客的青睐。 【经典练】单句语法填空 ①Some animal and plant species cannot accommodate to the rapidly changing conditions. ② He will accommodate me with the use of his house while he is abroad. ③ I realize that you don’t have to worry about food or accommodations(accommodate) because they’re all provided. 知识点7 surrounding adj. 周围的，附近的 【教材原句】　The prices of tourist essentials such as transport, accommodation and food usually increase too, which brings even more wealth to the surrounding community.（教材p6） 【拓展】 surroundings n. 环境 surround vt. 围绕，环绕 surround ... with ... 用……围绕/环绕…… be surrounded by/with ... 周围都是…… surround yourself with sb./sth. 喜欢做(某类人)，喜欢身边总有(某类东西) 【写作佳句】We tend to feel happy once our basic needs are met and we have more than the people surrounding us.一旦我们的基本需求得到满足，我们比周围的人拥有的更多，我们就会感到快乐。 【经典练】单句语法填空 ① Gwen is surrounded(surround) by books and papers. ② People are surrounding(surround) their homes with fences..  ③ Maureen loved to surround herself with art. 知识点8 sustain vt. 维持；遭受；承受住 【教材原句】As resources are used more rapidly than they can be sustained, wildlife habitats are likely to suffer, which could endanger the local plants and animals. （教材p6） 【拓展】 sustainable adj. 可持续的，合理利用的 sustainable economic growth 经济的可持续增长 sustainable development 可持续发展 【写作佳句】　In summary, being a sustainable tourist comes down torespect — for nature, culture and people.总而言之，做一名践行可持续旅游理念的游客归根结底就是要心怀尊重——对自然、文化和人的尊重。 【经典练】完成句子 ① The ice was too thin to sustain the weight (承受体重) of the goat. ② The typhoon left, and the city had sustained great damage(遭受巨大破坏). ③ The aim of the meeting was to promote sustainable development (可持续发展) in that area. 知识点9 manner n.方式，方法；举止manners 礼貌 【教材原句】　It is important to travel in an environmentally friendly manner.（教材p7） 【拓展】 in a… manner 以……方式/ 方法 a manner of (doing) sth. (做)某事的方式 manner towards 对……的态度 have good/no manners 有/没礼貌 It’s good/bad manners to do sth. 做某事是有/没有礼貌的 table manners 餐桌礼仪 【写作佳句】It is likely that you make your friends feel embarrassed if you don't know China’s table manners. 如果你不懂中国的餐桌礼仪, 你可能会使你的朋友感到尴尬。 【经典练】单句语法填空 ①It is bad manners to speak (speak) with your mouth full. ② I had hoped you would behave in a more responsible manner. ③An important part of raising your children is teaching them good manners(manner) as it helps them be more successful in life. 知识点10 resolution n. 决心；决定；解决；决议；坚决；分辨率 【教材原句】I made a resolution to respect and protect this unique landscape while I was here. （教材p11） 【拓展】 resolve 　vt. 解决;决定,决心 resolve to do sth. 决定/决心做某事 resolve that... 决定/决心…… 【写作佳句】You should make an attempt to resolve this problem, otherwise you would regret it.你应该尝试解决一下这个问题，否则你会留有遗憾的。 【经典练】单句语法填空 ① It is still unclear as to whether he will sign this resolution (resolve). ② She resolved to report(report) the matter to the hospital’s nursing manager 知识点11 contrast n. 对比；差别；对照物 vt.&vi. 对比；成对照 【教材原句】　The colors of the dunes contrasted strikingly with the blue of the cloudless sky. （教材p11） 【拓展】 contrast sth with sth remark on/upon谈论；评论 contrast with 跟……对照 in contrast with/ in contrast to 和……做对比 【写作佳句】In other countries, by contrast, eye contact is not always approved of..相反，在另一些国家，眼神交流并不总是被认可。 【经典练】单句语法填空 ① he celebrity’s room is a complete contrast to the guest room. ② Their experiences contrasted strikingly with those of other children.  ③ He has contrasted that approach with what goes on in most organizations. ④ The private sector, in contrast, has plenty of money to spend. 知识点12 starve vi.&vt. （使）饿死，（使）挨饿 【教材原句】I was starving and rushed to put a steak on the barbecue. （教材p11） 【拓展】 starve to death 饿死 starvation n. 饥饿,饿死 starved adj. 挨饿的 be starved of 渴望/急需/缺少…… 【写作佳句】They tore into their food as if they were starving.他们狼吞虎咽地吃起饭来，好像饿坏了似的。 【经典练】单句语法填空 They learned that the frontier station was starved of food and water. 二、语法清单 非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句是对先行词或整个主句的补充说明，与主句之间通常用逗号隔开，由关系代词which、who、whom、whose或关系副词when、where引导。 【感知·语法规律】 1.Davis wanted to visit Dr Yuan’s new farm , where seawater rice was grown. 2.Laura couldn’t come to our party , which was a pity. 3.Bob’s father , who worked on the project, spent four years in Egypt. 【精讲·语法知识】 1. which的用法 which引导非限制性定语从句时, 先行项可以是某个单词或短语, 也可以是整个主句或主句的一部分。 She heard a terrible noise , which brought her heart into her mouth. David studies hard and is ready to help others , which is what his parents expect. 【经典练】　 用所给词的适当形式填空 ①My hometown, which attracts tourists from across the country, looks quite different from what it was when I was a child. ②An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, which originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. ③Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, which she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer-term rental period. 2. whom与which的特殊用法 在非限制性定语从句中whom、which前面可以some of、many of、all of、most of等修饰词，表示整体中的部分或所有。 The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, some of which are beyond our control. John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of whom are family members. 【经典练】　 1. 用所给词的适当形式填空 ①My hobby is reading books, on which I spend most of my spare money. ②There are dozens of TV channels available, some of which specialize in art and literature. 3. as与which的区别 as和which都可引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容，但有区别： as引导的从句可以位于主句前、主句中和主句后，主句没有前后逻辑关系，常表示“正如”。 which引导的定语从句只能放在主句后，主从句常有一定的因果关系或前后顺序，常表示“这一点”。 Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. As everyone knows, all that glitters is not gold. 【经典练】　 1. 用所给词的适当形式填空 ①As we all know, travelling can give us opportunities to broaden our horizons. ②He even told us a joke, which made everyone laugh so much. 三、写作清单 【点拨·写作技巧】 旅行计划是应用文写作的常见话题之一，文本结构为经典的三段式； 1. 问候+感谢来信+表明写信目的 2. 具体计划 3. 总结+期待回信 【积累·写作素材】 常用句式 1. 开头常用语 （1）I am writing to share with you my [plan/experience] about ... 我写这封信是为了与你分享我关于……的[计划/经历]。 （2）I can't wait to tell you the exciting news that I have [a plan/a story] to share! 我迫不及待地想告诉你一个激动人心的消息，我有一个[计划/故事]要分享！（兴奋分享性） （3）You asked me about my [study plan/travel arrangements] last time, and now I'm writing to give you the details. 你上次问起我的[学习计划/旅行安排]，现在我写信告诉你具体细节。 （4）I’m thrilled to share my upcoming travel plan with you, since you’ve always wanted to visit this place too. 我很高兴与您分享我即将到来的旅行计划，因为您也一直想参观这个地方。 2. 主体部分常用语 （1）目的地与时间：I’ve decided to travel to [景点] with my family, and we will set off on [日期] and stay there for [数字] days. （2）行程安排：On the first day, we plan to visit [景点], where we can enjoy the beautiful natural scenery and take some photos. （3）活动与期待：Besides visiting tourist attractions, I also want to try the local snacks like [小吃名字] and talk with the local people to learn about their culture. I’m really looking forward to this experience. 3. 结尾常用语 （1）I would appreciate it if you could give me some suggestions. 如果你能给我一些建议，我将不胜感激。 （2）I hope my story/plan can inspire you as well. 希望我的故事/计划也能激励到你。 （3）Please write back and let me know what you think. 请回信告诉我你的想法。 【示例·分步写作】 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Bill来信说计划今年寒假与父母一同来中国旅行。他们对中国历史与文化有浓厚兴趣，希望你能推荐一个目的地并协助规划行程。请你用英语写一封回信，内容包括： 1. 推荐目的地； 2. 提供旅行计划。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Bill, Yours, Li Hua 第一步：审题谋篇 体裁 应用文 人称 以第一、三人称为主 时态 主要时态应用一般现在时态 框架 第一段：推荐目的地； 第二段：行程安排； 第三段：发出祝愿。 第二步：要点翻译 1.听到你寒假要和父母一起来中国游玩，我非常激动！ I’m thrilled to hear you’ll visit China with your parents this winter vacation! 2. 第二天，登上长城，领略壮丽景色， 感受历史； Given your interest in Chinese history and culture, I strongly recommend Beijing — the heart of ancient and modern China. 3. 您可以花三天时间游览主要景点：第一天，漫步故宫，欣赏皇家宫殿； You can spend three days exploring key sites: on Day 1, wander the Forbidden City to admire imperial palaces; 4. 第二天，登上长城，领略壮丽景色，感受历史； Day 2, climb the Great Wall for breathtaking views and a taste of history; 5. 第三天，参观天坛，那里是皇帝祈求丰收的地方。 Day 3, visit the Temple of Heaven. Emperors prayed for good harvests there. 6. 由于冬季寒冷，请提醒您的父母带上保暖衣物。 The winter is cold, so remind your parents to pack warm clothes. P4:真挚祝福 7.我希望这个计划能符合你的需求！如果你需要更多有关食品和出行方面的建议，欢迎随时咨询。 I hope this plan suits you! Feel free to ask if you need more tips about food or transportation. 8. 祝你旅途愉快！ Wish you a wonderful trip! 第三步：词句升级 1．用非限制性定语从句改写例句5 Day 3, visit the Temple of Heaven, where emperors prayed for good harvests. 2．用since引导原因状语从句改写例句六 Since the winter is cold, remind your parents to pack warm clothes. 第四步：连句成篇 Dear Bill, I’m thrilled to hear you’ll visit China with your parents this winter vacation! Given your interest in Chinese history and culture, I strongly recommend Beijing — the heart of ancient and modern China. You can spend three days exploring key sites: on Day 1, wander the Forbidden City to admire imperial palaces; Day 2, climb the Great Wall for breathtaking views and a taste of history; Day 3, visit the Temple of Heaven, where emperors prayed for good harvests. Since the winter is cold, remind your parents to pack warm clothes. I hope this plan suits you! Feel free to ask if you need more tips about food or transportation. Wish you a wonderful trip! Yours, Li Hua 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $