Unit 4 单元达标检测-(配套练习)【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册(译林版)

[本卷满分120分，考试用时100分钟] 第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Go through the calendars below to find an upcoming event that matches your interests and schedule! Arts Administration Virtual Information Session Friday, March 4, 2022 at 4：00 PM until 5：00 PM This chat will provide the opportunity to learn about masters degree curriculum (课程), internships(实习)and the student experience.Representatives from the Office of Admission will also be available to discuss the upcoming admission cycle and application process.We will also provide the opportunity to ask your own questions. Nutrition Information Session Friday, March 11, 2022 at 6：00 PM until 8：00 PM This session includes an overview(概述) of the Program in Nutrition, the application process, and the MS­RDN degrees that will prepare you to become a registered(注册的)nutritionist.During the information session, you will have an opportunity to ask questions. Psychology M．A.Virtual Information Session Friday, March 11, 2022 at 5：00 PM until 6：00 PM The program educates students to be competent professionals in the field of organization development with a focus on leadership development, change management, team building, executive training, organizational research methods and more.The program is open to questions. XMA Online Information Session Monday, March 7, 2022 at 12：00 PM until 1：00 PM This 60­minute online information session gives prospective students the opportunity to learn more about the Executive Masters Degree in Change Leadership.You will hear from the program's Faculty Director, administrative(管理的) staff, and a member of the XMA alumni(校友)community.Questions are welcome! [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一所大学即将开始的活动安排，以及每个活动的主要内容。 1．What does Arts Administration Virtual Information Session provide? A．Information about application process. B．Leadership development. C．A chat with a representative in private. D．An introduction to modern art. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据Arts Administration Virtual Information Session部分的“Representatives from the Office of Admission will also be available to discuss the upcoming admission cycle and application process.(招生办公室的代表也将参与讨论即将到来的招生周期和申请流程)”可知，在这个活动中我们可以了解到关于申请流程的信息。故选A。 2．What do the four events have in common? A．They last for the same length of time. B．They are held offline. C．They are only open to professors. D．They have a question­and­answer session. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据Arts Administration Virtual Information Session部分的“We will also provide the opportunity to ask your own questions.(我们还将为您提供提问的机会)”，Nutrition Information Session部分的“During the information session, you will have an opportunity to ask questions.(在信息会议期间，您将有机会提出问题)”，Psychology M．A.Virtual Information Session部分的“The program is open to questions.(该项目可接受提问)”和XMA Online Information Session部分的“Questions are welcome！(欢迎提问)”可知，这四个活动的共同之处是它们都有问答环节。故选D。 3．Where can the passage probably be found? A．In a reference book. B．In a psychology text book. C．In an art magazine. D．In a university website. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据第一段“Go through the calendars below to find an upcoming event that matches your interests and schedule！(浏览下面的日历，找到符合你兴趣和日程安排的即将到来的活动！)”结合下文介绍的四个学校活动安排和内容推知，本文很有可能出现在大学的网站上。故选D。 B Chinese Literature Readers' Club was recently launched in Beijing in a bid to promote the country's literature around the world. Initiated by China Writers Association, literature organizations and Chinese literature lovers overseas, this club will provide a platform for communication about, and the exchange of, literature from home and abroad. Speaking at the launch ceremony in August, Tie Ning, head of China Writers Association, said that reading, appreciating and exchanging ideas about literary works from a country will help to break through ignorance, isolation and prejudices, enabling people to not be blinded by stereotypical views and really be able to understand a country's historical origins, cultural context, social development and philosophical ideas. She added that it also allows people to spiritually get close to, and understand, the rich emotional world of the people there and their vibrant life, and to feel that “we are all a part of a community with a shared future for mankind”． Chinese literature has a history of “several thousand years”， including countless jewels that can be called an inheritance of human civilization that can be kept as permanent memories, as well as excellent modern and contemporary works that can arouse empathy in readers around the world.However, few Chinese writers are really known by readers in other countries, apart from those who have won international literary awards, Tie noted. “It is, therefore, our common cultural mission to establish Chinese Literature Readers' Club to introduce Chinese literature to the world, and to increase the mutual understanding and friendship between different peoples，” Tie said. The clubs in different countries will build a bridge for overseas readers to get in touch with contemporary Chinese literature and its writers.They will organize events, both online and in­person, through local educational institutions, publishing houses, libraries, traditional media and social media networks. So far, the club has set up branches in 12 countries—Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Turkey, Iran, Russia, Poland, Serbia, Germany, France, Britain and Chile. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。本文主要报道了中国文学读者俱乐部成立的消息，主要包括了其成立的意义、未来规划等。 4．Why was Chinese Literature Readers' Club set up? A．To help Chinese writers sell more books. B．To inspire more people to become writers. C．To spread Chinese literature to other countries. D．To invite more foreign writers to write in China. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Chinese Literature Readers' Club was recently launched in Beijing in a bid to promote the country's literature around the world.(中国文学读者俱乐部近日在北京成立，旨在向世界推广中国文学。)”可知，该俱乐部成立的目的是为了向全世界推广中国文学。故选C。 5．What can we infer about Chinese literature? A．It is hard for foreign readers to understand. B．It lacks modern and contemporary works. C．It is not so good as foreign literature. D．It is not very popular in the world. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据文章第五段“However, few Chinese writers are really known by readers in other countries(然而，真正为其他国家读者所知的中国作家却寥寥无几)”可知，中国文学在世界上的知名度并不高。故选D。 6．How does the Club work? A．By building bridges in other countries. B．By organizing different kinds of activities. C．By getting in touch with readers online. D．By setting up branches within the country. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“They will organize events, both online and in­person, through local educational institutions, publishing houses, libraries, traditional media and social media networks.( 他们将通过当地教育机构、出版社、图书馆、传统媒体和社交媒体网络在线和亲自组织活动。)”可知，该俱乐部通过举办各种各样的活动来开展工作。故选B。 7．Which is the best title of the passage? A．Future Road Reshaped for Chinese Readers B．Chinese Literature Gets Boost from New Book Club C．Chinese Literature Needs New Blood from the World D．Measures Should Be Taken to Protect Chinese Literature 解析　B　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Chinese Literature Readers' Club was recently launched in Beijing in a bid to promote the country's literature around the world.(中国文学读者俱乐部近日在北京成立，旨在向世界推广中国文学。)”以及综合分析全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国文学读者俱乐部成立的相关事宜，B项：Chinese Literature Gets Boost from New Book Club(新书友会推动中国文学发展)是合适的标题。故选B。 C Holmes' Knowledge His ignorance was as remarkable as his knowledge.Of contemporary literature, philosophy and politics he appeared to know next to nothing.Upon my quoting Thomas Carlyle, he inquired in the naivest way who he might be and what he had done.My surprise reached a climax, however, when I found incidentally that he was ignorant of the Copernican Theory and of the composition of the Solar system. “You appear to be astonished，” Holmes said, smiling at my expression.“Now that I do know it I shall do my best to forget it.You see, I consider that a man's brain originally is like a little empty attic, and you have to stock it with such furniture as you choose: A fool takes in all the lumber of every sort that he comes across, so that the knowledge which might be useful to him gets crowded out, or at best jumbled up with a lot of other things, so that he has difficulty in laying his hand upon it.It is a mistake to think that the little room has elastic walls and can distend to any extent.Depend upon it, there comes a time when for every addition of knowledge you forget something that you know before.It is of the highest importance, therefore, not to have useless facts elbowing out the useful ones.” “But the Solar System！” I protested. “What the deuce is it to me？” he interrupted impatiently. One morning, I picked up a magazine from the table and attempted to while away the time with it, while my companion munched silently at his toast.One of the articles had a pencil mark at the heading, and I naturally began to run my eye through it. Its somewhat ambitious title was “The Book of Life，” and it attempted to show how much an observant man might learn by an accurate and systematic examination of all that came in his way.It struck me as being a remarkable mixture of shrewdness and of absurdity.The reasoning was close and intense, but the deduction appeared to me to be far­fetched and exaggerated.The writer claimed by a momentary expression, a twitch of a muscle or a glance of an eye, to fathom a man's inmost thought.Deceit, according to him, was impossibility in the case of one trained to observation and analysis.His conclusions were as infallible as so many propositions of Euclid.So startling would his results appear to the uninitiated that until they learned the processes by which he had arrived at them they might well consider him as a necromancer. “From a drop of water，” said the writer, “a logician could infer the possibility of an Atlantic.So all life is a great chain, the nature of which is known whenever we are shown a single link of it.Like all other arts, the science of Deduction and Analysis is one which can be acquired by long and patient study, nor is life long enough to allow any mortal to attain the highest possible perfection in it.” This smartly written piece of theory I could not accept until a succession of evidences justified it. [语篇解读]　本文是小说节选。本章介绍了福尔摩斯的“无知”和他的“阁楼说”，以及他独有的推理和分析理论。 8．What is the author's attitude toward Holmes? A．Praising.　　　　 B．Critical. C．Ironical. D．Distaste. 解析　A　推理判断题。最后一段“This smartly written piece of theory I could not accept until a succession of evidences justified it.(这个写得绝妙的理论，我一直无法认同，直到一系列的证据证明它是正确的)”是作者对福尔摩斯的文章The Book of Life中理论的评价，由此可知，作者对福尔摩斯是由不解到折服，不吝溢美之词。故选A。 9．What way did the author take to stick out Holmes' uniqueness? A．By deduction. B．By explanation. C．By contrast. D．By analysis. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据第一段“Of contemporary literature, philosophy and politics he appeared to know next to nothing.(对于当代文学、哲学和政治，他似乎一窍不通)”和倒数第二段福尔摩斯对于推理和分析理论的阐述“‘From a drop of water，’ said the writer, ‘a logician could infer the possibility of an Atlantic.So all life is a great chain, the nature of which is known whenever we are shown a single link of it.Like all other arts, the science of Deduction and Analysis is one which can be acquired by long and patient study, nor is life long enough to allow any mortal to attain the highest possible perfection in it.’ (“从一滴水，”作者说，“一个逻辑学家可以推断出大西洋存在的可能性。因此，所有的生命都是一条巨大的链条，只要我们看到其中的一个环节，我们就知道它的本质。演绎与分析科学和其他所有的艺术一样，是一门可以通过长期和耐心的学习而获得的科学，也不可能让任何凡人在这门科学中达到最高的完美。”)”可知，作者通过对比福尔摩斯对于社会科学的无知和对于逻辑学知识的渊博来表现他的独特，即“His ignorance was as remarkable as his knowledge.(他的无知和他的知识一样引人注目)”。故选C。 10．What was the Holmes' idea about knowledge­learning? A．Learning what every body learned. B．Learning what was useful to you. C．Learning whatever you came across. D．Learning what was different to you. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据第二段“Depend upon it, there comes a time when for every addition of knowledge you forget something that you know before.It is of the highest importance, therefore, not to have useless facts elbowing out the useful ones.(毫无疑问，总有那么一段时间，每增加一点知识，你就会忘记一些以前知道的东西。因此，最重要的是，不要让无用的事实把有用的挤出去)”可知，福尔摩斯认为只应当学习对你有用的知识。故选B。 11．What did the article mentioned in the passage talk about? A．One may master the way of reasoning through observation. B．One may become rather critical through observation and analysis. C．One may become rather sharp through observation and analysis. D．One may become practical through observation and analysis. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Its somewhat ambitious title was “The Book of Life，” and it attempted to show how much an observant man might learn by an accurate and systematic examination of all that came in his way.(这篇文章的标题有点雄心勃勃，叫做《生命之书》，它试图表明一个善于观察的人，通过对他所遇到的一切事物进行准确而系统的观察，可以了解到很多东西)”可知，The Book of Life这篇文章讲的是一个人通过观察和分析可以察觉很多东西，可以变得相当敏锐。故选C。 D It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justify his efforts to give his students a better future. Mr.Koziatek is part of something pioneering.He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and mechanical memorization, but practical.When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike chain? As Koziatek knows, there is learning in just about everything：Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffiti desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum.They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle. But he's also found a kind of insidious prejudice.Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority.Schools in the family of vocational education “have that stereotype...that it's for kids who can't make it academically, ”he says. On one hand, that viewpoint is a logical product of America's evolution.Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was.The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated.More education is the new principle.We want more for our kids, and rightfully so. But the headlong(轻率的) push into bachelor's degrees for all－and the subtle devaluing of anything less－misses an important point：That's not the only thing the American economy needs.Yes, a bachelor's degree opens more doors.But even now, 54 percent of the jobs in the country are middle­skill jobs, such as construction and high­skill manufacturing.But only 44 percent of workers are adequately trained. In other words, at a time when the working­class has turned the country on its political head, frustrated that the opportunity that once defined America is vanishing, one obvious solution is staring us in the face.There is a gap in working­class jobs, but the workers who need those jobs most aren't equipped to do them.Koziatek's Manchester School of Technology High School is trying to fill that gap.Koziatek's school is a wake­up call.When education becomes one­size­fits­all, it risks overlooking a nation's diversity of gifts. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。科齐亚特克的曼彻斯特理工学院高中的一位老师认为实践对学生尤为重要，并介绍了大家对职业教育的刻板印象和大肆鼓励攻读学位的现象。 12．A broken bike chain is mentioned to show students' lack of . A．academic training B．practical ability C．pioneering spirit D．mechanical memorization 解析　B　推理判断题。根据第二段的“He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and mechanical memorization, but practical.When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike chain？(他是新罕布什尔州一所高中的老师，那里的学习不是书本、考试和机械记忆，而是实践。什么时候，学生们能够说出美国第13任总统的名字，但却被一根断了的自行车链条完全压倒，这一点成为了公认的智慧？)”可推知，提到一条断了的自行车链条是为了表示学生们缺少实践能力。故选B。 13．There exists the prejudice that vocational education is for kids who . A．have a stereotyped mind B．have no career motivation C．are financially disadvantaged D．are not academically successful 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第四段“But he's also found a kind of insidious prejudice. Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority.Schools in the family of vocational education ‘have that stereotype...that it's for kids who can't make it academically，’he says.(但他也发现了一种潜在的偏见。用手工作几乎被视为自卑的标志。职业教育家庭中‘有一种刻板印象……这是为那些在学业上不能胜任的孩子们准备的，’他说。)”可知，有一种偏见认为职业教育是为那些学业不成功的孩子准备的。故选D。 14．The headlong push into bachelor's degrees for all . A．helps create a lot of middle­skill jobs B．may narrow the gap in working­class jobs C．indicates the overvaluing of higher education D．is expected to yield a better­trained workforce 解析　C　推理判断题。根据第六段的“But the headlong(轻率的)push into bachelor's degrees for all—and the subtle devaluing of anything less—misses an important point：That's not the only thing the American economy needs.(但是，对所有人来说，大肆攻读学士学位——以及对任何不具备学士学位的人进行微妙的贬值——忽略了一个要点：这不是美国经济所需要的唯一东西)”可推知，大肆攻读学士学位是高估了高等教育的价值。故选C。 15．The author's attitude toward Koziatek's school can be described as . A．tolerant　　　 B．cautious C．supportive D．disappointed 解析　C　观点态度题。根据文章最后一段最后三句“Koziatek's Manchester School of Technology High School is trying to fill that gap.Koziatek's school is a wake­up call.When education becomes one­size­fits­all，it risks overlooking a nation's diversity of gifts.(科齐亚特克的曼彻斯特理工学院高中正试图填补这一空白。科齐亚特克的学校是一个警钟。当教育变得一刀切时，它有可能忽视一个国家天赋的多样性。)”可推知，作者对科齐亚特克的学校的态度是支持的。故选C。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Learning Is Everywhere and Anytime Employees nowadays are faced with major changes in their working life.Besides their daily tasks and responsibilities, they are also learners.Specifically, they are learners faced with an information overload and above all, a limited amount of time.In order to catch all the opportunities learning has to offer, learning should be able to occur anywhere, at any time. 16 . This first challenge for all the learners involved in the e­learning area is that your contents should be available on smartphones and mobile Internet devices, or you won't have any chance to be competitive in the e­learning field. 17 .Did you know that the rate of information has tripled (增至三倍)in the last 3 years alone? People are overloaded with tools and need guidance to learn how to learn in the digital age. 18 .Micro­learning makes learning easier with smaller learning units and short­term­focused activities.As experts say, repetitive learning through putting the learning process into daily routines is highly effective.And you can improve the learner experience by offering so­called learning nugget in an ATAWADAC style: Any Time, Any Where, Any Device, Any Content. To boost the learner experience, you need to select only content that is relevant to you.Create your own personalized on­demand learning library, by piling up interesting learning content that you can easily get. 19 ， you can create your daily learning journey by consuming bite­sized learning content on. 20 . • Increase the completion rate. • Give visibility to onboarding programmes: newcomers can have access to entry­level programmes everywhere and at any time. • Give feedback before or after training lessons. A．How to increase micro­learning B．Here are some benefits of micro­learning C．It's important to know repetitive learning too D．Micro­learning forms an answer for learner's challenges E．Besides, people are faced with an information overload F．It should also take into consideration of the limitations of the individual G．By means of one mobile device (tablet, phone, application) [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种学习活动——微学习，这种学习可以帮助人们解决学习的局限性。 16．解析　F　推理判断题。上文“Specifically, they are learners faced with an information overload and above all, a limited amount of time.(具体来说，他们是学习者，面对的是信息过载，最重要的是，有限的时间。)”说明每个人的学习都有局限性。F选项It should also take into consideration of the limitations of the individual.(它还应该考虑到个人的局限性。)说明学习还要考虑个人的局限性，符合文意。故选F。 17．解析　E　推理判断题。下文“Did you know that the rate of information has tripled in the last 3 years alone? People are overloaded with tools and need guidance to learn how to learn in the digital age.(你知道仅在过去的三年里，信息的传播速度就增长到三倍吗？在数字时代，人们的工具太多了，需要有人来指导他们如何学习。)”说明数字时代的人们面对的信息量很大。E选项Besides, people are faced with an information overload.(此外，人们面临着信息过载。)符合下文文意。故选E。 18．解析　D　推理判断题。上文“Specifically, they are learners faced with an information overload and above all, a limited amount of time.(具体来说，他们是学习者，面对的是信息过载，最重要的是，有限的时间。)”说明每个人的学习都面临着一定的局限性的挑战。下文“Micro­learning makes learning easier with smaller learning units and short­term­focused activities.(微学习使学习更容易与更小的学习单元和短期关注的活动。)”说明微学习可以解决信息过载时间有限等问题。D选项Micro­learning forms an answer for learner's challenges.(微学习为学习者的挑战提供了答案。)符合上下文意。故选D。 19．解析　G　推理判断题。上文“This first challenge for all the learners involved in the e­learning area is that your contents should be available on smartphones and mobile Internet devices, or you won't have any chance to be competitive in the e­learning field.(对于所有参与电子学习领域的学习者来说，第一个挑战是，你的内容必须在智能手机和移动互联网设备上可用，否则你将没有任何机会在电子学习领域具有竞争力。)”说明移动设备的必要性。下文“you can create your daily learning journey by consuming bite­sized learning content on(您可以通过在网上消费小规模的学习内容来创建您的日常学习之旅)”说明需要创建日常学习之旅需要移动设备。G选项By means of one mobile device (tablet, phone, application)[通过一个移动设备(平板、电话、应用程序)]符合上下文意。故选G。 20．解析　B　标题归纳题。下文“Increase the completion rate.(提高完成率。)”“Give visibility to onboarding programmes : newcomers can have access to entry­level programmes everywhere and at any time.(提供入职培训：新员工可以随时随地参加入门级培训。)”“Give feedback before or after training lessons.(在培训课程之前或之后给予反馈。)”说明这些都是微学习的优点。B选项Here are some benefits of micro­learning.(以下是微观学习的一些好处。)符合文意。故选B。 第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Like many new graduates, I left university full of hope for the future and wanted to make a 21 in the world somehow, but I had no idea how to do that.That's 22 I learned about the Lighthouse Project. I started my 23 as a Lighthouse Project volunteer by reading as much as I could about the experiences of previous 24 .I knew it would be 25 ， and that I would be away from my family and friends for a very long time. 26 ， I did not take my decision to apply for the Lighthouse Project 27 .Neither did my family. I sent in all the paperwork needed for the application.After countless interviews and presentations, I managed to 28 among the candidates and survive the test alone.Several months later, I finally received a call asking me to report for the duty.I would be going to a small village near Abuja, Nigeria. After completing my 29 ， I was sent to the village that was small and 30 in need of proper accommodation.Though the local villagers were poor, they offered their homes, hearts, and food as if I were their own family.I was asked to 31 a small team of local people in building a new schoolhouse.For the next year or so, I 32 in that same schoolhouse.But I sometimes thought I learned more from my 33 than they did from me. Sometime during that period, I realized that all those things that had seemed so strange or 34 to me no longer did, though I did not get anywhere with the local language, and returned to the United States a different man.The Lighthouse Project had changed my 35 forever. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者经历了无数次面试和演讲后，成为一名灯塔项目志愿者，这段做志愿者期间的宝贵经历使他得到了锻炼，改变了他的生活。 21．A.fortune　　　　 B．difference C．wish D．attempt 解析　B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：和许多应届毕业生一样，我走出大学校门时对未来充满希望，想以某种方式改变世界，但我不知道该怎么做。A.fortune财富；B.difference差别，短语make a difference意为“改变”；C.wish希望；D.attempt企图。根据上文“Like many new graduates, I left university full of hope for the future”可知，和许多应届毕业生一样，我离开大学时对未来充满希望，推知，此处指作者想改变(make a difference)世界，该空缺少名词difference。故选B。 22．A.why B．how C．when D．where 解析　C　考查连接词词义辨析。句意：这是我了解灯塔项目的时候。A.why为什么；B.how怎样；C.when时候；D.where哪里。 根据“I learned about the Lighthouse Project”及句子结构可知，这是一个表语从句，表示“了解灯塔项目的时候”，应该用连接副词when引导从句。故选C。 23．A.journey B．study C．occupation D．business 解析　A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我以灯塔项目志愿者的身份开始了我的旅程，尽可能多地阅读以前志愿者的经历。A.journey旅行；B.study学习；C.occupation工作；D.business商业。根据下文“I knew it would be , and that I would be away from my family and friends for a very long time.”可知，作者会去外地，离开我的家人和朋友很长一段时间，推知，此处指离开家去外地的这段旅程(journey)，指当志愿者的这段旅程。故选A。 24．A.volunteers B．students C．graduates D．applicants 解析　A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始了灯塔项目志愿者的旅程，尽可能多地阅读以前志愿者的经历。A.volunteers志愿者；B.students学生；C.graduates毕业生；D.applicants申请人。根据上文“I started my as a Lighthouse Project volunteer”可知，作者开始了灯塔项目志愿者的旅程，推知，此处指作者尽可能多地阅读以前志愿者(volunteers)的经历。故选A。 25．A.adventurous B．brief C．dangerous D．tough 解析　D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道这会很艰难，我会离开我的家人和朋友很长一段时间。A.adventurous冒险的；B.brief简明的；C.dangerous危险的；D.tough艰难的。根据“and that I would be away from my family and friends for a very long time”可知，作者会离开家人和朋友很长一段时间，推知，此处指离开亲人和朋友的这段时间会很艰难(tough)。故选D。 26．A.In turn B．In reward C．In honor D．In short 解析　D　考查短语辨析。句意：总之，我并没有轻率地决定申请灯塔项目。A.In turn反过来；B.In reward作为回报；C.In honor为了纪念；D.In short简言之。上文说作者知道这会很艰难，因为自己会离开我的家人和朋友很长一段时间，再根据下文“I sent in all the paperwork needed for the application.After countless interviews and presentations, I managed to among the candidates and survive the test alone.”可知，作者是把申请所需的所有文件都寄了过去，然后在无数次面试和演讲之后，在候选人中脱颖而出，独自通过了考试，此处指，总之(In short)，作者并没有轻率地决定申请灯塔项目。故选D。 27．A.seriously B．lightly C．excitedly D．carefully 解析　B　考查副词词义辨析。句意：总之，我并没有轻率地决定申请灯塔项目。A.seriously认真地；B.lightly轻率地；C.excitedly兴奋地；D.carefully小心。根据下文“I sent in all the paperwork needed for the application.After countless interviews and presentations, I managed to among the candidates and survive the test alone.”可知，作者是把申请所需的所有文件都寄了过去，然后在无数次面试和演讲之后，在候选人中脱颖而出，独自通过了考试，此处指作者进行认真严肃的做好每一步工作，并未轻率地(lightly)申请。故选B。 28．A.stick out B．turn out C．stand out D．pick out 解析　C　考查短语辨析。句意：在无数次面试和演讲之后，我在候选人中脱颖而出，独自通过了考试。A.stick out突出；B.turn out结果是；C.stand out脱颖而出；D.pick out辨认出。根据下文“survive the test alone”可知，作者独自通过了考试，推知，作者很优秀，从候选人中脱颖而出(stand out)。故选C。 29．A.treatment B．accommodation C．schedules D．training 解析　D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：完成培训后，我被派往一个小村庄，那里迫切需要宿舍。A.treatment治疗；B.accommodation住处；C.schedules时间表；D.training培训。根据上文“Several months later, I finally received a call asking me to report for the duty.”以及下文“I was sent to the village”，再结合作者申请灯塔项目志愿者的发展进程，可推知，此处指作者在报到后、被送到一个小村庄之前的培训(training)。故选D。 30．A.regularly B．desperately C．hardly D．helplessly 解析　B　考查副词词义辨析。句意：完成培训后，我被派往一个小村庄，那里迫切需要宿舍。A.regularly有规律地；B.desperately迫切地；C.hardly几乎不；D.helplessly无助地。根据下文“I was asked to a small team of local people in building a new schoolhouse.”可知，作者被要求带领一小队当地人建造一所新校舍，推知，当地迫切(desperately)需要宿舍。故选B。 31．A.convince B．lead C．represent D．undertake 解析　B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被要求带领一小队当地人建造一所新校舍。A.convince说服；B.lead带领；C.represent代表；D.undertake承担。根据上文“I managed to among the candidates and survive the test alone.”以及“After completing my ”可知，作者申请项目时，从候选人中脱颖而出，独自通过考试，然后又经过了培训，推知，作者非常优秀，被要求带领(lead)当地人建造新校舍。故选B。 32．A.studied B．survived C．supported D．taught 解析　D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来的一年左右，我在同一所学校教书。A.studied研究；B.survived幸存；C.supported支持；D.taught教。根据下文“But I sometimes thought I learned more from my than they did from me.”可知，作者觉得自己从学生身上学到的比他们从作者身上学到的更多，推知，作者在学校教书(taught)。故选D。 33．A.villagers B．colleagues C．students D．competitors 解析　C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：但有时我觉得我从学生身上学到的比他们从我身上学到的更多。A.villagers村民；B.colleagues同事；C.students学生；D.competitors竞争对手。根据上文“For the next year or so, I in that same schoolhouse”可知，作者在同一所学校教书，推知，此处指作者从自己的学生(students)那里学到更多。故选C。 34．A.unusual B．similar C．cruel D．familiar 解析　A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那段时间的某个时候，我意识到所有那些对我来说很奇怪或不寻常的事情都不足为奇了，尽管我在当地语言方面没有取得任何进展，我仍以另一个姿态返回到了美国。A.unusual不寻常的；B.similar相像的；C.cruel残酷的；D.familiar熟悉的。根据下文“The Lighthouse Project had changed my forever.” 可知，灯塔项目改变了作者的生活，此处指，作者经历了灯塔项目的锻炼，原来感到奇怪或不寻常(unusual)的事情都不足为奇了。故选A。 35．A.character B．experience C．life D．interest 解析　C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：灯塔项目改变了我的生活。A.character性格；B.experience经验；C.life生活；D.interest兴趣。根据上文“Sometime during that period, I realized that all those things that had seemed so strange or to me no longer did”可知，作者意识到所有那些对他来说很奇怪或不寻常的事情都不足为奇了，经历了该项目的锻炼，作者改变了自己的生活(life)。故选C。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 E­books are lighter and more convenient 36. (carry) than paper books, but there may be disadvantages compared with paper books. I received a Kindle e­book reader for my birthday, as I enjoy “light reading”．In addition to the science articles 37. I have to read for work, I immediately filled it with mysteries by my favourite authors.But I soon found that I had difficulty in 38. (remember)the names of characters from chapter to chapter.At first, I thought it was 39. I was getting older—but then I discovered that I didn't have this problem 40. I read paper books. When I discussed this with my friends and colleagues, I found I wasn't the only one 41. suffered from “e­book moment”．Online, I 42. (discover) that Google's Larry Page himself had concerns about research 43. (show) that on­screen reading is slower than reading on paper. This seems like a particularly troubling trend for scientists, 44. e­books are slowly taking the place of the heavy books that they usually have to carry.On many levels, e­books seem better than paper books.But some studies suggest that there may be important advantages in paper books 45. your goal is to remember what you read for a long time. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章通过比较说明了纸质书和电子书的不同。 36．解析　to carry　考查非谓语动词。句意：电子书比纸质书更轻，更方便携带，但与纸质书相比可能有缺点。此处是“主语＋be＋ adj.＋to do”结构，句子的主语就是动词不定式的宾语，主动表示被动。故填to carry。 37．解析　that/which　考查定语从句。句意：除了我工作中必须阅读的科学文章外，我还立刻在书中写满了我最喜欢的作家写的神秘故事。所填词引导定语从句，先行词为the science articles，关系词在从句中作宾语，指物。故填that/which。 38．解析　remembering　考查动名词作宾语。句意：但我很快就发现，我很难记住每一章人物的名字。固定搭配：have difficulty(in)doing sth“做某事有困难”，其中动名词作宾语。故填remembering。 39．解析　because　考查原因状语从句。句意：起初，我以为这是因为我变老了，但后来我发现，当我读纸质书时，我没有这个问题。此处是because引导的原因状语从句。故填because。 40．解析　when/while/as　考查时间状语从句。句意：起初，我以为这是因为我变老了，但后来我发现，当我读纸质书时，我没有这个问题。此处指“当我读纸质书时，我没有这个问题”，所以是含时间状语从句的复合句，由从属连词when，while或as引导。故填when/while/as。 41．解析　that/who　考查定语从句。句意：当我与朋友和同事讨论这个问题时，我发现我并不是唯一一个遭受“电子书时刻”困扰的人。 分析句子结构， suffered from “e­book moment”是一个定语从句，先行词是the only one，指人，关系词在从句中作主语。故填that/who。 42．解析　discovered　考查一般过去时。句意：在网上，我发现谷歌的拉里•佩奇本人也对一项研究表示担忧，该研究表明，在屏幕上阅读比在纸上阅读要慢。此处表示过去发生的动作，所以用一般过去时。故填discovered。 43．解析　showing　考查现在分词作后置定语。句意：在网上，我发现谷歌的拉里•佩奇本人也对一项研究表示担忧，该研究表明，在屏幕上阅读比在纸上阅读要慢。research与show之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填showing。 44．解析　where　考查定语从句。句意：对于科学家来说，这似乎是一个特别令人不安的趋势，因为电子书正在慢慢取代他们通常必须携带的沉重书籍。此处trend为先行词，并且关系词在从句中作抽象地点状语。故填where。 45．解析　if　考查条件状语从句。句意：但一些研究表明，如果你的目标是长时间记住你所阅读的内容，纸质书可能有重要的优势。此处是if引导的条件状语从句。故填if。 第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 假设你是高中生李华，目前所在的高中正在倡导全校学生每天读报半小时。请你结合以下要点用英语写一篇文章，谈一谈读报的好处，并发表在你校英文报上。 1．了解时事，丰富知识； 2．培养思维，有利于以后的工作和发展； 3．读报可以是一种爱好，可以给读者带来快乐。 注意： 1.词数：80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 [参考范文] There are many reasons why high school students should be encouraged to read newspapers for half an hour every day. To start with, it is a good way for us to know what is happening at home and abroad and we can learn a lot from the newspapers.In addition, reading newspapers can develop the students' thinking and help us make wise decisions about particular events, which will benefit our future careers and development.At last, just like many other hobbies, reading newspapers is great fun and a good way to make good use of our spare time. So, why don't we begin to read newspapers half an hour every day? 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料， 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I worked from the time when I was four and raised seven children, all of whom were college graduates.It seemed I'd done everything I'd ever wanted to do in my life, but I had one regret.I was born in 1898, the oldest of five kids.Papa couldn't spare the money to make me go to school, so I worked in the fields with him till I was 21 years old. Everywhere I went, I learned some hard lessons about what happens to a man who even can't read the alphabet.People cheat you out of wages.They sell you a ticket to one city, take your money and hand you a ticket to somewhere else. By 1928, I'd been wandering for nine years.I met a woman named Elzenia.We fell in love, married and moved to Dallas, where I got work—fixing roads for the city.When Amelia, the oldest of our seven children, first went to school, I took my wife aside.“Elzenia，” I said, “I don't want the kids to know I can't read or write.” In 1938, one day my boss called me in.“George，” he said, “no one knows those machines like you do.I'd like to promote you.” But my thrill and surprise were cut short when he said, “Fill out this application and we'll get you a raise.” I couldn't admit the truth.I thanked him and walked out of his office.I did stay right where I was, until I turned 65 and my boss made me retire.But I didn't stop working.For the next 25 years, I lived a happy life, but it still seemed to me like something was missing. One day, a young fellow handed me a piece of paper.It's information about adult education classes, where people can learn to read and write.I thought of my friends and neighbors and what they might think if they found out I couldn't read.After all these years, my secret would be out.But all my life I've wanted to read.It was high time for action. 注意：(1)续写词数应为150左右； (2)请按如下格式作答。 The young man drove me to a huge building. I'm still going to school. [参考范文] The young man drove me to a huge building.He led me into a spacious classroom, which was crowded with elderly people like me.Through chatting, I learned that they had all been longing to read and write but never had the chance to go to school.As the bell rang, in came the teacher, a woman well past forty.After a warm and brief greeting, we started our lesson.First we learned to read the alphabet and though I made mistakes at times, no one laughed at me.Everyone helped each other kindly. I'm still going to school.Though faced with the most challenging event of my life, I'm full of courage and confidence.With the generous help of my teacher, friends and my children, I have made huge progress in study.Now I'm never shy about admitting the truth that once I was not able to read and write at all.Besides, I'm eager to encourage more elderly people to attend the adult education classes, because it's never too late to learn. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $