Unit 2 单元达标检测-(配套练习)【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册(译林版)

[本卷满分120分，考试用时100分钟] 第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A When drama teacher Chelsie King asked students in her school to come up with a way for her husband to go around the block in his wheelchair with their newborn, they were up for the challenge. Chelsie's husband, Jeremy, underwent brain surgery three years ago, and since then it has been difficult for him to keep his balance.“He wanted to be able to safely hold his baby, but there's just really not a ton of resources out there for disabled parents，” Chelsie said.She works at the Bullis School in Germantown, Maryland, and asked her colleague Matt Zigler, who teaches the “Making for Social Good” class, for assistance. In this course, students learn and design products to help people.The 10 high school students were excited to come up with something that could attach to the wheelchair Jeremy uses.They spoke with the Kings about their needs, conducted research on infant car seats and how they are installed, and then drafted 3D models of their designs.“I really feel the students took all my concerns to heart when creating the prototypes(原型)，” Jeremy said.Two projects were selected for the students to make—one that connected an infant car seat to Jeremy's wheelchair and another that attaches an entire stroller(折叠婴儿车)to the wheelchair. When they were done making the attachments, the students put the instructions online to help even more people.A few weeks later, the Kings went out with the car seat attachment, and found it worked perfectly.The students were excited to learn that their creation was a hit.“I feel fortunate to have been able to take a class that has allowed me to truly make a difference in someone's life, ” said Zlotnitsky. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Chelsie King为了让自己的残疾丈夫和小婴儿能够无障碍地在小区里行动，向自己的学生们请求帮助，学生们积极参加并且最终很好地完成了这个任务。 1．What happened to King's husband Jeremy? A．He had a brain operation. B．He could safely hold his baby easily. C．He got a job at school in Germantown. D．He had to make his wheelchair himself. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据第二段的“Chelsie's husband, Jeremy, underwent brain surgery three years ago, and since then it has been difficult for him to keep his balance.(Chelsie的丈夫Jeremy三年前接受了脑部手术，从那时候起，他就很难保持平衡了。)”可知，King的丈夫做了脑部手术。故选A。 2．Why did high school students speak with the Kings? A．To print 3D models of their designs. B．To help the Kings fix baby car seats. C．To connect something to Jeremy's wheelchair. D．To know about the Kings' practical requirements. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第三段的“They spoke with the Kings about their needs, conducted research on infant(供婴儿使用的)car seats and how they are installed, and then drafted 3D models of their designs.(他们与King夫妇讨论了他们的需求，对婴儿汽车座椅及其安装方式进行了研究，然后草拟了他们设计的3D模型。)”可知，学生们与King夫妇谈论了他们的实际需要。故选D。 3．What can we know about the students from the last paragraph? A．Their design was a great success. B．They discussed and designed two projects. C．They were crazy about wheelchair models. D．They taught more people to make car seats online. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据最后一段的“A few weeks later, the Kings went out with the car seat attachment, and found it worked perfectly.The students were excited to learn that their creation was a hit.(几个星期后，King夫妇带着汽车安全座椅出门，发现它非常好用。当学生们得知他们的作品大获成功时，都很兴奋。)”可知，学生们的设计很成功。故选A。 B When I was six, on my first day in an American classroom, my classmates and the teacher suddenly stood up, put their hands over their hearts, and started reading the Pledge of Allegiance(效忠誓言)．It marked the beginning of a fascination with what I eventually learned to call culture. That fascination deepened in college, where I majored in Russian and learned everything I could about the country.Then I won a chance to study community theater in Irkutsk.When you're involved in a different culture, you start wondering everything about it.So I developed a habit of exploring them whenever in an unfamiliar situation.Culture offered the chance to see the world.Culture also, at least partially, led me to WWF. Four years later, I moved to Alaska.WWF's Alaska office was looking for someone who could speak Russian.They hired me.I've been with WWF ever since.As WWF's Arctic and Bering Sea program officer, I connect the dots between polar bears, climate change and communities.I lead WWF's efforts to help polar bears and other Arctic marine mammals coexist alongside people. While I picked up some environmental knowledge when volunteering with a conservation group in Siberia, I learned loads about Arctic ecosystems and species, especially through translating.My ability to move between cultures has proved just as critical to my work at WWF as my technical expertise.The people who live and work in the Arctic represent many backgrounds and opinions—Alaska native communities, government agencies, activists, people with different nationalities.You can't do conservation work here without recognizing the cultural barriers those differences can create. I work with Alaska native communities in the remotest parts of the state to help them find solutions to human­polar bear conflict.But when I first go into a community, I never start by talking about “human­polar bear conflict”．Instead, I ask them what's happening with polar bears in their village.And I listen.We can work together to find solutions.I also rely on Alaska native people to help me share those solutions with other Alaska native communities. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的语言学习经历和工作经历。作者主修过俄语，以前在俄罗斯学过戏剧，这使得作者获得了去世界自然基金会工作的机会。通过自己的学习和工作经历，作者意识到学习其他语言和文化的重要性。 4．Why did the author go to Irkutsk? A．To learn Russian. B．To learn community theater. C．To help polar bears. D．To join WWF. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“Then I won a chance to study community theater in Irkutsk.(后来我赢得了一个在伊尔库茨克学习社区戏剧的机会。)”可知，作者去伊尔库茨克是为了学习社区戏剧。故选B。 5．What is one of the author's duties as a WWF's officer? A．To study Arctic ecosystems. B．To set up wildlife reserves. C．To collect money for Arctic animals. D．To help people live in harmony with animals. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“As WWF's Arctic and Bering Sea program officer, I connect the dots between polar bears, climate change and communities.I lead WWF's efforts to help polar bears and other Arctic marine mammals coexist alongside people.(作为世界自然基金会的北极和白令海项目官员，我把北极熊、气候变化和社区联系起来。我领导世界自然基金会努力帮助北极熊和其他北极海洋哺乳动物与人类共存。)”可知，努力帮助北极熊和其他北极海洋哺乳动物与人类共存是作者的工作职责。故选D。 6．What does paragraph 4 intend to show? A．The benefits of volunteering. B．How to get along with different people. C．How to study environmental problems. D．The importance of learning other cultures. 解析　D　推理判断题。通过阅读文章第四段内容可知，第四段内容“My ability to move between cultures has proved just as critical to my work at WWF as my technical expertise.(事实证明，我在不同文化间交流的能力对我在世界自然基金会的工作和我的技术专长同样重要。)”以及末尾句内容“You can't do conservation work here without recognizing the cultural barriers those differences can create.(在这里，你不可能在没有认识到这些差异所造成的文化障碍的情况下进行保护工作。)”揭示了作者在该段要表达的意图，即，作者想强调学习其他国家的文化、跨文化交际能力的重要性。故选D。 7．Which is the author's measure to help communities solve human­polar bear conflict? A．Asking locals for situations first. B．Living in the local communities. C．Stressing the need to protect polar bears. D．Talking about human­polar bear conflict directly. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据文章末尾段内容“Instead, I ask them what's happening with polar bears in their village.And I listen.We can work together to find solutions.I also rely on Alaska native people to help me share those solutions with other Alaska native communities.(相反，我问他们村子里的北极熊怎么样了。然后我倾听。我们可以共同努力找到解决方案。我也依靠阿拉斯加原住民帮助我与其他阿拉斯加原住民社区分享这些解决方案。)”可知，在处理人与北极熊冲突的问题上，作者会先询问当地的村民村子里的北极熊的情况，倾听，然后共同找到解决方案。故选A。 C A search of Chinese social media produces almost no posts on the subject: shutdown­related concerns expressed by Chinese are primarily about the safety of themselves, family and friends; change of lifestyle; boredom and the resulting social conflict due to close and extended interaction time while simultaneously managing work, childcare and household tasks.A review of China's academic literature likewise produces no articles. This may seem strange.Shouldn't the group­oriented Chinese have more social­distancing anxiety than Americans, not less? To give a little background: Individuals in both Western and Eastern societies have social needs, which we meet in a variety of ways.However, our “go­to” strategies do tend to differ.In the more individualistic West, we love our families, of course, but tend to rely heavily on friendship as well­on elective ties reflecting “who we really are.” Beneficial to personal growth, these friendships can develop into “chosen families”． But these relationships depend on subtle in­person interaction, which, unfortunately, is made difficult by social distancing.Cornell researchers Duyen Nguyen and Susan Fussel have shown that compared with the Chinese, Americans rely more on nonverbal behavioral cues such as head turns, facial expressions and eye contact to support communication. We can also be more skittish(反复无常的)—more likely, for example, to owe a lack of affirmative (肯定的) body language to a lack of interest or involvement.As these sorts of subtle behavioral cues are poorly conveyed by electronic media, Americans now reliant on Zoom or Face Time can find it hard to maintain a sense of connection with others. In contrast, people in more collective societies like China tend to meet their social needs with given or blood ties－with family or schoolmates, for example.Indeed, the lab run by one of us recently found that Asians can get a sense of closeness from almost any kind of social exchange, including talking about the weather.A sense of connection is thus easily maintained even during long periods of social distancing. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章关于通过新冠疫情下的社会隔离制度给东西方人带来焦虑的不同，引出了东西方社会交流、人际关系的不同点及东西方为维持较为紧密的社交联系所采用的方法及偏好的不同点。 8．What subject did the author search for on the Chinese social media? A．Change of lifestyle. B．Social­distancing anxiety. C．Social conflicts. D．Close interaction time. 解析　B　推理判断题。根据第一段“A search of Chinese social media produces almost no posts on the subject: shutdown­related concerns expressed by Chinese are primarily about the safety of themselves, family and friends; change of lifestyle; boredom and the resulting social conflict due to close and extended interaction time while simultaneously managing work, childcare and household tasks.(在中国社交媒体上搜索一下，几乎找不到关于这个话题的帖子：中国人表达的与隔离有关的担忧主要是关于他们自己、家人和朋友的安全；生活方式的改变；无聊和由此产生的社会冲突，这是由于同时管理工作、育儿和家务的亲密和延长的互动时间)”以及第二段中“This may seem strange.Shouldn't the group­oriented Chinese have more social­distancing anxiety than Americans, not less? (这可能看起来很奇怪。以群体为导向的中国人不应该比美国人更有社交距离焦虑吗？)”可推知，作者在中国社交媒体上搜索的主题是社会距离的焦虑。故选B。 9．Which of the following is true about Westerners? A．They rely heavily on body language in communication. B．They stay connected with others easily through Zoom. C．They value their family members more than friends. D．They get a sense of closeness from any kind of social exchange. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Cornell researchers Duyen Nguyen and Susan Fussel have shown that compared with the Chinese, Americans rely more on nonverbal behavioral cues such as head turns, facial expressions and eye contact to support communication.(康奈尔大学的研究人员Duyen Nguyen和Susan Fussel发现，与中国人相比，美国人更多地依赖于非语言行为线索，如转头、面部表情和眼神交流来支持交流)”可知，关于西方人的说法中，A选项“他们在交流中严重依赖肢体语言”正确。故选A。 10．What is the probable nationality of the author? A．Chinese. 　 B．British. C．American. D．Japanese. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据第二段中“In the more individualistic West, we love our families, of course, but tend to rely heavily on friendship as well­on elective ties reflecting “who we really are.”(在更加个人主义的西方，我们当然爱我们的家庭，但也倾向于严重依赖友谊和反映“我们真正是谁”的选择性关系)”可知，谈及“west”时作者用的人称为“we”，所以首先排除选项中的日本和中国两个亚洲国家，且又因为全文分析比较时只出现了美国这一个国家，也即站在作者本国，即美国的立场上与东方进行比较，故推知作者是美国人。故选C。 11．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．What we can do to solve the shut­down related concerns. B．How social media influence westerners' communication. C．What social distancing reveals about East­West differences. D．How Chinese meet their social needs in times of social distancing. 解析　C　主旨大意题。根据第二段中“This may seem strange.Shouldn't the group­oriented Chinese have more social­distancing anxiety than Americans, not less? To give a little background: Individuals in both Western and Eastern societies have social needs, which we meet in a variety of ways.(这可能看起来很奇怪。以群体为导向的中国人不应该比美国人更有社交距离焦虑吗？给大家一点背景知识：东西方社会的个人都有社会需求，我们以各种方式满足这些需求)”结合作者以“社交距离”这一事件为契机，向读者比较说明了东西方文化中关于人际交流、社会关系的不同点。可知，这篇文章主要讲了社交距离揭示了东西方的差异。故选C。 D While many of us may have been away somewhere nice last summer, few would say that we've “summered”．“Summer” is clearly a noun, more precisely, a verbed noun. Way back in our childhood, we all learned the difference between a noun and a verb.With such a tidy definition, it was easy to spot the difference.Not so in adulthood, where we are expected to “foot” bills, “chair” committees, and “dialogue” with political opponents.Chances are you didn't feel uncomfortable about the sight of those verbed nouns. “The verbing of nouns is as old as the English language，” says Patricia O'Conner, a former editor at The New York Times Book Review.Experts estimate that 20 percent of all English verbs were originally nouns.And the phenomenon seems to be snowballing.Since 1900, about 40 percent of all new verbs have come from nouns. Even though conversion (转化) is quite universal, plenty of grammarians object to the practice.William Strunk Jr.and E．B.White, in The Elements of Style — the Bible for the use of American English — have this to say: “Many nouns lately have been pressed into service as verbs.Not all are bad, but all are suspect.” The Chicago Manual of Style takes a similar standpoint, advising writers to use verbs with great care. “Sometimes people object to a new verb because they resist what is unfamiliar to them，” says O'Conner.That's why we're comfortable “hosting” a party, but we might feel upset by the thought of “medaling” in sports.So are there any rules for verbing? Benjamin Dreyer, copy chief at Random House, doesn't offer a rule, but suggests that people think twice about “verbifying” a noun if it's easily replaceable by an already existing popular verb.Make sure it's descriptive but not silly­sounding, he says. In the end, however, style is subjective.Easy conversion of nouns to verbs has been part of English grammar for centuries; it is one of the processes that make English “English.” Not every coinage (新创的词语) passes into general use, but as for trying to end verbing altogether, forget it. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。主要内容是英语语言中“名词动用”的语言现象，据专家估计20%的英语动词原本是名词，但大多数专家对“名词动用”这类名词的使用持有谨慎态度。也有人反对新动词，因为他们抗拒自己不熟悉的东西。文章就此展开了讨论。 12．What can we learn about the verbing of nouns? A．It hasn't recently been opposed by many grammarians. B．It is more commonly accepted by children than adults. C．It hasn't been a rare phenomenon in the past century. D．It is easily replaced by existing verbs in practice. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据第三段的“Since 1900, about 40 percent of all new verbs have come from nouns.(自1900年以来，大约40%的新动词来自名词)”可知，我们知道在过去的一个世纪里，名词动用并不是罕见的现象。故选C。 13．What is most leading experts' attitude towards the practice of the verbing of nouns? A．Cautious.　　　 B．Satisfied. C．Disappointed. D．Unconcerned. 解析　A　推理判断题。根据第四段的“Not all are bad, but all are suspect.(不是所有的都是坏的，但所有的都是可疑的)”和“The Chicago Manual of Style takes a similar standpoint, advising writers to use verbs with great care.(《芝加哥文体手册》也持类似观点，建议作者小心使用动词)”可知，对于名词动用的用法，大多数的专家持谨慎的态度。故选A。 14．What does the author think of ending the verbing of nouns? A．Predictable. B．Practicable. C．Approaching. D．Impossible. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Not every coinage (新创的词语) passes into general use, but as for trying to end verbing altogether, forget it.(并不是所有的造词都被广泛使用，但是想要完全停止动词的使用，还是算了吧)”可知，作者认为结束名词动用用法的使用是不可能的。故选D。 15．What is the best title for the text? A．Are 40 Percent of all new verbs from nouns? B．Are Summering and Medaling Annoying? C．Are You Comfortable about a New Verb? D．Are There Any Rules for Verbing? 解析　B　主旨大意题。通读全文以及文章的可知，英语语言中“名词动用”的语言现象，据专家估计20%的英语动词原本是名词，但大多数专家对“名词动用”这类名词的使用持有谨慎态度，但是完全杜绝这类词的使用又是不可能的。也有人反对新动词，因为他们抗拒自己不熟悉的东西，用正反两个观点来说明这类名词动用的语言现象是否受人欢迎，故引用文章中的名词动用的两个词Summering和Medaling来进行概括，故B选项(Summering和Medaling很讨厌吗？)可以作为本文标题。故选B。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to improve social skills? Different people have different opinions.Social skills are an essential part of life but are not always easy to perfect.Improving takes time and some trial and error. Select specific skills to improve Don't try to improve all of your social skills at once. 16 After you feel comfortable in your understanding of body language, you might read a guide on small talk and practice that next. 17 Talk with people while carrying out daily activities at school，work or at any other place.Communication is powerful and as you enter into more conversations, you will become more experienced in chatting. Be relaxed and confident around people 18 You can help grow this feeling by building your sense of self­worth and finding your inner­strength.Remind yourself that you are a very special and worthwhile person. Choose specific goals and work towards them Trying to improve your social skills is such a broad goal that it is hard to see progress towards it and it is easy to get discouraged. 19 For instance，you might decide “I want to successfully join a conversation at a party.” Find people who share the same interests with you Why do you think you see a lot of friends are people who share something in common? For example, the basketball group, the football group, the video games group. 20 So if you love football then talk about football.This is how most friendships start off. A．Join in conversations. B．You might buy a book on body language and work on that first. C．Instead, pick a goal that is challenging but able to do and specific. D．People love to be around with humorous people. E．Refer to social skills books and guides. F．People like it when you are comfortable with yourself. G．Generally, those who share the same interests are more likely to become friends. [语篇解读]　本文属于说明文。如何提高我们的社交技能呢？不同的人有不同的观点，本文列举了以下做法，如挑选特定的技能加以提高，加入谈话中，在人们面前要放松和自信，选定特定目标并为之努力和找到有共同兴趣的人。 16．解析　B　下文“After you feel comfortable in your understanding of body language, you might read a guide on small talk and practice that next.(在你对肢体语言的理解感到舒服之后，你可以阅读一篇关于闲聊的指南，然后进行练习。)”可知，你应该会阅读一篇小谈话的指南，然后练习，因此此处应引出下文内容“阅读指南并练习”。有前后顺序，B项“You might buy a book on body language and work on that first.”(你应该会购买一本关于身体语言的书，并且着手开始练习)，引出下文，符合语境。故选B。 17．解析　A　下文“Communication is powerful and as you enter into more conversations, you will become more experienced in chatting.(交流是强大的，当你加入更多的对话，你会在聊天中变得更有经验。)”可知，沟通是强大的，当你加入更多的对话中，你会在聊天中变得更有经验。根据上下文文意可知，此处应填小标题以概括后面一段，A项“加入对话”，概括了下文的主题，符合语境。故选A。 18．解析　F　下文“You can help grow this feeling by building your sense of self­worth and finding your inner­strength.(你可以通过建立自我价值感和找到内在的力量来帮助培养这种感觉。)”可知，你可以通过建立自我认同感和找到自己的内在优势来帮助你增强这种感觉，而F项指明了这种感觉是you are comfortable with yourself，意为“你对自己感到满意”，符合语境，故选F。 19．解析　C　上文“Trying to improve your social skills is such a broad goal that it is hard to see progress towards it and it is easy to get discouraged.(努力提高你的社交技能是一个很宽泛的目标，很难看到它的进展，而且很容易泄气。)”说明，试图提高你的社交技能是一个如此广泛的目标以至于你很难看到它的进展并且它很容易使你灰心丧气。此处应提出相反的观点论证主题“选择特定的目标并向它们努力”，C项“相反，选择一个具有挑战性但能够做到的具体目标”，承接上文，符合语境。故选C。 20．解析　G　下文“So if you love football then talk about football.This is how most friendships start off.(所以如果你喜欢足球，那就谈论足球吧。大多数友谊都是这样开始的。)”可知，它是此处的结果是如果你热爱足球，那就谈谈足球，这就是大多数友谊的开始，因此填入原因更恰当，G项“一般来说，拥有相同兴趣的人更有可能成为朋友”，引出下文，符合语境。故选G。 第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The teenage years of an individual is marked by evaluating one's values，experiencing a shift in outlooks，and a tendency to act rebellious.It can also be a time when someone becomes extremely 21 to negative influences，and is drawn towards dangerous situations.On the other hand，for parents, the period of their children's adolescence means regularly worrying about their safety and formation as a citizen.Thus, a method of 22 teenagers' security is needed, and curfews(宵禁)are often seen as such a measure，since they have proved their 23 the same time, certain peculiarities exist about establishing curfews for children. The issue of teenage curfews is widely debated in the United States, where this method is still rather 24 ， and in European democracies, where this measure is yet not so widely used.The first and foremost reason for establishing curfews is children's security. 25 curfews require teenagers under 17 years to stay out of streets starting from 11 p．m.or midnight.This is believed to protect them from crimes committed after nightfall，as well as from breaking the law, and there exists serious evidence 26 this belief.For example, when New Orleans enabled a dusk­till­dawn curfew in 1994, the rates of juvenile crime were reported to fall more than 20 percent.Even more impressive 27 were recorded in Dallas, which reported a 30­percent decrease in violent juvenile crime，and a 21­percent decrease in the overall rates of crimes committed by young people (The New York Times)． On the other hand, curfews can be seen as a preventive measure that rob young people of their rights， 28 their freedom.This opinion is 29 supported by the fact that curfew violations(违规) and the respective charges are among the most often committed juvenile crimes in the United States. 30 ， there were reports claiming that police arrested more non­white teenagers for curfew violations.All this can cause a teenager to believe they have crossed a psychological line dividing them as criminals; thus，such teenagers may start to see themselves as outlaws, which can 31 committing more serious crimes than a curfew offense. What is important for a parent to remember when establishing a curfew for their children is that a teenager's misjudged view of certain 32 may cause them to misbehave in some other way; this is proved by research conducted by the University of Minnesota, according to which teens tend to protest against what they see as 33 .Considering this，parents should 34 the authoritarian style of establishing curfews; instead, they should have a conversation with their teenager that would be aimed at finding ideal conditions for a curfew that would 35 both sides. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。为了确保青少年的安全，国家对他们实行了宵禁。宵禁降低了青少年的犯罪率，非常有效，但在一定程度上限制了青少年的自由和权利。本文对宵禁这一举措的优点和缺点进行了论述。 21．A.opposed　　　　　 B．subjected C．related D．restricted 解析　B　考查动词辨析。句意：它也可能是这样一段时间，在这段时间一个人变得非常容易受负面影响，并被危险的情况所吸引。A.opposed反对；B.subjected受控制，受影响；C.related联系；D.restricted 受限制。根据后面的“and is drawn towards dangerous situations(被危险的情况所吸引)”可知，被危险的情况所吸引，自然易受消极的负面的事物所影响。故选B。 22．A.improving B．restoring C．ensuring D．expanding 解析　C　考查动词辨析。句意：因此，需要一种确保青少年安全的方法，宵禁常常被视为这样一种措施，因为宵禁证明了其有效性。A.improving提高，改善；B.restoring恢复；C.ensuring确保；D.expanding扩大。根据上句“for parents, the period of their children's adolescence means regularly worrying about their safety and formation as a citizen.” 可知，对于父母来说，孩子的青春期意味着要经常担心他们作为一个公民的安全。那么宵禁就是确保(ensure)他们的安全的一种措施。故选C。 23．A.principle B．reference C．approach D．efficiency 解析　D　考查名词辨析。句意：因此，需要一种确保青少年安全的方法，宵禁常常被视为这样一种安全措施，因为宵禁证明了其有效性。A.principle原则；B.reference参与；C.approach方法；D.efficiency效率。下文主要叙述了在美国对青少年宵禁相当普遍并卓有成效的例子。可知，宵禁是有效的。故选D。 24．A.popular B．absent C．practical D．accessible 解析　A　考查形容词辨析。句意：对青少年宵禁的问题在美国广受争议，这种方法在美国仍然相当流行，而在欧洲民主国家，这一措施尚未得到如此广泛的应用。A.popular流行的，受欢迎的；B.absent缺席的；C.practical实用的；D.accessible可得到的。根据空前的“The issue of teenage curfews is widely debated in the United States”青少年宵禁问题在美国广受争议，以及后面的“this method is still rather ” 中的转折副词still，表示与前面的句意相反，可知这种方法虽然备受争议，但在美国仍然相当流行。故选A。 25．A.Typical B．Evident C．Critical D．Specific 解析　A　考查形容词辨析。句意：典型的宵禁要求17岁以下的青少年从晚上11点开始不要上街。A.Typical典型的，有代表性的；B.Evident明显的；C.Critical批评的；D.Specific具体的。根据后面的举例，宵禁的时间及针对的人群可知，这种宵禁非常典型。故选A。 26．A.in place of B．in honor of C．in case of D．in favor of 解析　D　考查短语辨析。句意：这被认为可以保护他们免受夜幕降临后的罪行，以及违法行为的侵害，而且有确凿的证据支持这一观点。A.in place of代替；B.in honor of纪念；C.in case of以防；D.in favor of 支持。下文举例说明这种宵禁使青少年犯罪率下降了，可知，这些都能支持(in favor of)这一种措施的可行性。故选D。 27．A.results B．events C．patterns D．links 解析　A　考查名词辨析。句意：达拉斯的结果更令人印象深刻，(纽约时报)报告称青少年暴力犯罪率下降了30%，青少年犯罪总犯罪率下降了21%。A.results结果；B.events 事件；C.patterns模式；D.links链接。犯罪率的下降就是这种措施的结果(results)。故选A。 28．A.protecting B．acknowledging C．limiting D．liberating 解析　C　考查动词辨析。句意：另一方面，宵禁可被视为剥夺年轻人的权利，限制他们的自由的一种预防措施。A.protecting保护；B.acknowledging承认；C.limiting限制；D.liberating解放。根据宵禁期间，青少年在晚上11点后不准上街，可知，宵禁限制(limit)了他们的自由。故选C。 29．A.officially B．logically C．particularly D．physically 解析　C　考查副词辨析。句意：这一观点尤其得到以下事实的支持：违反宵禁和相关指控是美国青少年最常犯下的犯罪之一。A.officially官方地；B.logically逻辑地；C.particularly尤其；D.physically身体上。根据“that curfew violations(违规) and the respective charges are among the most often committed juvenile crimes in the United States.”可知这一观点尤其得到以下事实的支持。故选C。 30．A.By contrast B．In addition C．In conclusion D．In general 解析　B　考查短语辨析。句意：此外，有报道称警方因宵禁逮捕了更多违反规定的非白人青少年。A.By contrast相比；B.In addition此外；C.In conclusion总之；D.In general一般地。上文说了宵禁限制了青少年的自由，后面又举一例，可知，空格处要用此外(In addition)。故选B。 31．A.take charge of B．contribute to C．result from D．deal with 解析　B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：所有这些都会使青少年认为他们已经越过了将自己划分为罪犯的心理防线；因此，这些青少年可能开始将自己视为不法分子，这可能会导致犯下比宵禁罪更严重的罪行。A.take charge of 负责；B.contribute to促使，有助于；C.result from 由于；D.deal with处理。分析前后两句的内容，可知青少年认为自己是不法分子，这会促使(contribute to)他们犯下更重的罪行。故选B。 32．A.rules B．charges C．crimes D．relations 解析　A　考查名词辨析。句意：在为孩子制定宵禁令时，父母要记住的一点是，青少年对某些规定的错误判断可能会导致他们在其他方面的不当行为。A.rules规定；B.charges费用；C.crimes犯罪；D.relations关系。宵禁令是一种规定(rule)。故选A。 33．A.impolite B．unrealistic C．inadequate D．unfair 解析　D　考查形容词辨析。句意：由明尼苏达大学进行的研究证明这一点，根据该研究，青少年倾向于抗议他们认为不公平的事情。A.impolite不礼貌的；B.unrealistic不现实的；C.inadequate不足的；D.unfair不公平的。根据“protest against(抗议)”可知，青少年认为这是不公平的事，会进行抗议。故选D。 34．A.adopt B．allow C．avoid D．address 解析　C　考查动词辨析。句意：因此，家长应该避免制定宵禁的专制风格；相反，应该与他们的青少年进行对话，旨在为宵禁寻找理想的条件，让双方都满意。A.adopt采纳，收养；B.allow允许；C.avoid避免；D.address解决。上文说青少年在认为某事对自己不公平时会抗议。以及“have a conversation with their teenager that would be aimed at finding ideal conditions”可知，要与青少年进行一次旨在找到理想条件的谈话，家长要避免(avoid)专制。故选C。 35．A.satisfy B．spare C．surround D．settle 解析　A　考查动词辨析。句意：因此，家长应该避免制定宵禁的专制风格；相反，应该与他们的青少年进行对话，旨在为宵禁寻找理想的条件，让双方都满意。A.satisfy满足；B.spare留出，抽出；C.surround包围；D.settle解决。上文说要与青少年对话，不能专制，目的就是让双方满意(satisfy)。故选A。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Birds are highly intelligent creatures, with complex and specialized forms of communication. Each species has 36. unique way of using body language and vocalizations(发声)to communicate.However, there are some things 37. birds do in general that you can understand.If you pay attention to your 38. (bird)regular mannerisms, you will be able to identify when they have changed.Also, you need to look at their movements or behaviors in context 39. (understand)them.If you can do this, you 40. (be)closer to understanding what your feathered friend is trying to communicate to you. Birds are 41. (typical)very clean creatures and they spend a lot of time cleaning, preening and grooming their feathers.This is natural self­care behavior that is important for birds to do.Bathing is an important part of feather maintenance for birds.If your bird stops 42. (bathe) itself, that is a sign that it is no longer taking care of 43. (it)．This could signal depression, body pain, or lack of mobility.A bird that is singing or whistling a lot is likely very happy.A bird that is 44. (satisfy) is likely to chatter or talk a lot.In fact, if you spend time 45. them, they are likely to increase this chatter when you come around. [语篇解读]　本文是说明文。文章介绍了鸟有特殊的肢体和声音交流方式，如果你注意观察，你会更加理解这些羽毛朋友，鸟在高兴和满意的时候会喋喋不休的鸣叫，如果你花时间与它们在一起，当你走进时，它们会鸣叫的更大声。 36．解析　a　考查冠词。句意：每个物种都有一种使用肢体语言和发声进行交流的独特的方式。way是可数名词，此处泛指“一种独特的方式”，unique以辅音音素开头，故填a。 37．解析　which/that　考查定语从句。句意：然而，有一些鸟类通常做的事情是你可以理解的。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰some things，指物，从句中作宾语，用关系代词which或者that引导限制性定语从句，故填which/that。 38．解析　birds'　考查名词所有格。句意：如果你注意你的鸟的经常性习惯，你就能识别出它们什么时候改变了。根据句意可知。表示“你的鸟的经常性习惯”，所以用birds'，故填birds'。 39．解析　to understand　考查不定式。句意：此外，你需要在一定情景中观察它们的动作或行为来理解它们。分析句子可知，understand作目的状语，用不定式形式，故填to understand。 40．解析　will be　考查动词时态。句意：如果你能做到这一点，你就更加理解你的羽毛朋友努力与你交流的内容。分析句子可知，if引导的条件状语从句，主将从现，故填will be。 41．解析　typically　考查副词。句意：鸟类通常是非常爱干净的动物，它们会花很多时间清洁、整理和梳理自己的羽毛。修饰动词are用副词作状语，故填typically。 42．解析　bathing　考查动名词。句意：如果你的鸟停止给自己洗澡，那就是它不再照顾自己的信号。stop doing sth.“停止做某事”，用动名词作宾语，根据句意，故填bathing。 43．解析　itself　考查代词。句意：如果你的鸟停止给自己洗澡，那就是它不再照顾自己的信号。that引导同位语从句，根据句意，从句的主语和宾语指代同一事物，宾语用反身代词，故填itself。 44．解析　satisfied　考查形容词。句意：一只满足的鸟可能会喋喋不休或交谈。分析句子可知，that引导定语从句，指代A bird，根据句意，表示“鸟是满足的”，用satisfied“满足的”说明事物的感受，is是系动词，­ed形式形容词作表语，故填satisfied。 45．解析　with　考查介词。句意：事实上，如果你花时间和它们在一起，当你走近它们时，它们很可能会增强这种鸣叫。根据句意，此处表示“与……在一起”，用介词with，故填with。 第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 假设你是新华中学的李华，你和在上海上学的英国朋友Tom约好下周去北京旅游，但你因故不能赴约。请给他写封Email，内容包括： 1．表示歉意；2.解释原因；3.另约时间。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tom， Yours sincerely， Li Hua [参考范文] Dear Tom， I am indeed very sorry that I can't go to Beijing with you next week, which I have promised.I feel sorry about it and want you to know what happened. Just now, my cousin, Li Gang, who left home to Australia for his further study last year, informed me that he would return this Saturday morning and asked me to pick him up at the airport with his family.You know, we haven't seen each other for nearly a year. I sincerely hope you can accept my apologies and understand me.I would appreciate your allowing me to make another date to show you around Beijing.Once again, I'm sorry for any inconvenience caused. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) (2025·全国二卷)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “What's your name？” is a question most frequently asked when people meet for the first time.But for me，it was the first challenge I encountered as an international student in Ireland. The pronunciation system of the Chinese language is quite different from that of English.For native speakers of English，some Chinese words are rather difficult to pronounce.My given name Qiuyu(秋雨) ，for instance，happened to be a great challenge for many of them.Every time I gave a self­introduction，I had to explain how to pronounce my name at least five times，yet they still could not say it the way I did. Once in a lecture，the professor tried repeating my name after me over and over in front of thirty classmates.I really did not know whether I should continue correcting him or simply drop the matter.I feared that my classmates might grow tired of my efforts or even the patience with me.After all，I did care about how others would think of me.I realized that if I didn't stop，the entire lecture would be ruined.“It's okay，professor，” I shrugged(耸肩)．The awkward moment ended with the class erupting into laughter.I forced a smile，unsure how to respond further. After that incident，I stopped acting as a “Chinese teacher”. Instead of correcting others when they were struggling to pronounce my name，I just smiled and nodded approvingly.This approach spared me the discomfort of having to over­explain.However，I soon found that by doing so，I might be losing something more important：the opportunity to share a small part of my cultural identity. 注意：(1)续写词数应为150左右； (2)请按如下格式作答。 In a class discussion，I was invited to explain the meaning of my name. Many of my classmates got interested and came up to me after class. 【参考范文】 In a class discussion，I was invited to explain the meaning of my name.As I rose to my feet，the classroom fell silent.“‘Qiu’is autumn，the season of golden leaves and cool winds.‘Yu’means rain，which nourishes the earth，” I began，my hands slightly trembling.“In Chinese culture，autumn symbolizes peace—a time to reflect.” I shared how my parents named me after a rainy autumn afternoon when they adopted a stray cat，hoping I'd carry kindness in my heart.The professor leaned forward，commenting，“That's beautiful—does it have a poetic link？” I nodded，reciting a line about autumn rain washing old stones.A few students wrote it down，their eyes curious. Many of my classmates got interested and came up to me after class.Liam，a boy with a guitar slung over his shoulder，grinned，saying，“Please teach me to say it right！” I guided him，“Qiu—like‘chew’，yu—like ‘you’ but softer.”He practiced，and when he got it，the group cheered.Ana asked to take a photo of the Chinese characters in my notebook.Even the professor smiled，“I'll get it right by next class，I promise.” As we laughed，I realized my name was no longer a barrier.It was a story，a bridge—and today，I'd shared a piece of my world. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $