Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Extended reading & Project &Assessment & Further study-(配套练习)【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册(译林版)

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Apart from our tongue, from my point of view, eyes are another kind of language we use to express ourselves.Through one's eyes, we can read sorrow, happiness, encouragement, and many other emotions.Eyes are always one of the fastest and most direct organs to reveal your thoughts. Until now, I still remember an unforgettable experience, which happened when I took part in a singing contest at the age of nine.It was the power of my mother's eyes that encouraged me to go for it.I had shown great interest in singing before that, but I was too shy to sing in public.So one day my mother took me to sign up for the singing contest.With my mother's company and encouragement, I was determined to meet that challenge. Standing on the stage, I suddenly found I had become the focus of all the eyes.I got so nervous that I couldn't even keep my eyes open.When it was my turn to be introduced to the audience and sing, I became even more nervous.I felt my legs were shaking and my memory seemed to have left me, as I couldn't remember anything.Searching for help, I met my mother's eyes which were sparkling with encouragement and strong power.It seemed that they were speaking to me, “Come on! Baby! Take it easy.I'll always be with you！” I read the message through her eyes and at that moment I got my confidence back and began to sing my song. When I came down from the stage, she came up to me, saying, “Great! I'm proud of you！” and gave me a big hug.At that time, I found her eyes filled with tears of joy.Sometimes, you see, just the encouraging eyes themselves can make a shy person brave. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。眼睛是心灵的窗户，通过眼睛我们可以读出各种情感。作者参加歌唱比赛，因为感到害羞而不敢在公开场合唱歌。作者妈妈的眼睛鼓励了作者，使她找回自信，完成了比赛。 1．What does the author mean to do by telling her unforgettable experience? A．To prove her view that eyes are another kind of language we use to express ourselves. B．To prove that the eyes are very important parts of our bodies. C．To share her unforgettable experience with us. D．To tell us how she became brave. 解析　A　细节理解题。文章第一段提出作者对眼睛的观点，然后通过描述自己的经历来证明自己的观点。 2．What's the meaning of the underlined word in the first paragraph? A．Show.　　　　　 B．Experience. C．Contact. D．Understand. 解析　A　词义猜测题。结合画线词的上下文内容，可以看出此处指眼睛是显示你的思想的最快和最直接的器官，所以reveal的意思是“显示”。 3．What did the mother think of the author's performance? A．Poor. B．Not good. C．Splendid. D．Hopeful. 解析　C　推理判断题。由比赛结束后作者妈妈的称赞、拥抱以及喜悦之泪可以判断，妈妈认为作者的表演很不错，splendid 意为“极好的”。 4．What's the best title of the passage? A．My unforgettable experience B．Eyes C．A singing contest D．Confidence and success 解析　B　主旨大意题。一个主题贯穿了全文，那就是眼睛。文章开头点出作者对眼睛的观点，然后通过事例说明自己的观点，最后一句话又点明观点，首尾相呼应，主题明确。因此B项最好。 B Babies are surrounded by human language, always listening and processing.Eventually, they put sounds together to produce a “Daddy” or a “Mama”．But what still confuses neuroscientists is exactly how the brain works to put them all together. To figure it out, a team of researchers turned to a frequent stand­in(代替)for babies when it comes to language learning: the song­learning zebra finch(斑胸草雀)．“We've known songbirds learn their song by first forming a memory of their father's song or another adult's song.Then they use that memory to guide their song learning，” said Neuroscientist Todd Roberts.“It's been a long­term goal of the field to figure out how or where in the brain this memory is.This type of imitative learning that birds do is very similar to the type of learning that we engage in regularly—particularly when we're young, we use it to guide our speech learning.” Roberts and his team had a feeling that the interface(交叉区域)between sensory areas and motor areas in the brain was critical for this process, and they focused on a group of brain cells called the NIF. “In order to prove that we could identify these circuits, we thought if we could implant a false memory.” First, they used a virus to cause the neurons(神经元)in the birds' NIF to become sensitive to light.Then, using a tiny electrode as a flashlight, which activated(激活)the neurons.The length of each pulse of light corresponded with the amount of time the neurons would fire.And the birds' brains took that time period as the length of each note. Soon enough, the birds began to practice the notes they had learned, even though they never really heard the sounds.Amazingly, the birds produced them in the correct social situations.The researchers say this is the first time anybody has found exactly a part of the brain necessary for generating the sorts of memories needed to copy sounds. “This line of research is going to help us make out where in the brain we encode memories of relevant social experiences that we use to guide learning.We know that there are several neurodevelopmental disorders in people that have really far­reaching effects on this type of learning.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家用斑胸草雀的声音学习方式来解密人类语言学习奥秘的研究。 5．The zebra finch is researched because its song­learning mode . A．is like the way babies learn speech B．decides whether it will sing songs C．helps it to say “Daddy” or “Mama” D．reflects its talent for imitating its father's song. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据第二段中“This type of imitative learning that birds do is very similar to the type of learning that we engage in regularly—particularly when we're young(鸟类的这种模仿学习与我们经常使用的学习方式非常相似——尤其是我们小的时候)”可知，斑胸草雀的声音学习与我们小时候的语言学习方式相似，所以要研究它们。故选A。 6．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．The interface in the brain. B．Imitative learning type like birds. C．Guidance from adults. D．The way of regular learning. 解析　B　词义猜测题。根据上文“This type of imitative learning that birds do is very similar to the type of learning that we engage in regularly—particularly when we're young(鸟类的这种模仿学习方式与我们常用的学习方式非常相似，特别是在我们小时候)”可知，下文中“we use it to guide our speech learning”中的it指代上文中的“This type of imitative learning that birds do(鸟类的这种模仿学习方式)”。故选B。 7．What can we learn from the research led by Roberts? A．A bird only sings what it heard before. B．The brain produces tiny electrodes. C．Birds are sensitive to flashlights. D．Scientists activated some neurons by using an electrode. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第四段中“Then, using a tiny electrode as a flashlight, they activated (激活) the neurons.(然后，他们用一个小电极作为手电筒，激活神经元)”可知，科学家用小电极激活了神经元。故选D。 8．What do the Roberts' team expect of this line of research? A．A change in our way of listening and processing. B．A chance to have relevant social experiences. C．A better knowledge of the secrets of learning. D．Identification of neurodevelopmental disorders. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据第六段中“This line of research is going to help us make out where in the brain we encode memories of relevant social experiences that we use to guide learning.(这个研究方向将帮助我们识别我们在大脑的哪个部分对记忆进行编码，我们可以用这些与社会体验相关的记忆来学习)”可推断该研究可以解码与学习相关的大脑奥秘，从而帮助我们了解学习的秘密。故选C。 Ⅱ.语法填空 The national college entrance exam in Russia, Unified State Exam, will include Chinese as 1. elective foreign language starting from 2019.Chinese will become the fifth elective test item for the Unified State Exam 2. (follow) English, German, French and Spanish. The number of Chinese learners in Russia 3. (grow) quickly in the past decade, according to a survey 4. (carry) out by a linguistic research center in Russia. Approaches to learning Chinese vary from person to person，5. more and more people choosing university courses in Russia.The three­hour­long Chinese test will quiz students on 6. (they) listening, reading, and writing abilities and a fourth section will examine students on grammar, vocabulary and Chinese 7. (character)．Some parts in the exam are even a little bit difficult for native Chinese speakers. The United Nations (UN) in 2010 suggested a Chinese Language Day 8. falls on April 20 each year 9. (celebrate) cultural diversity and encourage using all official languages 10. (equal)． [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。2019年俄罗斯国家统一考试将增加汉语作为外语考试科目之一，这充分体现了汉语在全球的地位不断上升。 1．解析　an　考查冠词。这里表示“一门或一种选修外语”，表示泛指，elective以元音音素开头，故填an。 2．解析　following　考查现在分词。句意：汉语将成为继英语、德语、法语和西班牙语之后的第五门国家统一考试选修测验项目。本句已有谓语will become且句中没有连词，设空处作状语，所以此处用非谓语动词，follow与Chinese构成逻辑上的主动关系，所以用现在分词形式作状语。故填following。 3．解析　has grown　考查时态及主谓一致。句意：俄罗斯一个语言研究中心进行的一项调查显示，在过去十年中，俄罗斯的汉语学习者数量增长迅速。根据时间状语in the past decade可知，本句需要用现在完成时；“the number of＋复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。故填has grown。 4．解析　carried　考查过去分词。句意同上。carry out与survey构成被动关系，表示该调查“被进行”，所以用过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰survey。故填carried。 5．解析　with　考查介词。分析句子可知，此处为with的复合结构作状语。故填with。 6．解析　their　考查人称代词。句意：3小时长的中文测试将测试学生的听力、阅读和写作能力，第四部分将测试学生的语法、词汇和汉字。形容词性物主代词修饰后面的名词，作定语。故填their。 7．解析　characters　考查名词的数。句意同上。此处character为可数名词，意为“文字”，前面没有冠词修饰，所以用复数形式表示多个汉字。故填characters。 8．解析　which/that　考查定语从句。句意：联合国(UN)在2010年建议设立每年的4月20日为中文日，以庆祝文化多样性和促进平等使用所有官方语言。本空前面的Chinese Language Day为先行词，设空处引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，所以用which或that引导。故填which/that。 9．解析　to celebrate　考查动词不定式。句意同上。此处用动词不定式表示目的。故填to celebrate。 10．解析　equally　考查副词。句意同上。此处用副词来修饰using，意为“平等地使用所有官方语言”。故填equally。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $