Unit 1 Section Ⅰ Welcome to the Unit & Reading-(配套教参)【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册(译林版)

本高中英语讲义围绕“诚信与责任”主题，以短篇小说《After Twenty Years》为载体，系统梳理必记单词（如reliable、suspicious）、重点短语（如tear down、under arrest）、经典句型（如完全倒装句、not...but...）及状语从句语法，构建从语言知识输入到语篇理解（主旨、细节、结构分析）再到话题写作（“善意的谎言”）的学习支架。 资料特色在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，通过阅读策略训练（如细节题分析、故事结构梳理）提升语篇理解能力，结合“朋友作弊是否举报”等话题讨论引导学生辩证思考诚信与责任，渗透文化意识（文学作品价值观）。课中助力教师开展分层教学，课后提供词汇拓展（如appointment派生词）、语法填空等练习，帮助学生查漏补缺，强化语言运用能力。

Unit 1　Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading 语言 能力 必记 单词 barely appointment diamond reliable worthwhile bless outline suspect arrest anyhow innocent legal core resign guilty ashamed forgive cheat disappointed sew pretend mercy deadline guidance fault virtue discouraged bonus sow harvest 重点 短语 tear down　make one's fortune　lose contact　arm in arm　under arrest　at the mercy of sb/sth　weigh on sb/sth　take unfair advantage of　keep a promise　take...seriously　turn up　be in store for　be responsible for　apart from 经典 句型 1.完全倒装句　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2.“形容词/副词＋enough＋to do sth”结构 3.not...but...不是……而是…… 4.so that引导结果状语从句 5.祈使句＋and＋陈述句 核心 语法 状语从句复习 话题 写作 写一篇表达对“善意的谎言”理解的文章 文化 意识 理解和欣赏优秀的英语文学作品，从中获取积极的人生态度和价值观念；理解和欣赏演讲稿中英语语言表达形式的韵律美；学会从不同的视角探讨诚信和责任的内涵，树立正确的价值观。 思维品质 能够基于本单元所学内容、生活体验以及各种所见所闻，增强对诚实守信和忠于责任的理解；能够就诚信和负责的具体行为表达个人观点；能够在讨论中提出反驳性观点，使论证更具全面性和说服力。 学习能力 通过图书馆、互联网等多种渠道获取与“诚信和责任”相关的学习资源，有意识地积累相关的英语词汇和表达方法；在制作以“诚信和责任”为主题的剪贴簿时，学会运用得体的语言和非语言形式表达态度、情感和观点。 Ⅰ.重点单词 基础单词 1．barely adv. 刚好；仅仅，勉强可能；几乎不；刚才 2．keen adj. 灵敏的，敏锐的；渴望，热切，热衷于 3．collar n. 衣领；颈圈；圈，箍 4．bless vt.(表示惊奇)；祝福 5. inch n. 英寸；少量，短距离 6．outline vt. 概述，略述n. 概述；轮廓线，略图 7．arrest n．&vt.逮捕，拘捕 8．wire vt. 给(某人)打电报；接通(电源) n. 金属丝；电线；铁丝网 9．anyhow adv. 不过，总之；尽管；而且；随便地 10．principle n. 道德原则；法则；信条 拓展单词 11. appointment n. 约定，约会；任命，委任；职务→appoint vt.约定，指定，确定；任命，委任→appointed adj.约定的，指定的 12．reliable adj.可信赖的，可依靠的；真实可信的，可靠的→rely v．依赖，依靠→unreliable adj.不能信赖的，不可靠的 13．worthwhile adj.值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)，重要的，令人愉快的→worthless adj.没有价值的；没有用的→worth adj.有……价值；值……钱→worthy adj.值得……的；有价值的 14．suspect vt.& vi. 疑有，觉得 n．嫌疑犯，可疑对象→suspicious adj.可疑的→suspicion n．怀疑，嫌疑 15．criminal n．罪犯 adj.犯法的，犯罪的；刑事的；不道德的→crime n．罪行，犯罪行为 16．innocent adj.无辜的，清白的，无罪的；天真无邪的，纯真的 n．无辜者，单纯的人→ innocence n．天真；单纯；无罪→innocently adv.无罪地 17．legal adj.合法的；法律的→legally adv.合法地→ illegal adj.非法的→illegally adv.非法地 18．decent adj.正派的，合乎礼节的；得体的，适当的→decency n．正派；规矩；礼貌→decently adv.体面地；高雅地；正派地 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．tear down拆毁，拆除 2．make one's fortune发财 3．lose contact失去联系 4．turn up出现，到来，露面 5．pull out拽出，扯出；退出；驶离路边 6．keep an appointment with遵守与……的约定 7．at least至少 8．have a good long talk深入长谈 9．arm in arm臂挽着臂 10．change...into...把……变成…… 11．take charge of 控制，掌管 12．under arrest被逮捕 13．drop over顺便来访 14．have a chat with与……闲聊 15．on time按时 Ⅲ.重点句型 1．Always do to the others as you would be done by. 你希望别人怎样待你，你就要怎样待人。 2．Present at this year's music festival are the school headmaster，teachers，students and some of the students' parents. 出席本年度音乐节的有校长、老师、学生和一些学生家长。 3．There used to be a park right here in this location. 这个位置曾经有一个公园。 4．The topic of the movie is to tell people to be positive about life no matter what happens. 这部电影的主题是告诉人们无论发生什么都要积极面对生活。 5．Nevertheless，it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology. 然而，要让大多数新家庭开始使用这项新技术还将需要几年的时间。 Supposing that you find your best friend cheating in the exam，will you report it to the teacher？In face of the conflict between friendship and honesty，which one will you choose? 答案　略 Ⅰ.Read for the main idea Read the passage quickly and choose the best answer. What is the passage mainly about? A．A man who made his fortune in the West. B．The true friendship between two men. C．A difficult choice between friendship and responsibility. D．Different career choices of the two friends. 答案　C Ⅱ.Read for details Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer. 1．What do we know about ‘Big Joe’Brady's restaurant from the passage? A．It was a famous restaurant in the neighbourhood. B．It was run by Bob and Jimmy together. C．It was still in business after twenty years. D．It was the place where Bob and Jimmy had promised to meet. 答案　D 2．What was Jimmy's career? A．He was a businessman. B．He was a restaurant owner. C．He was a policeman. D．He was a criminal. 答案　C 3．Why did the tall man turn up his collar to the ears? A．Because it was too cold. B．Because he didn't want to see Bob. C．Because he was afraid of seeing the policeman. D．Because he didn't want to be recognised by Bob. 答案　D 4．Which of the following description about Bob and Jimmy’s reunion is TURE? A．Bob was eager to see his best friend Jimmy. B．Jimmy didn't show up at the appointed time. C．Bob was angry to see Jimmy had changed the shape of his nose. D．Jimmy had known Bob was the criminal wanted in Chicago before immediately they met. 答案　A Ⅲ.Read for the structure Read the passage again and fill in the blanks. After Twenty Years Setting ·The short story is set in New York on a 1.night. Characters in the story ·The man with a 2.scar on his face was waiting for his friend in the 3.doorway of a store. ·A 4.policeman on the beat walked along the street. ·A tall man in a long 5.overcoat，with collar turned up to his ears. After Twenty Years The appointment made twenty years ago ·Bob and his friend Jimmy were good friends and they 6.dined at ‘Big Joe’Brady's twenty years ago. ·Bob decided to go to the West to make his 7.fortune. ·They agreed that they would meet at ‘Big Joe’ Brady's twenty years later no matter what might happen. The meeting ·The two men walked up the street，arm in arm. ·Bob 8.stopped suddenly and found the tall man was not Jimmy. ·Bob was under arrest because he was wanted by the 9.Chicago police. ·The tall man gave Bob a short 10.note. The Note ·It was from 11.Jimmy. 课文语法填空 From time to time，people find themselves 1.in situations where they have to make a difficult choice concerning their moral values.The story “After Twenty Years” is set in New York on 2.a cold，dark night.It is about two friends named Bob and Jimmy.Twenty years ago，Bob 3.dined(dine)at a restaurant with his friend Jimmy.He decided to leave for the West 4.to make (make)his fortune，but Jimmy would rather stay in New York.They made a promise that they would meet at the place 5.where they had dined. Bob kept the 6.appointment(appoint)and came back，believing that Jimmy would come if he was alive，because he was the 7. truest(true)and most reliable person in the world.He struck a match to light his cigar,8.waiting(wait) for his friend.Jimmy arrived at the appointed place but found Bob was just the man 9.wanted(want) in Chicago. However，Jimmy couldn't catch his best friend 10.himself (he)，so he asked a plain­clothes policeman to do it. [核心词汇·练透] appointment n. 约定，约会；任命，委任；职务 (1)have an appointment with sb与某人有约会 make an appointment with sb 与某人预约 keep/break an appointment 守/违(爽)约 (2)appoint vt. 任命；委任；安排，确定(时间、地点) appoint sb as/to be... 任命某人为…… appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事 A punctual person is in the habit of doing a thing at the proper time and never breaks an appointment. 一个守时的人有在适当的时间做一件事的习惯，从不违约。 [名师点津]　appointment表示“约会”，通常用作可数名词；表示“任命；任职”，多为不可数名词。 [即学活用] (1)单句语法填空 ①Yesterday，Sam was appointed(appoint) as manager of the engineering department. ②You can put the books in the appointed (appoint) place，and other participants can have free access to them. ③I have an appointment (appoint) with him，but I need to change it. ④I was appointed to take (take) charge of arranging all the activities on that day. (2)句式升级 ⑤He was appointed as president of the university yesterday.He is giving a speech on the platform now. →Appointed as president of the university yesterday，he is giving a speech on the platform now.(过去分词短语作状语) keen adj. 灵敏的，敏锐的；渴望，热切，热衷于 be keen to do sth 　渴望做某事 be keen on 喜爱；(对……)着迷，有兴趣 I am a very keen runner and am out training most days.我非常喜欢跑步，大多数时候都在户外训练。 [即学活用] 完成句子 ①It's an attraction for those who are keen on China to watch documentaries about China. 对于那些对中国抱以极大热情的人来说，观看中国纪录片是一件极具吸引力的事。 ②I know that you are keen to come to China to learn more about Chinese culture. 我知道你渴望来中国更深入地了解中国文化。 reliable adj. 可信赖的，可依靠的；真实可信的，可靠的 (1)rely v．　依靠；依赖；信赖 rely on /upon sb /sth 指望某人/某事 rely on/upon sb to do sth 指望/相信某人会做某事 rely on it that... 相信……，指望…… (2)reliability n. 可靠性 Actually，he is an honest and reliable person，whom you can depend on.实际上，他是一个诚实、可靠的人，你可以信赖他。 [名师点津]　rely on 后跟宾语从句时，应先加形式宾语it再接宾语从句，类似用法的有：see to，look to，insist on，stick to，depend on，answer for等。 [即学活用] (1)单句语法填空 ①Everyone would agree that not all information on the Internet is reliable(rely)． ②You may rely on it that your parents will help you whenever you need it. ③Relying too much on computers makes us lazier and less creative both mentally and physically. (2)完成句子 ④True friends are that kind of people who are reliable and worth trusting. 真正的朋友是那种可以依靠、值得信任的人。 worthwhile adj. 值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)，重要的，令人愉快的 (1)值得做某事 (2)be worthy (3)be worth It's worthwhile reading/to read literary books because they can help us to know more about the society and life.读文学书是值得的，因为它们能帮助我们对社会和生活了解更多。 [名师点津]　 (1)worthy后可接of＋sth/being done或接to be done； (2)worth只能作表语，后通常接名词(多为钱数或价值相当的比喻性名词)，其后还可接v.­ing的主动形式表示被动含义，一般不接不定式；如果表示“很值得”要用be well worth； (3)worthwhile既可作表语，又可作定语，常用于句型it is worthwhile...中，其后跟动名词短语或不定式短语均可(动名词短语或不定式短语是句子的真正主语)。 [即学活用] (1)选词填空：worthy/worth/worthwhile ①This article is well worth reading，but it is not worthy of being translated.So I feel that all your effort isn't worthwhile. (2)一句多译 ②这本参考书值得买，因为它对你的学习很有帮助。 a．The reference book is worth buying，because it is a great help for your study.(worth) b．The reference book is worthy to be bought，because it is a great help for your study.(worthy) c．The reference book is worthy of being bought，because it is a great help for your study.(worthy) d．It is worthwhile buying/to buy the reference book，because it is a great help for your study.(worthwhile) suspect vt.& vi. 疑有，觉得 n. 嫌疑犯，可疑对象 (1)suspect sb/sth　怀疑某人/某事 suspect sb of (doing) sth 怀疑某人(做了)某事 suspect sb to be... 怀疑/猜想某人是…… suspect that... 怀疑，猜想…… (2)suspicious adj. 可疑的 be suspicious of /about... 对……怀疑 (3)suspicion n. 怀疑，嫌疑 Don't suspect him of his honesty because he is very reliable. 不要怀疑他的诚实，因为他很可靠。 [即学活用] (1)单句语法填空 ①The child is always making the same excuse，and so I suspect him of lying. ②If you see something suspicious (suspect)，inform the police at once. ③The teacher was suspicious of/about the student's furtive (偷偷摸摸的) behaviour during the exam. ④The drug is suspected of causing(cause) over 200 deaths. (2)句型转换/句式升级 ⑤We suspect that he is ill，for we haven't seen him for a long time. →We suspect him to be ill，for we haven't seen him for a long time. ⑥Because she was suspected of being involved in the attempted murder，she was questioned by the police.(过去分词作状语) →Suspected of being involved in the attempted murder，she was questioned by the police. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 [重点句型·通关] The policeman on the beat walked along the street as he always did. 正在巡逻的警察像往常一样沿街走着。 [分析点拨]　as在此引导方式状语从句，表示“像……一样”。as引导状语从句时的其他用法： (1)as 引导原因状语从句，意为“因为；既然”，表示十分明显的原因，语气较弱；(2)as引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候；随着”； (3)as引导比较状语从句，常用于as/so...as或not as/so...as中； (4)as引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然；尽管”，从句用倒装语序，即“名词/形容词/副词/分词/动词＋as＋主语＋系动词/助动词”结构。用倒装语序时，如果表语是名词，提至句首时，前面不加冠词。例如：Child as he is，he knows a lot. [即学活用] 完成句子 ①As you're not feeling well，you may stay at home. ②As we get older ，our eyesight becomes worse. 随着年龄的增长，我们的视力越来越差。 ③You should do as the teacher told you. 你应该按照老师告诉你的去做。 ④He doesn't speak English as/so fluently as you. 他的英语说得不如你流利。 ⑤Hot as it was，the kids still played football on the playground. 尽管很热，孩子们还是在操场上踢足球。 In the doorway of a store stood a man，with an unlit cigar in his mouth.一个男人站在一家店门口，嘴里叼着一支未点燃的雪茄。 [分析点拨]　本句是介词短语置于句首引起的完全倒装句。使用完全倒装结构的情况有： (1)当表语是分词、副词、形容词、介词短语，而主语是名词且主语比较长时，为了保持句子平衡或强调表语，常把表语放在句首，引起句子的完全倒装。句型结构为“分词/副词/形容词/介词短语＋be＋主语”； (2)表示处所、方位等的副词或介词，如here，there，now，then等放在句首，而主语是名词，且谓语动词是be或lie，sit，stand等不及物动词时，句子用完全倒装； (3)there be句型也属于一种完全倒装句，该句型中的be可以替换成表示“存在”的动词，如live，exist，lie，stand，seem，rise，remain，happen，come，go等； (4)当主语是人称代词时，不用倒装语序。 [即学活用] 完成句子 ①Buried in the sands was an ancient village. 一个古老的村庄被埋在沙土之下。 ②Present at the party were Mr Green and many other guests. 出席晚会的有格林先生，还有许多其他的宾客。 ③Out rushed a cat from under the bed. 从床底下跑出一只猫。 ④Then came the final awards ceremony at the end of the year.年终颁奖典礼终于来临了。 ⑤Once upon a time there lived a doctor known by the name of Hua Tuo. 从前有个名医叫华佗。 There used to be a restaurant where this store stands... 以前这家店所在之处有一家餐馆…… [分析点拨]　此处为There be句型的变式：There used to be...，表示“过去曾有……；过去曾存在……”。 There be句型是表示某物/某事存在与否的句型，该句型可以使用各种情态动词以及含有情态意义的动词或动词短语，此时，该句型多表示“必然”“可能”“预见”“过去曾存在”等含义，如： There must be...　　肯定有…… There may/might be... 可能有…… There can't be... 不可能有…… There used to be... 曾经有…… There ought to/should be... 应该有…… There must have been... 一定已经有过…… (表推测) There may have been... 可能已经有过…… (表推测) There appear/seem to be...　　　似乎有…… There be likely to be... 可能有…… There happen to be... 碰巧有…… [即学活用] 完成句子 ①I know，but there must have been an accident. 我知道，但是一定发生车祸了。 ② There appears/seems to be no doubt about it. 看来毫无疑问了。 ③There used to be nine planets in the solar system.太阳系曾经有九大行星。 ④There happened to be my Chinese teacher in the bookstore. 碰巧我的中文老师在那个书店。 Before we go to the station，here's a note for you. 在我们去警局之前，这儿有一张给你的纸条。 [分析点拨]　本句含before引导的时间状语从句，表示“在……之前”。 含before的常用句式有： (1)It won't be long before...“用不了多久就会……” (before从句用一般现在时) (2)It wasn't long before...“没过多久就……”(before 从句用一般过去时) (3)It will be＋一段时间＋before...“要过若干时间之后才……”(before从句用一般现在时) (4)It was＋一段时间＋before...“过了若干时间才……”(before从句用一般过去时) [即学活用] 完成句子 ①It didn't take long before they walked through the front door carrying a big box. 没过多久他们带着一个大箱子从前门进来了。 ②It will be months before we get the results. 我们要过几个月才能得到结果。 ③It was nearly a day before he realized his mistakes and said sorry to his friend Peter.将近一天之后，他才意识到他的错误并向他的朋友彼得道歉。 ④Scientists believe that it won't be long before robots are widely used in people's family. 科学家们相信，不久机器人将会广泛应用在人们的家庭里。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1. I'm trying to get in touch with Jane. 2．I used to smoke (smoke), but I gave up a couple of years ago. 3．He shook his head doubtfully (doubtful) when I told him that news. 4．You will need to slow down for a while. 5．She's wanted (want) immediately in the director's office. 6．Everyone was assembled at the appointed (appointment) time. 7．They finally turned up at nearly midnight. 8．Her behavior showed a total lack of common decency (decent)． 9．I'm leaving the school in your charge. 10．Forty dollars is (be) much for him. 11．She was under arrest on suspicion of murder. 12．They walked along arm in arm. 13．I am reliably (reliable) informed that the company is being sold. 14．They were suspected (suspect) terrorists. 15．We are blessed with four lovely grandchildren. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．Nowadays people would lose face rather than lose smart telephones as you are required to show QR code in many occasions. 如今， 人们宁愿丢脸也不愿丢掉智能电话，因为在很多场合，你都需要显示二维码。(rather than) 2．A decade of data breaches of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother's name, and far more. 长达十年的个人信息泄露(breach)已经导致了这样一种情况：骗子(scammer)可以轻易地知道你母亲的名字，甚至更多。(situation后接定语从句) 3．The elderly couple walk along the river either arm in arm or hand in hand after dinner every day. 每天晚饭后那对老年夫妇都会沿着河边散步，要么臂挽着臂，要么手牵着手。(arm in arm) 4．Meantime, with the videos saved in the computer, students can review what they have learned at any time. 同时，通过将视频保存在电脑中，学生可以随时复习所学的内容。(with复合结构) 5．No matter how bad my mood is, the delicious food is always enough to lift my spirits. 无论我的心情有多糟糕，这些美食总是足以让我振奋。(no matter＋疑问词从句) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $