Unit 1 Wish you were here 非限制性定语从句（单元核心语法精练）英语译林版选择性必修第三册

Unit 1 Wish you were here 核心语法精练（非限制性定语从句） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、单句语法填空（词汇句式全考查） 2 二、用非限制性定语从句合并句子 7 三、用非限制性定语从句完成句子 9 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型 语篇语法填空（模考真题） 11 （一）非限制性定语从句基本概念 核心要点 具体内容 例句 定义 对先行词进行补充说明，去掉后不影响主句意思完整，与主句之间用逗号隔开。 Tom, who is my deskmate, won the English competition. 先行词 可指人、事物、时间、地点、原因等，还可指代整个主句内容。 She bought a new phone, which cost her 5,000 yuan. He passed the exam, which surprised all of us. 与限制性定语从句的区别 1. 标点：非限制性定语从句用逗号与主句隔开；限制性定语从句无逗号。 2. 含义：非限制性定语从句是补充说明；限制性定语从句是限定修饰。 3. 关系词：非限制性定语从句中不能用 that，不能省略关系词。 限制性：The girl who wears a red dress is my sister. 非限制性：The girl, who wears a red dress, is my sister. （二）非限制性定语从句关系词用法 特殊情况 具体规则 例句 指代整个主句 常用which 或 as，which引导的从句不能置于句首，as 可以。 As is reported, the project will be completed next year. He succeeded in the end, which made us very happy. 介词 + 关系词 介词后只能用whom（指人）、which（指物），不能用 who 或 that。 The man, with whom my father works, is a professor. The house, in which he lived for 20 years, was pulled down. 关系词不可省略 非限制性定语从句的关系词即使在从句中作宾语也不能省略。 She introduced me to her friend, whom I had heard of before. 不能用 that 的情况 非限制性定语从句中无论指代人还是物，都不能用 that。 错误：The girl, that is standing there, is my cousin.正确：The girl, who is standing there, is my cousin. 一、单句语法填空（非限制性定语从句全考查） 1． the chart indicates, the sales increased by 30% this quarter.‌‌ 【答案】As 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如图表所显示的，本季度销售额增长了30%。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少宾语，所以使用关系代词，结合句意，先行词为主句的内容，且该空表示“正如”，所以此处使用关系代词as，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填 As。 2．Besides, we wrapped dumplings with the elderly together for lunch, during we chatted with the elderly. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：此外，我们和老人一起包饺子吃午饭，期间我们和老人聊天。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句内容，作介词during的宾语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 3．We will go to the hospital to see the patients, most of are children. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们将去医院看望病人，他们中的大多数是孩子。“most of ________ are children”是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词patients，指人，关系词将其代入从句中作of的宾语，用关系代词whom引导从句。故填whom。 4．The other was the Big Bang Theory, holds that the universe began at a single point in time and space. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：另一种理论是“大爆炸理论”，该理论认为宇宙始于一个特定的时间和空间点。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Big Bang Theory，且在从句作主语，指物，用which引导该从句。故填which。 5．For young people, they can feel a sense of belonging and gain encouragement, is beneficial to their mental health. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：对于年轻人来说，他们可以感受到归属感并获得鼓励，这对他们的心理健康有益。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 6．The company is striving to create a work environment, employees feel genuinely empowered to share their innovative ideas without fear of judgment or failure. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：该公司正努力打造一种工作环境，在这种环境中，员工能真正感受到自主权，敢于分享创新想法，而不必担心受到评判或因失败受责。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a work environment，且在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。 7．Last week I went to Shenzhen, is the engine of China’s economic development. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：上周我去了深圳，这里是中国经济发展的引擎。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Shenzhen，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。 8． you can imagine, the skies over the city get pretty busy. 【答案】As 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：正如你所能想象的，这座城市上空变得十分繁忙。空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词指代后文整个主句内容，在从句中作imagine 的宾语，表示“正如”应用关系代词as，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填 As。 9．The desert appeared completely empty, was calming and threatening at the same time. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：沙漠似乎完全空旷，既令人平静，同时又充满威胁。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为逗号前面的主句，指代一件事情，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which来引导。故填which。 10．He came to public attention during the 1960 Rome Olympics, he won the light heavyweight gold medal for the USA, demonstrating great talent and personality in the process. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他在1960年罗马奥运会期间受到公众关注，当时他为美国赢得了轻重量级金牌，过程中展现出卓越的天赋和个性。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为“the 1960 Rome Olympics”，表时间，从句中缺少时间状语，需用关系副词when引导。故填when。 11．Have you read the book War and Peace, writer is world-famous? (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你读过《战争与和平》这本书吗？这本书的作者可是世界知名的作家啊。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the book War and Peace，在从句作定语，故填whose。 12．John invited 40 people to his wedding, most of are family members. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：约翰邀请了40人参加他的婚礼，其中大部分是家庭成员。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为“40 people”，指人，关系代词在从句中作介词“of”的宾语，需用“whom”。故填whom。 13．He is a good student, is known to all. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他是个好学生，这一点众所周知。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指代前文的事实，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 14．The famous scientist, we all admire, gave us a wonderful speech yesterday. 【答案】who/whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那位我们都崇拜的著名科学家昨天给我们作了一次精彩的演讲。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词scientist指人，从句缺少宾语，应用关系代词who/whom引导从句。故填who/whom。 15．My sister passed the driving test, really made our parents happy. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我的妹妹通过了驾驶考试，这件事让我们的父母很开心。此处考查非限定性定语从句，先行词为整个主句，从句中缺少主语，用关系代词which。故填which。 16．Nowadays many people have opened their TikTok accounts, they share their ideas and feelings with us. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：如今，许多人都开设了自己的抖音账户，在那里他们与我们分享他们的想法和感受。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是TikTok accounts，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where作引导词。故填where。 17． is mentioned earlier, the expert group has already been formed to investigate the issue. 【答案】As 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如之前所提到的，专家组已经成立以调查该问题。此处为as引导的非限制性定语从句，as指代整个主句内容，可译为“正如、正像”，且置于句首，首字母需大写。故填As。 18．Our special thanks go to thousands of volunteers, without tireless work, none of these achievements would be possible. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查关系代词。句意：我们要特别感谢成千上万的志愿者，没有他们不知疲倦的付出，这些成就都不可能实现。此处为“介词（without）+ 关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句。先行词是“thousands of volunteers”，指人，与从句中的“tireless work”为所属关系，即“志愿者们的不知疲倦的工作”，应用关系代词whose作定语，指代先行词的所有格。故填whose。 19．In the evening we went to a party and I met Diana's friends, many of are connected with the movie industry. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：晚上我们去参加了一个派对，我见到了戴安娜的朋友们，其中许多人都与电影行业有关联。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Diana's friends（指人），关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，需用关系代词 whom，故填whom。 20．Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of recovered. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：后来，这种药物在疟疾患者身上进行了测试，他们中的大多数人都康复了。“most of _____ recovered”是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词malaria patients，指人，关系词将其代入从句中作宾语，应用关系代词whom引导从句。故填whom。 21．The ancient city, history dates back to the Tang Dynasty, attracts thousands of tourists every year. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这座古城的历史可以追溯到唐朝，每年吸引成千上万的游客。The ancient city attracts thousands of tourists every year是主句，此空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词The ancient city与history表所属关系，即“这座古城的历史”，应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 22．She has written three novels, the last of has been translated into five languages. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她写了三部小说，其中最后一部已被翻译成五种语言。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词three novels作补充说明，先行词指物，作介词of的宾语，因此应用关系代词which。故填which。 23．He has a collection of vintage watches, most of were made in Switzerland in the 1960s. 【答案】which 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句引导词。句意：他收藏了一批古董手表，其中大部分是20世纪60年代在瑞士制造的。根据先行词vintage watches以及逗号可知，“most of ____ were made in Switzerland in the 1960s”是非限制性定语从句，且most of后需接关系代词。先行词指物，此空应用which，构成“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句。故填which。 24． is often the case, the weather in spring is quite changeable. 【答案】As 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如通常情况那样，春天的天气变化无常。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处表示“常有的事”，用固定结构as is often the case，此处as引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中做主语，表示“正如……；就像……”，代指逗号后面整个句子，且单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填As。 25．The research involved several experiments, made it difficult to combine the results. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这项研究涉及几个实验，这使得将结果结合起来很困难。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 26．Indeed, his slim strong body is just like of millions of Chinese farmers, whom he had devoted his life. 【答案】 but that to 【详解】考查连词、代词和介词。句意：事实上，他瘦削但强壮的身体，就像数百万中国农民的身体一样，他为这些农民奉献了一生。第一空，slim（瘦削的）和 strong（强壮的）为转折关系，需用连词 but 连接，表“转折”含义；第二空，指代前文提到的“body”，为避免重复，用代词that指代同名异物的可数名词单数；第三空，devote one's life to sb. 是固定搭配，意为“为某人奉献一生”，此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，介词to提前，故填 but；that；to。 27．Grandma has been complaining about the vegetables sold in the supermarket, have been grown using chemical fertilisers. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：奶奶一直抱怨超市里出售的蔬菜是用化学肥料种植出来的。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词vegetables，在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which。故填which。 28．Most great scientists have the ability to see the world in ways other people do not. 【答案】that/in which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：大多数伟大的科学家都有以别人没有的方式看待世界的能力。空处引导定语从句，当先行词是way“方式”，且从句缺少方式状语时，用that/in which引导从句。故填that/in which。 29．This applied science, saves work and makes life easier, brings us little happiness. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这种应用科学既能节省劳力又能使生活更轻松，但却没有给我们带来多少快乐。“____ saves work and makes life easier”为非限制性定语从句，先行词是This applied science，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 30．Have you been to the Louvre Museum, you can see the Mona Lisa on display? 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你去过卢浮宫博物馆吗？在那里你能看到《蒙娜丽莎》这幅画展出。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Louvre Museum，在从句中作地点状语，用where引导。故填where。 二、用非限制性定语从句合并句子 1．Afterwards, Einstein had to flee Germany. Hitler was in power there. 【答案】Afterwards, Einstein had to flee Germany, where Hitler was in power. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：后来，爱因斯坦不得不逃离德国。希特勒在那里掌权。合并为一个含非限制性定语从句的句子，先行词是Germany，地点名词，关系词在从句作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导，非限制性定语从句前需加逗号。故答案为Afterwards, Einstein had to flee Germany, where Hitler was in power. 2．Tu Youyou went to Hainan to study malaria patients. Malaria was more common there. 【答案】Tu Youyou went to Hainan to study malaria patients, where malaria was more common./Tu Youyou went to Hainan to study malaria patients, in which malaria was more common./Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients./Tu Youyou went to Hainan, in which malaria was more common, to study malaria patients. 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：屠呦呦去海南研究疟疾患者，那里疟疾更为常见。“Malaria was more common there.”中的there指代上一句中Hainan，对海南进行补充说明，可改为非限制性定语从句，先行词为Hainan，关系词指代先行词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导，表示“在海南”，也可用in which引导，which指代Hainan，作介词in宾语，此定语从句为where/in which malaria was more common，可以置于主句Tu Youyou went to Hainan to study malaria patients句末，用逗号隔开，也可放在主句中Hainan与to study之间，从句前后加上逗号。故答案为Tu Youyou went to Hainan to study malaria patients, where/in which malaria was more common. /Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where/in which malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.。 3．I walked through the doors into the waiting area. And there’s a familiar atmosphere of boredom and tension in the waiting area. 【答案】I walked through the doors into the waiting area, where there’s a familiar atmosphere of boredom and tension. 【详解】考查句型转换。句意：我穿过门走进等候区，在等候区有一种熟悉的无聊和紧张的氛围。根据要求以及the waiting area复现可知，此处应用where引导非限制性定语从句，起到补充、解释的作用。where修饰先行词the waiting area，在从句中作地点状语。故答案为I walked through the doors into the waiting area, where there’s a familiar atmosphere of boredom and tension. 4．Last summer we visited Paris. It is known as the City of Light. 【答案】Last summer we visited Paris, which is known as the City of Light. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：去年夏天，我们参观了巴黎。它被称为“光之城”。第二个分句中的it指第一分句中的Paris，因此将Paris作为先行词；在非限制性定语从句“is known as the City of Light”中关系词作主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故改写为：Last summer we visited Paris, which is known as the City of Light. 5．The teaching building is very magnificent. A big statue of Confucius stands in front of the teaching building. 【答案】The teaching building, in front of which stands a big statue of Confucius, is very magnificent. 【详解】考查定语从句和完全倒装。句意：教学楼非常宏伟。一座巨大的孔子雕像矗立在教学楼前面。要将两个句子合并为一个非限制性定语从句，原句中“A big statue of Confucius stands in front of the teaching building”描述的是教学楼前面的情景，可以将这部分转化为非限制性定语从句，修饰主句主语“The teaching building”，即先行词。原句中“the teaching building”作介词短语“in front of”的宾语，改为定语从句后，保持结构不变，即in front of which，其中关系代词which指代先行词“The teaching building”，仍然在从句中作宾语；在定语从句中，为了使句子更加紧凑和连贯，可将表示方位的介词短语“in front of which”置于句首，同时引起从句中完全倒装，即谓语动词“stands”放到主语“a big statue of Confucius”前面，即stands a big statue of Confucius。故填The teaching building, in front of which stands a big statue of Confucius, is very magnificent。 6．Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize. It is considered one of the highest international honours a person can receive. 【答案】Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, which is considered one of the highest international honours a person can receive. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：屠呦呦被授予诺贝尔奖。它被认为是一个人可以获得的最高国际荣誉之一。改为非限制性定语从句时，用the Nobel Prize作先行词，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导定语从句，因此句子改写为“Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, which is considered one of the highest international honours a person can receive”。故答案为Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, which is considered one of the highest international honours a person can receive. 7．Dr Zhong Nanshan is my own personal hero. His great contributions to health care saved countless lives. 【答案】Dr Zhong Nanshan, whose great contributions to health care have saved countless lives, is my own personal hero. 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：钟南山博士是我心目中的英雄。他对医疗保健的巨大贡献挽救了无数人的生命。合并为定语从句时，用Dr Zhong Nanshan作先行词，great contributions和Dr Zhong Nanshan之间是所属关系，因此用whose引导定语从句，引导词在从句中作定语，句子改写为“Dr Zhong Nanshan, whose great contributions to health care have saved countless lives, is my own personal hero.”。故答案为Dr Zhong Nanshan, whose great contributions to health care have saved countless lives, is my own personal hero. 8．She is my mother. She works as a cashier at a neighbourhood supermarket. 【答案】She is my mother, who works as a cashier at a neighbourhood supermarket. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她是我的妈妈。她在附近一家超市当收银员。合并为定语从句时，用my mother作先行词，用关系代词who引导定语从句，因此句子改写为“She is my mother, who works as a cashier at a neighbourhood supermarket”。故答案为She is my mother, who works as a cashier at a neighbourhood supermarket. 9．I have been to the Louvre Museum. I saw the Mona Lisa on display there. 【答案】I have been to the Louvre Museum, where I saw the Mona Lisa on display. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我去过卢浮宫博物馆。我在那里看到了展出的《蒙娜丽莎》。结合题目要求句型转换，结合所给的两个句子中指代同一事物的部分为the Louvre Museum和there，将the Louvre Museum作为先行词，为表示地点的名词，用关系副词where来引导非限制性定语从句，主从句之间需用逗号隔开，且where在从句中作地点状语。故改为I have been to the Louvre Museum, where I saw the Mona Lisa on display. 10．The new policy will be implemented next month. The aim of the policy is to reduce carbon emissions. 【答案】The new policy, the aim of which is to reduce carbon emissions, will be implemented next month. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：政策将于下月实施，其目的是减少碳排放。先行词为“The new policy”，指物，第二个句子为定语从句，先行词在定语从句中作aim的定语，所以关系代词为 the aim of which（相当于 whose aim），其它成分依次写下。故填The new policy, the aim of which is to reduce carbon emissions, will be implemented next month. 三、用非限制性定语从句完成句子 1．也许我最需要感谢的是我的同桌，他总是帮助我。 Perhaps the person I need to appreciate most is . 【答案】my deskmate, who always helps me 【详解】考查定语从句。根据中文提示“我的同桌，他总是帮助我”可知，此处需补充my deskmate, who always helps me，其中my deskmate作表语，who always helps me是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词my deskmate(指人)，关系代词who在从句中作主语，描述常态，从句谓语用一般现在时helps。故填my deskmate, who always helps me. 2．我们盼望的假期就要来了。 The holiday, we’re looking forward to is drawing near. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。根据句意可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为The holiday，指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用which来引导。故填which。 3．It is vital to learn to use these software programs, all can help you with collection and evaluation. 学会使用这些软件程序至关重要，它们都能在资料收集和评估方面提供帮助。 【答案】 of which 【详解】考查介词+关系代词。all of + 名词 / 代词 ，表示 “…… 中的全部”。先行词为these software programs，作of的宾语，关系代词为which。故填of which。 4．我们班有45名学生，其中只有10人在上一门选修艺术课。 There are 45 students in our class, out only 10 are taking an optional art course. 【答案】 of whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们班有45名学生，其中只有10人在上一门选修艺术课。“out ________ ________ only 10 are taking an optional art course”是定语从句，修饰先行词45 students，表示“其中”用介词短语out of，关系词将先行词代入从句中作宾语，指人，用关系代词whom引导从句。故填of；whom。 5．我们无法解释，为什么这么多人支持这项草案。 We could not give the reason, so many people were in favour of the draft. 【答案】 for which 【详解】考查定语从句。根据句意，此处需用非限制性定语从句补充说明“无法解释”的具体内容，先行词为“the reason”，且从句中不缺主干成分，在非限制性定语从句中，指代“原因”并作原因状语时，需用“for which”引导，相当于“why”。故填①for②which 。 6．There are 50 students in our class, are taking an optional art course. 我们班有50个学生，其中有一半学生上艺术选修课。 【答案】half of whom 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。根据句意，此处需表达“其中有一半学生”，结合非限制性定语从句要求，先行词为“50 students”，指人，关系代词用“whom”。“一半”译为“half”，构成“half of whom”，在从句中作主语，符合语法规则和语义。故填 half of whom。 7． 如果时间允许的话，你可以向医生求助，从他们那儿你能得到更专业的帮助。 If time permits, you can turn to doctors for help, you can get professional help. 【答案】 from whom 【详解】考查定语从句。非限制性定语从句中，先行词是doctors，表示“从医生那里”需用介词 from，指人且作介词宾语，关系代词用whom，故填from whom。 8．那座古老的城堡，关于它流传着许多故事，每年都吸引着成千上万好奇的游客。 The old castle, many stories have been told, attracts thousands of curious tourists every year. 【答案】 about which 【详解】考查定语从句。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词castle，表示“告知”短语为tell about，作介词的宾语，指物，故用which。故填about which。 9．我一直戴着的健康监测仪，帮助我进入了人生的最佳状态。 My health monitor, all the time, has helped me get into the best shape of my life. 【答案】 which I wear 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句、时态。表示“我一直戴着的”用非限制性定语从句，从句中：表示“我”用I，作从句主语；表示“佩戴”用wear，根据all the time可知，从句描述经常或习惯性动作，时态为一般现在时，谓语用动词原形wear，先行词是my health monitor，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作wear的宾语，用关系代词which引导。故填which I wear。 10．积极的反馈能建立自信，而这反过来会激励个人接受更大的挑战。 Positive feedback builds confidence, motivates individuals to take on greater challenges. 【答案】which in turn 【详解】考查定语从句和介词短语。根据句意，空处在句中作主语，指代句子“Positive feedback can build confidence, and this in turn will motivate individuals to take on greater challenges.”，故“而这反过来会激励个人接受更大的挑战。”可用关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句表达；介词短语in turn表示“反过来”，作状语修饰动词motivates，故从句译为which in turn motivates individuals to take on greater challenges。故填which in turn。 语篇语法填空（模考真题） A （25-26高二·全国·课后作业）A girl who has a gift for drawing I went to an exhibition last month, 1 I admired a lot of wonderful paintings. Mary, 2 drawings were shown at the exhibition, is a model student 3 is often praised for her good work at school. As soon as we got into the exhibition hall 4 the paintings were on show, our eyes were caught by a very large picture 5 was hung on the wall in front of us. The horse 6 was drawn in the picture was exactly like a real horse. The man 7 was riding on it looked like a living man. It was the best picture 8 I had ever seen, and I should say Mary is the best young painter 9 I have ever heard of. However, you will be quite mistaken if you think that Mary was born a good painter. One of her teachers told me that it had taken Mary thousands of hours to learn and practise drawing before she became the best young painter 10 has ever been heard of in her hometown. But if you say that she has learned to be so good at drawing only by working hard at it, I will certainly agree with you. 【答案】 1．where 2．whose 3．who/that 4．where 5．that/ which 6．that/ which 7．who/that 8．that 9．that 10．that 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者去看画展的一次经历。 1．考查非限制性定语从句关系副词。句意：上个月我去了一个展览会，在那里我欣赏了很多很棒的画。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为an exhibition，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语，意为“在那里”。故填where。 2．考查非限制性定语从句关系代词。句意：玛丽的画作在展览会上展出，她是一个模范学生，经常因为她在学校的出色表现而受到表扬。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Mary，关系代词whose在从句中作定语，表示所有关系。故填whose。 3．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：同2题。先行词为a model student，关系代词who/that在从句中作主语，指人。故填who/that。 4．考查定语从句关系副词。句意：当我们进入展览大厅的时候，我们的眼睛被挂在我们面前墙上的巨幅画吸引住了。先行词为the exhibition hall，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。故填where。 5．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：同4句。先行词为picture，关系代词that/ which在从句中作主语，指物。故填that/ which。 6．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：画中的马和真正的马一模一样。先行词为The horse，关系代词that/ which在从句中作主语，指物。故填that/ which。 7．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：骑在上面的人看起来像个活人。先行词为The man，关系代词who/that在从句中作主语，指人。故填who/that。 8．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：这是我见过的最好的画，我应该说 Mary 是我听说过的最好的年轻画家。先行词为the best picture，关系代词that在从句中作宾语，指物，因为先行词由最高级修饰，所以只能用that不用 which。故填that。 9．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：同8题。先行词为the best young painter，关系代词that在从句中作宾语，指人，因为先行词由最高级修饰，所以只能用that不用who。故填that。 10．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：她的一个老师告诉我，玛丽花了几千个小时学习和练习绘画，才成为她家乡听说过的最好的年轻画家。先行词为the best young painter，关系代词that在从句中作主语，指人，因为先行词由最高级修饰，所以只能用that不用who。故填that。 【点睛】学习定语从句除了掌握定语从句的基本规则以外，多记忆一些典型例句，做到语法句中学。例如：This is the school （that/which）I visited last year. 这是我去年参观的学校。This is the school where I studied last year.这是我去年在那里学习的学校。I will never forget the day(that/which) I spent in Beijing.我永远忘不掉我在北京度过的那天。I will never forget the day when I stayed in Beijing. 我永远忘不掉我在北京逗留的那天。I know a girl who is called Mary./I know a girl whose name is Mary.我认识个女孩名叫Mary。 B （25-26高二全国·单元测试） Language is sometimes written as a code so that people can communicate secrets. During 1 Second World War, the German Navy （海军）used a code to send messages. The British broke the code and 2 （learn） about many German plans. The Japanese also used a code to talk to 3 （they） ships at sea. It was called the Purple Code. Although the Americans soon broke this code, the Japanese didn’t know it 4 （break）. In 1942 , the Americans began to use their own code to send 5 （secret）. A few Navajo（纳瓦霍人）Indians made this code 6 （base） on their language, which only some American Indians spoke. The code described a few things the American army did. Only they could understand this code, so they went with the army as it fought against the Japanese. These Navajo soldiers promised 7 （keep） this code a secret, even though this could cause their 8 （die）. The Japanese never broke the code because they knew nothing 9 the Navajo language. And the code, 10 connected two languages, helped win the war in the Pacific. 【答案】 1．the 2．learned/learnt 3．their 4．had been broken 5．secrets 6．based 7．to keep 8．deaths 9．about 10．which 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了二战时期不同国家使用的一些语言密码。 1．考查冠词。此处特指第二次世界大战，序数词前面要用定冠词 the。故填the。 2．考查时态。根据前文During the Second World War可知是过去发生的事情，所以此处用一般过去时learned/learnt。故填learned/learnt。 3．考查代词。此处表示日本人也用密码跟他们的船只交流，修饰名词ships应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 4．考查时态及语态。根据前文Although the Americans soon broke this code, the Japanese didn’t know it可知，美国人破解了密码，但日本人不知道密码已经被破解了。break动作发生在didn’t know之前，故本空应用过去完成时，且根据语境可知此处应用被动语态，故填 had been broken。 5．考查名词复数。根据语境可知美国人用密码传递秘密，秘密不可能是一个，应用复数 secrets。故填secrets。 6．考查过去分词。此处指一些纳瓦霍印第安人以他们的语言为基础创造了密码。be based on意为“以……为基础”，本空应用过去分词based。故填based。 7．考查不定式。promise to do sth. 意为“承诺做某事”，本空应用to keep作宾语。故填to keep。 8．考查名词复数。设空处作动词cause的宾语，并且被形容词性物主代词their修饰，所以用名词复数。故填deaths。 9．考查介词。根据语境可知，他们对纳瓦霍印第安人的语言一无所知。know nothing about...意为“对……一无所知”，本空应介词 about。故填about。 10．考查定语从句的关系词。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the code, 关系词在从句中作主语，应用which。故填which。 C (2023-2024学年高二上·安徽·阶段练习)A lot of films have tried to describe our memories of family members who have passed away. But few have done as 1 (remark) as Coco, Disney-Pixar’s latest animation, 2 hit the big screen on Nov. 24 and won the Oscar in 2018. 3 (inspire) by the Mexican holiday of Day of the Dead, the film’s production team created a young boy, Miguel, who wants his family to understand his love of music. An accident takes him to the Land of the Dead. While there, Miguel has 4 unforgettable and adventurous night. It’s in this magical world 5 Miguel gets to meet and discover the truth about his great-great-grandpa. To protect him from 6 (disappear), Miguel has to bring his photo back to the living world as soon as possible. While told with a wild imagination, the story 7 (convey) a clear and warm message. “In an era when young people are so easily attracted by 8 (celebrity), Coco reveals the emptiness of such adulation ( 谄媚), teaching kids 9 (preserve) and respect the memory of  their elders while reminding them that the source of true creativity is so often 10 (person),” wrote reporter Peter Debruge on Variety. 【答案】 1．remarkably 2．which 3．Inspired 4．an 5．that 6．disappearing 7．conveys 8．celebrities 9．to preserve 10．personal 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了迪士尼和皮克斯联手打造的动画巨作《寻梦环游记》的内容、场景以及所想传达给观众的意义。 1．考查副词。句意：但是几乎没有几部电影能描写的像寻梦环游记这样引人注目。空格处单词处于as…as结构中，一般填形容词或副词的原级形式。由于空格处单词修饰动词done，所以应用副词形式。故填remarkably。 2．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：寻梦环游记是迪士尼和皮克斯联手打造的最新的动画巨作，它在11月24日上映并且赢得了2018年奥斯卡奖。这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为Coco（指物），从句缺少主语，故填which。 3．考查过去分词作状语。句意：受墨西哥亡灵节的启发，制作团队创作了一个名叫米格尔的小男孩。这句话谓语动词为created，所以空格处应填非谓语动词。这句话的主语the film’s production team与inspire之间是被动关系，故填过去分词Inspired. 4．考查不定冠词。句意：在那儿的时候，米格尔度过了一个难忘的又充满危险的晚上。这里的一个晚上前边没有提到过，是泛指，且unforgettable是以元音音素开始的，故填an。 5．考查强调句。句意：就是在这个有魔力的世界里，米格尔遇到了并发现了关于他祖爷爷的真相。这是一个强调句，强调句的基本结构是“It is (was)+被强调部分(主语、宾语或状语)+who (that)...”，这句话中强调的是地点状语，故填that。 6．考查动名词作宾语。句意：为保护祖爷爷不消失，米格尔必须尽可能早的将他的照片带回有生命的世界。“protect…from…”意为“保护……免遭……”，其中from为介词，其后一般跟动名词或名词作宾语。disappear（消失）是动词，所以空格处填动名词形式，故填disappearing。 7．考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：尽管这个故事是以无边的想象的形式讲述的，但是这个故事传达了清晰而温暖的信息。这篇文章整体是以现在时为主的，所以这句话应使用一般现在时。the story是第三人称单数形式，所以谓语动词也应使用第三人称单数形式。故填conveys。 8．考查可数名词的复数形式。句意：在一个年轻人很容易被名流吸引的时代，寻梦环游记揭露了这种谄媚的空虚，一方面教给孩子珍藏并尊重关于老人的记忆，一方面让他们知道真正的想象力经常是很私人的。由于这题空格位于介词by后，空格后没有其他名词，所以空格处应填名词形式。“celebrity（名人）”是可数名词，且其前没有冠词之类的限定词，所以应用复数形式。故填celebrities。 9．考查不定式做宾补。句意同上。“and”前后连接两个并列的成份，且只有两个不定式并列式才可以省去第二个不定式的to使用动词原形，所以空格处填t不定式。且“teach sb. to do sth.”是一个固定搭配，意为“教某人做某事”，故填to preserve。 10．考查形容词。句意同上。空格处位于be动词后作表语，应用形容词形式。故填personal。 D (2024-2025学年高二上·山东·山东·期末) In many films, whenever Earth faces a disaster, the 1 （solve） is always fleeing the planet 2 spaceship. But now the Chinese sci-fi movie, The Wandering Earth   3 （offer） a different and 4 （encourage） idea. In the film, Earth is being destroyed by the dying sun. In response, humans around the world work together 5 (build) a giant engine system, 6 will push Earth away from the sun. This"ambition" didn't come from nowhere. Up to now “homeland” 7 (have) a soft spot in the hearts and minds of Chinese people. This special cultural background 8 (probable) makes The Wandering Earth different from other films. The film was released on Feb 5, the first day of Chinese New Year. It was 9 time when many people had just made the hard journey back to 10 (they) hometowns. So there is only one possible way to tell the story： Earth goes wherever humans go,because it's our home. 【答案】 1．solution 2．by 3．offers/is offering 4．encouraging 5．to build 6．which 7．has had 8．probably 9．a 10．their 【分析】这篇文章是说明文。主要介绍了电影流浪地球的相关内容。 1．考查名词。根据前文的定冠词，可知此处应为名词，所以填solve的名词形式solution。故填solution。 2．考查介词。句意:地球有灾难的时候通过宇宙飞船逃离这个星球。by通过...的方式，故填by。 3．考查动词时态和主谓一致。主语是the wandering earth，单数，后面动词应该是第三人称单数，所以是is offering或者是offers。故填offers/is offering。 4．考查动名词做定语。句意:流浪地球这部电影提供了一个与众不同并且鼓舞人心的想法。idea缺少修饰词，所以用encouraging作定语修饰。故填encouraging。 5．考查不定式的用法。前文已经有work作为谓语，此处用不定式作目的状语。故填to build。 6．考查非限定性定语从句。句意:全世界的人一起工作来建造一个可以把地球发射出太阳系的巨型机械系统。先行词是system，为物，非限制性定语从句只能用which在从句中做主语。故填which。 7．考查现在完成时。句意:时至今日，家园这个词已经成为中国人心里最柔软的地方。时间状语up to now直到今日，这是典型的现在完成时时间状语。故填has had。 8．考查副词。句意:这个特殊的文化背景或许使得流浪地球与其他电影不同。probably副词修饰后面的动词makes。故填probably。 9．考查冠词的用法以及固定句型。句意:这是许多人经过辛苦的漂泊回到自己家乡的时代。it is a time when...为固定句式，意为“...的时代”应该是用不定冠词a。故填a。 10．考查形容词性物主代词。hometown前面缺定语，所以应该用形容词性物主代词their来做定语。故填their。 【点睛】语法填空题需要注意句子构成的基本原则，通常用形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词。例如：第一小题，定冠词修饰后文的名词solution；第八小题，用probably修饰动词makes。 E (2024-2025学年高二上·陕西榆林·月考) Last week,our yearly school sports meeting 1 (hold) and the students of our class took 2 active part in it.On the first day,we watched the impressive opening ceremony 3 (perform) by energetic teachers and students.Soon,the games formally began.Some of my classmates ran to the track to cheer for the 4 （athlete）while others remained 5 (seat),watching them from a distance.I was 6 (excite) because I would compete 7 the 100-meter dash with my classmates cheering.Unfortunately,I fell on the ground, 8 (miss) the chance to win.What a pity!Although I failed,I was still looking forward to a 9 (good) performance the next day.However,as a result of the rain,we had to put off the sports meeting, 10 made us disappointed. 【答案】 1．was held 2．an 3．performed 4．athletes 5．seated 6．excited 7．in 8．missing 9．better 10．which 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了上周作者所在学校举办了每年都举办的运动会，尽管作者在比赛过程中摔倒了，但作者仍然期待着第二天的良好表现。但天不作美，由于天气原因，运动会被推迟，使同学们很失望。 1．考查一般过去时。由“Last week”可知，本句为一般过去时,our yearly school sports meeting 为主语，与谓语hold为被动，所以应填was held。故填 was held。 2．考查冠词。表示抽象的特性、状态、思维以及动作行为的一次、一种、一场、一类等的名词，有时可具体化为可数名词。这时常组成“a／an＋形容词＋抽象名词”结构。part为抽象名词被active修饰，且active首字母的发音为元音因素，所以用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 3．考查过去分词。分析句子可知，ceremony与perform在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填performed 。 4．考查名词复数。athlete为可数名词。本句指多个运动员，所以用复数athletes 。故填athletes 。 5．考查形容词。be seated“就坐”为固定短语，remain为系动词后接seated作表语。故填seated。 6．考查形容词。以后缀 –ed结尾的形容词通常用于说明人。本句的主语为I, 所以表语应为excited。故填excited。 7．考查介词。in the 100-meter dash “在百米冲刺”in“在......里”符合句意。故填in。 8．考查现在分词。分析句子可知，I 与miss 在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填missing。 9．考查形容词比较级。分析句子可知，因为作者在运动会当天摔倒了，所以作者期望明天的表现比今天的好。所以用形容词的比较级。故填better。 10．考查关系代词。分析句子可知，which为非限制性定语从句的先行词，指代前面的整个句子，作定语从句的主语。故填which。 F (2024-2025学年高二上·江苏苏州·月考) Strange things were 1 (happen) in the countryside of northeast Hebei. For three days the water in the village wells 2 (rise) and fell. Farmers noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in 3 (they). A smelly gas came out of the cracks. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous 4 (eat). Mice ran out of the field 5 (look) for places to hide. Fish jumped out of their bowls and ponds. 6 about 3:00 am on July 28th, 1976, some people saw 7 (brightly) lights in the sky. The sound of planes could 8 (hear) outside the city of Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. 9 the one million people of the city, 10 thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. 【答案】 1．happening 2．rose 3．them 4．to eat 5．looking 6．At 7．bright 8．be heard 9．But 10．who 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍地震来临之前出现很多反常现象，很多动物躁动不安，但是城里的人没有什么察觉。 1．考查动词时态。句意：河北东北部的乡村正发生一些奇怪的事情。根据上文were可知为过去进行时，故填happening。 2．考查动词时态。句意：三天来，村里井里的水涨了又跌。根据下文并列谓语and fell可知应用一般过去时rose。 3．考查人称代词。句意：农民们注意到井壁上有很深的裂缝。介词in后跟人称代词宾格形式，故填them。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：在农场里，鸡甚至猪都紧张得吃不下东西。本句为too…to…结构，表示“太……以致于不能……”，故填to eat。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：老鼠跑出田野，寻找藏身之处。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故look只能做非谓语动词与逻辑主语mice构成主谓关系，用现在分词，故填looking。 6．考查介词。句意：1976年7月28日凌晨3点左右，一些人看到天空中有明亮的灯光。根据下文about 3:00 am on July 28th, 1976为时间点可知应填介词At。 7．考查形容词。light为名词需要形容词修饰，故填bright。 8．考查被动语态。句意：即使天空中没有飞机，在唐山城外也能听到飞机的声音。本句主语The sound of planes与谓语动词构成被动，且could后用动词原形，故填be heard。 9．考查连词。句意：但是，这座城市的100万居民，对这些事件并不以为然，那天晚上像往常一样睡着了。根据句意前后文为转折关系，故用but。 10．考查定语从句连接词。本句为定语从句修饰先行词one million people，且先行词在定语从句中做主语，指人，故用关系代词who。 【点睛】定语从句 复合句考查的重点之一，对于定语从句，要做到四点：一是准确判断出该句是定语从句；二是找准先行词；三是分析出从句所缺少的成分；四是掌握关系词的基本用法。只有做到这三点才能准确的判断出该使用哪个关系词。本题中的第10小题考查的是定语从句的关系词，首先判断出这是个定语从句，修饰先行词one million people，且先行词在定语从句中做主语，指人，故用关系代词who。考生按照这个方法便能准确判断出关系词。 G (2024-2025学年高二上·吉林·期末) We walked inside a museum in Garden City and looked around, eager 1 (meet) Kobie Boykins, a NASA engineer. He helped to design the Mars rover (探测器) Curiosity, 2 is still exploring to this day. In a big presentation room, Boykins 3 (talk) about the team’s newest rover, Mars 2020. We asked him if the new rover would be 4 most complicated one he and his team 5 (make) so far. He told us that most of the engineering would be the same. However, the rover is still more   6 (advance) and will be able to get more accurate test   7 (result). When Boykins finished his presentation, some people brought him into another room where we would interview him. We asked if he felt he was   8 a lot of pressure at work. He told us that he   9 (actual) put a lot of pressure on himself. He said that working on the spacecraft wasn’t putting him in that position, but he still wanted to make   10 perfect. 【答案】 1．to meet 2．which 3．was talking/talked 4．the 5．had made 6．advanced 7．results 8．under 9．actually 10．it 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了参观博物馆，拜访了航天科学家Kobie Boykins，明白了成功源自对完美的追求。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们走进Garden City的一个博物馆，环顾四周，很想见见NASA的工程师Kobie Boykins。eager to do固定短语，“渴望做......”，不定式作目的状语，故填to meet。 2．考查定语从句。句意：他帮助设计了火星探测器Curiosity，至今仍在探索中。 is still exploring to this day.是非限制性定语从句，先行词是Curiosity，在从句中作主语，故填which。 3．考查一般过去时或者过去进行时。句意：在一个大的演示室里,Boykins谈到了团队最新的探测器，火星2020。根据上文可知，事情发生在过去，因此用一般过去时或者过去进行时，故填was talking/talked。 4．考查冠词。句意：我们问他这个新探测器是否是他和他的团队迄今为止制造的最复杂的一个。此处是形容词最高级，故填the。 5．考查过去完成时。句意：我们问他这个新探测器是否是他和他的团队迄今为止制造的最复杂的一个。根据时间状语so far，可知谓语动词用完成时态；根据主句的谓语动词asked，可知此处用过去完成时，故填had made。 6．考查形容词。句意：不过，这个探测器会更先进，并且会得到更准确的测试结果。形容词作表语，故填advanced。 7．考查名词。句意：不过，这个探测器会更先进，并且会得到更准确的测试结果。result是可数名词，此处应用复数形式，故填results。 8．考查介词。句意：我们问他是否感到工作压力很大。under pressure固定短语，“在压力之下”，故填under。 9．考查副词。句意：他告诉我们，他实际上给自己施加了很大的压力。副词修饰动词作状语，故填actually。 10．考查代词。句意：他说在飞船上工作并不会让他陷入那种境地,但他还是想让它完美。此处指代working on the spacecraft ，故用代词it，填it。 H (2023-2024学年高二上·浙江·阶段练习) James Roberts, a professor of Baylor University who 1 (study) the effects of the Big 5 personality (个性) features on online 2 (addict) now, said a better understanding of the correlations (相互关系) can help people — and particularly parents — keep away 3 the dangers. “We need to teach people to have 4 (much) self-control,” Roberts said. “Our brains are being prepared for fast and exciting activities online, 5 is making us forget our own responsibility we should shoulder. We talk about our personality 6 (affect) our social media use, but our social media use also affects our personality. … We’ve seen a generation or two 7 (be) crazy about the Internet so that they’re used to constant stimulation (刺激) and quick and fast and shallow interactions (相互影响).” David said he hopes the growing organizations of research on the topic will help people become more aware and 8 (avoid) addiction. 9 (note) that there are apps that can count people’s daily smart phone use, he said, “Most people don’t realize they unlock their phone 200 times 10 day.” 【答案】 1．is studying 2．addiction 3．from 4．more 5．which 6．affecting 7．are 8．avoid 9．Noting 10．a / per 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。从事个性特点与网络成瘾之间关系研究的Roberts教授说：更好地理解相互关系(个性和与媒体应用之间相互影响的关系)有助于使人们远离网络成瘾。 1．考查现在进行时态。虽然say用的是一般过去时态，但它只表达“说”的动作发生在过去。因这项研究还在继续，所以study用现在进行时态，本句中的now也暗示了这一点，故填is studying。 2．考查名词。此处需要介词的宾语，所以使用名词addiction。此处addicting动名词不可接受，在需要名词场合，恰巧该词既有名词形式，又有动词词性(study, work, explain, explanation等)时，确定使用该词的名词形式还是动名词形式的方法是：若该词后有状语、宾语，一定使用动名词形式；若该词前有形容词，一定使用名词形式(本题前面有online，因此暗示使用名词形式)，故填addiction。 3．考查介词。keep away from（远离）是固定搭配，故用from。 4．考查比较级。自控是人们与生俱来的能力。通过后天教育，人会有更多的自控，因此使用more。 5．考查定语从句。分析句子可知，　　5　　 is making us forget our own responsibility we should shoulder为非限制性定语从句，其先行词为前面整个主句，该从句缺乏主语，故用关系代词which。 6．考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，affect作后置定语修饰personality，与其逻辑主语personality为主谓关系，故用现在分词形式affecting。 7．考查主谓一致。or连接主语时谓语动词就近一致。此处主语是“a generation or two (generations必须省略)”，故填are。 8．考查非谓语动词。此处avoid是与become并列的省略to的不定式充当宾语补语，故填avoid。 9．考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，note作原因状语，与其逻辑主语he是主谓关系，所以使用现在分词，故用Noting。 10．考查冠词。表达频率的“每一”时，使用不定冠词a / an / per，故用a/per。 【点睛】主谓一致。 语法意义的一致 1. 金额，距离，体积，重量，面积，数量，国家，人名，机构，事件，作品时，单数 Two dollars is enough. 两美元是足够的。 The United States is a big country. 美国是一个大的国家。 2. 非谓语动词： Reading books is good for you. 阅读书对你来说很好。 To study English well is necessary.去学习好英语是很有必要的。 3. 不定代词： No one is here. 没有一个人在这里。 4. 人类，世界上的人类 Only man thinks how to be better. 只有人类才思考如何变得更好。 5. 其他用法 (1)Many a singer has been here. 许多歌手都到过这里。 (2)More than one boy has the book. 不止一个男孩有这本书。 谓语复数： 1. 集体名词： The police are chasing the thief 警察正在追捕这个小偷 2. 专有名词： The Himalayas is a big mountain喜马拉雅是一个很大的山。 3. the 加形容词（国家的，民族的） The rich are here 有钱人们都在这里 The Chinese are the best 中华民族是最棒的 特殊用法： 1. three fourths books are here 四分之三的书是在这里的。 2. a quantity/an amount of books is here 大量的书在这里 意义一致： 1. He is her brother and friend 他既是他的兄弟也是他的朋友 2. Her brother and her friend are here 他的兄弟和他的朋友都在这里。 3. When and where you can find him is a question 你在哪里什么时候能找到他，那是一个问题。 就近原则： 1. 在here, there等引导的倒装句中, 当主语不止一个，此时谓语动词与最靠近它的主语在数上一致喔。例： Here comes the bus. 巴士过来了。 There is a pencil and several photos on the desk. 桌上有一支铅笔和几张图片。 2. 连词or, either... or..., neither…nor..., not only…but also 等连接的并列主语, 谓语动词只与靠近它的主语在数上一致。例： Either you or he knows something about the task. 要么你，要么他知道此任务的相关情况。 Neither I nor he plays cards.我和他都没打牌. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Wish you were here 核心语法精练（非限制性定语从句） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、单句语法填空（词汇句式全考查） 2 二、用非限制性定语从句合并句子 4 三、用非限制性定语从句完成句子 4 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 5 题型 语篇语法填空（模考真题） 5 （一）非限制性定语从句基本概念 核心要点 具体内容 例句 定义 对先行词进行补充说明，去掉后不影响主句意思完整，与主句之间用逗号隔开。 Tom, who is my deskmate, won the English competition. 先行词 可指人、事物、时间、地点、原因等，还可指代整个主句内容。 She bought a new phone, which cost her 5,000 yuan. He passed the exam, which surprised all of us. 与限制性定语从句的区别 1. 标点：非限制性定语从句用逗号与主句隔开；限制性定语从句无逗号。 2. 含义：非限制性定语从句是补充说明；限制性定语从句是限定修饰。 3. 关系词：非限制性定语从句中不能用 that，不能省略关系词。 限制性：The girl who wears a red dress is my sister. 非限制性：The girl, who wears a red dress, is my sister. （二）非限制性定语从句关系词用法 特殊情况 具体规则 例句 指代整个主句 常用which 或 as，which引导的从句不能置于句首，as 可以。 As is reported, the project will be completed next year. He succeeded in the end, which made us very happy. 介词 + 关系词 介词后只能用whom（指人）、which（指物），不能用 who 或 that。 The man, with whom my father works, is a professor. The house, in which he lived for 20 years, was pulled down. 关系词不可省略 非限制性定语从句的关系词即使在从句中作宾语也不能省略。 She introduced me to her friend, whom I had heard of before. 不能用 that 的情况 非限制性定语从句中无论指代人还是物，都不能用 that。 错误：The girl, that is standing there, is my cousin.正确：The girl, who is standing there, is my cousin. 一、单句语法填空（非限制性定语从句全考查） 1． the chart indicates, the sales increased by 30% this quarter.‌‌ 2．Besides, we wrapped dumplings with the elderly together for lunch, during we chatted with the elderly. 3．We will go to the hospital to see the patients, most of are children. 4．The other was the Big Bang Theory, holds that the universe began at a single point in time and space. 5．For young people, they can feel a sense of belonging and gain encouragement, is beneficial to their mental health. 6．The company is striving to create a work environment, employees feel genuinely empowered to share their innovative ideas without fear of judgment or failure. 7．Last week I went to Shenzhen, is the engine of China’s economic development. 8． you can imagine, the skies over the city get pretty busy. 9．The desert appeared completely empty, was calming and threatening at the same time. 10．He came to public attention during the 1960 Rome Olympics, he won the light heavyweight gold medal for the USA, demonstrating great talent and personality in the process. 11．Have you read the book War and Peace, writer is world-famous? (用适当的词填空) 12．John invited 40 people to his wedding, most of are family members. 13．He is a good student, is known to all. 14．The famous scientist, we all admire, gave us a wonderful speech yesterday. 15．My sister passed the driving test, really made our parents happy. 16．Nowadays many people have opened their TikTok accounts, they share their ideas and feelings with us. 17． is mentioned earlier, the expert group has already been formed to investigate the issue. 18．Our special thanks go to thousands of volunteers, without tireless work, none of these achievements would be possible. 19．In the evening we went to a party and I met Diana's friends, many of are connected with the movie industry. 20．Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of recovered. 21．The ancient city, history dates back to the Tang Dynasty, attracts thousands of tourists every year. 22．She has written three novels, the last of has been translated into five languages. 23．He has a collection of vintage watches, most of were made in Switzerland in the 1960s. 24． is often the case, the weather in spring is quite changeable. 25．The research involved several experiments, made it difficult to combine the results. 26．Indeed, his slim strong body is just like of millions of Chinese farmers, whom he had devoted his life. 27．Grandma has been complaining about the vegetables sold in the supermarket, have been grown using chemical fertilisers. 28．Most great scientists have the ability to see the world in ways other people do not. 29．This applied science, saves work and makes life easier, brings us little happiness. 30．Have you been to the Louvre Museum, you can see the Mona Lisa on display? 二、用非限制性定语从句合并句子 1．Afterwards, Einstein had to flee Germany. Hitler was in power there. 2．Tu Youyou went to Hainan to study malaria patients. Malaria was more common there. 3．I walked through the doors into the waiting area. And there’s a familiar atmosphere of boredom and tension in the waiting area. 4．Last summer we visited Paris. It is known as the City of Light. 5．The teaching building is very magnificent. A big statue of Confucius stands in front of the teaching building. 6．Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize. It is considered one of the highest international honours a person can receive. 7．Dr Zhong Nanshan is my own personal hero. His great contributions to health care saved countless lives. 8．She is my mother. She works as a cashier at a neighbourhood supermarket. 9．I have been to the Louvre Museum. I saw the Mona Lisa on display there. 10．The new policy will be implemented next month. The aim of the policy is to reduce carbon emissions. 三、用非限制性定语从句完成句子 1．也许我最需要感谢的是我的同桌，他总是帮助我。 Perhaps the person I need to appreciate most is . 2．我们盼望的假期就要来了。 The holiday, we’re looking forward to is drawing near. 3．It is vital to learn to use these software programs, all can help you with collection and evaluation. 学会使用这些软件程序至关重要，它们都能在资料收集和评估方面提供帮助。 4．我们班有45名学生，其中只有10人在上一门选修艺术课。 There are 45 students in our class, out only 10 are taking an optional art course. We could not give the reason, so many people were in favour of the draft. 6．There are 50 students in our class, are taking an optional art course. 我们班有50个学生，其中有一半学生上艺术选修课。 7．如果时间允许的话，你可以向医生求助，从他们那儿你能得到更专业的帮助。 If time permits, you can turn to doctors for help, you can get professional help. 8．那座古老的城堡，关于它流传着许多故事，每年都吸引着成千上万好奇的游客。 The old castle, many stories have been told, attracts thousands of curious tourists every year. 9．我一直戴着的健康监测仪，帮助我进入了人生的最佳状态。 My health monitor, all the time, has helped me get into the best shape of my life. 10．积极的反馈能建立自信，而这反过来会激励个人接受更大的挑战。 Positive feedback builds confidence, motivates individuals to take on greater challenges. 语篇语法填空（模考真题） A （25-26高二·全国·课后作业）A girl who has a gift for drawing I went to an exhibition last month, 1 I admired a lot of wonderful paintings. Mary, 2 drawings were shown at the exhibition, is a model student 3 is often praised for her good work at school. As soon as we got into the exhibition hall 4 the paintings were on show, our eyes were caught by a very large picture 5 was hung on the wall in front of us. The horse 6 was drawn in the picture was exactly like a real horse. The man 7 was riding on it looked like a living man. It was the best picture 8 I had ever seen, and I should say Mary is the best young painter 9 I have ever heard of. However, you will be quite mistaken if you think that Mary was born a good painter. One of her teachers told me that it had taken Mary thousands of hours to learn and practise drawing before she became the best young painter 10 has ever been heard of in her hometown. But if you say that she has learned to be so good at drawing only by working hard at it, I will certainly agree with you. B （25-26高二全国·单元测试） Language is sometimes written as a code so that people can communicate secrets. During 1 Second World War, the German Navy （海军）used a code to send messages. The British broke the code and 2 （learn） about many German plans. The Japanese also used a code to talk to 3 （they） ships at sea. It was called the Purple Code. Although the Americans soon broke this code, the Japanese didn’t know it 4 （break）. In 1942 , the Americans began to use their own code to send 5 （secret）. A few Navajo（纳瓦霍人）Indians made this code 6 （base） on their language, which only some American Indians spoke. The code described a few things the American army did. Only they could understand this code, so they went with the army as it fought against the Japanese. These Navajo soldiers promised 7 （keep） this code a secret, even though this could cause their 8 （die）. The Japanese never broke the code because they knew nothing 9 the Navajo language. And the code, 10 connected two languages, helped win the war in the Pacific. C (2023-2024学年高二上·安徽·阶段练习)A lot of films have tried to describe our memories of family members who have passed away. But few have done as 1 (remark) as Coco, Disney-Pixar’s latest animation, 2 hit the big screen on Nov. 24 and won the Oscar in 2018. 3 (inspire) by the Mexican holiday of Day of the Dead, the film’s production team created a young boy, Miguel, who wants his family to understand his love of music. An accident takes him to the Land of the Dead. While there, Miguel has 4 unforgettable and adventurous night. It’s in this magical world 5 Miguel gets to meet and discover the truth about his great-great-grandpa. To protect him from 6 (disappear), Miguel has to bring his photo back to the living world as soon as possible. While told with a wild imagination, the story 7 (convey) a clear and warm message. “In an era when young people are so easily attracted by 8 (celebrity), Coco reveals the emptiness of such adulation ( 谄媚), teaching kids 9 (preserve) and respect the memory of  their elders while reminding them that the source of true creativity is so often 10 (person),” wrote reporter Peter Debruge on Variety. D (2024-2025学年高二上·山东·山东·期末) In many films, whenever Earth faces a disaster, the 1 （solve） is always fleeing the planet 2 spaceship. But now the Chinese sci-fi movie, The Wandering Earth   3 （offer） a different and 4 （encourage） idea. In the film, Earth is being destroyed by the dying sun. In response, humans around the world work together 5 (build) a giant engine system, 6 will push Earth away from the sun. This"ambition" didn't come from nowhere. Up to now “homeland” 7 (have) a soft spot in the hearts and minds of Chinese people. This special cultural background 8 (probable) makes The Wandering Earth different from other films. The film was released on Feb 5, the first day of Chinese New Year. It was 9 time when many people had just made the hard journey back to 10 (they) hometowns. So there is only one possible way to tell the story： Earth goes wherever humans go,because it's our home. E (2024-2025学年高二上·陕西榆林·月考) Last week,our yearly school sports meeting 1 (hold) and the students of our class took 2 active part in it.On the first day,we watched the impressive opening ceremony 3 (perform) by energetic teachers and students.Soon,the games formally began.Some of my classmates ran to the track to cheer for the 4 （athlete）while others remained 5 (seat),watching them from a distance.I was 6 (excite) because I would compete 7 the 100-meter dash with my classmates cheering.Unfortunately,I fell on the ground, 8 (miss) the chance to win.What a pity!Although I failed,I was still looking forward to a 9 (good) performance the next day.However,as a result of the rain,we had to put off the sports meeting, 10 made us disappointed. F (2024-2025学年高二上·江苏苏州·月考) Strange things were 1 (happen) in the countryside of northeast Hebei. For three days the water in the village wells 2 (rise) and fell. Farmers noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in 3 (they). A smelly gas came out of the cracks. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous 4 (eat). Mice ran out of the field 5 (look) for places to hide. Fish jumped out of their bowls and ponds. 6 about 3:00 am on July 28th, 1976, some people saw 7 (brightly) lights in the sky. The sound of planes could 8 (hear) outside the city of Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. 9 the one million people of the city, 10 thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. G (2024-2025学年高二上·吉林·期末) We walked inside a museum in Garden City and looked around, eager 1 (meet) Kobie Boykins, a NASA engineer. He helped to design the Mars rover (探测器) Curiosity, 2 is still exploring to this day. In a big presentation room, Boykins 3 (talk) about the team’s newest rover, Mars 2020. We asked him if the new rover would be 4 most complicated one he and his team 5 (make) so far. He told us that most of the engineering would be the same. However, the rover is still more   6 (advance) and will be able to get more accurate test   7 (result). When Boykins finished his presentation, some people brought him into another room where we would interview him. We asked if he felt he was   8 a lot of pressure at work. He told us that he   9 (actual) put a lot of pressure on himself. He said that working on the spacecraft wasn’t putting him in that position, but he still wanted to make   10 perfect. H (2023-2024学年高二上·浙江·阶段练习) James Roberts, a professor of Baylor University who 1 (study) the effects of the Big 5 personality (个性) features on online 2 (addict) now, said a better understanding of the correlations (相互关系) can help people — and particularly parents — keep away 3 the dangers. “We need to teach people to have 4 (much) self-control,” Roberts said. “Our brains are being prepared for fast and exciting activities online, 5 is making us forget our own responsibility we should shoulder. We talk about our personality 6 (affect) our social media use, but our social media use also affects our personality. … We’ve seen a generation or two 7 (be) crazy about the Internet so that they’re used to constant stimulation (刺激) and quick and fast and shallow interactions (相互影响).” David said he hopes the growing organizations of research on the topic will help people become more aware and 8 (avoid) addiction. 9 (note) that there are apps that can count people’s daily smart phone use, he said, “Most people don’t realize they unlock their phone 200 times 10 day.” 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $