单元达标检测4-(配套练习)【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册(外研版)

(时间：100分钟　满分：120分) 第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Many college students want to look for seasonal，short­term or part­time jobs to get extra cash，to stay busy or to get working experience. Lifeguard The job is a great opportunity to build your fitness，keep people safe and be outdoors to enjoy some fun on the beach in the sun.The average hourly wage for lifeguards is $9.31，but those with certifications or previous experience may be able to earn a bit more. Nanny (保姆) Students can find plenty of positions as parents scramble (争抢) to arrange activities and find care for their children.Students who enjoy spending time with kids，staying active and being outdoors can spend their leisure time making money without even feeling like they're working.Nannies make $14.56 per hour. Camp Consultant Students who enjoy spending their time with children，being a leader and monitoring fun outdoor activities are perfect for camp consultant positions.The average hourly wage for camp consultants is $9.28，but those with many years' experience or specific academic backgrounds may be able to earn more. Food Server Although it may not seem like the most attractive way to spend a weekend，working as wait staff allows students to build up their social skills，stay active，enjoy free meals at work and educate themselves about different cuisines.However，food servers need to be on their feet for hours at a time and must be able to multi­task like professionals，so take this into account before submitting an application.The average salary is $9.00 hourly，but tips can raise that number. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个适合大学生季节性的、短期的或兼职的工作。 1．Who are the two jobs nanny and camp consultant most fit for? A．Students who want to develop their social skills. B．Students who love staying with children. C．Students who love traveling. D．Students who love camping. 解析　细节理解题。根据Nanny部分中的“Students who enjoy spending time with kids...”和Camp Consultant部分中的“Students who enjoy spending their time with children....”可知，喜欢和孩子待在一起的学生最适合做这两份工作。 答案　B 2．What should you take into consideration before applying to be a food server? A．The way of cooking. B．The food you can enjoy. C．Long standing time at work. D．Skill in getting tips from customers. 解析　细节理解题。根据Food Server部分中的“However，food servers need to be on their feet for hours...”可知，在申请成为一名餐厅服务员之前，你应该考虑需要长时间地站着工作。 答案　C 3．What job can you do if you're good at swimming? A．A lifeguard. B．A nanny. C．A camp consultant. D．A food server. 解析　细节理解题。根据Lifeguard部分中的“The job is a great opportunity...on the beach in the sun.”可知，如果你擅长游泳，你可以做一名救生员。 答案　A B Mona Zipay was there almost from the beginning when her boss decided to become an independent insurance adjuster (理算员) in 1955. Fifty­eight years later，she decided it was time to retire from Dorner Adjustment Co.“I love what I did，” said Zipay，83，of Whitney Pint New York.“I still do.But it's time to stay at home now.” The secretary has helped customers through natural disasters and fires.She has lived longer than her boss John M．Dorner and remembers when women were not allowed to wear pants to work.Not only has she used manual typewriters，electric typewriters and computers，but she's also adapted to a wave of technology so she could type out reports sent to insurers. “But what has served her well through the years has been her typing and customer service skills，” said MaryAnn Dorner，daughter­in­law of John Dorner.“She's an excellent typist，” MaryAnn Dorner said.“She's accurate and she's fast.She's professional on the phones，keeping a good temper when dealing with irate customers，” said Patrick Dorner，who now operates the company. Dorner Adjusting wasn't the only place Zipay worked.She graduated from high school in 1951，taking business courses because she knew she would not be able to afford college and didn't want to work in a factory. John Dorner invited her to his new company in 1955 from the General Adjustment Bureau in downtown Binghamton，New York.There they had worked together until John Dorner decided to become an independent agent. Now，Zipay wears pants but always dresses professionally. “That was one of the things that impressed me about her，” MaryAnn Dorner said.“She's always dressed up.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Mona Zipay在同一家公司工作了58年以后，在她83岁的时候决定退休的故事。 4．What did Zipay experience when she worked in Dorner Adjustment Co.? A．Her family suffered many disasters. B．Her former boss died when she worked there. C．She was helped by customers when she was in trouble. D．The company required female employees to wear pants to work. 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“She has lived longer than her boss John M．Dorner”可推知，Zipay在Dorner Adjustment公司工作时，她以前的老板John M．Dorner去世了。故选B。 答案　B 5．What is Zipay good at during her working years? A．Typing and communicating with customers. B．Adjusting to new typewriters and new bosses. C．Maintaining a good relationship with her boss. D．Solving problems and dealing with emergencies. 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“But what has served her well through the years has been her typing and customer service skills”可知，Zipay擅长的是打字和与客户沟通。故选A。 答案　A 6．What does the underlined word “irate” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Angry. B．Disabled. C．Greedy. D．Selfish. 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“keeping a good temper”以及下文“customers”可推知，此处指Zipay在与愤怒的顾客打交道时能保持好脾气。画线词“irate”意为“生气的，愤怒的”。故选A。 答案　A 7．What do we know about Zipay from the text? A．She only worked at Dorner Adjusting. B．She went to college after high school. C．She has never worn pants in her life. D．She pays a lot of attention to her appearance. 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“She's always dressed up.”可推知，Zipay很注重她的外表。故选D。 答案　D C For most people，money still means physical cash printed by a sole，public authority.Yet it may be short­lived，as cash gives way to the digitalization of finance and new means of payment may take over.The big change will have huge impacts on states，people and companies. Does it do more good than harm? Eswar Prasad，a senior professor of Trade Policy at Cornell University，says in his book Kill Bills，the Future of Money，it depends on central banks—whether they can embrace change without losing control.He insists the end of cash—likely within a decade or two—is revolutionary. As for the trend that cash is declining，Mr Prasad explains that it is due to the fact that many people bank from laptops and make payments on their phones.Bitcoin and many other digital monies it has inspired bring about a more fundamental shift，which makes payments possible without the need for a trusted，central authority.However，banks remain dominant.Fearing this could do them out of a job，many central banks are beginning to catch up with the pace by developing their own digital currencies—CBDCs，which will upgrade the financial system. Mr Prasad says they are more efficient than cash for settling transactions (交易结算).They could also provide support to digital­payment systems managed by private firms.They could offer “unbanked” communities access to digital payments and other financial products.And they may make it easier to track illegal transactions. However，Mr Prasad fears CBDCs may be vulnerable (脆弱的) to hacking and bugs; they could kill private innovation and cause the instability they are meant to prohibit.The privacy of transactions will be lost. He also manages to make the financial system understandable and interesting.His patient description of how it works includes numbers of well­researched examples and personal anecdotes. [语篇解读]　文章以《消灭纸币，货币的未来》这本书为核心话题，介绍了其主要内容——货币今后的发展情况。 8．What's NOT the cause of cash decline? A．Digital monies. B．Digitalization of finance. C．Financial system. D．New means of payment. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As for the trend that cash is declining...the need for a trusted，central authority.”可知，现金使用减少是由于新的支付方式、数字货币和金融数字化。 答案　C 9．What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．Central banks. B．Bills. C．Companies. D．CBDCs. 解析　代词指代题。根据第三段中的“Fearing this could do them...the financial system.”和第四段画线单词下文内容可知，they指的是上文提到的数字货币CBDCs。 答案　D 10．What's the benefit of digital currencies developed by central banks according to the passage? A．They could keep private firms from innovating. B．People without bank accounts can buy and pay online. C．People can bank from laptops and make payments online. D．They make the financial system safe and understandable. 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“They could offer ‘unbanked’ communities access to digital payments and other financial products.”可知，没有银行账户的人也可以在网上购物和支付。 答案　B 11．What type of writing is the passage? A．A news report. B．A science report. C．A book review. D．A biography. 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Eswar Prasad，a senior professor...is revolutionary.”和下文对这本书中观点的引用、介绍可推断，这是一篇书评。 答案　C D Many people believe it is crucial to have gender equality in the workplace.But achieving equality means overturning centuries of social norms.Recent research by Oxford University suggests that sometimes it is women themselves who are limiting their career opportunities. The study surveyed 3，698 students from 63 schools and colleges across the UK.It found out that female students tend to choose “worthwhile” jobs，while male students often go after jobs that offer big salaries.Researchers noticed that secondary school girls said they were more willing to accept low­income jobs like charity work or museum positions，while boys focused more on getting high­prestige careers，reported The Guardian. “Compared with boys，girls are more concerned about each aspect of job application.They are more interested in careers that offer job security，in a cause they ‘feel good about’，” Jonathan Black，director of the Oxford University Careers Service，told The Telegraph. China faces a similar gender gap.This month，a poll by Chongqing Morning Post indicates that female college graduates care more about their working environment.As for male graduates，career prospects are more important.“This has the knock­on effect that girls may be self­limiting their choice of careers，especially because the types of jobs they seek often have informal entry processes，like getting an internship or doing unpaid work，” Black said. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。牛津大学最近的研究显示，有时是女性自己在择业时自我限制。与男性追求高薪、名望、职业发展不同，女性更关注工作环境，更倾向于从事有保障的职业。 12．What kind of job do girl graduates tend to look for? A．Well­paid. B．Promising. C．Challenging. D．Safe and easy. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Researchers noticed...charity work or museum positions”和第三段内容可知，女性大学毕业生倾向于选择安全又轻松的工作。 答案　D 13．How does the author develop the passage? A．By comparison. B．By classification. C．By order of space. D．By order of time. 解析　写作手法题。根据第二段以及第三段内容可知，文章在论述的时候是将男性大学生和女性大学生的职业选择进行了对比，由此可推知，本文的写作手法主要是对比法。 答案　A 14．What can we learn from the passage? A．Girls are fighting against restrictions in jobs. B．There are not many jobs open to girls after graduation. C．The gender gap in employment has narrowed recently in China. D．Research in the UK shows that the gender gap exists in employment. 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段内容和最后一段中的“China faces a similar gender gap.”可知，男性与女性在职业选择上的确存在性别差异。 答案　D 15．What's the passage mainly about? A．Women's self­limit in career. B．Social gender discrimination. C．Men's attitude towards jobs. D．Job application in the UK and China. 解析　主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中的“Recent research...their career opportunities.”可知，文章介绍的是牛津大学最近的研究显示，有时是女性自己在择业时自我限制。 答案　A 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever had such an experience? Go shopping and buy more than you need when you feel upset. 16 According to a study，shopping to relieve stress was up to 40 times more effective at giving people a sense of control and shoppers were 3 times less sad compared to those who only went window­shopping.More than half of the 1，000 consumers interviewed by Credit Karma said they had shopped to deal with feelings of stress or anxiety. 17 In fact，shopping to reduce stress can actually help you live a healthier life by making sure your blood pressure is lowered.Shopping to relieve stress is also jokingly called “retail therapy” (购物疗法) as a form of regulating stress. 18 And that feeling following those purchases was long­lasting. However，side effects of retail therapy can be relatively harmless at first but in the long term could possibly use up finances and cause conflicts，adding a significant amount of stress. Preparing a list before shopping is the best way to avoid side effects of retail therapy.Whether you're purchasing presents or buying groceries，having the items you need written down will make you clear and sensible while you're shopping. 19 That way you'll be more likely to commit to it.You can buy a coffee while shopping or plan a fun activity when you return home. 20 Everyone's financial situation is different. Comparison usually leads to debt and dissatisfaction with what you already have.Appreciate what you currently have by practicing gratitude. A．Reward yourself for sticking to your list. B．Why do people tend to shop to reduce stress? C．Does overspending really make you feel happier? D．Think about what you struggle with most financially. E．23% of them said they had maxed out their credit cards. F．Give up the need to keep up with your neighbors and friends. G．The study also found 82% had a positive feeling about their purchases. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何避免悲伤时花钱过多提出了一些建议。 16．解析　根据上文“Have you ever had...when you feel upset.”和下文“According to a study...went window­shopping.”可知，空处应与过度消费让人开心相关。C项符合语境，下文是对该问题的回答。 答案　C 17．解析　根据上文“More than half...stress or anxiety.”可知，在接受调查的1 000名消费者中，超过一半的人表示，他们曾通过购物来缓解压力或焦虑。E项承接上文，继续说明调查结果。 答案　E 18．解析　根据下文“And that feeling following those purchases was long­lasting.”可知，此处提到了进行那些购物后的感觉是持久的。因此空处应说明这种感觉具体是什么。G项符合语境。 答案　G 19．解析　根据上文“Preparing a list...retail therapy.”可知，本段主要与购物清单有关。A项符合语境，A项中的 list 是原词复现。 答案　A 20．解析　根据下文内容可知，本段讲的是感激现在所拥有的，放弃与他人比较。F项引出下文，符合语境。 答案　F 第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 After ten years of work，I determined to go beyond a nine­to­five job.Scanning advertisements，I learned a financial company was to 21 more consultants.With great excitement，I made an appointment with a branch president.That day，it went so well that I was 22 he would hire me on the spot. 23 ，he told me to come back for 12 more 24 with his top salespeople! Over the next five months，every one of them kept telling me，“You are better off in a safe nine­to­five job.” “Eighty percent of newcomers 25 within their first year.” The more they attacked my dream，the more I believed I would have to “fake it till I make it”． 26 ，the last interview with the president came.“You've got the job！” he announced，and then added，“On one 27 that you must resign your current job，participate in our training and take a(n) 28 ．It's 250 questions long and you must pass it without one point lost on the first 29 ！” I nearly choked at the prospect of taking a huge step of faith into the 30 ．However，attracted by this great risk and with the 31 I had never had，I said，“I'll take it.”When the scores were displayed，I let out a loud sigh of 32 ． My experience 33 the truth of Thoreau's words: If one advances 34 in the direction of his dreams and 35 to live the life which he had imagined，he will meet success unexpected in common hours. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者辞掉了朝九晚五的工作，挑战一份新工作“金融顾问”的面试过程。 21．A.instruct B．employ C．identify D．support 解析　根据上文“I determined to go beyond a nine­to­five job”可知，此处指了解到金融公司正在招聘(employ)更多的顾问。 答案　B 22．A.skeptical B．glad C．nervous D．positive 解析　根据上文“it went so well”可知，作者确信(positive)总裁会当场雇用作者。 答案　D 23．A.Thus B．Moreover C．Instead D．Then 解析　根据上下文语境可知，此处与上文构成转折关系。 答案　C 24．A.discussions B．celebrations C．bargains D．interviews 解析　根据上文“he told me to come back for 12 more”可知，总裁告诉作者回来再去参加12次他的顶级销售人员的面试(interview)。 答案　D 25．A.fail B．insist C．hesitate D．progress 解析　根据下文“they attacked my dream”可知，人们一直打击作者，此处指人们说80%的新人在第一年就失败(fail)了。 答案　A 26．A.Gradually B．Eventually C．Surprisingly D．Interestingly 解析　根据下文“the last interview with the president came”可知，最后(eventually)一次是总裁面试。 答案　B 27．A.operation B．condition C．position D．occasion 解析　根据下文“you must resign your current job，participate in our training and take a(n) 28 ”可知，总裁提供给作者工作是有条件(condition)的。 答案　B 28．A.exam B．path C．break D．approach 解析　根据下文“It's 250 questions long and you must pass it”可知，作者需要参加培训并考试(exam)。 答案　A 29．A.choice B．page C．day D．try 解析　根据上文“without one point lost”可知，此处强调总裁要求作者在第一次的尝试(try)中不丢掉一分。 答案　D 30．A.unfit B．unnecessary C．unknown D．unpleasant 解析　根据上文“taking a huge step of faith”可知，此处指需要向未知(unknown)领域迈出一大步。 答案　C 31．A.joy B．patience C．courage D．fortune 解析　根据上文“you must pass it without one point lost on the first”和“attracted by this great risk”可知，总裁要求作者一次通过考试并且不丢掉一分，这是一次冒险，需要勇气(courage)去接受。 答案　C 32．A.belief B．relief C．sorrow D．regret 解析　根据上文“let out a loud sigh”可知，作者顺利通过考试，松了一口气。a sigh of relief意为“松了一口气”。 答案　B 33．A.recognized B．tested C．dismissed D．confirmed 解析　根据下文“the truth of Thoreau's words”可知，此处指作者的经历证实(confirm)了梭罗的话是正确的。 答案　D 34．A.confidently B．freely C．randomly D．lonely 解析　根据上下文语境可知，此处指如果一个人朝着梦想的方向自信地(confidently)走下去，努力(attempt)按照想象中的方式去生活。 答案　A 35．A.threatens B．agrees C．attempts D．promises 解析　参见上题解析。 答案　C 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Digital technology is being increasingly adopted 36. (carry) out economic and social activities，and is deeply transforming production patterns and people's lifestyles.However，it is important that the adoption of digital technology in developing countries does not 37. (wide) the gap between rich and poor.In China，e­commerce (电子商务) and poverty alleviation (扶贫) programmes 38. (support) by big data have had positive effects on fighting poverty. E­commerce promotes growth in incomes for the poor.China has the world's fastest­growing e­commerce market，39. more than 40 per cent of global e­commerce transactions (交易) take place.Many poor people have benefited 40. the booming e­commerce industry.For example，in the past years，the National Rural E­commerce Comprehensive Demonstration Project 41. (help) nearly 3 million poor families realise income growth.Besides，e­commerce platforms have greatly increased the possibility 42. the small and micro businesses enter the market.Rural residents can now display 43. (they) farm produce and handicrafts online and find buyers，thus increasing sales.Also，e­commerce drives the development of whole industrial chains，creating job opportunities and providing diverse options for rural labour. Digital technology has been playing a positive role in China's poverty 44. (reduce). Governments at all levels keep an open and encouraging attitude towards the development of the digital economy and 45. (active) cooperate with digital companies to better identify and help the poor. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了数字技术深刻地改变着人们的生产模式和生活方式，在中国，电子商务和大数据支持的扶贫项目对扶贫事业产生了积极的影响。 36．解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用动词不定式表示目的。 答案　to carry 37．解析　考查词性转换。根据does not并分析句子结构可知，空处应用动词原形。 答案　widen 38．解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词。主语poverty alleviation programmes和support之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。 答案　supported 39．解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是market，从句中缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where。 答案　where 40．解析　考查介词。benefit from/by是固定搭配，意为“从……中受益”。 答案　from/by 41．解析　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语。主语是the National Rural E­commerce Comprehensive Demonstration Project，谓语动词应用单数形式；根据时间状语in the past years可知，句子时态应用现在完成时。 答案　has helped 42．解析　考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，作the possibility的同位语；同位语从句“the small and micro businesses enter the market”成分完整，此处应用引导词that，that在从句中不充当成分。 答案　that 43．解析　考查代词。根据空处后面的名词短语farm produce and handicrafts可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词。 答案　their 44．解析　考查词性转换。根据in China's poverty可知，此处应用名词，in China's poverty reduction意为“在中国的减贫工作中”。 答案　reduction 45．解析　考查词性转换。空处修饰动词短语cooperate with，应用副词作状语。 答案　actively 第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 假定你是李华，下周你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以“Learning for Life”为主题写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括： 1．终身学习的重要性； 2．如何做到终身学习； 3．呼吁大家终身学习。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯； 3．开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 Good morning，everyone! I'm Li Hua. Thanks for your listening! One possible version： Good morning，everyone! I'm Li Hua. Today I'd like to talk about “Learning for Life”．In today's fast­paced world，lifelong learning is vital.It empowers us to keep up with change，enhancing personal growth and career prospects. To achieve this，we must cultivate a thirst for knowledge.Read widely，explore diverse fields，and embrace online courses.Setting goals and holding ourselves accountable are key.Additionally，we should practice active listening and engage in discussions，which can foster deeper understanding.So I urge you all to make lifelong learning a lifestyle.Let's not be satisfied with what we know.Remember，it's not just about learning to live，but living to learn.Let's embark on this thrilling quest together，for the joy of learning knows no limits. Thanks for your listening! 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Annie was having an awful day.And it had only just begun.Her car had a flat tire in the morning.She spilled coffee on her shirt and even worse，the man behind the counter had given her incorrect change (零钱).And now she was running late for work—another shift (轮班工作) at the grocery store. Annie pulled into the grocery store parking lot，opened her car door and immediately stepped into a puddle (水坑).She let out a loud sigh and angrily headed toward the store. She paused briefly to wipe off her feet and heard two ladies chatting. “I'm so sorry to hear about your job，Mary.” “Thank you，Sarah.So many people have been fired recently.It's worrying，but I'll figure something out.” Briefly，Annie felt slightly jealous of the woman.She would give anything to not have to be at work this morning. She dropped off her things in the break room and put on her uniform.Then，she made her way to her register for another long day，hoping that her luck would change.But her first customer spilled a bottle of juice on her counter，leaving it sticky well after he had paid and left.Another insisted on paying in all change，holding up her line for ages.Annie was close to just throwing in the towel and asking to leave early.But she figured she would have to wait until she went on break.That way，she'd have time to think of an excuse. Annie absent­mindedly continued to ring up (把销售额记入收款机) her next customer's groceries，placing them in the bag before reading out the total. “It comes to $44.97，” Annie said. There was a brief pause，and when she looked up，she saw Mary—the woman she heard chatting in the parking lot. Mary pulled her wallet from her large bag and opened it.She bit her lip and blushed (脸红).Annie could see that she didn't have enough to pay as she reached to start taking some of the items out of the grocery bag. 注意：续写词数应为150左右。 Annie reached out and stopped her. Mary's tears made Annie realize that she had been so selfish. One possible version： Annie reached out and stopped her.She had had enough and couldn't bear it any longer.All she wanted was a break.Impatiently，Annie asked Mary to step aside to make room for other customers.After all，she didn't want anybody to hold up her line again.Face burning，Mary whispered an apology and moved aside，making space for the next customer.When she was carefully choosing which items to leave behind，other customers were whispering，casting pitiful glances at her.At that moment，Annie caught tears welling up in Mary's eyes! Mary's tears made Annie realize that she had been so selfish.How could she be so rude and so mean? “Was my day that terrible? Should I have been more patient? Mary，like so many ordinary people，is in such a difficult situation.Should I，still luckily working，treat this poor woman like this？” Feeling guilty and ashamed，Annie paid the rest of the bill，placed the items back into the bag，handed her the receipt and wished her a good day. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $