21 选择性必修第三册 Unit 1 Wish you were here（配套教参Word版）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮讲义（译林版）

该高中英语高考复习讲义围绕词汇、语法、短语、句式等核心考点，按“课标单词-核心短语-经典句式-综合应用”逻辑递进架构知识体系，通过考点梳理（如核心单词“carve”“minority”的用法归纳）、方法指导（语境练悟、链接写作）、真题训练（高考原句分析、真题再做）等环节，帮助学生构建知识网络，突破难点，体现复习的系统性和针对性。 资料采用分层练习（单词拼写、单句语法填空、话题微写作）和真题情境教学法，如讲解“should置于句首构成倒装”时，结合教材原句和语境练悟培养学生语言能力与思维品质。设置全练透与重落实模块，配合即时反馈，确保高效复习，为教师把控节奏、提升学生应考能力提供有力支持。

高考原句 句式分析 汉语试译 1．(2023·全国甲卷)The best table in this two­story colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen，where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action． 本句是一个复合句。 in this two­story colonial Thai home是介词短语充当定语，修饰 The best table; where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action是where引导的非限制性定语从句。 在这座两层殖民时期的泰国住宅中，最好的桌子靠近一扇看往厨房的窗户，在那里你可以看到Gaggan厨师和他的员工在工作。 2．(2023·全国甲卷)Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture，she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself． 本句是一个复合句。Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture是分词短语作状语；主句是she never pays someone else to do a job; she can do herself是定语从句修饰限制a job。 她擅长搭建架子和拼凑家具，她自己能做的工作，从不花钱雇别人做。 [Part 1　巧记·课标单词] 写作单词|悉其识 1．　unfold　 vi．&vt． 　　　开花；展开；展示 2．　territory　 n． (加拿大)地区；领土 3．　valley　 n． 山谷，溪谷 4．　carve　 vt． 侵蚀；雕，刻 5．　mighty　 adj． 巨大的，非凡的 6．　splendid　 adj． 壮丽的；极佳的 7．　ancestor　 n． 祖宗；原种 8．　dynamic　 adj． (事物)有活力的； 动态的；充满活力的 9．　sample　 vt． 尝，品尝 n． 样本 10．　blanket　 n． 覆盖；毛毯 11．　niece　 n． 侄女，外甥女 12．　welfare　 n． 幸福，福祉 13．　sustain　 vt． 使保持；维持 14．　manner　 n． 方式，方法；举止 15．　elegant　 adj． 漂亮雅致的，文雅的 16．　statue　 n． 雕像，雕塑 17．　furniture　 n．　　　　　家具 18．　goat　 n． 山羊 19．　contrast　 vi． 形成对比 vt． 对比，对照 20．　border　 n． 国界，边界 vi．&vt． (与……)接壤 21．　parking　 n． 停车，停车位 22．　brick　 n． 砖块；积木 23．　bunch　 n． 串，束；大量 24．　fetch　 vt． (去)拿来，(去)请求 25．　intently　 adv． 热切地，专注地 26．　hike　 n． 远足，徒步旅行 v． 去……远足 27．　awesome　 adj． 令人惊叹的；很好的 28．　liquid　 adj． 液体的，液态的 n． 液体 29．　polar　 adj． 极地的 30．　delicacy　 n． 佳肴；精美 拓展单词|通其用 1．　distinct　 adj．截然不同的→　distinction　 n．差别；区别 2．　minority　 n．少数民族；极少数→　minor　 adj．小的，不很重要的→　majority　 n．多数(反义词) 3．　depth　 n．深(度)；深处→　deep　 adj．& adv．深的(地)→　deeply　 adv．深深地→　deepen　 v．使加深；使强烈；变深；变低沉 4．　accommodation　 n．住所；住宿→　accommodate　 vt．提供住宿 5．　surround　 vt．包围；围绕→　surroundings　 n．(复数)周围的事物；环境→　surrounding　 adj．周围的 6．　harmony　 n．融洽；一致→　harmonious　 adj．融洽的 7．　consume　 vt．消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完→　consumption　 n．消费；消耗 8．　resolve　 vt．&vi．解决，决定 →　resolution　 n．决心，决定 9．　starvation　 n．挨饿；饿死→　starve　 vi．饿死 10．　muddy　 adj．泥泞的；泥土般的→　mud　 n．泥；淤泥；泥浆 11．　possess　 vt．拥有；具有；支配→　possession　 n．所有；财产→　possessions　 n．财产(复数) 阅读单词|明其义 1．urban adj．　　城市的，城镇的　 2．strait n． 　海峡，水道　 3．cuisine n． 　烹饪，风味；菜肴　 4．suburb n． 　郊区，城外　 5．botanical adj． 　植物学的　 6．church n．　　　教堂；礼拜　 7．item n． 　一件商品；项目　 8．antique n． 　文物，古董　 9．grain n． 　细粒；谷物　 10．chew v． 　咀嚼；咬住　 1．走，旅游去！ 2．旅游感受 ①destination n． 目的地 ②attraction n．景点 ③souvenir n．纪念品 ④schedule n．时刻表 ⑤accommodation n．住处；膳宿 ⑥travel n．&vi．旅行 ⑦tour n．&vi．观光旅行 ⑧sightseeing n．观光；游览 ⑨journey n．长途旅行；旅程 ①splendid adj．壮丽的，雄伟的；极佳的 ②comfortable adj．舒服的；安逸的；舒服自在的 ③cultural adj．文化的 ④fantastic adj．(口语)极好的；美妙的；很棒的 ⑤historical adj．历史的 ⑥unforgettable adj．难以忘怀的；令人难忘的 [Part 2　妙记·核心短语] 1．　apart from　 　　除了……外(还)，此外 2．　off the beaten track　 不落俗套；远离闹市，偏远 3．　come as no surprise 　 不足为奇，毫不奇怪 4．　come down to　 可归结为，可归纳为 5．　dress code　 着装规范 6．make one's way to　去，前往　 7．beat down 　(阳光)强烈照射，曝晒　 8．by means of 　用，依靠　 9．set off 　出发；动身　 10．contrast with 　与……形成对比，和……相对照　 1．come短语大全 2．“v．＋down”短语荟萃 ①come on 加油；得了吧；赶快 ②come up 被提出 ③come out 出版 ④come off 脱落 ⑤come up with 提出 ⑥come as no surprise 不足为奇 ①cut down 削减；删节 ②bring down 降低 ③slow down 慢下来 ④break down 出故障；身体累垮 ⑤turn down 拒绝；关小 ⑥beat down (阳光)强烈照射 ⑦cool down 冷静下来 [Part 3　速记·经典句式] 典型句式 教材原句 1．should置于句首，构成倒装 　Should you find yourself in one of these subcultures　 (如果你发现自己置身于其中一种亚文化中)，languages, cuisine, architecture, art and music will define your encounter． 2．动名词短语作主语 　Travelling can be a great experience　 (旅游可能是一种很好的体验) for both the tourists and the locals． 3．独立主格 There were five similar huts, 　all lined up facing　 (都排成一列面朝) Mount Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa． 4．现在分词短语作状语 We got out of the car, 　carrying our suitcases and boxes of food into the hut 　 (提着我们的手提箱和几盒食物进了小屋)． 5．It wasn't long before ＋从句　不久就…… 　It wasn't long before　 (不久) we were surrounded by enormous sand dunes towering about us on all sides． [核心单词] 1．carve v．冲刷，侵蚀；雕刻，刻 ►[教材对接] To the east of the Pacific coast rise the grand Rocky Mountains, which are home to high peaks and deep valleys carved by ice and water． 太平洋海岸向东耸立着巍峨的落基山脉，这里有高耸的山峰和被冰川与水流侵蚀而成的深谷。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①She carved 　out　 a successful career in the film industry after graduation． ②(2023·1月浙江卷) The large siheyuan of these high­ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often featured beautifully 　carved　(carve) and painted roof beams and pillars (柱子)． [考点归纳]——知识生成 (1)carve sth．on sth． 把……刻在……上 carve sth．in/into sth． 把……刻入……里 carve sth．into．．． 把……刻成…… carve out 成功获得(所有的工作、职务、生活等) (2)carving n．雕刻物；雕刻图案；雕刻工作，雕刻技巧 [链接写作]——完成句子 ③The piece of wood had been 　carved into the shape of a flower　． 这块木头已被雕成花朵状。 2．minority n．少数民族；少数 ►[教材对接] The major ethnic groups, for example, include the English, Scottish and French, while the minority groups include residents from Singapore and the Pacific Islands． 主要的族群包括英格兰人、苏格兰人和法国人，而少数族裔包括来自新加坡和太平洋岛屿的居民。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①In the past conservatives have been in 　the　 minority． ②So, it may be only 　a　 minority of young people who play classical instruments． [考点归纳]——知识生成 (1)a/the minority of ……的少数 be in the/a minority 占少数 (2)majority n．多数，多半 be in the/a majority 占多数 a/the majority of ……的大多数 [名师点津]　minority/majority作主语，强调整体时，谓语动词用单数形式；强调群体中的每一个个体时，谓语动词用复数形式。a/the minority/majority of＋n．作主语时，谓语视of后名词的单复数而定。 [链接写作]——句型转换 ③There are 50 people here．One third of them are black people． →　The minority of people　 here are black people． 3．surrounding adj． 周围的；附近的 ►[教材对接] The prices of tourist essentials such as transport, accommodation and food usually increase too, which brings even more wealth to the surrounding community． 运输、住宿和食物等旅游必需品的价格通常也会上涨，这给周边社区带来了更多的财富。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①We are surrounded 　by/with　 dangers． ②(2023·1月浙江卷)In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, 　surrounded　 (surround) in concentric (同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City． ③The children grew up in beautiful 　surroundings　 (surround)． [考点归纳]——知识生成 (1)surround vt．围绕；环绕 be surrounded by/with．．． 被……包围/围着 (2)surroundings n．周围的事物；环境 [链接写作]——完成句子 ④Once upon a time，a king who was polite to 　surrounding countries　 lived in a castle 　surrounded by　 a large forest and having wonderful surroundings． 从前，在一个绿树环绕、环境优美的城堡里住着一位国王，他对邻邦十分友好。 4．harmony n． 融洽；一致 ►[教材对接] More naturecentred tourist attractions, where man and nature live in harmony, can be greatly impacted or even destroyed by the flood of tourists． 更多以自然风光为主，人与自然和睦相处的旅游景点，会因为大量游客涌入而受到巨大影响甚至遭到破坏。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①Human beings must live 　in　 harmony with nature，otherwise they will suffer from it． ②(2023·全国甲卷)His teachings shaped the moral and ethical foundation of Chinese culture, fostering respect for authority, 　harmonious　 (harmony)relationships, and the pursuit of knowledge． [考点归纳]——知识生成 (1)in harmony with sb．/sth．与……协调；与……相配 out of harmony with sb．/sth． 与……不协调 live/work in harmony 生活/工作得很融洽 (2)harmonious adj．和谐的；协调的；和睦的 [链接写作]——完成句子 ③　Society harmony　 (社会和谐) is very important to us．Only if people 　live in harmony　 (和谐共处) with each other can we 　have a harmonious society　 (拥有一个和谐社会)． 5．possession n．私人物品，具有，拥有 ►[教材对接] I returned to the car and fetched more possessions． 我回到车里，又拿了些物品。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①We've bought the house, but we can't get 　possession　 (possess) of it before July． ②Though plain­looking, Mary is 　possessed　 (possess) of great intelligence． ③You can't take possession 　of　 this diamond necklace． It is Mary's． [考点归纳]——知识生成 (1)possess v． 拥有；具备；控制 be possessed of sth． 具有(某种品质或特征) be possessed with/by 被……控制 (2)in possession of sth． 占有(或拥有)某物 in the possession of sb． 为某人所有 take possession of 占有；拥有；占领 come into possession of 继承…… [链接写作]——句型转换 My father possesses a number of modern artworks． ④My father is 　in possession of　 a number of modern artworks． ⑤A number of modern artworks are 　in the possession of my father　． 6．starve vi．&vt．(使)挨饿，(使)饿死 ►[教材对接] I was starving and rushed to put a steak on the barbecue． 我饿极了，急忙把一块牛排放在烤肉架上。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①These people will starve 　to　 death unless they receive help soon． ②The newcomer felt lonely，and starved 　to make　 (make) new friends in the new school． [考点归纳]——知识生成 (1)starve to death 饿死 (2)starve to do 渴望做…… (3)starve for 渴望…… (4)starvation n．挨饿；饿死 [链接写作]——完成句子 ③People 　starve for success, but only a few succeed　． 人们渴望成功，但成功者不多。 [间考单词] 1．manner n．礼貌(常用复数)；举止(常用单数)；方式 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空/补全句子 ①(2023·北京卷)I think you can carry out this activity 　in　 an interactive and experiential manner，．．． ②It's bad 　manners　 (manner) to break in while others are speaking． ③(全国Ⅰ卷) The following are my suggestions on 　how to mind your table manners in China　． 下面是你在中国如何注意餐桌礼仪的一些建议。 2．contrast vi．形成对比 vt． 对比，对照 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空/补全句子 ①As a matter of fact，this text is mainly developed 　by　 contrast． ②Contrast fresh vegetables 　with　 frozen vegetables and you'll find the fresh ones taste better． ③She seems slimmer 　by contrast with her sister　． 与她姐姐相比，她似乎更苗条些。 3．accommodation n．住处，空间 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空/补全句子 ①You should soon accommodate yourself 　to　 the new circumstance． ②You may well need to look outside your preferred area to find affordable 　accommodation　 (accommodate)． ③During my oneweek stay there, he accommodated me 　with　 the use of his car． ④Cats soon accommodate themselves to 　seeing　 (see) objects in the darkness． ⑤The authority must make 　suitable accommodation　 (合适的住处) available to the family． ⑥After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to 　provide accommodations for　 (为……提供食宿) the homeless families． 1．come down to可归结为，可归纳为 ►[教材对接] In summary, being a sustainable tourist comes down to respect—for nature, culture and people． 总而言之，做一名践行可持续旅游理念的游客归根结底就是要心怀尊重——对自然、文化和人的尊重。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①No one has come up 　with　 a convincing explanation of why dinosaurs died out． ②Let us know if you come 　across　 anywhere that has something special to offer． ③(2023·全国乙卷)I often concentrate so much on what I'm doing that I may have a hard time dealing with things that come 　up　 unexpectedly． ④If the price comes 　down　 a lot, we can place an order of a large quantity． [考点归纳]——知识生成 come down (温度、价格等)降低；坍塌；(雨、雪等)落下 come across (偶然)遇见；被理解 come about 发生 come to 被想出；合计 come up with 想出 come up 上升；破土而出；发生 [链接写作]——完成句子 ⑤It 　comes down to two choices　： either you improve your work, or you leave． 归结起来有两种选择：要么改进工作，要么离开。 2．beat down(阳光)强烈照射，暴晒 ►[教材对接] The wind was blowing grains of sand from the tops of the dunes, the sun was beating down hard and bright．．． 风吹动着沙丘顶上的沙粒，阳光照耀着，猛烈而耀眼…… [语境练悟]——用down的短语填空 ①Talks with business leaders 　broke down　 last night． ②(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Bailey then 　bent down　 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line，．．． ③I wish you wouldn't 　look down on　 this kind of work． ④The district council agree with the objectors and 　turned down　 the application． [考点归纳]——知识生成 break down分解；累垮；破裂 bent down弯腰；倔身 look down on瞧不起；轻视；俯视；小看 turn down拒绝(某人或其请求、提议等)；关小、调低；(比率)减少，(水平)降低 calm down平静下来；冷静；平息 pass down使世代相传；流传；下达 [链接写作]——完成句子 ⑤Already they were sweating as 　the sun beat down upon them　． 太阳照在他们身上时，他们已经在冒汗了。 1．should置于句首，构成倒装 ►[教材对接] Should you find yourself in one of these subcultures, languages, cuisine, architecture, art and music will define your encounter． 如果你发现自己置身于其中一种亚文化中，那么(它的)语言、饮食、建筑、艺术和音乐会说明你邂逅的是何种文化。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①　Were　 I (＝If I were) in your place, I wouldn't give it up so early． ②　Had　 I (＝If I had) known, I might have joined you in the discussion． ③　Should you　 (＝If you should) be interested, I have a book on the subject you might like． [考点归纳]——知识生成 如果条件从句的谓语动词包含有were或助动词、情态动词had, should, could，有时可将连词if省去，而将条件从句的主语置于were, had, should之后，构成倒装。 [链接写作]——完成句子 ④　Had you come a few minutes earlier　，you would have seen him．(倒装) 如果你早来几分钟，你就能看见他了。 2．现在分词(短语)作状语 ►[教材对接] We got out of the car, carrying our suitcases and boxes of food into the hut． 我们走出汽车，提着手提箱和几盒食物进了小屋。 [语境练悟]——单句语法填空 ①(2023·全国甲卷)“There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co­existence with its surroundings，” her fable begins, 　borrowing　 (borrow) some familiar words from many age­old fables． ②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)　Using　(use)a global dataset of 1．9 billion records of plants，insects，birds，and animals，Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns． ③He glanced at her, 　noting　 (note) that she seemed very well． ④They reached the company out of breath，only 　to be told　 (tell) they were fired． [考点归纳]——知识生成 (1)现在分词作结果状语时常表示意料、情理之中的结果；现在分词还可作伴随、方式等状语。 (2)不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果。 [链接写作]——完成句子 ⑤(2021·江苏卷)The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s, 　allowing for a new generation of　 virtual reality． (allow) 6G的速度将超过125 GB/s，使得新一代的虚拟现实成为可能 [全练透] Ⅰ．单词拼写 1．The facts started to 　unfold　 (显露) before them． 2．The South China Sea has been part of Chinese 　territory　 (领土) since the ancient times． 3．I've offered to paint the kitchen in exchange for a week's 　accommodation　 (食宿)． 4．He is bound up in his work which is bound up with the 　welfare　 (福利) of the community． 5．The 　statue　(塑像)is a lasting reminder of Churchill's greatness． 6．This painting is 　splendid　(壮丽的)，but what we actually need is a different matter． 7．They had not been exposed to most diseases common to 　urban　 (城市的) populations． 8．For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their 　ancestors　 (祖先)． 9．The Greeks think that their 　cuisine　 (菜肴) is perfectly balanced and suitable for anyone． 10．There are many 　dynamic　 (精力充沛的) and ambitious people． Ⅱ．单句语法填空 1．The nation wants peace and only a minority 　wants　 (want) the war to continue． 2．We are looking forward to building a better society in harmony 　with　 nature． 3．The smaller lake ranges from five to fourteen feet in 　depth　 (deep)． 4．She carved pieces of wood 　into　 fantastical shapes． 5．A large variety of languages 　exist　 (exist) in the world． 6．I can't see any 　distinction　 (distinct) between these two cases． 7．I am not very familiar with 　botanical　(botany) names． 8．The 　surrounding　 (surround) villages have been absorbed by the growing city． 9．　Given　 (give) more attention, the trees could have grown better． 10．You'd better not walk into the room with 　muddy　(mud) boots on your feet． Ⅲ．选词填空 bring about, come as no surprise，off the beaten track, participate in，by means of, be home to, be exposed to, beat down, apart from, make up 1．By now, it should 　come as no surprise　 when scientists discover yet another case of experience changing the brain． 2．Terry can't 　participate in　 the match because he has hurt his foot． 3．Modern science has given clear evidence that smoking can 　bring about　 many diseases． 4．The sun 　beat down　 mercilessly on the dry earth． 5．More and more people tend to communicate with each other 　by means of　 the Internet． 6．She didn't want to go to the party，so she 　made up　 an excuse． 7．We all know that Sichuan 　is home to　 giant pandas． 8．Children in the United States 　are exposed to　 many influences other than that of their families． 9．　Apart from　 being too large，the trousers don't suit me． 10．The workers went 　off the beaten track　 and designed a new­type machine． Ⅳ．完成句子 1．尽管这些植物看起来很相似，实际上却属于不同的种类。(distinct) Although they look similar, these plants 　are actually quite distinct from each other　． 2．英国只有少数家庭没有汽车。 　Only a minority of British households　 do not have a car． 3．没有多久那个国家的人民就起义了。 　It wasn't long before　 the people in that country rose up． 4．那些孩子们跑出房间，愉快地说着、笑着。 The children ran out of the room, 　laughing and talking merrily　． 5．正是因为她病了，她昨天才没去上学。(强调句型) 　It was because she was ill that　 she didn't go to school yesterday． [重落实] Ⅰ．单元巩固练 短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请按要求补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法。 Not only 1．　is　 (be) Canada a broad and beautiful country stretching from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean，it is also one of the most ethnically diverse nations in the world with distinct cultures． There is great 2．　diversity　 (diverse) in geography in Canada． To the east of the Pacific coast rise the grand Rocky Mountains, 3．　which　 are home to high peaks and deep valleys． One truly unique scenic spot in Canada is the mighty Niagara Falls with water 4．　rushing　 (rush) over its edge． Besides its geographical diversity, Canada's many rural areas and urban centers reflect the diversity of 5．　its　 (it) residents． It is thought 6．　that　 some of Canada's earliest settlers crossed the Bering Strait by means of a land bridge． The first Europeans also started 7．　to settle/settling　 (settle) in some of the eastern provinces centuries ago． About one out of five people in Canada's population is foreignborn．Therefore, this ethnic variety brings about cultural diversity． You can participate 8．　in　 the celebrations of the Chinese New Year, or you may take tea in the Dr Sun Yat­Sen Classical Chinese Garden in Vancouver． As you are 9．　exposed　 (expose) to diverse cultures, you may feel transported through time and space． From the towering mountain peaks to the depths of the forests to the urban centers, Canada's geographical 10．　wonders　 (wonder), ethnic groups and their cultures make it a unique place to live and visit． Ⅱ．话题微写作(感谢信) 假定你是李华，最近你因在学业上遇到了困难而十分沮丧，你的英国朋友Edward推荐你读一些科学家的励志故事。阅读之后，你收获颇丰，打算写一封信给他，内容包括： 1．表示感谢； 2．分享收获。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．尽量使用本单元知识点； 3．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Dear Edward， ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Best regards， Li Hua [参考范文] 　Dear Edward，　 I hope this letter finds you well．I want to convey my gratitude for recommending that I read some illuminating stories of scientists．Your suggestion came at a time when I was facing academic challenges and feeling quite disheartened． Learning about the struggles and breakthroughs of contemporary scientists has offered a fresh perspective on overcoming obstacles．It reminds me that setbacks are often part of the journey toward success．The resilience and passion displayed by these scientists have inspired me to take on challenges and regard them as chances for growth． I truly appreciate your considerate recommendation，and I beliave this experience will have apositive impact on my study．Thank you for being a supportive friend． 　Best regards，　 　Li Hua　 Ⅲ．读后续写微技能(21)——动作描写“手(hand)” ●[多样表达] 1．hold one's hand抓住某人的手 2．cup．．．in one's hands将……捧在手心 3．hand in hand牵手 4．hold out one's hand伸出手 5．spread one's hands摊开双手 6．raise/put up one's hand举手 7．wave one's arm挥舞手臂 8．hold sb．in a tender embrace温柔地抱着某人 9．smash the door open with a rock用石头砸开门 10．put one's arms around sb．伸出双臂搂着某人 11．shake hands with与……握手 12．open one's hands张开双手 13．take one's hand牵某人的手 14．hold hands牵手 15．point at用手指 16．pat sb．on the shoulder拍某人肩膀 17．take sb．in one's arms把某人搂进怀里 18．hand down to往下传，传给(后代) ●[佳句观摩] 1．她笑着伸出一只手表示欢迎。 She smiled and held out/reached out a hand in welcome． 2．她一边颤抖，一边使劲搓着双手。 She shivered，rubbing her hands together fiercely． 3．她的手颤抖着把玻璃杯送到唇边。 Her hands shook/trembled as she lifted the glass to her lips． 4．她举起一根手指放到唇边，要求安静。 She raised/held up a finger to her lips to ask for silence． ●[好句仿写] 1．我想都没想下了车，举起手不让卡车司机往前走。 Without thinking I got out of my car，　held my hand up　 so the truck driver wouldn't move forward． 2．我俯下身，尽可能轻柔地将蝴蝶捧在手心。 I reached down and 　cupped the butterfly in my hands　 as gently as I could． 3．我托起它的腿。忽然间，它自由了。我张开双手，它朝明亮的太阳飞去。 I lifted its legs up and suddenly it was free．I 　opened my hands and it flew towards　 the shining sun． [培优1]　单元知识链高考 一、熟词生义 1．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread．　n．洗涤槽，水槽　 2．If the pump develops a fault，the electrical supply is immediately cut off．　n．故障　 3．He hit the safety fence after a local rider inside him drifted wide．　n．护栏　 二、一词多义——根据语境选出sink的含义 A．淹没　B．下落　 C．倒下；坐下　 D．洗涤槽 1．As the sun sinks behind the mountain, it looks like a great fiery ball． 　 B 　 2．She sank back into her seat, exhausted．　 C 　 3．The depths have covered them: they sank into the bottom as a stone．　 A 　 [培优2]　高考语篇培素养——Topic：良好的人际关系与社会交往 ◆真题文本 ◆真题再做 　　(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids． And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low­income schools． The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles． Jaramillo's students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores． “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks，” she says． “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful．” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new． Urban Sprouts' classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands­on experiments such as soil testing, flower­and­seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden． Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools． Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes． “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they're eating differently，” Jaramillo says． She adds that the program's benefits go beyond nutrition． Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens． Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo's special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues． “They get outside，” she says, “and they feel successful．” 1．What do we know about Abby Jaramillo? A．She used to be a health worker． B．She grew up in a low­income family． C．She owns a fast food restaurant． D．She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts． 2．What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program? A．The kids' parents distrusted her． B．Students had little time for her classes． C．Some kids disliked garden work． D．There was no space for school gardens． 3．Which of the following best describes the impact of the program? A．Far­reaching．　B．Predictable． C．Short­lived． D．Unidentifiable． 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Rescuing School Gardens B．Experiencing Country Life C．Growing Vegetable Lovers D．Changing Local Landscape [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力、环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生体验乡村生活，对学生影响深远。 1．D　[细节理解题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low­income schools．(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了‘Urban Sprouts’学校花园项目。)”可知，艾比·哈拉米洛是Urban Sprouts的创始人。] 2．C　[推理判断题。根据第二段的 “‘They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful．’ Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new．(‘他们来找我们，认为蔬菜很可怕，泥土很可怕，昆虫也很可怕。’虽然有些人一开始害怕昆虫，对泥土感到厌烦，但大多数人都渴望尝试新的东西。)”可知，项目之初，一些学生不喜欢园艺工作。] 3．A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段“She adds that the program's benefits go beyond nutrition． Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens． Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo's special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues．‘They get outside，’ she says, ‘and they feel successful．’(她补充说，该计划的好处不仅仅是提供有营养的食物。有些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，他们把种子带回家开始种植自己的菜园。此外，在花园里工作似乎对Jaramillo的特殊教育学生有镇静作用，他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。‘他们走了出去，’她说，‘他们觉得自己很成功。’)”可知，这个项目不仅给学生提供了有营养的食物，而且许多学生回家开创了自己的菜园，对有情绪控制问题的学生也起到了镇静作用，从而推知，该项目的影响是深远的。] 4．C　[主旨大意题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low­income schools． The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles．(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了‘Urban Sprouts’学校花园项目。该项目带领学生们种植蔬菜，很多学生开始对园艺感兴趣，成为蔬菜种植爱好者。)”C项“蔬菜种植爱好者”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。] ◆素材积累 (一)由文本积累主题词块 1．harvest cabbage　收获卷心菜　 2．a school garden program　学校花园项目　 3．bags of snacks 　成袋的小吃　 4．science skills　科学技能　 5．as a result of　由于　 6．go beyond nutrition　超越营养　 7．be scared of　害怕　 8．have a calming effect on　对……有镇静作用　 (二)由文本积累阅读词汇 1．weed n．　野草， 杂草　 2．tough adj．　艰苦的　 3．outnumber v．　(在数量上)压倒，比……多　 4．awareness n．　意识　 5．literally adv．　实在地，简直　 6．awful adj．　可怕的　 7．benefit n． 　益处，好处　 8．emotional adj．　情感的　 (三)由文本辨析熟词生义(将词义对应的字母填到横线上) 1．develop A．发展　　B．发育　　 C．开发　　D．冲洗(照片) ①Plants develop from seeds, but many animals developed from eggs．　 B 　 ②How long will it take to develop these pictures？　 D 　 2．produce A．农产品　　B．生产　　C．录制　　D．使延长 ①It is certain that we shall produce this kind of engine．　 B 　 ②The produce was labelled ‘Made in China’．　 A 　 ◆长句缩写 1．Jaramillo's students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores． [句式剖析]　请将句中的“枝叶”(名词短语、介词短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从句)去掉，留下“主干”(主谓宾或主系表)。 (Jaramillo's)students live in neighborhoods[where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores]． [句子缩写]　　Students live in neighborhoods．　(不超过10个单词) 2．Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo's special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues． [句式剖析]　请将句中的“枝叶”(名词短语、介词短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从句)去掉，留下“主干”(主谓宾或主系表)。 (Besides), working(in the garden) seems to havea (calming)effect on(Jaramillo's special education) students, [many of whom have (emotional control) issues]． [句子缩写]　　Working seems to have an effect on students．　(不超过10个单词) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $