Unit 4 Section Ⅲ Extended reading & Project &Assessment & Further study-(配套练习)【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册(译林版)

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Online master gardener programs allow you to learn more about plants and gardening.Some of them can also provide certification to those who wish to benefit their community in broader ways. Advanced Permaculture Design * Price: About $ 495(Plus $ 60 registration free)． * Experience Level: Suitable for experienced learners. * Reasons: If you are looking for something more in­depth, then these courses offer more advanced instruction in permaculture. * Advantages: Opportunity to advance skills in permaculture; aid in professional development. * Disadvantages: Not suitable for beginners. Garden Tutor * Price: Free. * Experience Level: Suitable for beginners. * Reasons: This course is free and it is suitable for beginners. * Advantages: Completely free of charge; suitable for complete learners. * Disadvantages: No route to certification; simpler and less comprehensive than paid courses. Cornell Gardener Program * Price: About $675 for a six­week organic gardening course. * Experience Level: Suitable for beginners through to more experienced gardeners. * Reasons: This is one of our top picks because of the institution's excellent reputation. * Advantages: Focus on organic, eco­friendly gardening, flexible online learning; small class sizes. * Disadvantages: Costly option; full master gardener certification only available to local residents. Skillshare Gardening Courses * Price: Low prices which vary in courses. * Experience Level: Suitable for beginners. * Reasons: These courses offer various opportunities to learn more about gardening.If gardening is a hobby, taking one or more of them could be a great alternative to a full maste gardener program. * Advantages: Affordable; flexible online schedules. * Disadvantages: No route to certification. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文，文章介绍了四个网上园艺课程。 1．Which of the following online programs charges nothing? A．Advanced Permaculture Design. B．Garden Tutor. C．Cornell Gardener Program. D．Skillshare Gardening Courses. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据第二则广告中的“* Price: Free.(价格：免费。)”可知，“Garden Tutor”是面对初学者的，且完全免费。故选B。 2．What makes Cornell Gardener Program different from others? A．It only offers a short­term course. B．It doesn't charge any registration fee. C．It is known for environmental protection. D．It is intended for learners of different levels. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第三则广告中的“* Experience Level: Suitable for beginners through to more experienced gardeners.(经验等级：适合初学者到更有经验的园丁。)”并对比其他课程可知Advanced Permaculture Design只适合有经验的园丁；Garden Tutor和Skillshare Gardening Courses只适合初学者；由此可知“Cornell Gardener Program”的特别之处是适合各层次的人。故选D。 3．What may Skillshare Gardening Courses attract beginners most? A．Its teaching method. B．Its route to certification. C．Its flexible online schedules. D．Its experienced masters. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第四则广告中的“Advantages: Affordable; flexible online schedules Gardening Courses.(优点：实惠；灵活的在线计划。)”可知，Skillshare园艺课程最吸引初学者的是课程的时间非常灵活。故选C。 B The chasm (鸿沟) separating Garang Piol from his dream of attending Cape Town University, the top university of Africa, in 2018 was wide.The former soldier from the Republic of South Sudan needed money to pay tuition. In the years after the war's ending in 2005, he had worked as an electrician in a school where he found a chance at education.Later, he worked for Atlanta's Carter Center in South Sudan, helping root out Guinea worm disease.His salary paid for his living expenses and for his education at the Catholic University of Eastern Africa in Kenya, where he earned a degree in sustainable development. David Stobbelaar was in charge of the Carter Center in South Sudan in 2008 when Garang was assigned to his team.Stobbelaar says Garang impressed Carter Center staff with his intelligence, organization and communication abilities.The two became good friends over years and Garang told Stobbelaar his experience of being a soldier. When Stobbelaar was talking in 2015 to Dickstein Hughes, a friend who is a teacher, she was leading her 10th grade English class through a book, A Long Way Gone: Memoirs of a Soldier.“I was talking to David about some of my concerns and bringing my students closer to the humanity of the memoir, and he suggested that he could connect me with a former soldier，” she said. Garang soon was answering questions via Internet from the students.His talk was so impactful that Dickstein Hughes continued contacting him for the next three years, became Garang's friend and came to know of his hopes of coming to Cape Town University for more schooling.Recommended by Dickstein Hughes, Garang was accepted at Cape Town, but the money became the sticking point.Thus Dickstein Hughes and her class started a GoFundMe account, went door to door and held fundraisers.“Life has challenged him time and time again, and Garang has proved himself time and time again.” Dickstein Hughes said. Now Garang is one year into earning master's degrees at Cape Town in international development and public health.He is anxious to return home and recreate the process that changed him.“I hope to change the life of others ─ to help them know they have a future，” Garang said. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是来自南苏丹共和国的前士兵加朗·皮奥尔(Garang Piol)通过参加一些工作和朋友的帮助来支付学费的求学经历。 4．What is the text mainly about? A．A chasm separated a Sudanese soldier from his dream. B．A Sudanese soldier fulfilled his dream with the help of friends. C．A Sudanese soldier realized his dream by telling his stories. D．A former Sudanese soldier hopes to change the life of others. 解析　B　主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第二段的“Recommended by Dickstein Hughes, Garang was accepted at Cape Town, but the money became the sticking point.Thus Dickstein Hughes and her class started a GoFundMe account, went door to door and held fundraisers.‘Life has challenged him time and time again, and Garang has proved himself time and time again.’ Dickstein Hughes said.(在Dickstein Hughes的推荐下，加朗被开普敦大学录取，但钱成了症结所在。因此，Dickstein Hughes和她的班级开设了一个GoFundMe账户，挨家挨户地进行筹款活动。‘生活一次又一次地向他挑战，加朗一次又一次地证明了自己。’迪克斯坦休斯说。)”可知，本文主要讲的是来自南苏丹共和国的前士兵Garang Piol通过参加一些工作和朋友的帮助来支付学费的求学经历，即A Sudanese soldier fulfilled his dream with the help of friends。故选B。 5．What does the author intend to tell us about Garang in paragraph 2? A．He went to school in 2005. B．He managed to get more schooling. C．He did different jobs to make money. D．He made contributions in rooting out Guinea worm disease. 解析　B　推理判断题。根据第二段的“In the years after the war's ending in 2005, he had worked as an electrician in a school where he found a chance at education...His salary paid for his living expenses and for his education at the Catholic University of Eastern Africa in Kenya, where he earned a degree in sustainable development.(在2005年战争结束后的几年里，他曾在一所学校当电工，在那里他找到了接受教育的机会……他的工资支付了他在肯尼亚东非天主教大学(Catholic University of Eastern Africa)的生活费和教育费用，并在那里获得了可持续发展学位。)”可知，作者在第二段主要是想告诉我们Garang设法接受了更多的教育。故选B。 6．Why did Garang's friends like to help him? A．He used to be a soldier. B．He communicated with friends via Internet. C．He received high level education. D．His behavior impressed friends deeply. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据第三段的“Stobbelaar says Garang impressed Carter Center staff with his intelligence, organization and communication abilities.(Stobbelaar说，加朗的智慧、组织和沟通能力给卡特中心的工作人员留下了深刻印象。)”可推断出，加朗的朋友喜欢帮助他是因为他的行为给朋友们留下了深刻的印象。故选D。 7．What does the underlined part “sticking point” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Disadvantage.　 　　 B．Mistake. C．Difficulty. D．Disappointment. 解析　C　词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段的“Thus Dickstein Hughes and her class started a GoFundMe account, went door to door and held fundraisers.(因此，Dickstein Hughes和她的班级开设了一个GoFundMe账户，挨家挨户地进行筹款活动。)”可知，进行筹款肯定是因为Garang需要钱，因此画线词所在的句子的意思是“钱成了困难所在”，画线词的意思是“困难”，即Difficulty。故选C。 Ⅱ.语法填空 Scientists showed the first­ever photograph of a black hole on April 10, 2019.The photo 1. (show) at press conferences held at the same time in Shanghai, Taipei, Tokyo, Washington DC, Brussels and Santiago.In the image, a central dark region is surrounded by a ring of light that looks 2. (bright) on one side than the other side. The photo is the product of observations 3. (make) in April 2017 by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT)．The EHT is 4. global network of telescopes.Over 200 5. (research) were involved in the project.In their more than a decade's attempt 6. (capture) an image of a black hole, scientists combined the power of eight radio telescopes around the world.This 7. (effective) creates a virtual telescope around the same size as the Earth itself. This image reveals the black hole at the center of Messier 87 (M87), a massive galaxy in the nearby Virgo galaxy cluster(室女星系团)．This black hole lies about 55 million lightyears from the Earth and its mass is 6.5 billion times 8. of the sun. “We have seen what we thought was unseeable，” said Sheperd Doeleman, a Harward astronomer and project director of the EHT.It closely resembles what astronomers have expected, based on Einstein's general theory of relativity.Since Einstein published this theory in 1915, 9. first predicted the existence of black holes, no one really 10. (see) what it looks like.This captured image is the first direct visual evidence that black hole exist. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了人类史上第一张黑洞照片。 1．解析　was shown　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这张照片同时在上海、台北、东京、华盛顿、布鲁塞尔和圣地亚哥同时举行的新闻发布会上展出。根据上文的“on April 10, 2019 ”及本句中的“at the same time”可知，句子用一般过去时，主语The photo和动词show之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是名词单数，be动词用was。故填was shown。 2．解析　brighter　考查形容词比较级。句意：在图像中，一个中央的黑暗区域被一个光圈所包围，这个光圈的一边看起来比另一边更亮。根据than可知，此处用形容词比较级。故填brighter。 3．解析　made　考查过去分词。句意：这张照片是EHT在2017年4月观测到的。动词make和observations之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填made。 4．解析　a　考查不定冠词。句意：EHT是一个全球性的望远镜网络。此处泛指“一个全球性的望远镜网络”，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 5．解析　researchers　考查名词复数。句意：超过200名研究人员参与了这个项目。结合句意可知，此处应用表示人的名词作主语，researcher研究者，是可数名词，此处应用复数形式。故填researchers。 6．解析　to capture　考查动词不定式。句意：在长达十多年的捕捉黑洞图像的尝试中，科学家们综合了世界各地8架射电望远镜的力量。此处应用动词不定式作定语，修饰名词attempt。故填to capture。 7．解析　effectively　考查副词。句意：这有效地创造了一个与地球本身大小相同的虚拟望远镜。修饰动词creates应用副词形式。故填effectively。 8．解析　that　考查代词。句意：这个黑洞距离地球约5500万光年，其质量是太阳的65亿倍。此处是倍数表达法“A＋倍数＋the＋名词(size, length...)＋of B”，空处用that指代the mass。故填that。 9．解析　which　考查非限制性定语从句。句意：自从爱因斯坦1915年发表这一理论，首次预测黑洞的存在以来，没有人真正看到过它是什么样子。分析句子可知，空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是theory，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导。故填which。 10．解析　has seen　考查现在完成时。句意：自从爱因斯坦1915年发表这一理论，首次预测黑洞的存在以来，没有人真正看到过它是什么样子。根据since引导的时间状语从句可知，主句应用现在完成时，主语是代词no one，助动词用has。故填has seen。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $